Pub Date : 2021-01-27DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2021.266573.1100
P. Berthod, D. A. Kane
Two Hf–poorest versions of a high performance chromia–forming nickel–based polycrystalline cast alloy reinforced by HfC carbides were investigated by replacing more or less hafnium by tantalum to reduce production cost. After elaboration, microstructure control, thermal analysis and exposures at temperature were carried out on samples cut in the obtained ingots. The as–cast microstructures of the two alloys are similar to the initial alloy one but their behaviors at the three considered high temperatures (1100, 1200 and 1250°C) were more or less different: more fragmentation of the MC carbides and precipitation of chromium carbides during aging. Some decreasing effects on the room temperature hardness were observed, and one can suppose that the high temperature mechanical properties of these two {(Hf,Ta)C carbides}–containing alloys derived from the HfC–strengthened initial one may be lowered.
{"title":"Bulk microstructure evolution of two high Hf-containing Ni-based alloys during exposure at temperatures from 1100 to 1250°C","authors":"P. Berthod, D. A. Kane","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2021.266573.1100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2021.266573.1100","url":null,"abstract":"Two Hf–poorest versions of a high performance chromia–forming nickel–based polycrystalline cast alloy reinforced by HfC carbides were investigated by replacing more or less hafnium by tantalum to reduce production cost. After elaboration, microstructure control, thermal analysis and exposures at temperature were carried out on samples cut in the obtained ingots. The as–cast microstructures of the two alloys are similar to the initial alloy one but their behaviors at the three considered high temperatures (1100, 1200 and 1250°C) were more or less different: more fragmentation of the MC carbides and precipitation of chromium carbides during aging. Some decreasing effects on the room temperature hardness were observed, and one can suppose that the high temperature mechanical properties of these two {(Hf,Ta)C carbides}–containing alloys derived from the HfC–strengthened initial one may be lowered.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"10 8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82878581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2020.250849.1081
N. Shajari, H. Yahyaei, A. Ramazani
The new derivatives of S-aryl (trichloroacetyl) carbamothioate were prepared from a two-component reaction of 2-naphthalenethiol or thiophenol derivatives and trichloroacetyl isocyanate in CH2Cl2 at room temperature at high yields. The reaction was a simple and efficient procedure with high yield and available stating materials in a short time for the synthesis of these compounds that no side reactions were observed. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Quantum theoretical calculations for the three structures of compounds (3a, 3b and 3c) were performed using the G3MP2, LC-ωPBE, MP2, and B3LYP methods with the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Geometric parameters of optimized the structures were compared with the experimental measurements. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. IR spectra data and 1H NMR and 13C NMR chemical shifts computations of the compounds were calculated. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), total density of states (DOS), thermodynamic parameters and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) of the title compounds were investigated by theoretical calculations. Molecular properties such as the ionization potential (I), electron affinity (A), chemical hardness (η), electronic chemical potential (μ) and electrophilicity (ω) were investigated for the structures. Consequently, there was an excellent agreement between experimental and theoretical results.
{"title":"Experimental and computational investigations of some new cabamothioate compounds","authors":"N. Shajari, H. Yahyaei, A. Ramazani","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2020.250849.1081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2020.250849.1081","url":null,"abstract":"The new derivatives of S-aryl (trichloroacetyl) carbamothioate were prepared from a two-component reaction of 2-naphthalenethiol or thiophenol derivatives and trichloroacetyl isocyanate in CH2Cl2 at room temperature at high yields. The reaction was a simple and efficient procedure with high yield and available stating materials in a short time for the synthesis of these compounds that no side reactions were observed. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis. Quantum theoretical calculations for the three structures of compounds (3a, 3b and 3c) were performed using the G3MP2, LC-ωPBE, MP2, and B3LYP methods with the 6-311+G(d,p) basis set. Geometric parameters of optimized the structures were compared with the experimental measurements. The structures of the products were confirmed by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. IR spectra data and 1H NMR and 13C NMR chemical shifts computations of the compounds were calculated. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), total density of states (DOS), thermodynamic parameters and molecular electrostatic potentials (MEP) of the title compounds were investigated by theoretical calculations. Molecular properties such as the ionization potential (I), electron affinity (A), chemical hardness (η), electronic chemical potential (μ) and electrophilicity (ω) were investigated for the structures. Consequently, there was an excellent agreement between experimental and theoretical results.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"9 1","pages":"21-29"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75317983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This survey study discusses the perception of work-life balance among married female academic librarians in university libraries in South-East Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 90 married female academic librarians from a population of 150 female academic librarians working in the university libraries. The study examines the perception of family and organizational factors of work-life balance among the respondents. The results reveal that the married female academic librarians have a positive perception of family and organizational factors of work-life balance; however, perception of the organizational factor has a slightly higher mean score than the family factor. The study highlights strategies that could enhance work-life balance among the respondents and recommends the implementation of practices and policies such as flexible work schedule, cancellation of overtime and shift duties, and better remuneration to improve work-life balance among academic librarians.
{"title":"Perception of Work-Life Balance among Married Female Librarians in University Libraries in South-East Nigeria","authors":"Ijeoma J. Ibegbulam, A. Ejikeme","doi":"10.5860/crl.82.6.831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.6.831","url":null,"abstract":"This survey study discusses the perception of work-life balance among married female academic librarians in university libraries in South-East Nigeria. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 90 married female academic librarians from a population of 150 female academic librarians working in the university libraries. The study examines the perception of family and organizational factors of work-life balance among the respondents. The results reveal that the married female academic librarians have a positive perception of family and organizational factors of work-life balance; however, perception of the organizational factor has a slightly higher mean score than the family factor. The study highlights strategies that could enhance work-life balance among the respondents and recommends the implementation of practices and policies such as flexible work schedule, cancellation of overtime and shift duties, and better remuneration to improve work-life balance among academic librarians.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86756073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Women library professionals are greatly underrepresented in key leadership positions, especially in the developing countries. This study explored the women academic library leadership in Pakistan and investigated the major challenges faced by women leaders during their ascending to the top, the key indicator of their success, as well as the community services and professional contributions made by them during the course of their careers. Qualitative research design was used and data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews of 16 senior woman library leaders in Pakistan. The findings indicated that organizational challenges, family responsibilities, and gender discrimination were the major barriers that hindered the women leaders during their career progression. The key indicators of their success were effective use of technology, professional commitment, academic contributions, community services, family support, international exposure, and continuous learning. The implications of the study highlight the various areas of improvement for women library leadership.
{"title":"Women Academic Library Leadership in Pakistan: A Qualitative Study on the Journey of Career Progression and Serving the Community","authors":"M. Ashiq, S. Réhman, Sadaf Rafiq, M. Tariq","doi":"10.5860/crl.82.6.808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.6.808","url":null,"abstract":"Women library professionals are greatly underrepresented in key leadership positions, especially in the developing countries. This study explored the women academic library leadership in Pakistan and investigated the major challenges faced by women leaders during their ascending to the top, the key indicator of their success, as well as the community services and professional contributions made by them during the course of their careers. Qualitative research design was used and data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews of 16 senior woman library leaders in Pakistan. The findings indicated that organizational challenges, family responsibilities, and gender discrimination were the major barriers that hindered the women leaders during their career progression. The key indicators of their success were effective use of technology, professional commitment, academic contributions, community services, family support, international exposure, and continuous learning. The implications of the study highlight the various areas of improvement for women library leadership.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"72 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88134148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2020.239368.1071
Roghayeh Sadeghzadeh, L. Ejlali, Moosa Es’haghi, H. Basharnavaz, K. Seyyedi
The corrosion inhibition efficiency of (3-(4-chlorophenyl isoxazole-5-yl) methanol (CPIM) and (3-(2,4 dichlorophenolisoxazole-5-yl) methanol (DCPIM) for mild steel in 1 M HCl has been studied using electrochemical methods at 40 and 50 °C. Polarization studies showed that the inhibitors are efficient mixed-type corrosion inhibitors, and their inhibition performance increased with the rise of inhibitor concentration and decrease of temperature. The result of EIS measurements was analyzed through an appropriate equivalent circuit model to model the corrosion inhibition.
用电化学方法研究了(3-(4-氯苯基异恶唑-5-基)甲醇(CPIM)和(3-(2,4二氯苯基异恶唑-5-基)甲醇(DCPIM)在1 M HCl中对低碳钢的缓蚀效果，温度分别为40℃和50℃。极化研究表明，缓蚀剂为高效混合型缓蚀剂，缓蚀剂的缓蚀性能随缓蚀剂浓度的升高和温度的降低而提高。通过适当的等效电路模型对EIS测量结果进行分析，以模拟腐蚀抑制作用。
{"title":"Corrosion inhibition of mild steel surface by isoxazoles in HCl solution: Electrochemical studies","authors":"Roghayeh Sadeghzadeh, L. Ejlali, Moosa Es’haghi, H. Basharnavaz, K. Seyyedi","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2020.239368.1071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2020.239368.1071","url":null,"abstract":"The corrosion inhibition efficiency of (3-(4-chlorophenyl isoxazole-5-yl) methanol (CPIM) and (3-(2,4 dichlorophenolisoxazole-5-yl) methanol (DCPIM) for mild steel in 1 M HCl has been studied using electrochemical methods at 40 and 50 °C. Polarization studies showed that the inhibitors are efficient mixed-type corrosion inhibitors, and their inhibition performance increased with the rise of inhibitor concentration and decrease of temperature. The result of EIS measurements was analyzed through an appropriate equivalent circuit model to model the corrosion inhibition.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"15 1","pages":"2-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73138021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Query letters may offer an effective way to increase author engagement in the scholarly communication process, yet they are not a common practice in library and information science (LIS). A survey and interviews were conducted with LIS journal editors to explore experiences, attitudes, and opinions concerning query letters. Results indicate query letters can be of great benefit to both authors and editors, if approached properly. Yet editors expressed varying levels of enthusiasm and offered some divergent opinions. Such editorial inconsistencies may contribute to authors’ uncertainty and anxiety. Thus, this article concludes with ideas for empowering authors and improving editor-author communication.
{"title":"Library and Information Science Journal Editors’ Views on Query Letters","authors":"M. Longmeier, J. Fagan","doi":"10.5860/crl.82.6.899","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.6.899","url":null,"abstract":"Query letters may offer an effective way to increase author engagement in the scholarly communication process, yet they are not a common practice in library and information science (LIS). A survey and interviews were conducted with LIS journal editors to explore experiences, attitudes, and opinions concerning query letters. Results indicate query letters can be of great benefit to both authors and editors, if approached properly. Yet editors expressed varying levels of enthusiasm and offered some divergent opinions. Such editorial inconsistencies may contribute to authors’ uncertainty and anxiety. Thus, this article concludes with ideas for empowering authors and improving editor-author communication.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90078474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Patrons’ information consumption behaviors of print materials are influenced by their content and tangible characteristics. This quantitative study incorporates several content-based factors widely adopted in collection management practices as well as two physical dimension–related factors, including book size and number of pages, and applies a series of regression analyses to evaluate the relative impact of these factors on patrons’ checkout versus in-library use decisions. The results suggest that shelf time and book size exhibit consistent and significant impact on patrons’ use of print materials. These findings can shed further light on collection management practices and policies in academic libraries striving to provide patrons more user-centered collections and space.
{"title":"A Statistical Analysis of Patrons’ In-Library Information Consumption Behaviors of Print Materials","authors":"Jiebei Luo","doi":"10.5860/crl.82.6.863","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.82.6.863","url":null,"abstract":"Patrons’ information consumption behaviors of print materials are influenced by their content and tangible characteristics. This quantitative study incorporates several content-based factors widely adopted in collection management practices as well as two physical dimension–related factors, including book size and number of pages, and applies a series of regression analyses to evaluate the relative impact of these factors on patrons’ checkout versus in-library use decisions. The results suggest that shelf time and book size exhibit consistent and significant impact on patrons’ use of print materials. These findings can shed further light on collection management practices and policies in academic libraries striving to provide patrons more user-centered collections and space.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82734198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2021.119379
Biraj Saha, M. Mottalib, A. Razee
Cultivated fishes are major protein and microelement sources for all sorts of people in Bangladesh due to its availability and affordability. Since heavy metals are persistent in the aquatic environment, these metals can accumulate in the food chain. Cultivated fishes containing heavy metals can cause a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human as it biologically accumulates heavy metals from commercial feeds. This study was designed to access the content of heavy metals in the flesh of some cultivated fish species through consuming commercial fish feeds available in Bangladesh and potential health risk calculation for consumers due to intake daily. The concentration (mg/kg, dry weight) range of heavy metals like; Pb (4.56- 7.08), Cd (0.23- 1.28), Cr (4.00-7.08), Cu (11.23- 20.62), As (0.08- 0.34), Hg (0.05- 0.34) in selected commercial fish feeds and Pb (4.35-8.03), Cd (0.87- 1.35), Cr (4.71-8.98), Cu (14.00- 31.80), As (0.17- 0.28), Hg (0.08- 0.41) in fishes were accessed by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The recorded concentration value for selected metals in fish tissues and feeds were also compared with the safe limit proposed by World health organization (WHO, 1995), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO, 1983), European Union (EU, 2001). This study also estimated the carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic risk due to daily consumption of these cultivated fishes for a certain age.
{"title":"Heavy Metals Accumulation in Different Cultivated Fish Tissues through Commercial Fish Feeds and Health Risk Estimation in Consumers in Bangladesh","authors":"Biraj Saha, M. Mottalib, A. Razee","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2021.119379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2021.119379","url":null,"abstract":"Cultivated fishes are major protein and microelement sources for all sorts of people in Bangladesh due to its availability and affordability. Since heavy metals are persistent in the aquatic environment, these metals can accumulate in the food chain. Cultivated fishes containing heavy metals can cause a carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk to human as it biologically accumulates heavy metals from commercial feeds. This study was designed to access the content of heavy metals in the flesh of some cultivated fish species through consuming commercial fish feeds available in Bangladesh and potential health risk calculation for consumers due to intake daily. The concentration (mg/kg, dry weight) range of heavy metals like; Pb (4.56- 7.08), Cd (0.23- 1.28), Cr (4.00-7.08), Cu (11.23- 20.62), As (0.08- 0.34), Hg (0.05- 0.34) in selected commercial fish feeds and Pb (4.35-8.03), Cd (0.87- 1.35), Cr (4.71-8.98), Cu (14.00- 31.80), As (0.17- 0.28), Hg (0.08- 0.41) in fishes were accessed by inductive coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). The recorded concentration value for selected metals in fish tissues and feeds were also compared with the safe limit proposed by World health organization (WHO, 1995), Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO, 1983), European Union (EU, 2001). This study also estimated the carcinogenic and non- carcinogenic risk due to daily consumption of these cultivated fishes for a certain age.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"10 1","pages":"10-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90172769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2020.259697.1093
Maedeh Kamel, Kamal Mohammadifard
In this work, the interaction between Flutamide (FLU) anticancer drug with nucleobases such as cytosine, thymine, uracil, and adenine was studied by density functional theory (DFT) methods from a thermodynamic point of view. The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and enthalpy (ΔH) of C-FLU, T-FLU, U-FLU and A-FLU complexes were computed and demonstrate that the stronger interaction between cytosine and FLU and the adsorption of the drug on the bases proceeds spontaneously. The negative value of ΔH indicates that the adsorption of FLU drug on the cytosine, thymine and uracil bases are exothermic, these results confirmed ΔE results. During the interaction of Flutamide drug with nucleobases, the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were significantly changed. The values of the energy gap (Eg) reduced during the adsorption of the FLU drug onto bases which confirmed that the reactivity of the resulted complex increase upon adsorption. On the other hand, as a result of theoretical calculations, the values of the Eg for the Base-FLU structures in water solution are decreased in comparison to the corresponding values in the gas phase, indicating more the reactivity of the studied complexes in the aqueous medium.
{"title":"Thermodynamic and reactivity descriptors Studies on the interaction of Flutamide anticancer drug with nucleobases: A computational view","authors":"Maedeh Kamel, Kamal Mohammadifard","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2020.259697.1093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2020.259697.1093","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the interaction between Flutamide (FLU) anticancer drug with nucleobases such as cytosine, thymine, uracil, and adenine was studied by density functional theory (DFT) methods from a thermodynamic point of view. The Gibbs free energy (ΔG) and enthalpy (ΔH) of C-FLU, T-FLU, U-FLU and A-FLU complexes were computed and demonstrate that the stronger interaction between cytosine and FLU and the adsorption of the drug on the bases proceeds spontaneously. The negative value of ΔH indicates that the adsorption of FLU drug on the cytosine, thymine and uracil bases are exothermic, these results confirmed ΔE results. During the interaction of Flutamide drug with nucleobases, the energy levels of the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) and the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) were significantly changed. The values of the energy gap (Eg) reduced during the adsorption of the FLU drug onto bases which confirmed that the reactivity of the resulted complex increase upon adsorption. On the other hand, as a result of theoretical calculations, the values of the Eg for the Base-FLU structures in water solution are decreased in comparison to the corresponding values in the gas phase, indicating more the reactivity of the studied complexes in the aqueous medium.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"2 1","pages":"54-65"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87129765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.22034/CRL.2020.244405.1078
A. Baba, S. Garba, H. Abdullahi, D. Baba
The present study aims to assess the potentials of immobilized bacteria in the remediation of anions within the effluents by determining the levels of the anions before and after the remediation. Industrial Effluents Samples from Gashash Tanneries (TAN1), Larabee Tannery Industry (TAN2) and Z Tannery Industries (TAN3) in Kano State, Nigeria were collected monthly for six months (August 2017 to January 2018). Bacteria were isolated from the effluents and immobilized on agar-agar. The effluent samples were analyzed for the anions before and after the treatment using DR/2010 HACH portable data logging spectrophotometer. Different masses (5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g) of the bacteria were used in the treatment of 250 ml of the effluents for ten days in a shaker incubator (Gallenkamp-OC-4364-L) at the temperature 30 °C and speed of 60 rpm. Pre-treatment analysis of the effluents for nitrate (NO-3), Sulphate (SO2-4), Phosphate (PO3-4) and Chloride (Cl-) give the following results; NO-3 ranged (25.35±17.16-28.12±10.72 mg/l); SO2-4 (67.00±5.93-114.83±53.20 mg/l); PO3-4 (26.16±22.93-34.17±16.73 mg/l) and Cl- (22.57±9.64-26.00a±4.86 mg/l). No statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed for all the anions among the different industries. The bacterial isolates were identified as Neisseria spp, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus, in TAN1, TAN2, and TAN3, respectively. After treatment of the effluents with the different masses of the isolated bacteria, the mean level of NO-3 were found to range as (6.17±6.67-20.78±7.76); SO2-4 (25.73±17.84-46.00±46.81); PO3-4 (11.45±12.02-28.19±9.09) and Cl-(0.38±1.83-15.36±13.58). The results of Post-treatment analysis showed that there is an overall decrease in the levels of the anions determined when compared with that of the pre-treatment. The overall percentage reduction of the immobilized bacteria in the treatment of the respective effluents was in the order TAN3 (57%)>TAN1 (49%)>TAN2 (47%). Therefore, the immobilized bacteria are having higher potentials for the treatment of the anions in the effluents.
{"title":"Anions Bioremediation Potential of Immobilized Bacteria in Tannery Industrial Effluents from Kano State, Nigeria","authors":"A. Baba, S. Garba, H. Abdullahi, D. Baba","doi":"10.22034/CRL.2020.244405.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22034/CRL.2020.244405.1078","url":null,"abstract":"The present study aims to assess the potentials of immobilized bacteria in the remediation of anions within the effluents by determining the levels of the anions before and after the remediation. Industrial Effluents Samples from Gashash Tanneries (TAN1), Larabee Tannery Industry (TAN2) and Z Tannery Industries (TAN3) in Kano State, Nigeria were collected monthly for six months (August 2017 to January 2018). Bacteria were isolated from the effluents and immobilized on agar-agar. The effluent samples were analyzed for the anions before and after the treatment using DR/2010 HACH portable data logging spectrophotometer. Different masses (5 g, 10 g, 15 g, 20 g, and 25 g) of the bacteria were used in the treatment of 250 ml of the effluents for ten days in a shaker incubator (Gallenkamp-OC-4364-L) at the temperature 30 °C and speed of 60 rpm. Pre-treatment analysis of the effluents for nitrate (NO-3), Sulphate (SO2-4), Phosphate (PO3-4) and Chloride (Cl-) give the following results; NO-3 ranged (25.35±17.16-28.12±10.72 mg/l); SO2-4 (67.00±5.93-114.83±53.20 mg/l); PO3-4 (26.16±22.93-34.17±16.73 mg/l) and Cl- (22.57±9.64-26.00a±4.86 mg/l). No statistical difference (p ≤ 0.05) was observed for all the anions among the different industries. The bacterial isolates were identified as Neisseria spp, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus, in TAN1, TAN2, and TAN3, respectively. After treatment of the effluents with the different masses of the isolated bacteria, the mean level of NO-3 were found to range as (6.17±6.67-20.78±7.76); SO2-4 (25.73±17.84-46.00±46.81); PO3-4 (11.45±12.02-28.19±9.09) and Cl-(0.38±1.83-15.36±13.58). The results of Post-treatment analysis showed that there is an overall decrease in the levels of the anions determined when compared with that of the pre-treatment. The overall percentage reduction of the immobilized bacteria in the treatment of the respective effluents was in the order TAN3 (57%)>TAN1 (49%)>TAN2 (47%). Therefore, the immobilized bacteria are having higher potentials for the treatment of the anions in the effluents.","PeriodicalId":10686,"journal":{"name":"College & Research Libraries","volume":"419 1","pages":"43-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76641351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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