It is difficult to explain continuity between12C16O2−12C16O2−12C18O2 laser oscillation spectra due to only oxygen isotope–mass–difference (16O, 18O) effect on rotation energy level of fine structure for 00°1 to 10°0 of transition of CO2 molecules. In order to explain fine structure interval of CO2 laser oscillation spectra, it is necessary to consider CO2 molecule shape of smaller O=C bond length (this means smaller rotation inertia moment of a CO2 molecule) through nuclear characteristics (for example, gravity center, shape, spin) in a CO2 molecule.
{"title":"Study on isotope mass difference (16O, 18O) effect on CO2 laser oscillation spectra","authors":"Yasuyuki Saito","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.pd10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.pd10","url":null,"abstract":"It is difficult to explain continuity between12C16O2−12C16O2−12C18O2 laser oscillation spectra due to only oxygen isotope–mass–difference (16O, 18O) effect on rotation energy level of fine structure for 00°1 to 10°0 of transition of CO2 molecules. In order to explain fine structure interval of CO2 laser oscillation spectra, it is necessary to consider CO2 molecule shape of smaller O=C bond length (this means smaller rotation inertia moment of a CO2 molecule) through nuclear characteristics (for example, gravity center, shape, spin) in a CO2 molecule.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115304728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Methanol is one of the simplest molecule capable of large amplitude torsional motion. This couples with the vibrational motions and has significant effects on the infrared spectrum, illustrated at low resolution in Fig. 1 for the 13CD3OH isotopomer in the 950-1450 cm-1 region. The complex torsion-vibration energy structure of 13CD3OH is shown in Fig. 2. Level crossings occur among a variety of states giving numerous Fermi and Coriolis interactions. Thus, methanol offers a good test platform for the study of intramolecular vibrational relaxation (IVR) with torsional effects. Furthermore, the ready availability of different isotopomers allows us to seek insight into individual torsion-vibration interaction mechanisms through the substantial changes in symmetry coordinate mixing and vibrational interaction which occur upon isotopic substitution. So far, different bands of 13CH3OH, CH318OH, CD3OH and 13CD3OH as well as the normal 12CH316OH species have all been studied by several groups around the world.1-7
{"title":"FTIR Spectra and Torsion-Vibration Coupling in 13CD3OH","authors":"Li-Hong Xu, R. Lees","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.pd5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.pd5","url":null,"abstract":"Methanol is one of the simplest molecule capable of large amplitude torsional motion. This couples with the vibrational motions and has significant effects on the infrared spectrum, illustrated at low resolution in Fig. 1 for the 13CD3OH isotopomer in the 950-1450 cm-1 region. The complex torsion-vibration energy structure of 13CD3OH is shown in Fig. 2. Level crossings occur among a variety of states giving numerous Fermi and Coriolis interactions. Thus, methanol offers a good test platform for the study of intramolecular vibrational relaxation (IVR) with torsional effects. Furthermore, the ready availability of different isotopomers allows us to seek insight into individual torsion-vibration interaction mechanisms through the substantial changes in symmetry coordinate mixing and vibrational interaction which occur upon isotopic substitution. So far, different bands of 13CH3OH, CH318OH, CD3OH and 13CD3OH as well as the normal 12CH316OH species have all been studied by several groups around the world.1-7","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128295423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is believed that the Raman spectrum of amorphous carbon (a-C) is a kind of broadened version of the phonon density of states (PDOS) of graphite1. To further verify this relation and to extract more information from the Raman spectrum of a-C, we introduce the deconvolution method into the analysis of a-C Raman spectrum.
{"title":"The Deconvolution Method Used In The Analysis Of a-C Raman Spectrum","authors":"Qi Wang, D. Allred","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.mb9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.mb9","url":null,"abstract":"It is believed that the Raman spectrum of amorphous carbon (a-C) is a kind of broadened version of the phonon density of states (PDOS) of graphite1. To further verify this relation and to extract more information from the Raman spectrum of a-C, we introduce the deconvolution method into the analysis of a-C Raman spectrum.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"384 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122677938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Molecular Iodine exhibits a very rich absorption spectrum1 near 532 nm. Frequency-doubled monolithic diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers, having narrow linewidths and relatively wide tuning range, provide an excellent tool to investigate these transitions. Furthermore, we have recently shown that the Nd:YAG laser frequency can be absolutely stabilized to the Doppler-free lines of Iodine2. In this paper we utilize the ability to lock two lasers to Iodine hyperfine transitions in order to measure precisely the hyperfine frequency splitting by heterodyne spectroscopy. These results are then used to determine the hyperfine constants of the measured transitions.
{"title":"Doppler-Free Spectroscopy of Molecular Iodine Near 532 nm","authors":"A. Arie, R. Byer","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.tub2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.tub2","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular Iodine exhibits a very rich absorption spectrum1 near 532 nm. Frequency-doubled monolithic diode laser pumped Nd:YAG lasers, having narrow linewidths and relatively wide tuning range, provide an excellent tool to investigate these transitions. Furthermore, we have recently shown that the Nd:YAG laser frequency can be absolutely stabilized to the Doppler-free lines of Iodine2. In this paper we utilize the ability to lock two lasers to Iodine hyperfine transitions in order to measure precisely the hyperfine frequency splitting by heterodyne spectroscopy. These results are then used to determine the hyperfine constants of the measured transitions.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121617624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The combination of magnetic rotation electro-optic frequency modulation, and sub-Doppler δmj = 2 Zeeman resonance tunable laser techniques yields J, δj, and gJ presorted spectra at near shot-noise-limited sensitivity.
{"title":"Selectivity, Sensitivity, Speed, and Sub-Doppler Resolution Are Not Incompatible","authors":"M. McCarthy, H. Kanamori, Mingguang Li, R. Field","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.ma2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.ma2","url":null,"abstract":"The combination of magnetic rotation electro-optic frequency modulation, and sub-Doppler δmj = 2 Zeeman resonance tunable laser techniques yields J, δj, and gJ presorted spectra at near shot-noise-limited sensitivity.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121168220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peter S. Gorgone, S. Davis, Yunxiao Gao, Eric K. McCall, M. Rosenberry, B. Stewart
We have measured a large number of rate constants for the process where Vi,ji,Vf and jf indicate the initial and final vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of the Li2 molecule.
{"title":"Vibrational Transfer in Collisions of Li2 A 1 Σ u + ( v i , j i ) with Neon","authors":"Peter S. Gorgone, S. Davis, Yunxiao Gao, Eric K. McCall, M. Rosenberry, B. Stewart","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.pd7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.pd7","url":null,"abstract":"We have measured a large number of rate constants for the process where Vi,ji,Vf and jf indicate the initial and final vibrational and rotational quantum numbers of the Li2 molecule.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130242264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SEP spectra were recorded for the overtones of the C=O stretch(ν4) up to ν4=5 and one combination band with three quanta of C=O stretch and one quanta of in plane C≡C−C bend(ν9). The experiments were performed in a molecular beam, using two excimer pumped dye lasers with etalons for the PUMP and DUMP steps giving an experimental resolution of 0.04 cm-1. The resulting SEP spectra are simple and assignable to a near prolate asymmetric top. Anharmonic perturbations manifest themselves in the SEP spectra for ν4=4 and 5 as extra transitions. Anharmonic perturbations from unobserved levels appear in the rotational constants for ν4=2 and 3.
{"title":"Stimulated Emission Pumping(SEP) Spectroscopy of Propynal: An Example of “Sparse” IVR at High Vibrational State Density","authors":"C. A. Rogaski, J. Price, A. Wodtke","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.ma4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.ma4","url":null,"abstract":"SEP spectra were recorded for the overtones of the C=O stretch(ν4) up to ν4=5 and one combination band with three quanta of C=O stretch and one quanta of in plane C≡C−C bend(ν9). The experiments were performed in a molecular beam, using two excimer pumped dye lasers with etalons for the PUMP and DUMP steps giving an experimental resolution of 0.04 cm-1. The resulting SEP spectra are simple and assignable to a near prolate asymmetric top. Anharmonic perturbations manifest themselves in the SEP spectra for ν4=4 and 5 as extra transitions. Anharmonic perturbations from unobserved levels appear in the rotational constants for ν4=2 and 3.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128880015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Brillouin spectroscopy has been an important source of information about the collective dynamics of molecules in liquids.1,2 In a conventional Brillouin experiment, a Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to measure the spectrum of laser light scattered at an angle θ by spontaneous density fluctuations in a sample. The Brillouin peaks in the spectrum arise from the acoustic wave component of these density fluctuations, and accordingly the shift of the Brillouin peaks from the elastic Rayleigh scattering peak corresponds to the acoustic frequency, while the width of the Brillouin peaks corresponds to the acoustic damping rate. By varying θ, and thus the scattering wavevector, one can determine the dispersion in the speed of sound and the acoustic attenuation, which in turn characterize the elastic and viscous responses of the fluid. A more detailed analysis of the spectral lineshape with the aid of generalized hydrodynamic theories allows one to determine the values of transport coefficients that describe the molecular dynamics.1
{"title":"High Resolution Stimulated Brillouin Gain Spectroscopy","authors":"W. Grubbs, R. A. MacPhail","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.ma3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.ma3","url":null,"abstract":"Brillouin spectroscopy has been an important source of information about the collective dynamics of molecules in liquids.1,2 In a conventional Brillouin experiment, a Fabry-Perot interferometer is used to measure the spectrum of laser light scattered at an angle θ by spontaneous density fluctuations in a sample. The Brillouin peaks in the spectrum arise from the acoustic wave component of these density fluctuations, and accordingly the shift of the Brillouin peaks from the elastic Rayleigh scattering peak corresponds to the acoustic frequency, while the width of the Brillouin peaks corresponds to the acoustic damping rate. By varying θ, and thus the scattering wavevector, one can determine the dispersion in the speed of sound and the acoustic attenuation, which in turn characterize the elastic and viscous responses of the fluid. A more detailed analysis of the spectral lineshape with the aid of generalized hydrodynamic theories allows one to determine the values of transport coefficients that describe the molecular dynamics.1","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127748798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A homologous series of small organic molecules are used to explore the role of low frequency, large amplitude motion in vibrational mode coupling and in photochemically induced isomerization reactions. From the variation in structure in a series of substituted ethanes and strained ring systems, we can begin to link aspects of structure with the propensity for vibrational mode coupling. The molecules to be discussed include 2-fluoroethanol (2FE), 1,2-difluoroethane (DFE), 1-chloro, 2-fluoroethane (CFE), and cyclobutane.
{"title":"Twist and Strain: A Study in Vibrational Mode-Coupling","authors":"C. C. Miller, Hao Li, L. Philips","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.mb1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.mb1","url":null,"abstract":"A homologous series of small organic molecules are used to explore the role of low frequency, large amplitude motion in vibrational mode coupling and in photochemically induced isomerization reactions. From the variation in structure in a series of substituted ethanes and strained ring systems, we can begin to link aspects of structure with the propensity for vibrational mode coupling. The molecules to be discussed include 2-fluoroethanol (2FE), 1,2-difluoroethane (DFE), 1-chloro, 2-fluoroethane (CFE), and cyclobutane.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130819884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Excited state interactions in molecular dimers and higher clusters are of increasing spectroscopic interest because the interactions reveal the nature of the intermolecular potential and provide geometrical information about clusters. Cold clusters were prepared in a supersonic beam and studied by fluorescence excitation and photoionization and spectroscopies. Past studies revealed that benzene dimers are characterized by weak intermolecular interactions in the first excited state, whereas naphthalene dimers undergo strong excimer formation that results in broad electronic spectra. Prior reports2 indicated that fluorene dimers fluoresce efficiently from a lower energy excimer state.
{"title":"Intermolecular Interactions in the Fluorene Dimer","authors":"Lt. Clark Highstrete, J. Wessel","doi":"10.1364/hrs.1993.pd9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/hrs.1993.pd9","url":null,"abstract":"Excited state interactions in molecular dimers and higher clusters are of increasing spectroscopic interest because the interactions reveal the nature of the intermolecular potential and provide geometrical information about clusters. Cold clusters were prepared in a supersonic beam and studied by fluorescence excitation and photoionization and spectroscopies. Past studies revealed that benzene dimers are characterized by weak intermolecular interactions in the first excited state, whereas naphthalene dimers undergo strong excimer formation that results in broad electronic spectra. Prior reports2 indicated that fluorene dimers fluoresce efficiently from a lower energy excimer state.","PeriodicalId":109383,"journal":{"name":"High Resolution Spectroscopy","volume":"441 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116186776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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