Clinical Nuclear Medicine最新文献

Abstract: Primary extraosseous Ewing sarcoma of the nasal cavity is rare. A 17-year-old man underwent 18 F-FDG and 68 Ga-FAPI-04 PET/CT for a nasal mass. The mass showed avid FDG uptake but weak FAPI uptake. Endoscopic endonasal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma.

Abstract: A 72-year-old man with advanced locally invasive basal cell carcinoma of the forehead failed several pretreatments including surgery and radiation. MRI was not feasible because of the presence of facial implants. CT scan did not provide clear evidence of vital/avital tumor sites as a result of slow progression and previous radiation treatments. Due to limited treatment options, the patient underwent evaluation with 68 Ga-OncoFAP PET/CT for potential stereotactic body radiation therapy. We present a rare case of advanced and metastasized basal cell carcinoma with vigorous FAP (fibroblast activation protein) expression.

Abstract: A 78-year-old woman was diagnosed having unresectable tongue cancer 6 months ago, for which she received radiation therapy. She was on enteral nutrition for more than 2 months due to dysphagia and underwent an 18 F-FDG PET/CT for restaging. The images showed uptake in a left cervical node. In addition, there was a focal uptake in the descending colon corresponding to a foreign body in its anterior wall, which was removed by colonoscopy.

Abstract: Candida infections have become a growing concern to the immunocompromised patients with cancer. We report a case of liver abscess causing Candida tropicalis candidemia in an immunocompromised patient with pancreatic head cancer on 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT. A 77-year-old man had a history of 10-year duration of uncontrolled diabetes, the presence of neutropenia, immunocompromised condition, and the progression of pancreatic cancer despite the 14 cycles of chemotherapy and palliative radiotherapy. After 3 weeks of radiotherapy, he presented with fever and elevated CRP level. 68 Ga-FAPI PET/CT scan showed new intense uptake in the liver, and 2 pairs of blood culture revealed C. tropicalis.

Abstract: We report FDG PET/CT findings of fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma coincidence with para-aortic paraganglioma in a 27-year-old man. He presented with painless gross hematuria for 3 days. CT identified an enhancing lesion in the left kidney, suggestive of a tumor. 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging showed the mass with high FDG uptake. An adjacent FDG-avid nodule was also noted. Postoperative pathology supported a diagnosis of fumarate hydratase-deficient renal cell carcinoma of the left kidney mass, and the adjacent nodule was paraganglioma.

Abstract: A 30-year-old man with a 5-month history of lumbar pain was hospitalized due to worsening pain and restricted mobility. CT and MRI scans indicated multiple vertebral destructions, prompting further assessment with 18 F-FDG PET/CT. PET/CT imaging showed widespread and avid 18 F-FDG uptake in the bones, mainly in the vertebrae. No other suspicious lesions were detected. Pathology subsequently confirmed the presence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis . This case illustrates 18 F-FDG PET/CT imaging of osseous tuberculosis, characterized by widespread 18 F-FDG accumulation without pulmonary tuberculosis.

Abstract: Splenic papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma is extremely rare. We describe FDG PET/CT and MRI findings of splenic papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma in a young adult. The splenic tumor showed hypodensity and increased FDG uptake with SUV max of 4 on PET/CT, heterogeneous signal intensity with internal hypointense stellate scars on T2-weighted image, and progressive centripetal enhancement on dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images. This case indicates that papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma should be included in the differential diagnosis of FDG-avid splenic lesions.

Abstract: A 27-year-old woman underwent 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT for primary aldosteronism localization and characterization. No functional adrenal nodules were detected by 68 Ga-pentixafor PET/CT, whereas a hypodense nodule with focal pentixafor uptake was incidentally discovered in the head of pancreas. Retrospective analysis of contrast-enhanced CT scan revealed a subtly enhancing nodule devoid of calcification in the pancreatic head. Pancreatic cancer cannot be excluded. 18 F-FDG PET/CT was suggested, and the scan showed an FDG-avid lesion in the same region. Needle biopsy was performed, and the pathological result is solid pseudopapillary tumor, a rare pancreatic tumor of low malignant potential.

Background: Fertility is the crucial concern for many survivors of cancer diagnosed as children, adolescents, and young adults. The objective of this study was to determine the risk of infertility in reproductive-age patients with thyroid cancer receiving or not receiving radioiodine treatment in Taiwan.

Methods: This nationwide population-based cohort study was conducted using data obtained from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Database from 2009 to 2019. A total of 20,259 thyroid cancer patients aged from 15 to 50 years (8037 did not receive 131I treatment, and 12,222 received 131I treatment) and 20,259 controls were enrolled. A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to estimate the risk of infertility in thyroid cancer patients receiving or not receiving 131I treatment in terms of hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals.

Results: The incidence rates of infertility in thyroid cancer receiving 131I therapy, those not receiving 131I therapy, and controls were 5.55, 5.07, and 3.61 per 1000 person-years, respectively. Compared with thyroid cancer patients treated with a cumulative 131I dose of 4.44 GBq or less, the risk of infertility was not significantly increased in those treated with a cumulative 131I dose of more than 4.44 GBq (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.13; 95% confidence interval, 0.95-1.36).

Conclusions: The greatest increased risk of infertility in reproductive-age patients with thyroid cancer is associated with the fact that the patient has thyroid cancer regardless of 131I administration. 131I treatment or cumulative dose of 131I greater than 4.44 GBq did not further increase the risk of infertility.

Abstract: Extramedullary relapse with involvement of the breasts by acute lymphoblastic leukemia is rare. Herein, we report a case of bilateral breast relapse of acute B-cell lymphoblastic leukemia in a man detected by 18 F-FDG PET/CT. After systematic therapy, follow-up PET/CT showed a complete response of the bilateral breasts and the axillary lymph nodes.