Pub Date : 2023-08-11DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3185
G. J. Horsfall, A. Obafemi, M. Ogoro
The study examined the spatial assessment elevation-based flood risk level of communities and mitigation measures in the wetlands areas of Rivers and Bayelsa States, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria. The study made use of the elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission, flood height and tidal inundation data to determine the flood risk levels of communities in the study location. Similarly, 400 copies of questionnaire were administered to the residents from the wetland communities using random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the analysis. Findings revealed that majority of the coastal region in the study area is generally low lying and highly exposed to flood event. Results also showed that most communities in the Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Areas are very highly exposed which included Ahoada, Azagbene, Eben, Kpopkie, Owenegbene, Bisagbene, Ekeni among others while the very risk exposed communities included Okpogo, Ebubu, Aboigbene among other. Findings showed that damage compensation and government relief funds were the major ways used to tackle the negative impact of flood. The popular methods of flood abatement in the study area were restoring meanders in brooks and rivers and coastal wetlands protection. The study concluded that many communities in the coastal parts of Rivers and Bayelsa States in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria are highly prone to flood risk. The study recommended among others that the use of dam for flood abatement and prevention should be adequately established in the study area; and apart from embankment, other flood defense and control measures such as flood barrier, mobile flood wall, coastal sand supply, bypasses to safeguard wetlands, connect rivers to existing lake, dredging rivers, and river bed widening should be adequately put in place to reduce the levels of flood impact in the study area.
{"title":"Spatial Assessment of Elevation-based Flood Risk Level of Communities and Mitigation Measures in the Wetlands Areas of Rivers and Bayelsa States, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria","authors":"G. J. Horsfall, A. Obafemi, M. Ogoro","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3185","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the spatial assessment elevation-based flood risk level of communities and mitigation measures in the wetlands areas of Rivers and Bayelsa States, Niger Delta Region, Nigeria. The study made use of the elevation data from the Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission, flood height and tidal inundation data to determine the flood risk levels of communities in the study location. Similarly, 400 copies of questionnaire were administered to the residents from the wetland communities using random sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the analysis. Findings revealed that majority of the coastal region in the study area is generally low lying and highly exposed to flood event. Results also showed that most communities in the Ogba/Egbema/Ndoni Local Government Areas are very highly exposed which included Ahoada, Azagbene, Eben, Kpopkie, Owenegbene, Bisagbene, Ekeni among others while the very risk exposed communities included Okpogo, Ebubu, Aboigbene among other. Findings showed that damage compensation and government relief funds were the major ways used to tackle the negative impact of flood. The popular methods of flood abatement in the study area were restoring meanders in brooks and rivers and coastal wetlands protection. The study concluded that many communities in the coastal parts of Rivers and Bayelsa States in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria are highly prone to flood risk. The study recommended among others that the use of dam for flood abatement and prevention should be adequately established in the study area; and apart from embankment, other flood defense and control measures such as flood barrier, mobile flood wall, coastal sand supply, bypasses to safeguard wetlands, connect rivers to existing lake, dredging rivers, and river bed widening should be adequately put in place to reduce the levels of flood impact in the study area.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122914640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-04DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3184
Onyenweife Geraldine Ifesinachi, Onyenweife Leonard Chikwado
This research detailed on the Evaluation of Water contamination and its Health Implications on the Residents of Ayamelum Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. The recorded health implications caused by contaminated water enlightened the importance to discuss the measures to improve accessibility to safe drinking water, by employing outstanding measures to ensure proper sanitation service within the environ and personal hygiene behavior, which are significant to preventing infections. A total of 200 water samples collected from the inhabitants were examined for Cryptosporidiosis. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS (statistical package for social Science) Version 20.0 based on significance contamination level (P > 0.05). Out of the total respondents 10.00% were below 10 yrs, 21.00% were between 11 to 20 yrs, 16.00% were between 21-30 yrs, 17.00% were between 31-40 yrs, 10.00% were between 41-50yrs, 20.00% were between 51-60 yrs while 6.00% were between 61-70yrs. 66.00% were male while 34.00% were female. About 29.00% of the respondents depend on borehole, 25.00% on Lake/river/stream, and 16.00% on rainwater while 29.00% depends on table/sachet water. The result showed a Prevalence of 56(14.00%) for Salmonellosis and 36 (8.00%) for Crystosporidiosis with a 12 (3.0%) co-infection rate of Salmonellosis and Crystosporidiosis from water. In terms of distribution with regard to towns, Umueje had the most prevalence of 6 (30.00%) for Salmonellosis and 6 (50.00%) for Cryptosporidiosis while Umumbo, Igbakwu and Ifite had the least 2 (10.00 %) for Salmonellosis and 0.00% for Cryptosporidiosis. Age specific prevalence showed that Cryptosporidium parasite was highest in 11-20 yrs 6 (14.28 %) while Salmonellosis infection was highest in age group 21-30 Years 8 (25.00%). People with diarrhea 12 (46.15%) are household who depends on Well water 6 (50.00%), lake/river/stream 16 (32.00 %) and borehole for drinking water 10 (17.24%). The study recommends that water from various sources should be investigated and treated before use and all sources of water should be improved to prevent Salmonellosis and Crystosporidiosis infections.
本研究详细介绍了尼日利亚阿南布拉州Ayamelum地方政府区水污染及其对居民健康影响的评价。受污染的水所造成的健康影响的记录表明，必须讨论改善获得安全饮用水的措施，办法是采取出色的措施，确保在环境中提供适当的环境卫生服务和个人卫生行为，这对预防感染具有重要意义。对从居民身上收集的200个水样进行了隐孢子虫病检查。采用SPSS (statistical package for social Science) Version 20.0对数据进行显著性污染水平分析(P > 0.05)。在所有受访者中，10.00%的人年龄在10岁以下，21.00%的人年龄在11 - 20岁之间，16.00%的人年龄在21-30岁之间，17.00%的人年龄在31-40岁之间，10.00%的人年龄在41-50岁之间，20.00%的人年龄在51-60岁之间，6.00%的人年龄在61-70岁之间。男性占66.00%，女性占34.00%。约29.00%的受访者依赖于钻孔，25.00%依赖于湖泊/河流/溪流，16.00%依赖于雨水，29.00%依赖于桌水/包水。结果:沙门菌病56例(14.00%)，结晶孢子虫病36例(8.00%)，水中沙门菌病和结晶孢子虫病共感染率12例(3.0%)。从城镇分布来看，乌穆耶镇沙门氏菌病和隐孢子虫病发病率最高，分别为6例(30.00%)和6例(50.00%)，而乌蒙博、伊巴武和伊菲特镇沙门氏菌病和隐孢子虫病发病率最低，分别为2例(10.00%)和0.00%。隐孢子虫感染率以11 ~ 20岁最高(14.28%)，沙门氏菌感染率以21 ~ 30岁最高(25.00%)。腹泻患者12(46.15%)为依赖井水6(50.00%)、湖泊/河流/溪流16(32.00%)和钻孔饮用水10(17.24%)的家庭。该研究建议对各种水源的水在使用前进行调查和处理，并对所有水源进行改善，以预防沙门氏菌病和水晶孢子虫病感染。
{"title":"Evaluation of Water Contamination and Its Health Implications on the Residents of Ayamelum Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria","authors":"Onyenweife Geraldine Ifesinachi, Onyenweife Leonard Chikwado","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i3184","url":null,"abstract":"This research detailed on the Evaluation of Water contamination and its Health Implications on the Residents of Ayamelum Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. The recorded health implications caused by contaminated water enlightened the importance to discuss the measures to improve accessibility to safe drinking water, by employing outstanding measures to ensure proper sanitation service within the environ and personal hygiene behavior, which are significant to preventing infections. A total of 200 water samples collected from the inhabitants were examined for Cryptosporidiosis. Data obtained were analyzed using SPSS (statistical package for social Science) Version 20.0 based on significance contamination level (P > 0.05). Out of the total respondents 10.00% were below 10 yrs, 21.00% were between 11 to 20 yrs, 16.00% were between 21-30 yrs, 17.00% were between 31-40 yrs, 10.00% were between 41-50yrs, 20.00% were between 51-60 yrs while 6.00% were between 61-70yrs. 66.00% were male while 34.00% were female. About 29.00% of the respondents depend on borehole, 25.00% on Lake/river/stream, and 16.00% on rainwater while 29.00% depends on table/sachet water. The result showed a Prevalence of 56(14.00%) for Salmonellosis and 36 (8.00%) for Crystosporidiosis with a 12 (3.0%) co-infection rate of Salmonellosis and Crystosporidiosis from water. In terms of distribution with regard to towns, Umueje had the most prevalence of 6 (30.00%) for Salmonellosis and 6 (50.00%) for Cryptosporidiosis while Umumbo, Igbakwu and Ifite had the least 2 (10.00 %) for Salmonellosis and 0.00% for Cryptosporidiosis. Age specific prevalence showed that Cryptosporidium parasite was highest in 11-20 yrs 6 (14.28 %) while Salmonellosis infection was highest in age group 21-30 Years 8 (25.00%). People with diarrhea 12 (46.15%) are household who depends on Well water 6 (50.00%), lake/river/stream 16 (32.00 %) and borehole for drinking water 10 (17.24%). The study recommends that water from various sources should be investigated and treated before use and all sources of water should be improved to prevent Salmonellosis and Crystosporidiosis infections.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125958819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-03DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2182
Eyenghe, Tari, Brown Ibama
The study assessed the selected informal settlements on neighbourhood quality in the Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria, and the Quality of Life (QoL) lived by residents. The objectives of the study were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the residents of the selected informal settlements; identify the causes of informal settlements development in the study area; identify and assess the impact of informal settlements development on the neighbourhood quality of residents’ QoL lived; and identify physical planning measures to improve the neighbourhood quality and QoL of the selected informal settlements. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a descriptive research design. The study employed purposive and simple random sampling techniques for the selection of two (2) settlements namely: Mgbushimini and Nkpor and one hundred (100) respondents were determined and sampled for the study using the Taro Yamane formula at a 10% precision level. The study found that the socio-economic characteristics of residents of the settlements are age bracket 39-48 years of adults and mostly married with an average of 4-5 persons per household. Educational qualification is mostly vocational education, employed temporary, casual and contract and engaged in trading/business and craft/technical. The development of these informal settlements is attributed to low rent, cheap land and free access to land. The buildings are permanent structures, rented apartments of rooming houses of 2-3 rooms as habitable spaces on average. The impacts are poor sanitary conditions, poor layout of buildings and a dirty environment. These conditions have made the residents rate their neighbourhood quality and QoL lived as mostly “fair”, “unsatisfied” and “very unsatisfied”. The study recommended that urban studies should be carried out on the settlements to ascertain the socio-economic characteristics of residents and where needs a priority for improvement, the government should declare the study area blighted and carry out urban renewal schemes to improve the physical, social, and economic conditions, basic urban infrastructure, facilities and services should be provided to improve residents’ access, neighbourhood quality and QoL lived.
{"title":"A Reality of Quality of Life Lived! Socio-economic Impact of Selected Informal Settlements on Neighbourhood Quality in Port Harcourt Metropolis, Nigeria","authors":"Eyenghe, Tari, Brown Ibama","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2182","url":null,"abstract":"The study assessed the selected informal settlements on neighbourhood quality in the Port Harcourt metropolis, Nigeria, and the Quality of Life (QoL) lived by residents. The objectives of the study were to describe the socio-economic characteristics of the residents of the selected informal settlements; identify the causes of informal settlements development in the study area; identify and assess the impact of informal settlements development on the neighbourhood quality of residents’ QoL lived; and identify physical planning measures to improve the neighbourhood quality and QoL of the selected informal settlements. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a descriptive research design. The study employed purposive and simple random sampling techniques for the selection of two (2) settlements namely: Mgbushimini and Nkpor and one hundred (100) respondents were determined and sampled for the study using the Taro Yamane formula at a 10% precision level. The study found that the socio-economic characteristics of residents of the settlements are age bracket 39-48 years of adults and mostly married with an average of 4-5 persons per household. Educational qualification is mostly vocational education, employed temporary, casual and contract and engaged in trading/business and craft/technical. The development of these informal settlements is attributed to low rent, cheap land and free access to land. The buildings are permanent structures, rented apartments of rooming houses of 2-3 rooms as habitable spaces on average. The impacts are poor sanitary conditions, poor layout of buildings and a dirty environment. These conditions have made the residents rate their neighbourhood quality and QoL lived as mostly “fair”, “unsatisfied” and “very unsatisfied”. The study recommended that urban studies should be carried out on the settlements to ascertain the socio-economic characteristics of residents and where needs a priority for improvement, the government should declare the study area blighted and carry out urban renewal schemes to improve the physical, social, and economic conditions, basic urban infrastructure, facilities and services should be provided to improve residents’ access, neighbourhood quality and QoL lived.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122835245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2181
Riska Ardiyanti Putri, Winardi Tcahyo Baskoro, Zumrotul Unsuriyah, I. K. Sukarasa, I. N. Rupiasih, W. Suharta, A. Gunawan, Wenas Ganda Putra
Research has been conducted on the deficit, surplus, percentage of groundwater availability, and classification of Oldeman climate type in Tuban Regency, East Java in 2018-2022 to increase rice crop productivity in Tuban Regency, East Java. This process begins with the collection of data, namely rainfall, air temperature, coordinates and height of rain posts, and soil physical data which is then calculated ETC (Plant Evapotranspiration) rice, deficit, surplus, and ATS using the Thornthwaite and Mather methods. The results of data analysis obtained the smallest deficit value of 0.1 mm which occurred in Medalem in June and the largest deficit occurred in Ngimbang in November of 279.6 mm. The smallest surplus of 0.9 mm occurred in Sumurgung in April and the largest surplus of 313 mm occurred in Jenu in January, with 100% groundwater availability which generally occurs in November-April and 0% ATS which occurs in June-September and Oldeman Climate type in Tuban Regency consecutively C3, D3, D4, and E3.
{"title":"Evaluation of Groundwater Availability for Rice during Period 2018-2022 in Tuban Regency, East Java","authors":"Riska Ardiyanti Putri, Winardi Tcahyo Baskoro, Zumrotul Unsuriyah, I. K. Sukarasa, I. N. Rupiasih, W. Suharta, A. Gunawan, Wenas Ganda Putra","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2181","url":null,"abstract":"Research has been conducted on the deficit, surplus, percentage of groundwater availability, and classification of Oldeman climate type in Tuban Regency, East Java in 2018-2022 to increase rice crop productivity in Tuban Regency, East Java. This process begins with the collection of data, namely rainfall, air temperature, coordinates and height of rain posts, and soil physical data which is then calculated ETC (Plant Evapotranspiration) rice, deficit, surplus, and ATS using the Thornthwaite and Mather methods. The results of data analysis obtained the smallest deficit value of 0.1 mm which occurred in Medalem in June and the largest deficit occurred in Ngimbang in November of 279.6 mm. The smallest surplus of 0.9 mm occurred in Sumurgung in April and the largest surplus of 313 mm occurred in Jenu in January, with 100% groundwater availability which generally occurs in November-April and 0% ATS which occurs in June-September and Oldeman Climate type in Tuban Regency consecutively C3, D3, D4, and E3.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126960839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-13DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2180
Lawrence Siyingwa, M. Muchanga
Mining has been the main economic stay of the country since independence and has triggered negative impacts on the environment and groundwater. It has brought about immerse socioeconomic development, but at the same time released the waste effluents and solid wastes, which threaten the quality of groundwater leading to negative effects on animals, human health and may even cause death. This study assesses the quality of groundwater around Upper Kalumbila mining area in North-western Zambia. This research used a Citizen Science-based mixed methods approach with emphasis on concurrent design. Data for the study was collected using a digital portable multiparameter, which enabled insitu measurement of concentration of selected parameters in real time. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and this included standard deviation and Coefficient of Variation (CV), which were implemented using Excel Spreadsheet Data Analysis Toolkit (ESDAT). Handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) was used for geocoding of groundwater access points. A Student T-test was used to determine how statistically significant the difference in means for 30 paired samples was between the measured Turbidity and the WHO ideal standard for groundwater. The reason for isolating out this parameter was because it was a major source of concern from the water users, and it was visibly above the ideal standard. The study found that almost all chemical parameters were well within Maximum Permissible Limits (MPLs). However, one of the heavy metals, namely, Cobalt was above normal. Turbidity was above WHO’s prescribed ideal standard. From the analysed data, it was concluded that although some isolated parameters were above their MPLs, groundwater around the target areas in the upper part of Kalumbila mining area was moderately safe for human consumption. The study recommends strengthening of community participation and installing filters in the water tanks to mitigate Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and to also carefully monitor heavy metals on a regular basis.
{"title":"Groundwater Quality Assessment of the Upper Kalumbila Mining Area in North-Western Zambia","authors":"Lawrence Siyingwa, M. Muchanga","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2180","url":null,"abstract":"Mining has been the main economic stay of the country since independence and has triggered negative impacts on the environment and groundwater. It has brought about immerse socioeconomic development, but at the same time released the waste effluents and solid wastes, which threaten the quality of groundwater leading to negative effects on animals, human health and may even cause death. This study assesses the quality of groundwater around Upper Kalumbila mining area in North-western Zambia. This research used a Citizen Science-based mixed methods approach with emphasis on concurrent design. Data for the study was collected using a digital portable multiparameter, which enabled insitu measurement of concentration of selected parameters in real time. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics and this included standard deviation and Coefficient of Variation (CV), which were implemented using Excel Spreadsheet Data Analysis Toolkit (ESDAT). Handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) was used for geocoding of groundwater access points. A Student T-test was used to determine how statistically significant the difference in means for 30 paired samples was between the measured Turbidity and the WHO ideal standard for groundwater. The reason for isolating out this parameter was because it was a major source of concern from the water users, and it was visibly above the ideal standard. The study found that almost all chemical parameters were well within Maximum Permissible Limits (MPLs). However, one of the heavy metals, namely, Cobalt was above normal. Turbidity was above WHO’s prescribed ideal standard. From the analysed data, it was concluded that although some isolated parameters were above their MPLs, groundwater around the target areas in the upper part of Kalumbila mining area was moderately safe for human consumption. The study recommends strengthening of community participation and installing filters in the water tanks to mitigate Total Suspended Solids (TSS) and to also carefully monitor heavy metals on a regular basis.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121631878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-24DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2179
Joshua Seyi Ayejugbagbe
This paper examined the characteristics of slum in the core of Akure, Nigeria, with a view to suggesting means of correcting the abnormalities caused by the slum environment. A sample size of 350 households amounting to 5% of the household population was randomly selected across eight selected neighbourhoods in the study area for questionnaire administration. Personal interview was conducted with the residents while field observation was made on the condition of the environment. Google Earth imagery was digitized to ascertain the number of buildings in the environment. Secondary data were collected from relevant journals, articles and textbooks. Data collected using the questionnaire was coded into the IBM Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, where it was analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and percentage. The results of the analysis were presented in Tables. Findings revealed that majority of the houses in the study area were informal. Majority of the buildings were old and dilapidated. Residents of the study area mostly use poorly maintained shared pit latrine as means of convenience. Residents engage in dumping wastes in open spaces and drains. Majority of the buildings in the study area were in an extreme poor condition. The study therefore proposed urban renewal exercise to take place in the slum environment; constant sanitation routine checks, legislation by the State House of Assembly to guide urban sanitation and public enlightenment of the residents to be aware of the need to ensure a safe and clean environment.
{"title":"Assessment of the Characteristics of Slum in the Core of Akure, Nigeria","authors":"Joshua Seyi Ayejugbagbe","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2179","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examined the characteristics of slum in the core of Akure, Nigeria, with a view to suggesting means of correcting the abnormalities caused by the slum environment. A sample size of 350 households amounting to 5% of the household population was randomly selected across eight selected neighbourhoods in the study area for questionnaire administration. Personal interview was conducted with the residents while field observation was made on the condition of the environment. Google Earth imagery was digitized to ascertain the number of buildings in the environment. Secondary data were collected from relevant journals, articles and textbooks. Data collected using the questionnaire was coded into the IBM Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23, where it was analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution and percentage. The results of the analysis were presented in Tables. Findings revealed that majority of the houses in the study area were informal. Majority of the buildings were old and dilapidated. Residents of the study area mostly use poorly maintained shared pit latrine as means of convenience. Residents engage in dumping wastes in open spaces and drains. Majority of the buildings in the study area were in an extreme poor condition. The study therefore proposed urban renewal exercise to take place in the slum environment; constant sanitation routine checks, legislation by the State House of Assembly to guide urban sanitation and public enlightenment of the residents to be aware of the need to ensure a safe and clean environment.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123577236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1177
Sheetla Prasad Sharma, A. Yadav, D. Pandey
People have relied on agriculture as their primary source of income all over the world. More than half of the population of India depends on agriculture for employment and livelihood. Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains because of its fertile Gangetic plains, canal irrigation, and government and private tube wells. Social, economic, political, and technological factors also decide crop production in different parts of the state. In this study, calculation and analysis of crop concentration and crop diversification in Ambedkar Nagar district have been done for 2000 and 2018 to investigate the changing relations between land, humans, and the environment. Crop concentration is calculated using Jasbir Singh's method, whereas crop diversification is calculated using the Gibbs and Martin method. Crop concentrations of crops like rice, wheat, and pulses are increasing, while crop concentrations of sugarcane are decreasing. Crop concentration in Ambedkar Nagar district shows changing trends from 2000 to 2018, crop diversification also follows the same pattern. The high crop concentration of food crops and the high crop diversification index show that agriculture is still the primary occupation and source of income and livelihood in the district.
{"title":"Concentration and Diversification of Crops in Ambedkar Nagar District of Uttar Pradesh, India","authors":"Sheetla Prasad Sharma, A. Yadav, D. Pandey","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1177","url":null,"abstract":"People have relied on agriculture as their primary source of income all over the world. More than half of the population of India depends on agriculture for employment and livelihood. Uttar Pradesh is the largest producer of food grains because of its fertile Gangetic plains, canal irrigation, and government and private tube wells. Social, economic, political, and technological factors also decide crop production in different parts of the state. In this study, calculation and analysis of crop concentration and crop diversification in Ambedkar Nagar district have been done for 2000 and 2018 to investigate the changing relations between land, humans, and the environment. Crop concentration is calculated using Jasbir Singh's method, whereas crop diversification is calculated using the Gibbs and Martin method. Crop concentrations of crops like rice, wheat, and pulses are increasing, while crop concentrations of sugarcane are decreasing. Crop concentration in Ambedkar Nagar district shows changing trends from 2000 to 2018, crop diversification also follows the same pattern. The high crop concentration of food crops and the high crop diversification index show that agriculture is still the primary occupation and source of income and livelihood in the district.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121365951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-21DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2178
Tajvir
The study of relief elements is very significant in geography. Relief set the stage for all types of development of cultural features on the surface of the earth. To make planning regarding development of cultural landscape, for sustainable development, the study of relief is must, particularly in mountainous regions. The study of relief enlighten many characteristics of the area, like - slope, dissection of area, stability and instability of topography, erosion capacity of area, hydrological aspects and stages of sequential development of landforms etc. In the light of this need, relief morphometry of catchment has been studied. To study the Morphometry of the watershed, parameters like – relative relief, absolute relief, dissection index, slope, hypsometric integral curve, clinographic curve, relief ratio and ruggedness number, relief profile have been taken. The topographical map published by Government of India is the database of the analysis. Instruments, like- Rotameter and Planimeter have been used for various measurements. The observations per square kilometer are taken to calculate the areal coverage of absolute and relative relief, average slope and dissection index. The study reveals that the watershed has experienced tectonic incidences in the recent past. Fault, submergence, upliftment, tilt and sudden breaks of slopes are imprints of these activities on topography of the area. Indicators like - Slope, relief ratio, ruggedness number and relief profiles suggest that the watershed has Steep slopes, unstable landmass and capacity of intense erosion. Various measures of relief also imply that the area is in the youthful phase of its sequential development.
{"title":"Relief Morphometry of Nayaseri Watershed: A Case Study in Northern Slopes of Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India","authors":"Tajvir","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i2178","url":null,"abstract":"The study of relief elements is very significant in geography. Relief set the stage for all types of development of cultural features on the surface of the earth. To make planning regarding development of cultural landscape, for sustainable development, the study of relief is must, particularly in mountainous regions. The study of relief enlighten many characteristics of the area, like - slope, dissection of area, stability and instability of topography, erosion capacity of area, hydrological aspects and stages of sequential development of landforms etc. In the light of this need, relief morphometry of catchment has been studied. To study the Morphometry of the watershed, parameters like – relative relief, absolute relief, dissection index, slope, hypsometric integral curve, clinographic curve, relief ratio and ruggedness number, relief profile have been taken. The topographical map published by Government of India is the database of the analysis. Instruments, like- Rotameter and Planimeter have been used for various measurements. The observations per square kilometer are taken to calculate the areal coverage of absolute and relative relief, average slope and dissection index. The study reveals that the watershed has experienced tectonic incidences in the recent past. Fault, submergence, upliftment, tilt and sudden breaks of slopes are imprints of these activities on topography of the area. Indicators like - Slope, relief ratio, ruggedness number and relief profiles suggest that the watershed has Steep slopes, unstable landmass and capacity of intense erosion. Various measures of relief also imply that the area is in the youthful phase of its sequential development.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125151485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-12DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1176
B. Ofem, A. M. Ufot-Akpabio
In recent times there has been increasing use of active recreational facilities in urban centers the world over. However, in Nigeria, patronage is hindered by their location and distribution. The study aimed to assess the spatial characteristics of active recreational facilities in Uyo urban, Akwa Ibom State. Empirical and exploratory methods were employed. Questionnaire was administered and field observations were conducted to gather data for analysis. A random sampling technique was used to determine a total sample size of 400 for questionnaire distribution. There were nine (9) active recreational facilities within the study area whose locations and pattern were determined using the Nearest Neighbourhood Analysis technique. The study revealed that characteristically, the active recreational facilities were located dispersed, which was a pointer to a lack of order and planning in their location. Based on the findings, it is recommended that; more active recreational facilities should be provided, optimally and equidistantly located to enhance usage.
{"title":"Spatial Characteristics of Public Active Recreational Facilities in Uyo Urban, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria","authors":"B. Ofem, A. M. Ufot-Akpabio","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1176","url":null,"abstract":"In recent times there has been increasing use of active recreational facilities in urban centers the world over. However, in Nigeria, patronage is hindered by their location and distribution. The study aimed to assess the spatial characteristics of active recreational facilities in Uyo urban, Akwa Ibom State. Empirical and exploratory methods were employed. Questionnaire was administered and field observations were conducted to gather data for analysis. A random sampling technique was used to determine a total sample size of 400 for questionnaire distribution. There were nine (9) active recreational facilities within the study area whose locations and pattern were determined using the Nearest Neighbourhood Analysis technique. The study revealed that characteristically, the active recreational facilities were located dispersed, which was a pointer to a lack of order and planning in their location. Based on the findings, it is recommended that; more active recreational facilities should be provided, optimally and equidistantly located to enhance usage.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126561925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-08DOI: 10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1175
Saravahidi, Amir Shahrokh Amini, Vahid Hatamzadeh
In recent years, the problem of climate change and decrease in rainfall has become a big challenge in Iran, so it’s monitoring and control is very vital and necessary. In addition to the classical methods, nowadays with the progress of the space industry in the world, the use of remote sensing techniques has greatly helped to detect and monitor drought. The science of remote sensing and the use of satellite images is considered a useful and optimal tool for drought monitoring. In this project, we investigated the occurrence of drought using satellite images and remote sensing techniques. In this way, we have calculated the drought-related remote sensing indicators, including NDVI, VCI, TCI, and VHI, in the six-year period between 2015 and 2021 for Natanz county located in Isfahan province. In order to calculate the indicators, Sentinel satellite data was used, and to calculate the Standard Rainfall Index (SPI), data from the synoptic station of Natanz county was used. According to the general results obtained from the indicators, currently the drought situation in the southwestern region of this area has been increasing compared to the last five years, and in other regions we are witnessing the growth and occurrence of drought sporadically. The results of this research show that the best index for calculating and monitoring drought is the VCI index because it has a higher correlation with meteorological data and the SPI index.
{"title":"Remote Sensing Indexes Assessment for Drought Monitoring Using Sentinel Satellite Imagery: A Case Study from Natanz County, Iran","authors":"Saravahidi, Amir Shahrokh Amini, Vahid Hatamzadeh","doi":"10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ajgr/2023/v6i1175","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the problem of climate change and decrease in rainfall has become a big challenge in Iran, so it’s monitoring and control is very vital and necessary. In addition to the classical methods, nowadays with the progress of the space industry in the world, the use of remote sensing techniques has greatly helped to detect and monitor drought. The science of remote sensing and the use of satellite images is considered a useful and optimal tool for drought monitoring. In this project, we investigated the occurrence of drought using satellite images and remote sensing techniques. In this way, we have calculated the drought-related remote sensing indicators, including NDVI, VCI, TCI, and VHI, in the six-year period between 2015 and 2021 for Natanz county located in Isfahan province. In order to calculate the indicators, Sentinel satellite data was used, and to calculate the Standard Rainfall Index (SPI), data from the synoptic station of Natanz county was used. According to the general results obtained from the indicators, currently the drought situation in the southwestern region of this area has been increasing compared to the last five years, and in other regions we are witnessing the growth and occurrence of drought sporadically. The results of this research show that the best index for calculating and monitoring drought is the VCI index because it has a higher correlation with meteorological data and the SPI index.","PeriodicalId":106705,"journal":{"name":"Asian Journal of Geographical Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131344355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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