Nadiia BONDARENKO-ZELINSKA, Maryna Boryslavska, O. Trach
The article aims to analyse the procedural aspects of recognizing the inheritance as escheat, primarily the content of the application for recognition of the inheritance as escheat, the peculiarities of submitting it to the court (including the issue of jurisdiction) and the availability of conditions for opening proceedings in the case. It is established that an obligatory element of the legal composition, which should exist at the time of the applicant’s request with a properly completed statement to the court, is the completion of the annual period from the moment the inheritance is opened. The peculiarities of determining the place of discovery of the inheritance are analysed if the last place of residence of the testator was the territory of another country or the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. The need to extend to cases on the recognition of inheritance as escheat the rules of exclusive jurisdiction and make appropriate changes to civil procedure legislation are proved. The need to provide the court with the authority to request information necessary for the implementation of justice from the Unified State Demographic Register is justified. It is proposed to set in the legislation of Ukraine opportunities for providing information from the Unified State Demographic Register at no cost. The right to access information from the specified register should be guaranteed to applicants in cases of recognition of inheritance as escheat. Among such persons should be both local governments and other applicants. It is found out that such information is necessary to establish and search for possible heirs, on which the content of the decision made by the court in the case of recognizing the inheritance as escheat depends. The issue of informing the testator’s creditors about the owners of the property, which is recognized as an embezzlement in the event of the acquisition of such property by several territorial communities, is investigated. The need to exempt all applicants in the investigated category of cases in all courts from paying the court fee for filing an application for recognition of inheritance as escheat is proven. The legal consequences of the application for recognition of an inheritance as escheat before the expiration of the period of one year from the date of the opening of the inheritance and after the expiration of such a period are analysed. It is established that the content of the court decision in the case of recognizing the inheritance as escheat depends on the fact of the absence of heirs confirmed by evidence or their failure to accept the inheritance. The lack of such information prevents the satisfaction of the application for recognition of the inheritance as escheat.
{"title":"Procedural Aspects of the Recognition of Inheritance as Escheat","authors":"Nadiia BONDARENKO-ZELINSKA, Maryna Boryslavska, O. Trach","doi":"10.37491/unz.87.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.87.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article aims to analyse the procedural aspects of recognizing the inheritance as escheat, primarily the content of the application for recognition of the inheritance as escheat, the peculiarities of submitting it to the court (including the issue of jurisdiction) and the availability of conditions for opening proceedings in the case. It is established that an obligatory element of the legal composition, which should exist at the time of the applicant’s request with a properly completed statement to the court, is the completion of the annual period from the moment the inheritance is opened. The peculiarities of determining the place of discovery of the inheritance are analysed if the last place of residence of the testator was the territory of another country or the temporarily occupied territories of Ukraine. The need to extend to cases on the recognition of inheritance as escheat the rules of exclusive jurisdiction and make appropriate changes to civil procedure legislation are proved. The need to provide the court with the authority to request information necessary for the implementation of justice from the Unified State Demographic Register is justified. It is proposed to set in the legislation of Ukraine opportunities for providing information from the Unified State Demographic Register at no cost. The right to access information from the specified register should be guaranteed to applicants in cases of recognition of inheritance as escheat. Among such persons should be both local governments and other applicants. It is found out that such information is necessary to establish and search for possible heirs, on which the content of the decision made by the court in the case of recognizing the inheritance as escheat depends. The issue of informing the testator’s creditors about the owners of the property, which is recognized as an embezzlement in the event of the acquisition of such property by several territorial communities, is investigated. The need to exempt all applicants in the investigated category of cases in all courts from paying the court fee for filing an application for recognition of inheritance as escheat is proven. The legal consequences of the application for recognition of an inheritance as escheat before the expiration of the period of one year from the date of the opening of the inheritance and after the expiration of such a period are analysed. It is established that the content of the court decision in the case of recognizing the inheritance as escheat depends on the fact of the absence of heirs confirmed by evidence or their failure to accept the inheritance. The lack of such information prevents the satisfaction of the application for recognition of the inheritance as escheat.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123450585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The current direction in the field of health care reform in Ukraine, such as the development of public health at the regional level, is considered. Aspects of public health reform in Ukraine are explored in the article. Peculiarities of public health development at the regional level on the example of development and implementation of the communication strategy of the Sumy Regional Council «Regional Clinical Medical Centre for Socially Dangerous Diseases» are studied. The analysis identifies some problems in this area and develops measures to improve the next steps in advocacy and public health promotion at the community level. Comprehensive measures to improve the preparation and implementation of communication strategies in public health at the regional level in Ukraine are justified. In particular, new approaches are proposed, such as improving regulatory policy procedures and developing public strategies, programs and projects for public health based on digital technologies; population research and surveys; institutionalization of the use of research evidence in health decision-making; education and enlightenment of the population, including the development for this purpose of special applications, games, health programs; promoting knowledge sharing; clustering in the field of public health, including the creation of formal integrated structures; use of social media to prevent disease and healthy living; providing access to advanced knowledge, including the use of foreign language resources; protection of intellectual property rights; ensuring the confidentiality and security of people's data; ethics of digital interaction. It is established that in general the principles for the development of public health are formed in Ukraine. The Centre for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine should be appointed the main coordinator in the process of further such development. It is recommended to strengthen the interaction of the Centre with the regions, which will allow the systematic implementation of a culture of health. At the same time, due attention should be paid to measures to prevent disease and create a favourable living environment. To this end, the financial and institutional capacity of the Centre should certainly be strengthened. In addition to health outcomes, this approach will significantly contribute to the implementation of agreements under the Association Agreement with the European Union. It is proved that with the help of public policy instruments in the field of public health, the culture of health in the cities and regions of Ukraine is formed as a multifaceted concept.
{"title":"Communication Strategy as a Direction of Public Health Development at the Regional Level","authors":"O. Demikhov","doi":"10.37491/unz.87.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.87.7","url":null,"abstract":"The current direction in the field of health care reform in Ukraine, such as the development of public health at the regional level, is considered. Aspects of public health reform in Ukraine are explored in the article. Peculiarities of public health development at the regional level on the example of development and implementation of the communication strategy of the Sumy Regional Council «Regional Clinical Medical Centre for Socially Dangerous Diseases» are studied. The analysis identifies some problems in this area and develops measures to improve the next steps in advocacy and public health promotion at the community level. Comprehensive measures to improve the preparation and implementation of communication strategies in public health at the regional level in Ukraine are justified. In particular, new approaches are proposed, such as improving regulatory policy procedures and developing public strategies, programs and projects for public health based on digital technologies; population research and surveys; institutionalization of the use of research evidence in health decision-making; education and enlightenment of the population, including the development for this purpose of special applications, games, health programs; promoting knowledge sharing; clustering in the field of public health, including the creation of formal integrated structures; use of social media to prevent disease and healthy living; providing access to advanced knowledge, including the use of foreign language resources; protection of intellectual property rights; ensuring the confidentiality and security of people's data; ethics of digital interaction. It is established that in general the principles for the development of public health are formed in Ukraine. The Centre for Public Health of the Ministry of Health of Ukraine should be appointed the main coordinator in the process of further such development. It is recommended to strengthen the interaction of the Centre with the regions, which will allow the systematic implementation of a culture of health. At the same time, due attention should be paid to measures to prevent disease and create a favourable living environment. To this end, the financial and institutional capacity of the Centre should certainly be strengthened. In addition to health outcomes, this approach will significantly contribute to the implementation of agreements under the Association Agreement with the European Union. It is proved that with the help of public policy instruments in the field of public health, the culture of health in the cities and regions of Ukraine is formed as a multifaceted concept.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114406835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article substantiates that the exhaustibility of energy resources, their non-renewability has a negative impact on energy-intensive economies. The author proves that the energy sector of the state, as a key aspect of innovative development, is a powerful tool of geopolitical influence and change the balance of power in the context of protecting the national interests of the state in the implementation of foreign policy. It is established that industrialized countries (Germany, Great Britain, etc.) are characterized by GDP growth without increasing (while reducing) the use of energy resources. It is studied that ensuring US energy security should be based on a number of principles, including the principle of diversification of supplies; the principle of stability; the principle of integration of countries in order to ensure a stable supply of oil and the principle of efficiency in obtaining important information. It is determined that the government of the People’s Republic of China, along with a balanced state policy in the energy sector, actively involves local authorities in the implementation of national energy and investment projects. In the study of this issue, it is found that Germany is characterized by the priority of using alternative fuels, biofuels and a gradual increase in the share of renewable energy sources in the energy sector. And the basis of France’s energy security is nuclear energy and the active introduction of environmentally friendly technologies. The author considers the key advantages and disadvantages for Ukraine from membership in ENTSO-E. It is noted that in order to increase the efficiency of the energy sector and, consequently, the energy security of the state should consider the feasibility and effectiveness of the main areas of energy reform that can be applied, including restructuring, privatization of energy companies and liberalization (significant weakening of state regulation). The analysis of foreign experience in ensuring the energy security of the state makes it possible to identify a number of key areas of decarbonisation in order to make changes in the formation and implementation of state policy in the energy sector in Ukraine.
{"title":"Implementation of Foreign Experience in Ensuring Energy Security of the State in the Framework of Improving Ukraine’s Energy Policy","authors":"Vladyslav Kuz","doi":"10.37491/unz.87.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.87.9","url":null,"abstract":"The article substantiates that the exhaustibility of energy resources, their non-renewability has a negative impact on energy-intensive economies. The author proves that the energy sector of the state, as a key aspect of innovative development, is a powerful tool of geopolitical influence and change the balance of power in the context of protecting the national interests of the state in the implementation of foreign policy. It is established that industrialized countries (Germany, Great Britain, etc.) are characterized by GDP growth without increasing (while reducing) the use of energy resources. It is studied that ensuring US energy security should be based on a number of principles, including the principle of diversification of supplies; the principle of stability; the principle of integration of countries in order to ensure a stable supply of oil and the principle of efficiency in obtaining important information. It is determined that the government of the People’s Republic of China, along with a balanced state policy in the energy sector, actively involves local authorities in the implementation of national energy and investment projects. In the study of this issue, it is found that Germany is characterized by the priority of using alternative fuels, biofuels and a gradual increase in the share of renewable energy sources in the energy sector. And the basis of France’s energy security is nuclear energy and the active introduction of environmentally friendly technologies. The author considers the key advantages and disadvantages for Ukraine from membership in ENTSO-E. It is noted that in order to increase the efficiency of the energy sector and, consequently, the energy security of the state should consider the feasibility and effectiveness of the main areas of energy reform that can be applied, including restructuring, privatization of energy companies and liberalization (significant weakening of state regulation). The analysis of foreign experience in ensuring the energy security of the state makes it possible to identify a number of key areas of decarbonisation in order to make changes in the formation and implementation of state policy in the energy sector in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128292990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The scientific research states that changes in Ukraine, both in the economy and in politics, actively affect the process of producing new relationships in the formation of modern relations of public administration with public institutions (associations). Further, the study highlights that the steady relationship between public authorities and society is evidence and guarantee of social and legal stability and state development because the current problems in Ukraine cannot be solved without the full assistance of society. Simultaneously, this spreads to the civil society institutions. The paper investigates the civil society institution’s functions in preventing corruption offenses in public authorities. The research offers proposals for solving a range of theoretical and practical assignments that are supposed to prevent the committing corruption offenses by civil servants. Moreover, the research emphasizes that the necessity for careful analysis of current problems of identification of public institutions through the prism of authorized bodies for corruption offenses prevention is motivated by several factors. Dominant is the low level of effectiveness of domestic measures to prevent corruption, as evidenced by the permanent increase in the number of corruption offenses and considerable anti-corruption potential of society, the full implementation of which is impossible without updating existing legislation. The article implements a comprehensive and systematic study of existing international experience in preventing corruption through the functioning of civil society institutions, outlines the main gaps in the modern legal dimension of these institutions’ functioning, and develops ways to overcome these problems by implementing foreign experience. The article highlights that the current state of scientific research, which is dedicated to the study of factors that prevent the effectiveness and success of the professional functioning of civil society institutions, is characterized by considerable invariance and sometimes contains contradictory doctrines. As a result, the study confirms that it is crucial to eliminate existing gaps in administrative and legal dimensions and identify methods and means of implementing functions to create a comprehensive and effective mechanism for implementing best international practices into professional activities of civil society institutions.
{"title":"International Experience of Involvement of Civil Society Institutions to the process of Prevention of Corruption in Ukraine","authors":"Z. Kisil","doi":"10.37491/unz.87.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.87.3","url":null,"abstract":"The scientific research states that changes in Ukraine, both in the economy and in politics, actively affect the process of producing new relationships in the formation of modern relations of public administration with public institutions (associations). Further, the study highlights that the steady relationship between public authorities and society is evidence and guarantee of social and legal stability and state development because the current problems in Ukraine cannot be solved without the full assistance of society. Simultaneously, this spreads to the civil society institutions. The paper investigates the civil society institution’s functions in preventing corruption offenses in public authorities. The research offers proposals for solving a range of theoretical and practical assignments that are supposed to prevent the committing corruption offenses by civil servants. Moreover, the research emphasizes that the necessity for careful analysis of current problems of identification of public institutions through the prism of authorized bodies for corruption offenses prevention is motivated by several factors. Dominant is the low level of effectiveness of domestic measures to prevent corruption, as evidenced by the permanent increase in the number of corruption offenses and considerable anti-corruption potential of society, the full implementation of which is impossible without updating existing legislation. The article implements a comprehensive and systematic study of existing international experience in preventing corruption through the functioning of civil society institutions, outlines the main gaps in the modern legal dimension of these institutions’ functioning, and develops ways to overcome these problems by implementing foreign experience. The article highlights that the current state of scientific research, which is dedicated to the study of factors that prevent the effectiveness and success of the professional functioning of civil society institutions, is characterized by considerable invariance and sometimes contains contradictory doctrines. As a result, the study confirms that it is crucial to eliminate existing gaps in administrative and legal dimensions and identify methods and means of implementing functions to create a comprehensive and effective mechanism for implementing best international practices into professional activities of civil society institutions.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123248765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An important component of the state organizational and economic mechanism to promote high-tech production is the presence of a well-established system of strategic planning, which helps to determine the trajectory of long-term changes in technological competitiveness. Creating an effective policy framework in the field of science, technology and innovation (STI), its planning is an important element of a sustainable policy system. Roadmaps, on the basis of which development strategies and plans for achieving the set goals are developed, are a modern tool of strategic planning, in particular in the field of STI. From the point of view of economic and social management, the technological foresight, as an element of the roadmap, provides the basis for the decision-making process on science and innovation by identifying key long-term prospects for science, technology, innovation and long-term investment in STI. Foresight outlines future priorities for science and innovation, focusing on various aspects of projected change. Prediction is not the same as forecasting. While forecasting tries to predict a single «correct» version of the future, Forsythe uses several alternative plausible futures based on their usefulness to develop sound, forward-looking policies. The object of research of this work is the roadmap of science, technology, innovation (STI), as a tool for strategic planning in the field of STI; subject — foresight research. The main purpose of this work is to study the structure of the STI roadmap and the place of foresight research in it, to develop recommendations for integrating the results of the national technological foresight in the regulatory field of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the article presents the stages of road map development, outlines the place of Foresight in it, presents a brief methodology and the results of foresight research conducted in Ukraine in 2021. These results represent new priority areas for the development of science, technology, innovation, which will be approved by the Law of Ukraine and the basis of plans for STI contributions to the Development Strategies of various sectors of Ukraine and for the Sustainable Development Goals.
{"title":"Foresight Research as а Strategic Planning Component","authors":"T. Kvasha","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.15","url":null,"abstract":"An important component of the state organizational and economic mechanism to promote high-tech production is the presence of a well-established system of strategic planning, which helps to determine the trajectory of long-term changes in technological competitiveness. Creating an effective policy framework in the field of science, technology and innovation (STI), its planning is an important element of a sustainable policy system. Roadmaps, on the basis of which development strategies and plans for achieving the set goals are developed, are a modern tool of strategic planning, in particular in the field of STI. From the point of view of economic and social management, the technological foresight, as an element of the roadmap, provides the basis for the decision-making process on science and innovation by identifying key long-term prospects for science, technology, innovation and long-term investment in STI. Foresight outlines future priorities for science and innovation, focusing on various aspects of projected change. Prediction is not the same as forecasting. While forecasting tries to predict a single «correct» version of the future, Forsythe uses several alternative plausible futures based on their usefulness to develop sound, forward-looking policies. The object of research of this work is the roadmap of science, technology, innovation (STI), as a tool for strategic planning in the field of STI; subject — foresight research. The main purpose of this work is to study the structure of the STI roadmap and the place of foresight research in it, to develop recommendations for integrating the results of the national technological foresight in the regulatory field of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the article presents the stages of road map development, outlines the place of Foresight in it, presents a brief methodology and the results of foresight research conducted in Ukraine in 2021. These results represent new priority areas for the development of science, technology, innovation, which will be approved by the Law of Ukraine and the basis of plans for STI contributions to the Development Strategies of various sectors of Ukraine and for the Sustainable Development Goals.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125426517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article considers the issues of de-shadowing of investment agreements on the capital market, in particular, on the stock market of Ukraine. Peculiarities of investing in securities as financial assets and making financial investments with the use of securities are determined. Capital markets can develop as investment-attractive systems. Common schemes of non-transparent investment in the capital market of Ukraine are revealed — the use of securities to avoid taxation or the so-called «tax optimization» of business transactions and withdrawal of capital outside Ukraine; manipulation of the price of stock assets and the use of insider information in securities trading; issue and formation of authorized capital at the expense of technical securities; raider seizure of securities of enterprises with the use of illegal change of owners. The causal factor in the reproduction of the shadowing of capital is the existing economic and organizational and legal reasons that distinguish business in one, on the other — there are such motives as greed, the desire to get rich quick, the accumulation of initial capital by any means. This is the irrational investment behaviour of households and corporations. It has been determined that securities fraud is a common crime in the stock market. Fraud in securities is manifested in criminal offenses and civil law violations of shareholders’ rights. Insufficient efficiency of regulatory institutions to combat the shadow economy is one of the reasons for the spread of the latter. The growing role of state preventive regulation in levelling the risks of shadow capital turnover is revealed and substantiated. It is substantiated that the state, represented by regulatory authorities, should have expanded institutional and instrumental capabilities to prevent risks of financial destabilization. Such opportunities are achieved both by increasing the financial literacy of investors and prudent precautionary regulatory action. Foreign experience of de-shadowing the capital market and combating economic crime is analysed. It is determined that in foreign countries much attention is paid to de-shadowing the economy and combating economic crime. Significant work in this direction is preventive in nature. Thus the system of prevention of fictitious economic activity consists of the following structures: police bodies; specialized law enforcement agencies; tax services; customs services; financial intelligence agencies. Reducing the level of shadowing of the capital market of Ukraine will increase its investment attractiveness. This will have such positive consequences as: increasing the capitalization of professional stock market participants (institutional investors) and increasing their financial stability by increasing the size of authorized capital, increasing the market price of freely traded securities («free-float»); achievement / excess of the actual solvency margin over the previous settlement. Protected and legitimate
{"title":"Investment Attractiveness of Capital Markets: Trends in De-Shadowing Business Deals","authors":"V. Korneev","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.2","url":null,"abstract":"The article considers the issues of de-shadowing of investment agreements on the capital market, in particular, on the stock market of Ukraine. Peculiarities of investing in securities as financial assets and making financial investments with the use of securities are determined. Capital markets can develop as investment-attractive systems. Common schemes of non-transparent investment in the capital market of Ukraine are revealed — the use of securities to avoid taxation or the so-called «tax optimization» of business transactions and withdrawal of capital outside Ukraine; manipulation of the price of stock assets and the use of insider information in securities trading; issue and formation of authorized capital at the expense of technical securities; raider seizure of securities of enterprises with the use of illegal change of owners. The causal factor in the reproduction of the shadowing of capital is the existing economic and organizational and legal reasons that distinguish business in one, on the other — there are such motives as greed, the desire to get rich quick, the accumulation of initial capital by any means. This is the irrational investment behaviour of households and corporations. It has been determined that securities fraud is a common crime in the stock market. Fraud in securities is manifested in criminal offenses and civil law violations of shareholders’ rights. Insufficient efficiency of regulatory institutions to combat the shadow economy is one of the reasons for the spread of the latter. The growing role of state preventive regulation in levelling the risks of shadow capital turnover is revealed and substantiated. It is substantiated that the state, represented by regulatory authorities, should have expanded institutional and instrumental capabilities to prevent risks of financial destabilization. Such opportunities are achieved both by increasing the financial literacy of investors and prudent precautionary regulatory action. Foreign experience of de-shadowing the capital market and combating economic crime is analysed. It is determined that in foreign countries much attention is paid to de-shadowing the economy and combating economic crime. Significant work in this direction is preventive in nature. Thus the system of prevention of fictitious economic activity consists of the following structures: police bodies; specialized law enforcement agencies; tax services; customs services; financial intelligence agencies. Reducing the level of shadowing of the capital market of Ukraine will increase its investment attractiveness. This will have such positive consequences as: increasing the capitalization of professional stock market participants (institutional investors) and increasing their financial stability by increasing the size of authorized capital, increasing the market price of freely traded securities («free-float»); achievement / excess of the actual solvency margin over the previous settlement. Protected and legitimate ","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124057335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article, based on the results of the assessment of trends in the main socio-economic indicators, shows the role of rural areas in the economy of Ukraine and systematizes the factors that hinder their further effective development. The expediency of introducing an inclusive approach to rural development in the context of decentralization of power is substantiated. Based on the main provisions of the concept of inclusive development and the peculiarities of its manifestation at the level of rural areas, the meaning of the concept of «inclusive rural development» is revealed. The inconsistency of the development of rural settlements with the criteria of «inclusiveness» and their significant lag behind the level of development of urban areas has been established. The use of state social standards as a basis for determining the criteria for inclusive rural development is proposed. The main tools for the management of inclusive development of rural areas are systematized, the peculiarities of their use in the context of ensuring the implementation of the priority tasks identified in the National Economic Strategy are shown and recommendations for their improvement are formulated. In particular, it is proposed to amend the current legislation in order to consolidate the powers of local governments to ensure local development based on an inclusive approach. The necessity of adopting the Concept of Inclusive Rural Development at the state level with the definition of relevant criteria, tools and implementation mechanisms responsible for the results of the inclusive approach introduction as well as the coordination of tasks of strategic and current planning documents related to rural development on an inclusive basis is substantiated. The role of planning as the main tool for implementing an inclusive approach to rural development is revealed. The development of unified methodological recommendations for use in the process of rural development planning by specialists of local self-government bodies is proposed. Emphasis is placed on the need to monitor the development of rural areas by key indicators which will serve as a tool to prevent the growth of socio-economic disparities in rural areas. Recommendations are given on the areas of increasing the financial capacity of rural areas through more active stimulation of business development, including non-agricultural activities, as well as through direct access to financial services markets. The decisive role of staffing of local self-government bodies in the implementation of the effective policy of inclusive rural development is emphasized and proposals on the basic directions of training specialists-practitioners in modern conditions are provided.
{"title":"Inclusive Development of Rural Areas in the Context of Decentralization of Power: Problems and Priorities","authors":"O. Tyshchenko","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.11","url":null,"abstract":"The article, based on the results of the assessment of trends in the main socio-economic indicators, shows the role of rural areas in the economy of Ukraine and systematizes the factors that hinder their further effective development. The expediency of introducing an inclusive approach to rural development in the context of decentralization of power is substantiated. Based on the main provisions of the concept of inclusive development and the peculiarities of its manifestation at the level of rural areas, the meaning of the concept of «inclusive rural development» is revealed. The inconsistency of the development of rural settlements with the criteria of «inclusiveness» and their significant lag behind the level of development of urban areas has been established. The use of state social standards as a basis for determining the criteria for inclusive rural development is proposed. The main tools for the management of inclusive development of rural areas are systematized, the peculiarities of their use in the context of ensuring the implementation of the priority tasks identified in the National Economic Strategy are shown and recommendations for their improvement are formulated. In particular, it is proposed to amend the current legislation in order to consolidate the powers of local governments to ensure local development based on an inclusive approach. The necessity of adopting the Concept of Inclusive Rural Development at the state level with the definition of relevant criteria, tools and implementation mechanisms responsible for the results of the inclusive approach introduction as well as the coordination of tasks of strategic and current planning documents related to rural development on an inclusive basis is substantiated. The role of planning as the main tool for implementing an inclusive approach to rural development is revealed. The development of unified methodological recommendations for use in the process of rural development planning by specialists of local self-government bodies is proposed. Emphasis is placed on the need to monitor the development of rural areas by key indicators which will serve as a tool to prevent the growth of socio-economic disparities in rural areas. Recommendations are given on the areas of increasing the financial capacity of rural areas through more active stimulation of business development, including non-agricultural activities, as well as through direct access to financial services markets. The decisive role of staffing of local self-government bodies in the implementation of the effective policy of inclusive rural development is emphasized and proposals on the basic directions of training specialists-practitioners in modern conditions are provided.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is devoted to an important problem — to critical analysis of procedures for measuring complex socio-economic processes. Indicators, methods, approaches to measuring socio-economic dynamics require constant improvement of procedures and are the subject of numerous studies by scientists from different countries of the world and by the leading international organizations. This issue has become particularly relevant in recent decades with the advent of so-called complex indicators (CI), which, according to their authors, generalize certain aspects of socio-economic development. This opens the way to move from an array of indicators that have different dimensions to more acceptable «one-dimensional» indicators, which are more acceptable for high-ranking managers. Over the past two decades, the number of such comprehensive indicators has steadily increased and reached several hundred. The purpose of the article is to identify trends in approaches to assessing socio-economic development based on the utilisation of complex indicators, analyze their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with «traditional» approaches, and provide recommendations for a possible combination of these approaches. Research methods: meaningful retrospective analysis of the use of various development indicators, generalization of scientific sources of information, synthesis and comparison of «individual» indicators used in complex indicators. Source base: data on the use of comprehensive indicators for different countries of the world, regulatory framework for evaluating scientific institutions, publications of domestic and foreign specialists and international organizations. Four problem areas that cause the emergence of objective difficulties are identified: the choice and presentation of primary indicators that become the basis for building CI; the issues of reliability and the possibility of comparing data (different definitions for similar phenomena or different content of the same concepts when used in different countries); the use of methods of convolution and calculation of points; analysis of the stability of the results obtained. Based on the analysis of specific complex indicators, it is shown that emerging problems are not always solved rationally. In fact, composition of some CIs leads to manipulation with the final results in the interests of certain political organizations and (or) individual countries. Conclusions are drawn about specific bias in the procedures for forming individual CI. To «correct» the data obtained with CI implementation, it is proposed to use traditional statistical indicators along with complex indicators, as these ‘traditional’ indicators have certain advantages over CI in many cases. It is also recommended to pay more attention to the processes of CI formation in order to reduce opportunities for manipulation and obtain more objective results.
{"title":"Complex Indicators in Socio-Economic Studies: Advantages and Disadvantages","authors":"I. Yegorov","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.16","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to an important problem — to critical analysis of procedures for measuring complex socio-economic processes. Indicators, methods, approaches to measuring socio-economic dynamics require constant improvement of procedures and are the subject of numerous studies by scientists from different countries of the world and by the leading international organizations. This issue has become particularly relevant in recent decades with the advent of so-called complex indicators (CI), which, according to their authors, generalize certain aspects of socio-economic development. This opens the way to move from an array of indicators that have different dimensions to more acceptable «one-dimensional» indicators, which are more acceptable for high-ranking managers. Over the past two decades, the number of such comprehensive indicators has steadily increased and reached several hundred. The purpose of the article is to identify trends in approaches to assessing socio-economic development based on the utilisation of complex indicators, analyze their advantages and disadvantages in comparison with «traditional» approaches, and provide recommendations for a possible combination of these approaches. Research methods: meaningful retrospective analysis of the use of various development indicators, generalization of scientific sources of information, synthesis and comparison of «individual» indicators used in complex indicators. Source base: data on the use of comprehensive indicators for different countries of the world, regulatory framework for evaluating scientific institutions, publications of domestic and foreign specialists and international organizations. Four problem areas that cause the emergence of objective difficulties are identified: the choice and presentation of primary indicators that become the basis for building CI; the issues of reliability and the possibility of comparing data (different definitions for similar phenomena or different content of the same concepts when used in different countries); the use of methods of convolution and calculation of points; analysis of the stability of the results obtained. Based on the analysis of specific complex indicators, it is shown that emerging problems are not always solved rationally. In fact, composition of some CIs leads to manipulation with the final results in the interests of certain political organizations and (or) individual countries. Conclusions are drawn about specific bias in the procedures for forming individual CI. To «correct» the data obtained with CI implementation, it is proposed to use traditional statistical indicators along with complex indicators, as these ‘traditional’ indicators have certain advantages over CI in many cases. It is also recommended to pay more attention to the processes of CI formation in order to reduce opportunities for manipulation and obtain more objective results.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129935946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study deals with identifying global trends in scientific research on the problems of the «new economy», generalizing the existing variety of directions and aspects of its research, highlighting priority areas for further scientific research. The research is based on a bibliometric analysis of publications indexed in the scientific-metric Scopus database using bibliometric methods and VOSviwer.com. The study made it possible to carry out a dynamic and structural analysis of publication activity in the «new economy» area, identify the most frequently used keywords, identify and visualize the strength of their relationships in general for 1996–2021, as well as in the context of each 5-year period within general research period. On this basis, the subject area of 6 clusters of scientific research has been identified and described: «Sustainable Development», «Human», «Competitiveness», «Information Technology», «Internet» and «Innovation». A new visual-symbolic approach to analyzing the activity of using individual keywords was proposed, which made it possible to trace the dynamics of scientific interest in certain areas of research, to distinguish groups of words by the criterion of the number and dynamics of connections («Stable leaders», «Growing leaders», «Stable average», «Stable base», «Diminishing interest», «Questionable», «New stars», «New base»). Thus, it was possible not only to form the terminological basis of the bibliographic field of the «new economy» problem, but also to substantiate new priority directions (aspects) of research for the development. The New Stars group includes research related to the following keywords: economic and financial decline, excellence, productivity, and tangible assets. This shows the transition to a realistic assessment of the consequences of the new economy, the study of its inherent problems and contradictions. The greatest scientific interest was found in aspects of research related to such key words as: higher education, industry 4.0, international trade, sharing economy (economy of collaborative consumption or economy of exchanges), tourism, urban planning.
{"title":"New Economy: Substantive Characteristics and Directions of Research","authors":"Larysa Ligonenko","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.10","url":null,"abstract":"The study deals with identifying global trends in scientific research on the problems of the «new economy», generalizing the existing variety of directions and aspects of its research, highlighting priority areas for further scientific research. The research is based on a bibliometric analysis of publications indexed in the scientific-metric Scopus database using bibliometric methods and VOSviwer.com. The study made it possible to carry out a dynamic and structural analysis of publication activity in the «new economy» area, identify the most frequently used keywords, identify and visualize the strength of their relationships in general for 1996–2021, as well as in the context of each 5-year period within general research period. On this basis, the subject area of 6 clusters of scientific research has been identified and described: «Sustainable Development», «Human», «Competitiveness», «Information Technology», «Internet» and «Innovation». A new visual-symbolic approach to analyzing the activity of using individual keywords was proposed, which made it possible to trace the dynamics of scientific interest in certain areas of research, to distinguish groups of words by the criterion of the number and dynamics of connections («Stable leaders», «Growing leaders», «Stable average», «Stable base», «Diminishing interest», «Questionable», «New stars», «New base»). Thus, it was possible not only to form the terminological basis of the bibliographic field of the «new economy» problem, but also to substantiate new priority directions (aspects) of research for the development. The New Stars group includes research related to the following keywords: economic and financial decline, excellence, productivity, and tangible assets. This shows the transition to a realistic assessment of the consequences of the new economy, the study of its inherent problems and contradictions. The greatest scientific interest was found in aspects of research related to such key words as: higher education, industry 4.0, international trade, sharing economy (economy of collaborative consumption or economy of exchanges), tourism, urban planning.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128922590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Socio-economic problems of regional development in Ukraine necessitate attention to the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. Modern scholars in the field of public administration pay special attention to the study of the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. However, the issues of improving the mechanisms of the state regional socio-economic policy remain insufficiently researched. Theoretical principles of the state regional social and economic policy, its mechanisms and directions of their improvement are investigated. It is noted that in modern conditions the state is engaged in socio-economic sphere at the regional level to stimulate effective development of productive forces of regions, rational use of resources, ensuring a high standard of living, environmental security and improving the territorial organization of society. Socio-economic transformations that have taken place in recent years in Ukraine indicate the need to improve the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. Lack of interconnected regulatory framework through which the state would consistently influence regional socio-economic development, imperfection of organizational, economic and information support of state regional socio-economic policy in Ukraine leads to the construction of a comprehensive mechanism of state regional socio-economic policy, which should be aimed at ensuring the achievement of the objectives of such a policy, to increase its effectiveness. In the context of modern global challenges, special attention should be paid to the strategic approach to the state regional socio-economic policy in Ukraine.
{"title":"Mechanisms of State Regional Socio-Economic Policy in Ukraine","authors":"K. Pastukh","doi":"10.37491/unz.85-86.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37491/unz.85-86.14","url":null,"abstract":"Socio-economic problems of regional development in Ukraine necessitate attention to the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. Modern scholars in the field of public administration pay special attention to the study of the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. However, the issues of improving the mechanisms of the state regional socio-economic policy remain insufficiently researched. Theoretical principles of the state regional social and economic policy, its mechanisms and directions of their improvement are investigated. It is noted that in modern conditions the state is engaged in socio-economic sphere at the regional level to stimulate effective development of productive forces of regions, rational use of resources, ensuring a high standard of living, environmental security and improving the territorial organization of society. Socio-economic transformations that have taken place in recent years in Ukraine indicate the need to improve the mechanisms of state regional socio-economic policy. Lack of interconnected regulatory framework through which the state would consistently influence regional socio-economic development, imperfection of organizational, economic and information support of state regional socio-economic policy in Ukraine leads to the construction of a comprehensive mechanism of state regional socio-economic policy, which should be aimed at ensuring the achievement of the objectives of such a policy, to increase its effectiveness. In the context of modern global challenges, special attention should be paid to the strategic approach to the state regional socio-economic policy in Ukraine.","PeriodicalId":106913,"journal":{"name":"University Scientific Notes","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126060122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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