The design of four mirrors anti-astigmatism astronomical telescope is carried out for low earth orbit satellite. By integrating with Cassagrain and Schwartzschild configurations, the telescope is design. It contains four mirrors with conic surface, to form an aberration free. The system contains two parts: first part is the Cassagrain type telescope for pick up the ground object to the stop position, and the second part is Schwartzschild configurations as relay optics, which is to relay the image to high resolution CCD sensor to provide 0.5 ground space distance image. The system is symmetric with aberration free within a one cubic size fitted for small satellite. The optic mechanical is simple easy to assemble for optical calibration, while the body is rigid in space.
{"title":"Design of a four-mirror anti-astigmatism astronomical telescope","authors":"Jiun-Woei Huang","doi":"10.1117/12.2529905","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529905","url":null,"abstract":"The design of four mirrors anti-astigmatism astronomical telescope is carried out for low earth orbit satellite. By integrating with Cassagrain and Schwartzschild configurations, the telescope is design. It contains four mirrors with conic surface, to form an aberration free. The system contains two parts: first part is the Cassagrain type telescope for pick up the ground object to the stop position, and the second part is Schwartzschild configurations as relay optics, which is to relay the image to high resolution CCD sensor to provide 0.5 ground space distance image. The system is symmetric with aberration free within a one cubic size fitted for small satellite. The optic mechanical is simple easy to assemble for optical calibration, while the body is rigid in space.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90150243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Material selection for an achromatic and athermal design using the factor of determination on optical glasses","authors":"Tae-Yeon Lim, Kum-Ho Kim, S. Park","doi":"10.1117/12.2528691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528691","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87505701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Laser strength multilayer interference coatings with the Gaussian profile for Nd:YAG lasers","authors":"E. Kuznetsov, V. V. Novopashin, A. Shestakov","doi":"10.1117/12.2526278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2526278","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84882783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mohana Kuppuswamy Parthasarathy, Ibrahim Faruq, E. Arthurs, Vaseudevan Lakshminarayanan
Retinal examination using direct ophthalmoscope is preferred over other techniques for screening purposes because of its portability and high magnification, despite its power sustainability and cost issues. With increasing number of low-cost sustainable devices available in the market, it is important to assess the efficacy of the devices. We compared three devices - Arclight ophthalmoscope, a D-Eye attached to iPhone 6, and conventional ophthalmoscope Heine K180 - in terms of ease of examination, usage, field of view, color rendition, patient comfort, length of examination, and closeness to the eye. Two trained optometrists examined 26 undilated eyes and graded the ease of retinal examination, ease of use and assessed vertical cup:disc ratio (VCDR). Patients reported their comfort level in terms of glare produced by the light source, length of examination and closeness to the eye. The examiners had a good agreement for all assessments. Of 26 eyes, VCDR assessment was not possible in 10/26 (38.4%) of the examinations, in (3/26, 11.5%) examinations with Arclight, in 0/26 examinations with D-Eye. Ease of use score was higher for Arclight and D-Eye than Heine. D-Eye had a relatively larger field of view than other 2 devices. Heine ranked first in color rendition. The luminance level of the high-beam setting of Arclight was more than twice that of Heine and D-Eye. Despite that, the patients reported experiencing uncomfortable glare in Heine (14/26, 53.8%), significant glare with Arclight (16/26, 61.5%) and some/no glare with D-Eye. The examination time was shorter when using D-Eye. Overall, D-Eye scored better in most of the evaluation items followed by Arclight.
{"title":"Comparison of the efficacy of three direct ophthalmoscopes: a clinical study","authors":"Mohana Kuppuswamy Parthasarathy, Ibrahim Faruq, E. Arthurs, Vaseudevan Lakshminarayanan","doi":"10.1117/12.2529439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529439","url":null,"abstract":"Retinal examination using direct ophthalmoscope is preferred over other techniques for screening purposes because of its portability and high magnification, despite its power sustainability and cost issues. With increasing number of low-cost sustainable devices available in the market, it is important to assess the efficacy of the devices. We compared three devices - Arclight ophthalmoscope, a D-Eye attached to iPhone 6, and conventional ophthalmoscope Heine K180 - in terms of ease of examination, usage, field of view, color rendition, patient comfort, length of examination, and closeness to the eye. Two trained optometrists examined 26 undilated eyes and graded the ease of retinal examination, ease of use and assessed vertical cup:disc ratio (VCDR). Patients reported their comfort level in terms of glare produced by the light source, length of examination and closeness to the eye. The examiners had a good agreement for all assessments. Of 26 eyes, VCDR assessment was not possible in 10/26 (38.4%) of the examinations, in (3/26, 11.5%) examinations with Arclight, in 0/26 examinations with D-Eye. Ease of use score was higher for Arclight and D-Eye than Heine. D-Eye had a relatively larger field of view than other 2 devices. Heine ranked first in color rendition. The luminance level of the high-beam setting of Arclight was more than twice that of Heine and D-Eye. Despite that, the patients reported experiencing uncomfortable glare in Heine (14/26, 53.8%), significant glare with Arclight (16/26, 61.5%) and some/no glare with D-Eye. The examination time was shorter when using D-Eye. Overall, D-Eye scored better in most of the evaluation items followed by Arclight.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80134325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spatial resolution of an optical microscope with oblique illumination","authors":"V. Borovytsky","doi":"10.1117/12.2527877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2527877","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77850585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X. Lee, Shih-Kang Lin, Y. Yu, Tsung-Hsun Yang, Ching-Cherng Sun
In this paper, an efficient lighting design for indoor sport field is presented. The average illuminance for the indoor sport field with eight playing courts can be achieve to 500 lx at a 11.2 m of the lamp's mounting height. Besides, because of specific arrangement of luminaires, the proposed lighting design can effectively reduced the glare effect and provide a comfortable illumination to players.
{"title":"Lighting design of an indoor sports field","authors":"X. Lee, Shih-Kang Lin, Y. Yu, Tsung-Hsun Yang, Ching-Cherng Sun","doi":"10.1117/12.2529898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2529898","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an efficient lighting design for indoor sport field is presented. The average illuminance for the indoor sport field with eight playing courts can be achieve to 500 lx at a 11.2 m of the lamp's mounting height. Besides, because of specific arrangement of luminaires, the proposed lighting design can effectively reduced the glare effect and provide a comfortable illumination to players.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89550821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Gonzalez-Amador, A. Padilla-Vivanco, C. Toxqui-Quitl, J. M. Olvera-Angeles, J. Arines, E. Acosta
Wavefront coding is a hybrid optical-computational technique that makes use of a phase modulating element in conjunction with a deconvolution algorithm to extend the depth of focus of imaging systems. The phase mask codes the wave-front in such a way that the point-spread function do not change appreciably as a function of defocus. In this work, the modulation is introduced by phase masks in the shape of a subset of Jacobi-Fourier polynomials. We will show, by both numerical simulations and experiments that the Jacobi-Fourier polynomial phase masks are good candidates for high-resolution images under noise presence.
{"title":"Wavefront coding with Jacobi-Fourier phase masks","authors":"E. Gonzalez-Amador, A. Padilla-Vivanco, C. Toxqui-Quitl, J. M. Olvera-Angeles, J. Arines, E. Acosta","doi":"10.1117/12.2523611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2523611","url":null,"abstract":"Wavefront coding is a hybrid optical-computational technique that makes use of a phase modulating element in conjunction with a deconvolution algorithm to extend the depth of focus of imaging systems. The phase mask codes the wave-front in such a way that the point-spread function do not change appreciably as a function of defocus. In this work, the modulation is introduced by phase masks in the shape of a subset of Jacobi-Fourier polynomials. We will show, by both numerical simulations and experiments that the Jacobi-Fourier polynomial phase masks are good candidates for high-resolution images under noise presence.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88049145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Minimal refractive index data in the near-infrared spectrum are available for optical plastics. Typically, refractive index measurements are made by fabricating a prism of candidate optical material and using appropriate metrology equipment. Few plastics are available in thicknesses adequate to fabricate appropriate size prisms; however, almost all optical plastics can be acquired in a flat plate form. The investigation considered two fundamental approaches to measure the refractive index by (i) rotating a flat plate and measure the beam displacement and (ii) measuring the optical focal shift. The rotation method was determined not accurate enough. An optical focal shift method optical mechanical (n toptical / tmechanical ) = was developed that utilized existing laboratory equipment. The shift of focus when the plastic plate sample was inserted was located by determining the position of maximum contrast of the projection of a Ronchi ruling target when illuminated by flux from a Cary Eclipse covering the spectral range of 550–975 nm. The instrumentation, data processing, and measurement performance are presented.
{"title":"Method to determine refractive index by measurement of flat plates","authors":"R. B. Johnson, M. Curley","doi":"10.1117/12.2531339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2531339","url":null,"abstract":"Minimal refractive index data in the near-infrared spectrum are available for optical plastics. Typically, refractive index measurements are made by fabricating a prism of candidate optical material and using appropriate metrology equipment. Few plastics are available in thicknesses adequate to fabricate appropriate size prisms; however, almost all optical plastics can be acquired in a flat plate form. The investigation considered two fundamental approaches to measure the refractive index by (i) rotating a flat plate and measure the beam displacement and (ii) measuring the optical focal shift. The rotation method was determined not accurate enough. An optical focal shift method optical mechanical (n toptical / tmechanical ) = was developed that utilized existing laboratory equipment. The shift of focus when the plastic plate sample was inserted was located by determining the position of maximum contrast of the projection of a Ronchi ruling target when illuminated by flux from a Cary Eclipse covering the spectral range of 550–975 nm. The instrumentation, data processing, and measurement performance are presented.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81970128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob Erlikhman, P. Krogen, P. Srinivasan, W. Hettel, P. Meinhold, P. Lubin
Directed energy propulsion for interstellar travel has been proposed as an ideal method for reaching appreciable speeds relative to the speed of light: 0.2c. However, the amount of energy required necessitates a large aperture, on the order of kilometers, while mitigation of atmospheric perturbations requires a discretization of the aperture into many individual laser elements. The use of fiber lasers for these elements obligates mode-matching the fiber to the desired 10 cm aperture for a collimated beam. Various collimation systems were designed and compared. A 3-lens system with one achromat and two aspheric lenses, with two of the lenses used as a Keplerian telescope to achieve a system-shortening effect was analyzed. A similar system made with a plano-convex lens replacing the large-aperture aspheric lens with two additional compensating lenses was compared. A single diffractive optic operating at F/8 was likewise considered. The optical performance of these systems was compared, as was the cost-effectiveness. Scalability to millions of elements was required, so cost-per-system was a crucial consideration factor. Possible manufacturing processes for a diffractive system were investigated, and stamping processes for replication were analyzed to determine the possibility of replication of such an optic reliably, cheaply, and with acceptable results.
{"title":"Optical systems for large-aperture phased laser array including diffractive optics","authors":"Jacob Erlikhman, P. Krogen, P. Srinivasan, W. Hettel, P. Meinhold, P. Lubin","doi":"10.1117/12.2528089","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2528089","url":null,"abstract":"Directed energy propulsion for interstellar travel has been proposed as an ideal method for reaching appreciable speeds relative to the speed of light: 0.2c. However, the amount of energy required necessitates a large aperture, on the order of kilometers, while mitigation of atmospheric perturbations requires a discretization of the aperture into many individual laser elements. The use of fiber lasers for these elements obligates mode-matching the fiber to the desired 10 cm aperture for a collimated beam. Various collimation systems were designed and compared. A 3-lens system with one achromat and two aspheric lenses, with two of the lenses used as a Keplerian telescope to achieve a system-shortening effect was analyzed. A similar system made with a plano-convex lens replacing the large-aperture aspheric lens with two additional compensating lenses was compared. A single diffractive optic operating at F/8 was likewise considered. The optical performance of these systems was compared, as was the cost-effectiveness. Scalability to millions of elements was required, so cost-per-system was a crucial consideration factor. Possible manufacturing processes for a diffractive system were investigated, and stamping processes for replication were analyzed to determine the possibility of replication of such an optic reliably, cheaply, and with acceptable results.","PeriodicalId":10843,"journal":{"name":"Current Developments in Lens Design and Optical Engineering XX","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73518422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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