Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579X01666180613075855
O. Soyele, A. H. Adedapo, H. Adeola
Fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) are a poorly defined but pathologically diverse group of lesions affecting the craniofacial bones and jaw. They are mostly characterized by the replacement of bone by a benign connective tissue matrix, which may contain foci of mineralization in the form of woven bone or cementum-like round acellular intensely basophilic structures. These lesions, although diverse, often present similar clinico-pathological and radiographic features. This often leads to difficulty in diagnosis and management. Definitive diagnosis is often reached only by incisional or excisional biopsy in resource-limited settings. Epidemiologically, the incidence and prevalence of different FOLs have been variable depending on the region. Reports from Africa indicated that FOLs make up to 10% of all oral biopsies, while others have given lower figures. A good understanding of the pathogenetic mechanism for FOLs is important, and state of the art molecular approaches are bound to improve the diagnosis and delineation of various entities that fall under the FOL category. Not least, the classification and nomenclature of these lesions by the World Health Organization (WHO) have changed significantly over the years. Hence, we have presented in this review a robust discussion on the pathobiology, emerging molecular markers, diagnostic challenges, future perspectives and recent changes to the classification/nomenclature of FOLs by WHO. In addition, we also discussed the diagnostic bottlenecks encountered during diagnosis of FOL in Africa.
{"title":"Molecular Diagnosis of Fibro-osseous Lesions of the Oral and Maxillofacial Region: A Tale from Africa","authors":"O. Soyele, A. H. Adedapo, H. Adeola","doi":"10.2174/2542579X01666180613075855","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579X01666180613075855","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) are a poorly defined but pathologically diverse group of lesions\u0000affecting the craniofacial bones and jaw. They are mostly characterized by the replacement of\u0000bone by a benign connective tissue matrix, which may contain foci of mineralization in the form of\u0000woven bone or cementum-like round acellular intensely basophilic structures. These lesions, although\u0000diverse, often present similar clinico-pathological and radiographic features. This often leads\u0000to difficulty in diagnosis and management. Definitive diagnosis is often reached only by incisional\u0000or excisional biopsy in resource-limited settings. Epidemiologically, the incidence and prevalence of\u0000different FOLs have been variable depending on the region. Reports from Africa indicated that\u0000FOLs make up to 10% of all oral biopsies, while others have given lower figures. A good understanding\u0000of the pathogenetic mechanism for FOLs is important, and state of the art molecular approaches\u0000are bound to improve the diagnosis and delineation of various entities that fall under the\u0000FOL category. Not least, the classification and nomenclature of these lesions by the World Health\u0000Organization (WHO) have changed significantly over the years. Hence, we have presented in this\u0000review a robust discussion on the pathobiology, emerging molecular markers, diagnostic challenges,\u0000future perspectives and recent changes to the classification/nomenclature of FOLs by WHO. In addition,\u0000we also discussed the diagnostic bottlenecks encountered during diagnosis of FOL in Africa.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"155 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77404184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579x01666180621154507
G. Marenzi, Med Erda Qorri, P. Sammartino, F. Rusciano, R. Gasparro
Background: Platelet concentrates (PC) are blood-derived products for local application able to stimulate regeneration in soft and hard tissues, mimicking the physiological healing process. Their efficacy in oral surgical procedures is controversial and limited. Objective: The study aims to critically analyze the available evidence for the effect of autogenous PC on wound healing of different oral surgical sites reported by more recent clinical studies. Methods: Electronic and manual searches in three databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus) were performed to identify the clinical studies from January 2017 to December 2017 which reported the actual oral surgical indications and the benefit of local application of PC. All human studies evaluating PRP or PRF in a randomized controlled trial, case series, case report and systematic review were included. All animal, histologic and in vitro studies were excluded. Results: Fifty-two studies were selected. The use of PRF was proposed in treating many oral surgical sites. Data availability with regard to the effect of PRF on new bone formation in GBR and horizontal/ vertical bone augmentation procedures varied from abundant to absent. Positive results concerning the effect of PRF on potential post-surgical complication (pain, swelling and trismus) were reported. Conclusion: Few clinical indications could be determined: the literature on the topic was contradictory and the published data were difficult to interpret. Positive results were generally recorded for soft tissues and periodontal wound healing. No real benefit of PC application on bone regeneration was evidenced.
背景:血小板浓缩物(PC)是一种局部应用的血液衍生产品，可刺激软硬组织再生，模拟生理愈合过程。它们在口腔外科手术中的功效是有争议的和有限的。目的:本研究旨在批判性地分析近年来临床研究报告的自生成素对不同口腔手术部位伤口愈合的影响。方法:检索Medline、Web of Science、Scopus三个数据库，检索2017年1月至2017年12月报道口腔外科实际指征及局部应用PC获益的临床研究。纳入所有在随机对照试验、病例系列、病例报告和系统评价中评估PRP或PRF的人类研究。所有动物、组织和体外研究均被排除在外。结果:入选研究52项。PRF在许多口腔手术部位的治疗中得到了应用。关于PRF对GBR和水平/垂直骨增强手术中新骨形成的影响的可用数据从丰富到缺乏。报道了PRF对潜在的术后并发症(疼痛、肿胀和牙关)的积极影响。结论:临床适应症确定少，相关文献相互矛盾，已发表的资料难以解释。软组织和牙周创面愈合结果普遍为阳性。没有证据表明应用PC对骨再生有真正的好处。
{"title":"Platelet Concentrates in Oral Surgery: Indications and Limits. A Literature Review","authors":"G. Marenzi, Med Erda Qorri, P. Sammartino, F. Rusciano, R. Gasparro","doi":"10.2174/2542579x01666180621154507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579x01666180621154507","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Platelet concentrates (PC) are blood-derived products for local application\u0000able to stimulate regeneration in soft and hard tissues, mimicking the physiological healing process.\u0000Their efficacy in oral surgical procedures is controversial and limited.\u0000\u0000Objective: The study aims to critically analyze the available evidence for the effect of autogenous\u0000PC on wound healing of different oral surgical sites reported by more recent clinical studies.\u0000\u0000Methods: Electronic and manual searches in three databases (Medline, Web of Science, Scopus)\u0000were performed to identify the clinical studies from January 2017 to December 2017 which reported\u0000the actual oral surgical indications and the benefit of local application of PC. All human studies\u0000evaluating PRP or PRF in a randomized controlled trial, case series, case report and systematic review\u0000were included. All animal, histologic and in vitro studies were excluded.\u0000\u0000Results: Fifty-two studies were selected. The use of PRF was proposed in treating many oral surgical\u0000sites. Data availability with regard to the effect of PRF on new bone formation in GBR and horizontal/\u0000vertical bone augmentation procedures varied from abundant to absent. Positive results concerning\u0000the effect of PRF on potential post-surgical complication (pain, swelling and trismus) were\u0000reported.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Few clinical indications could be determined: the literature on the topic was contradictory\u0000and the published data were difficult to interpret. Positive results were generally recorded for\u0000soft tissues and periodontal wound healing. No real benefit of PC application on bone regeneration\u0000was evidenced.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91313495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579X01666180919121640
A. D. Bona, Ricardo Kochenborger, Luís Antônio Di Guida
Background: Dental resin composites undergo chemical and mechanical degradation. Thus, the orthodontist should evaluate aged composite restoration surfaces to select the appropriate protocol to successfully bond orthodontics accessories. Objective: This study evaluated the shear bond strength (σ) of metal (M) and ceramic (C) brackets bonded to aged resin-based composite restorations (ACR) after different surface treatments. Methods: ACR specimens (N=160) were fabricated and divided into 8 experimental groups (n=20) as follows: Mo (control)- M bonded to ACR; MA- M bonded to ACR after acid etching using 38% phosphoric acid for 20 s (A); MB- M bonded to ACR after surface roughing using a twelve-bladed bur (B); MBA- M bonded to ACR after B and A; Co (control)- C bonded to ACR; CA- C bonded to ACR after A; CB- C bonded to ACR after B; CBA- C bonded to ACR after B and A. All specimens were stored for 24h before σ testing. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey post-hoc (α=0.05). Fracture surfaces were examined to determine the failure mode. Results: The surface treatments (A, B and BA) produced similar σ values (p>0.05) to ACR when using the same bracket type. M bracket showed greater σ than C bracket (p<0.05), probably because of different mechanical retention inherent from bracket type. Inhomogeneous stress distribution generated complex failures. Conclusion: Considering the needs of an orthodontic treatment and the surface treatments evaluated, sufficient bond strength was produced to ACR, irrespective of bracket type.
背景:牙科树脂复合材料经历化学和机械降解。因此，正畸医生应该评估老化的复合修复表面，以选择合适的方案来成功粘合正畸配件。目的:研究不同表面处理后金属(M)和陶瓷(C)托槽与老化树脂基复合修复体(ACR)的剪切结合强度(σ)。方法:制作ACR标本160份，分为8个实验组(N= 20)，分别为:Mo(对照)- M与ACR结合;MA- M在38%磷酸酸蚀20 s (A)后与ACR键合;用十二刃刀进行表面粗加工后与ACR结合的MB- M (B);MBA- M在B和A之后与ACR键合;Co (control)- C键合ACR;CA- C与A后的acr键合;CB- C在B后与ACR键合;CBA- C在B和a后与ACR结合，所有样品保存24h后进行σ测试。数据采用单因素方差分析和事后分析(α=0.05)。对断口表面进行检查以确定其破坏模式。结果:表面处理(A、B、BA)与ACR在相同托槽类型下的σ值相近(p>0.05)。M型托槽的σ值大于C型托槽(p<0.05)，这可能是由于托槽类型所固有的机械固位不同所致。不均匀的应力分布产生了复杂的破坏。结论:考虑到正畸治疗的需要和表面处理的评估，无论托槽类型如何，都能产生足够的ACR结合强度。
{"title":"Bond Strength of Ceramic and Metal Orthodontic Brackets to Aged Resinbased Composite Restorations","authors":"A. D. Bona, Ricardo Kochenborger, Luís Antônio Di Guida","doi":"10.2174/2542579X01666180919121640","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579X01666180919121640","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Dental resin composites undergo chemical and mechanical degradation.\u0000Thus, the orthodontist should evaluate aged composite restoration surfaces to select the appropriate\u0000protocol to successfully bond orthodontics accessories.\u0000\u0000Objective: This study evaluated the shear bond strength (σ) of metal (M) and ceramic (C) brackets\u0000bonded to aged resin-based composite restorations (ACR) after different surface treatments.\u0000\u0000Methods: ACR specimens (N=160) were fabricated and divided into 8 experimental groups (n=20)\u0000as follows: Mo (control)- M bonded to ACR; MA- M bonded to ACR after acid etching using 38%\u0000phosphoric acid for 20 s (A); MB- M bonded to ACR after surface roughing using a twelve-bladed\u0000bur (B); MBA- M bonded to ACR after B and A; Co (control)- C bonded to ACR; CA- C bonded to\u0000ACR after A; CB- C bonded to ACR after B; CBA- C bonded to ACR after B and A. All specimens\u0000were stored for 24h before σ testing. Data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA and\u0000Tukey post-hoc (α=0.05). Fracture surfaces were examined to determine the failure mode.\u0000\u0000Results: The surface treatments (A, B and BA) produced similar σ values (p>0.05) to ACR when\u0000using the same bracket type. M bracket showed greater σ than C bracket (p<0.05), probably because\u0000of different mechanical retention inherent from bracket type. Inhomogeneous stress distribution\u0000generated complex failures.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Considering the needs of an orthodontic treatment and the surface treatments evaluated,\u0000sufficient bond strength was produced to ACR, irrespective of bracket type.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90753635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579x01666180629100020
Iane Pereira Pimenta, Fariza Abrão, J. J. M. Silva, Larissa Oliveira Costa, H. Rogez, S. Ambrósio, R. Veneziani, J. Bastos, C. Martins
Background: Copaifera multijuga are widely used as medicinal plants in Brazil. Of the various ethnopharmacological indications of copaiba oleoresins, the antimicrobial activity had been highlighted. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the oleoresin and the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Copaifera multijuga against oral pathogens in the sessile and in the planktonic modes. Methods: Standard strains from the American Type Culture Collection and clinical isolates which cause both cariogenic and endodontic infections were used. Was evaluated in terms of its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and biofilm eradication assay. Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) assays showed that the oleoresin was effective against some the bacterial strains. Assessment of the antibiofilm activity of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from C. multijuga against the evaluated microaerophilic bacteria in the sessile mode gave IC50 values of 318.0 and 695.6 µg/mL against S. mitis (ATCC 49456) and A. actinomycetemcomintans (ATCC 43717), respectively. As for the assayed anaerobic bacteria, the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves gave IC50 of 4554.0, 2218.0, and 600.1 µg/mL against F. nucleatum (Clinical isolate), P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277), and P. micros (Clinical isolate), respectively, whereas the oleoresin afforded IC50 of 357.1 µg/mL against P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277). Conclusion: The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic extract of leaves displayed satisfactory activity against the main oral pathogens in both sessile and planktonic modes. The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic extracts of leaves from C. multijuga are potential candidates for the development of new products for dental and oral care.
{"title":"Antibacterial Profile of Copaifera multijuga Oleoresin and Hydroalcoholic Extract of Leaves Against Oral Pathogens","authors":"Iane Pereira Pimenta, Fariza Abrão, J. J. M. Silva, Larissa Oliveira Costa, H. Rogez, S. Ambrósio, R. Veneziani, J. Bastos, C. Martins","doi":"10.2174/2542579x01666180629100020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579x01666180629100020","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Background: Copaifera multijuga are widely used as medicinal plants in Brazil. Of the\u0000various ethnopharmacological indications of copaiba oleoresins, the antimicrobial activity had been\u0000highlighted.\u0000\u0000Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the oleoresin and the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from\u0000Copaifera multijuga against oral pathogens in the sessile and in the planktonic modes.\u0000\u0000Methods: Standard strains from the American Type Culture Collection and clinical isolates which\u0000cause both cariogenic and endodontic infections were used. Was evaluated in terms of its Minimum\u0000Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) values by the broth microdilution method in 96-well microplates,\u0000Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and biofilm eradication assay.\u0000\u0000Results: The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration\u0000(MBC) assays showed that the oleoresin was effective against some the bacterial strains. Assessment\u0000of the antibiofilm activity of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from C. multijuga against the evaluated\u0000microaerophilic bacteria in the sessile mode gave IC50 values of 318.0 and 695.6 µg/mL against\u0000S. mitis (ATCC 49456) and A. actinomycetemcomintans (ATCC 43717), respectively. As for the assayed\u0000anaerobic bacteria, the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves gave IC50 of 4554.0, 2218.0, and\u0000600.1 µg/mL against F. nucleatum (Clinical isolate), P. gingivalis (ATCC 33277), and P. micros\u0000(Clinical isolate), respectively, whereas the oleoresin afforded IC50 of 357.1 µg/mL against P.\u0000gingivalis (ATCC 33277).\u0000\u0000Conclusion: The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic extract of leaves displayed satisfactory activity\u0000against the main oral pathogens in both sessile and planktonic modes. The oleoresin and hydroalcoholic\u0000extracts of leaves from C. multijuga are potential candidates for the development of new products\u0000for dental and oral care.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77174735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579x01666180629094559
G. Sethna, R. Sivasankar, P. Gaitonde, P. Gaitonde
Treatment and perioperative dental management in patients on antithrombotic medications poses a serious challenge to dental professionals due to perceived risk of bleeding complications. This article aims to study the anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs currently available on the market, review contemporary oral anti-thrombotic treatment and offer management guidelines in such situations based on the review of pertinent literature. Science Direct and Ovid databases, PubMed, Scopus and product literature were accessed to review relevant literature with respect to current anti-thrombotic drugs, indications for their use in medical conditions, complications related to their use and drug interactions. The search covered studies published in medical and dental journals in English with a relevant impact factor over a period of 10 years. Meta analyses, systematic reviews, randomized trials, cohort based and case-control studies and society-based guidelines were considered. Key words utilized in the search criteria included Warfarin, Coumarin, Aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors, Prasugrel, Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor, Hemorrhage, Anti-thrombin, Platelet aggregation inhibitors and International Normalized Ratio (INR) and were validated by the MeSH dictionaries. Dental practitioners today, are faced with the challenge of conducting surgical procedures on patients who are on anti-thrombotic medications for a variety of medical/ surgical co-morbid conditions. Although there is consensus amongst various studies regarding continuation of warfarin in therapeutic ranges for dento-alveolar surgery, there is insufficient evidence to reach a consensus in those groups who are at intermediate or high risk of bleeding. However, most studies and published literature do agree that there is no real increased risk of bleeding complications during conduct of these procedures if the patient’s INR is less than 3.5 along with adequate haemostatic measures. Regardless of the procedure to be performed, every case needs to be titrated on its individual merit based on both patient and surgical factors. Further, it is recommended that INR values should be established at least 72 hours prior to the surgery, which admits a margin of safety for dose modification if necessary. A meticulous case history with complementary hemostatic tests and adoption of adequate local hemostatic measures hold the key to not having the necessity to modify the antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment in most cases. Additionally, the advent of newer anticoagulants and antiplatelets have raised the requirement of dedicated Randomized Clinical Trials to answer the specific clinical questions of bleeding risk versus thrombo-embolic complications in the perioperative management of such patients.
{"title":"Perioperative Dental Management of Patients in The Background of Antithrombotic Use","authors":"G. Sethna, R. Sivasankar, P. Gaitonde, P. Gaitonde","doi":"10.2174/2542579x01666180629094559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579x01666180629094559","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Treatment and perioperative dental management in patients on antithrombotic\u0000medications poses a serious challenge to dental professionals due to perceived risk of\u0000bleeding complications. This article aims to study the anticoagulant / antiplatelet drugs currently\u0000available on the market, review contemporary oral anti-thrombotic treatment and offer management\u0000guidelines in such situations based on the review of pertinent literature.\u0000\u0000\u0000 Science Direct and Ovid databases, PubMed, Scopus and product literature\u0000were accessed to review relevant literature with respect to current anti-thrombotic drugs, indications\u0000for their use in medical conditions, complications related to their use and drug interactions. The\u0000search covered studies published in medical and dental journals in English with a relevant impact\u0000factor over a period of 10 years. Meta analyses, systematic reviews, randomized trials, cohort based\u0000and case-control studies and society-based guidelines were considered. Key words utilized in the\u0000search criteria included Warfarin, Coumarin, Aspirin, P2Y12 inhibitors, Prasugrel, Clopidogrel, Ticagrelor,\u0000Hemorrhage, Anti-thrombin, Platelet aggregation inhibitors and International Normalized\u0000Ratio (INR) and were validated by the MeSH dictionaries.\u0000\u0000\u0000Dental practitioners today, are faced with the challenge of conducting surgical procedures on\u0000patients who are on anti-thrombotic medications for a variety of medical/ surgical co-morbid conditions.\u0000Although there is consensus amongst various studies regarding continuation of warfarin in therapeutic\u0000ranges for dento-alveolar surgery, there is insufficient evidence to reach a consensus in those\u0000groups who are at intermediate or high risk of bleeding. However, most studies and published literature\u0000do agree that there is no real increased risk of bleeding complications during conduct of these procedures\u0000if the patient’s INR is less than 3.5 along with adequate haemostatic measures.\u0000\u0000\u0000Regardless of the procedure to be performed, every case needs to be titrated on its individual\u0000merit based on both patient and surgical factors. Further, it is recommended that INR values\u0000should be established at least 72 hours prior to the surgery, which admits a margin of safety for dose\u0000modification if necessary. A meticulous case history with complementary hemostatic tests and adoption\u0000of adequate local hemostatic measures hold the key to not having the necessity to modify the\u0000antiplatelet or anticoagulation treatment in most cases. Additionally, the advent of newer anticoagulants\u0000and antiplatelets have raised the requirement of dedicated Randomized Clinical Trials to answer\u0000the specific clinical questions of bleeding risk versus thrombo-embolic complications in the perioperative\u0000management of such patients.","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86040426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.2174/2542579X0101190329113306
A. D. Bona
{"title":"Launching of a New Journal and the Challenges of Publishing Scientific Knowledge","authors":"A. D. Bona","doi":"10.2174/2542579X0101190329113306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579X0101190329113306","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:sec>\u0000<jats:title />\u0000<jats:p />\u0000</jats:sec>","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"223 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72862699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.2174/2542579X01666180919121059
Yi-Shu Liu, A. Yap, J. Lei, K. Fu
The causes of mandibular condylar hypoplasia can be congenital or acquired in nature. Cited local causes of acquired hypoplasia include trauma, infection and irradiation. We report a case of hypoplastic condyle that was attributed to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR). A 16-year-old male presented with restricted mouth opening and right TMJ pain for 6 months. He was subsequently diagnosed with DDwoR. Conservative treatment comprising self-care and moist-heat therapy was administered and he was followed for 27 months without any further interventions. During this period, transitions from “normal” morphology to condylar flattening / erosion, and eventually a re-modeled smaller “normal” right TMJ were observed. The present case provided initial support that DDwoR could be a plausible cause of condylar hypoplasia in adolescents / young adults.
{"title":"Is Temporomandibular Joint Disc Displacement without Reduction a Plausible Cause of Condylar Hypoplasia? A Case Report","authors":"Yi-Shu Liu, A. Yap, J. Lei, K. Fu","doi":"10.2174/2542579X01666180919121059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579X01666180919121059","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000The causes of mandibular condylar hypoplasia can be congenital or acquired\u0000in nature. Cited local causes of acquired hypoplasia include trauma, infection and irradiation.\u0000We report a case of hypoplastic condyle that was attributed to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disc\u0000displacement without reduction (DDwoR).\u0000\u0000\u0000 A 16-year-old male presented with restricted mouth opening and right TMJ\u0000pain for 6 months. He was subsequently diagnosed with DDwoR. Conservative treatment comprising\u0000self-care and moist-heat therapy was administered and he was followed for 27 months without\u0000any further interventions. During this period, transitions from “normal” morphology to condylar\u0000flattening / erosion, and eventually a re-modeled smaller “normal” right TMJ were observed.\u0000\u0000\u0000The present case provided initial support that DDwoR could be a plausible cause of\u0000condylar hypoplasia in adolescents / young adults.","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78020998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.2174/2542579x01666180416112018
A. Faria-E-Silva
Objective: This study aimed to assess possible differences in results provided by two shade guides and a spectrophotometer used to measure the color changes during tooth bleaching. Methods: Fifty-six patients underwent two sessions of in-office tooth bleaching with a 35% hydrogen peroxide with a week of an interval between them. The color evaluation was performed using shade match with two guide scales (Vita Classical, and Vita Bleach Guide) and a spectrophotometer providing CieLab data. The color was assessed at baseline and 7 days after each session, and 30 days after the last session. Data from scales were arranged in scores according to lightness (lowest to highest) and the color changes were calculated based on baseline data. For CieLab data, ΔL, Δa, Δb, and ΔE were calculated for each assessment time. Differences between the color changes observed in each session were assessed by Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05). Friedman`s test and One-way repeated measures ANOVA were used to analyze color changes among the assessment times. Spearman`s test was used to evaluate the correlation between the shade guide scores and data from Cielab. Results: All methods of color measurement demonstrated any additional effect of second bleaching session on color change, and stable color after 30 days (p < 0.001 for all methods). Both shade guide scales presented low correlation coefficients with ΔL, and moderate coefficients with Δb, Δa, and ΔE. Conclusion: Despite the weak/ moderate correlation among the methods used to measure tooth color, all methods showed similar results of tooth bleaching effectiveness.
{"title":"Correlation Among Methods to Measure Tooth Color in Clinical Trials Evaluating Tooth Bleaching","authors":"A. Faria-E-Silva","doi":"10.2174/2542579x01666180416112018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579x01666180416112018","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Objective: This study aimed to assess possible differences in results provided by two\u0000shade guides and a spectrophotometer used to measure the color changes during tooth bleaching.\u0000\u0000Methods: Fifty-six patients underwent two sessions of in-office tooth bleaching with a 35% hydrogen\u0000peroxide with a week of an interval between them. The color evaluation was performed using\u0000shade match with two guide scales (Vita Classical, and Vita Bleach Guide) and a spectrophotometer\u0000providing CieLab data. The color was assessed at baseline and 7 days after each session, and 30\u0000days after the last session. Data from scales were arranged in scores according to lightness (lowest to\u0000highest) and the color changes were calculated based on baseline data. For CieLab data, ΔL, Δa, Δb,\u0000and ΔE were calculated for each assessment time. Differences between the color changes observed\u0000in each session were assessed by Wilcoxon test (α = 0.05). Friedman`s test and One-way repeated\u0000measures ANOVA were used to analyze color changes among the assessment times. Spearman`s test\u0000was used to evaluate the correlation between the shade guide scores and data from Cielab.\u0000\u0000Results: All methods of color measurement demonstrated any additional effect of second bleaching\u0000session on color change, and stable color after 30 days (p < 0.001 for all methods). Both shade guide\u0000scales presented low correlation coefficients with ΔL, and moderate coefficients with Δb, Δa, and\u0000ΔE.\u0000\u0000Conclusion: Despite the weak/ moderate correlation among the methods used to measure tooth\u0000color, all methods showed similar results of tooth bleaching effectiveness.\u0000","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82096785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-03-29DOI: 10.2174/2542579x01666180719125137
M. M. Pérez, O. Pecho, R. Ghinea, R. Pulgar, A. D. Bona
The final goal of color measurement or shade specification in dentistry is the reproduction by prosthetic materials of all important appearance characteristics of natural oral structures. The application of color science in dentistry is an objective way to measure and evaluate such structures and dental materials in clinical practice and dental research. Literature on color science was reviewed to present new metrics to evaluate color differences of dental materials and dental structures. Visual acceptability and perceptibility values of color differences are reviewed and new whiteness indexes to describe whiteness in dentistry are presented. In the last decade, the CIELAB 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds were set to 1.2 and 2.7, respectively, and the CIEDE2000 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds were set to 0.8 and 1.8. The CIEDE2000 color-difference formula became increasingly popular in dentistry. Developments in color science have led to the description of tooth whiteness and changes in tooth whiteness based on whiteness indexes, with the most relevant being the WID whiteness index, which is a customized index based in CIELAB color space. The application of color science in dentistry has allowed the precise description of tooth color and whiteness. The revised and new CIEDE2000 color-difference formula is expected to fully replace the outdated CIELAB formula in almost all dental applications. Recent psychophysical studies have reported values of visual thresholds and new whiteness indexes, which can serve as quality control tools to guide the selection of esthetic dental materials, evaluate clinical performance, and interpret visual and instrumental findings in clinical dentistry, dental research, and subsequent standardization.
{"title":"Recent Advances in Color and Whiteness Evaluations in Dentistry","authors":"M. M. Pérez, O. Pecho, R. Ghinea, R. Pulgar, A. D. Bona","doi":"10.2174/2542579x01666180719125137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2542579x01666180719125137","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000 The final goal of color measurement or shade specification in dentistry is\u0000the reproduction by prosthetic materials of all important appearance characteristics of natural oral\u0000structures. The application of color science in dentistry is an objective way to measure and evaluate\u0000such structures and dental materials in clinical practice and dental research.\u0000\u0000\u0000 Literature on color science was reviewed to present new metrics to evaluate color differences\u0000of dental materials and dental structures. Visual acceptability and perceptibility values of color\u0000differences are reviewed and new whiteness indexes to describe whiteness in dentistry are presented.\u0000\u0000\u0000In the last decade, the CIELAB 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds were set\u0000to 1.2 and 2.7, respectively, and the CIEDE2000 50:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds\u0000were set to 0.8 and 1.8. The CIEDE2000 color-difference formula became increasingly popular in\u0000dentistry. Developments in color science have led to the description of tooth whiteness and changes\u0000in tooth whiteness based on whiteness indexes, with the most relevant being the WID whiteness index,\u0000which is a customized index based in CIELAB color space.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000 The application of color science in dentistry has allowed the precise description of\u0000tooth color and whiteness. The revised and new CIEDE2000 color-difference formula is expected to\u0000fully replace the outdated CIELAB formula in almost all dental applications. Recent psychophysical\u0000studies have reported values of visual thresholds and new whiteness indexes, which can serve as\u0000quality control tools to guide the selection of esthetic dental materials, evaluate clinical performance,\u0000and interpret visual and instrumental findings in clinical dentistry, dental research, and subsequent\u0000standardization.","PeriodicalId":10853,"journal":{"name":"Current opinion in dentistry","volume":"6 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85585902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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