Current Ophthalmology Reports最新文献

{"title":"Changes in the oculas surface after hypotensive surgery","authors":"Аnastasiia V. Аntonova, V. Nikolaenko, V. Brzheskiy, A. Vuks","doi":"10.17816/ov321181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ov321181","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Hundreds of studies are dedicated to the negative effects of glaucoma therapy on the ocular surface. At the same time, the state of the eye surface after successful hypotensive surgery, which resulted in the cessation or significant reduction of medical therapy, has not been studied. \u0000AIM: To identify ocular surface changes after glaucoma surgery. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study group consisted of 475 consecutively enrolled patients who were operated during 20162020 in Saint Petersburg Multidisciplinary City Hospital No. 2 for primary open-angle unstable glaucoma, and then observed for 6 to 24 months. Trabeculectomy (TE) was used as the first hypotensive procedure (418 patients), as re-operation TE (25 patients) or Ahmed valve implantation (32 patients) were chosen. Using statistical methods, the dynamics of symptoms (OSDI) and signs [tear film break-up time (TBUT) and reflex tear production defined by Schirmer I test] depending on outcome (complete or partial success and total failure) were analyzed. \u0000RESULTS: The cessation of the pharmacological load due to the complete success of the surgery was accompanied by pronounced (two-fold) and long (for at least two years) decrease of OSDI scores. The obliged, even partial, return to instillations by patients, who were included into the subgroup of partial success, within six months, transformed the achieved differences into insignificant ones. TBUT at complete and partial success significantly increased at all end-points of the study, significantly differing from the similar indicator in the subgroup total failure. The results of the Schirmer I test against the background of complete success of the operation showed a statistically significant increase, compared to the baseline , delayed for six months, throughout the whole further follow-up period. Patients entering the partial success subgroup in 24 months after surgery, also showed a significant increase in tear secretion. The failure of glaucoma surgery was accompanied by a brief and insignificant improvement in all scores. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: The hypotensive surgery, which lead to complete success, was accompanied by a significant improvement of the ocular surface state. Restart of local therapy reduces achieved results. Failure of surgical treatment is associated with minimal fluctuations of the studied parameters.","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87507642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical efficacy of early vitrectomy in patients with severe blunt ocular trauma","authors":"S. N. Subbotina, S. S. Shamkin, A. Stepanyants","doi":"10.17816/ov116735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ov116735","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND: Eye injury is an actual problem, occupying a leading position among the main causes of blindness and low vision, accounting for 22.8% in the structure of primary visual disability, of which 53% of cases are due to closed eye injury. Despite the development and widespread introduction into practice of methods of high-tech care for patients of this profile, there are a number of complications that poorly respond to treatment, ultimately leading to the loss of visual function of the injured eye. \u0000AIM: Evaluation of the effectiveness of early vitrectomy in patients with severe blunt ocular trauma, based on clinical results obtained during treatment and postoperative follow-up. \u0000MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 34 patients (34 eyes) with contusion-type eye injury. The mean age of patients was 39 years, among them 30 were men (88.24%) and 4 (11.76%) women. Patients were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 included 11 patients (10 men, 1 woman) with an open-type eye injury with a subconjunctival scleral rupture; upon admission, visual acuity varied from incorrect light projection to 0.01. In group 2, there were 23 patients (20 men, 3 women) with severe closed eye injury, upon admission to the hospital, visual acuity ranged from incorrect light projection to 0.06. In all cases, patients underwent subtotal three-port vitrectomy at an early date (up to 3 days) after injury. \u0000RESULTS: On the 1st day after surgery, there was an improvement in visual acuity in all patients. The follow-up period for patients was 6 months. All included patients had a stable anatomical result, no cases of subatrophy were noted, satisfactory functional results were achieved - visual acuity varied from 0.02 to 0.8. After 6 months, 32 out of 34 eyes (94.12%) showed no signs of proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In 2 patients (18.18%) from group 1, the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy under silicone oil was revealed. Epiretinal membrane was diagnosed in 2 patients (8.7%) from group 2 and in 1 patient (9.09%) from group 1. \u0000CONCLUSIONS: Obtained clinical results of treatment of patients with severe blunt ocular trauma indicate the expediency of vitrectomy in early stages after injury, which is an effective treatment method. Long-term results demonstrate stable functional results for 6 months. Vitrectomy performed early after injury serves for prevention of proliferative vitreoretinopathy, but does not completely exclude its development. Performing surgery early after injury increases the prospects for preserving visual functions of the eye and is a positive prognostic factor.","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75165311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endophthalmitis risk factors associates with phacoemulsification (Literature review)","authors":"Tatiana Yu. Bogdanova, A. Kulikov, E. V. Danilenko, Elena N. Kolosovskaya, L. Kraeva","doi":"10.17816/ov104740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ov104740","url":null,"abstract":"The most frequent sources of microbial flora inside the eye are the ocular surface, foci of para-ocular infection of the patient. In vitreous samples from eyes with endophthalmitis microorganisms are revealed that are the saprophytic flora of the ocular surface. It is mainly represented by staphylococci, from which epidermal staphylococcus prevails quantitatively. Immunodeficiency states, diabetes mellitus, terminal liver and kidney diseases increase the risk of endophthalmitis development. Eradication of opportunistic pathogenic flora in the source loci, sanation of para-ocular infection, correction of somatic pathology by profile specialists is more relevant for endophthalmitis prevention. The problem of growing antibiotic resistance should also be considered. Thus, when selecting patients for surgery, one should be guided by the data on antibiotic resistance of the identified flora, pay attention to the presence of para-ocular infection and the systemic somatic status of the patient. This will provide a better vector for the development of recommendations for optimal prophylaxis.","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85080762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern strategy and standards of treatment of lower eyelid skin malignant neoplasms","authors":"A. Polyakov, Dmitry V. Davydov, I. Novikova, A. L. Sugaipov, O. Kuznetsova, Elena A. Naumova","doi":"10.17816/ov114946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17816/ov114946","url":null,"abstract":"Cases of surgical treatment of basal cell skin carcinoma of the lower eyelid are rarely described in the world literature. Perhaps this is due to the search for new non-surgical treatment methods or to the fact that this localization is poorly represented in the total incidence of basal cell skin cancer. However, the operative method, recommended as the main line of treatment by both domestic and foreign clinical recommendations, is still recognized as the most radical and aesthetically acceptable method of treatment. Non-radical treatment of the tumor leads, in turn, to relapses of the disease, to the emergence of systemic metastatic foci due to the lymphogenic and hematogenic spread of tumor cells. In the article we describe the experience of surgical treatment of patients suffering from basal cell skin carcinoma of the lower eyelid of varying degrees of extension.","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82522324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Pharmacological Treatments for Presbyopia","authors":"F. Vejarano, Jorge Alió, R. Iribarren","doi":"10.1007/s40135-023-00307-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40135-023-00307-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43983386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surfing the COVID-19 Tsunami with Teleophthalmology: the Advent of New Models of Eye Care.","authors":"Giselle Ricur,&nbsp;Joshua Reyes,&nbsp;Eduardo Alfonso,&nbsp;Raul Guillermo Marino","doi":"10.1007/s40135-023-00308-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40135-023-00308-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>In this article, we reviewed the impact resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic on the traditional model of care in ophthalmology.</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Though virtual eye care has been present for more than 20 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has established a precedent to seriously consider its role in the evolving paradigm of vision and eye care. New hybrid models of care have enhanced or replaced traditional synchronous and asynchronous visits. The increased use of smart phoneography and mobile applications enhanced the remote examination of patients. Use of e-learning became a mainstream tool to continue accessing education and training.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Teleophthalmology has demonstrated its value for screening, examining, diagnosing, monitoring treatment, and increasing access to education. However, much of the progress made following the COVID-19 pandemic is at risk of being lost as society pushes to reestablish normalcy. Further studies during the new norm are required to prove a more permanent role for virtual eye care.</p>","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9883823/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10717730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A systematic review of acute zonal occult outer retinopathy with a focus on attempted treatment modalities.","authors":"Benjamin R Lin, Jonathan F Russell, Hasenin Al-Khersan, Raquel Goldhardt","doi":"10.1007/s40135-022-00305-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40135-022-00305-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"10 4","pages":"168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9894323/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9236774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Pythium keratitis: a meta-analysis of individual patient data.","authors":"Binh Cao, Vishnu Teja Gonugunta, Naveen Radhakrishnan, Prajna Lalitha, Bharat Gurnani, Kirandeep Kaur, Geetha Iyer, Shweta Agarwal, Bhaskar Srinivasan, Jeremy D Keenan, N Venkatesh Prajna","doi":"10.1007/s40135-022-00302-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40135-022-00302-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pythium keratitis is a difficult-to-treat corneal infection.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meta-analysis of individual patient data from observational studies of Pythium keratitis was performed. The outcomes of interest were therapeutic penetrating keratoplasty (TPK) and globe removal (evisceration, enucleation, or exenteration); the main exposures were linezolid and azithromycin use.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>Of 46 eligible articles, individual patient data were available for 306 eyes (34 studies). Pythium keratitis was associated with high rates of TPK (80%, 95%CI 70-87%) and globe removal (25%, 95%CI 13-43). In multivariable models adjusting for age and country, fewer TPKs were performed in patients treated with azithromycin (RR=0.80, 95%CI 0.67-0.96; <i>P</i>=0.04) and linezolid (RR=0.82, 95%CI 0.67-0.99; <i>P</i>=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Studies of Pythium keratitis reported high rates of TPK and globe removal. Use of azithromycin and linezolid was associated with a lower rate of TPK. While promising, these results should be interpreted with caution given the biases inherent to observational studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"10 4","pages":"198-208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10211475/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9553049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ocular Surface Ion Transport and Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Ethan S Lindgren, Onur Cil, Alan S Verkman, Neel D Pasricha","doi":"10.1007/s40135-022-00295-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40135-022-00295-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>To review the role of ocular surface epithelial (corneal and conjunctival) ion transporters in the pathogenesis and treatment of dry eye disease (DED).</p><p><strong>Recent findings: </strong>Currently, anti-inflammatory agents are the mainstay of DED treatment, though there are several agents in development that target ion transport proteins on the ocular surface, acting by pro-secretory or anti-absorptive mechanisms to increase the tear fluid Film volume. Activation or inhibition of selected ion transporters can alter tear fluid osmolality, driving water transport onto the ocular surface via osmosis. Several ion transporters have been proposed as potential therapeutic targets for DED, including the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), calcium-activated chloride channels (CaCCs), and the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC).</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Ocular surface epithelial cell ion transporters are promising targets for pro-secretory and anti-absorptive therapies of DED.</p>","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"188-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10783585/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49646151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Update on the Light-Adjustable Lens (LAL)","authors":"Gabriel A Quesada, K. Waltz, Rodrigo A Quesada, León Colindres, Eduardo Alas, Amarilis Portillo, Rafael Perez-Varela, Pablo Ortiz","doi":"10.1007/s40135-022-00306-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40135-022-00306-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10836,"journal":{"name":"Current Ophthalmology Reports","volume":"10 1","pages":"228 - 232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2022-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47476708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}