Z. Frontistis, Grigoris Lykogiannis, Anastasios Sarmpanis
Among different biological methods used for advanced wastewater treatment, membrane bioreactors have demonstrated superior efficiency due to their hybrid nature, combining biological and physical processes. However, their efficient operation and control remain challenging due to their complexity. This comprehensive review summarizes the potential of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to monitor, simulate, optimize, and control these systems. ANNs show a unique ability to reveal and simulate complex relationships of dynamic systems such as MBRs, allowing for process optimization and fault detection. This early warning system leads to increased reliability and performance. Integrating ANNs with advanced algorithms and implementing Internet of Things (IoT) devices and new-generation sensors has the potential to transform the advanced wastewater treatment landscape towards the development of smart, self-adaptive systems. Nevertheless, several challenges must be addressed, including the need for high-quality and large-quantity data, human resource training, and integration into existing control system facilities. Since the demand for advanced water treatment and water reuse will continue to expand, proper implementation of ANNs, combined with other AI tools, is an exciting strategy toward the development of integrated and efficient advanced water treatment schemes.
{"title":"Artificial Neural Networks in Membrane Bioreactors: A Comprehensive Review—Overcoming Challenges and Future Perspectives","authors":"Z. Frontistis, Grigoris Lykogiannis, Anastasios Sarmpanis","doi":"10.3390/sci5030031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030031","url":null,"abstract":"Among different biological methods used for advanced wastewater treatment, membrane bioreactors have demonstrated superior efficiency due to their hybrid nature, combining biological and physical processes. However, their efficient operation and control remain challenging due to their complexity. This comprehensive review summarizes the potential of artificial neural networks (ANNs) to monitor, simulate, optimize, and control these systems. ANNs show a unique ability to reveal and simulate complex relationships of dynamic systems such as MBRs, allowing for process optimization and fault detection. This early warning system leads to increased reliability and performance. Integrating ANNs with advanced algorithms and implementing Internet of Things (IoT) devices and new-generation sensors has the potential to transform the advanced wastewater treatment landscape towards the development of smart, self-adaptive systems. Nevertheless, several challenges must be addressed, including the need for high-quality and large-quantity data, human resource training, and integration into existing control system facilities. Since the demand for advanced water treatment and water reuse will continue to expand, proper implementation of ANNs, combined with other AI tools, is an exciting strategy toward the development of integrated and efficient advanced water treatment schemes.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74921473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Cereja, J. Cruz, J. Heumüller, B. Vicente, A. Amorim, Frederico Carvalho, S. Cabral, P. Chainho, A. Brito, I. Ferreira, M. Diniz
Bivalves accumulate toxins produced by microalgae, thus becoming harmful for humans. However, little information is available about their toxicity to the bivalve itself. In the present work, the physiological stress and damage after the ingestion of toxic dinoflagellate species (Gymnodinium catenatum) and a diatom species (Skeletonema marinoi, which is non-toxic to humans but may be to grazers) in the oyster Magallana angulata are evaluated against a control treatment fed with the chlorophyte Tetraselmis sp. Oysters were exposed for two hours to a concentration of 4 × 104 cells/L of G. catenatum and 2 × 107 cells/L of S. marinoi. The biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-Transferase, total Ubiquitin (Ubi) and Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were assessed. The exposure of M. angulata to G. catenatum lead to a reduction in SOD and AchE activity and ubiquitin concentrations when compared to the control treatment. Moreover, it increased CAT activity in the adductor muscle, and maintained its activity in the other tissues tested. This may be related to the combination of reduced metabolism with the deployment of detoxification processes. S. marinoi also lead to a decrease in all biomarkers tested in the gills and digestive glands. Therefore, both species tested caused physiological alterations in M. angulata after two hours of exposure.
{"title":"Short-Term Biochemical Biomarkers of Stress in the Oyster Magallana angulata Exposed to Gymnodinium catenatum and Skeletonema marinoi","authors":"R. Cereja, J. Cruz, J. Heumüller, B. Vicente, A. Amorim, Frederico Carvalho, S. Cabral, P. Chainho, A. Brito, I. Ferreira, M. Diniz","doi":"10.3390/sci5030030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030030","url":null,"abstract":"Bivalves accumulate toxins produced by microalgae, thus becoming harmful for humans. However, little information is available about their toxicity to the bivalve itself. In the present work, the physiological stress and damage after the ingestion of toxic dinoflagellate species (Gymnodinium catenatum) and a diatom species (Skeletonema marinoi, which is non-toxic to humans but may be to grazers) in the oyster Magallana angulata are evaluated against a control treatment fed with the chlorophyte Tetraselmis sp. Oysters were exposed for two hours to a concentration of 4 × 104 cells/L of G. catenatum and 2 × 107 cells/L of S. marinoi. The biomarkers superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-Transferase, total Ubiquitin (Ubi) and Acetylcholinesterase (AchE) were assessed. The exposure of M. angulata to G. catenatum lead to a reduction in SOD and AchE activity and ubiquitin concentrations when compared to the control treatment. Moreover, it increased CAT activity in the adductor muscle, and maintained its activity in the other tissues tested. This may be related to the combination of reduced metabolism with the deployment of detoxification processes. S. marinoi also lead to a decrease in all biomarkers tested in the gills and digestive glands. Therefore, both species tested caused physiological alterations in M. angulata after two hours of exposure.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73513698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For a long time, the challenge has been to provide products and services that precisely match the preferences, habits, and needs of users [...]
长期以来，所面临的挑战一直是提供与用户的偏好、习惯和需求精确匹配的产品和服务[…]
{"title":"Implementing Smart Services in Small- and Medium-Sized Manufacturing Companies: On the Progress of Servitization in the Era of Industry 4.0","authors":"J. Winter","doi":"10.3390/sci5030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030029","url":null,"abstract":"For a long time, the challenge has been to provide products and services that precisely match the preferences, habits, and needs of users [...]","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80348876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Florian Butollo, Jana Flemming, Christine Gerber, Martin Krzywdzinski, David Wandjo, Nina Delicat, Lorena Herzog
Academic studies prior to the pandemic rather emphasized that the progression towards Industry 4.0 happened in an incremental manner. However, the extraordinary circumstances of the pandemic have led to considerable investments that were widely interpreted as a (generalized) digitalization push. However, little is known about the character of such investments and their effects. The goal of this contribution is to provide an empirically based overview of recent investment in digital technologies in six economic sectors of the German economy: mechanical engineering, chemicals, automotives, logistics, healthcare, and financial services. Based on 36 case studies and a survey at 540 companies, we investigate the following questions: 1. How much did the COVID-19 pandemic reduce existing obstacles for investments in digitalization measures? 2. Is there a universal digitalization push due to the COVID-19 pandemic that differs from the trajectory before the pandemic? The results show that the pandemic affected investment in an unequal manner. It was driven by the immediate need to sustain business operations through the virtualization of communication among employees and with external partners. However, there was less dynamism in shop-floor-related digitalization, as it was less related to epidemiological concerns and is more long-term in nature.
{"title":"COVID-19 as a Jump Start for Industry 4.0? Motivations and Core Areas of Pandemic-Related Investments in Digital Technologies at German Firms","authors":"Florian Butollo, Jana Flemming, Christine Gerber, Martin Krzywdzinski, David Wandjo, Nina Delicat, Lorena Herzog","doi":"10.3390/sci5030028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030028","url":null,"abstract":"Academic studies prior to the pandemic rather emphasized that the progression towards Industry 4.0 happened in an incremental manner. However, the extraordinary circumstances of the pandemic have led to considerable investments that were widely interpreted as a (generalized) digitalization push. However, little is known about the character of such investments and their effects. The goal of this contribution is to provide an empirically based overview of recent investment in digital technologies in six economic sectors of the German economy: mechanical engineering, chemicals, automotives, logistics, healthcare, and financial services. Based on 36 case studies and a survey at 540 companies, we investigate the following questions: 1. How much did the COVID-19 pandemic reduce existing obstacles for investments in digitalization measures? 2. Is there a universal digitalization push due to the COVID-19 pandemic that differs from the trajectory before the pandemic? The results show that the pandemic affected investment in an unequal manner. It was driven by the immediate need to sustain business operations through the virtualization of communication among employees and with external partners. However, there was less dynamism in shop-floor-related digitalization, as it was less related to epidemiological concerns and is more long-term in nature.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"13 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78620071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Malingering relates to intentionally pretending or exaggerating physical or psychologic symptoms to gain an external incentive, such as avoiding work, law prosecution or military service, or seeking financial compensation from insurance companies. Accordingly, various techniques have been developed in recent years by the scientific community to address this challenge. In this review, we discuss malingering within visual, auditory and olfactory domains, as well as in cognitive disorders and psychopathology. We provide a general, critical, narrative overview on the intermodal criteria for differential diagnosis, and discuss validated psychophysical tools and electrophysiology-based tests for its detection, as well as insights for future directions.
{"title":"Sensory and Cognitive Malingering: Studies and Tests","authors":"G. Zucco, G. Sartori","doi":"10.3390/sci5030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030027","url":null,"abstract":"Malingering relates to intentionally pretending or exaggerating physical or psychologic symptoms to gain an external incentive, such as avoiding work, law prosecution or military service, or seeking financial compensation from insurance companies. Accordingly, various techniques have been developed in recent years by the scientific community to address this challenge. In this review, we discuss malingering within visual, auditory and olfactory domains, as well as in cognitive disorders and psychopathology. We provide a general, critical, narrative overview on the intermodal criteria for differential diagnosis, and discuss validated psychophysical tools and electrophysiology-based tests for its detection, as well as insights for future directions.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"185 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75529318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Bobokalonov, Yanhong Liu, Karley K. Mahalak, Jenni Firrman, S. Sheen, Siyuan Zhou, Linshu Liu
Tomatoes are a perishable and seasonal fruit with a high economic impact. Carbon dioxide (CO2), among several other reagents, is used to extend the shelf-life and preserve the quality of tomatoes during refrigeration or packaging. To obtain insight into CO2 stress during tomato ripening, tomatoes at the late green mature stage were conditioned with one of two CO2 delivery methods: 5% CO2 for 14 days (T1) or 100% CO2 for 3 h (T2). Conventional physical and chemical characterization found that CO2 induced by either T1 or T2 delayed tomato ripening in terms of color change, firmness, and carbohydrate dissolution. However, T1 had longer-lasting effects. Furthermore, ethylene production was suppressed by CO2 in T1, and promoted in T2. These physical observations were further evaluated via RNA-Seq analysis at the whole-genome level, including genes involved in ethylene synthesis, signal transduction, and carotenoid biosynthesis. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that the introduction of CO2 via the T1 method downregulated genes related to fruit ripening; in contrast, T2 upregulated the gene encoding for ACS6, the enzyme responsible for S1 ethylene synthesis, even though there was a large amount of ethylene present, indicating that T1 and T2 regulate tomato ripening via different mechanisms. Quantitative real-time PCR assays (qRT-PCR) were used for validation, which substantiated the RNA-Seq data. The results of the present research provide insight into gene regulation by CO2 during tomato ripening at the whole-genome level.
西红柿是一种易腐烂的时令水果，具有很高的经济效益。在其他几种试剂中，二氧化碳(CO2)用于延长番茄的保质期，并在冷藏或包装期间保持其质量。为了深入了解番茄成熟过程中的二氧化碳胁迫，研究人员对绿成熟后期的番茄进行了两种CO2输送方法之一的调节:5% CO2 14天(T1)或100% CO2 3小时(T2)。常规理化表征发现，T1或T2诱导的CO2在颜色变化、硬度和碳水化合物溶解方面延迟了番茄的成熟。然而，T1有更持久的效果。此外，CO2在T1阶段抑制了乙烯的生成，在T2阶段促进了乙烯的生成。这些物理观察结果通过全基因组水平的RNA-Seq分析进一步评估，包括参与乙烯合成、信号转导和类胡萝卜素生物合成的基因。转录组学分析表明，通过T1方法引入CO2可下调果实成熟相关基因;相比之下，即使存在大量乙烯，T2也上调了负责S1乙烯合成酶ACS6的基因编码，这表明T1和T2通过不同的机制调节番茄成熟。采用实时荧光定量PCR (qRT-PCR)进行验证，证实了RNA-Seq数据。本研究的结果提供了在全基因组水平上对番茄成熟过程中二氧化碳基因调控的见解。
{"title":"Transcriptomics Analysis of Tomato Ripening Regulated by Carbon Dioxide","authors":"J. Bobokalonov, Yanhong Liu, Karley K. Mahalak, Jenni Firrman, S. Sheen, Siyuan Zhou, Linshu Liu","doi":"10.3390/sci5030026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5030026","url":null,"abstract":"Tomatoes are a perishable and seasonal fruit with a high economic impact. Carbon dioxide (CO2), among several other reagents, is used to extend the shelf-life and preserve the quality of tomatoes during refrigeration or packaging. To obtain insight into CO2 stress during tomato ripening, tomatoes at the late green mature stage were conditioned with one of two CO2 delivery methods: 5% CO2 for 14 days (T1) or 100% CO2 for 3 h (T2). Conventional physical and chemical characterization found that CO2 induced by either T1 or T2 delayed tomato ripening in terms of color change, firmness, and carbohydrate dissolution. However, T1 had longer-lasting effects. Furthermore, ethylene production was suppressed by CO2 in T1, and promoted in T2. These physical observations were further evaluated via RNA-Seq analysis at the whole-genome level, including genes involved in ethylene synthesis, signal transduction, and carotenoid biosynthesis. Transcriptomics analysis revealed that the introduction of CO2 via the T1 method downregulated genes related to fruit ripening; in contrast, T2 upregulated the gene encoding for ACS6, the enzyme responsible for S1 ethylene synthesis, even though there was a large amount of ethylene present, indicating that T1 and T2 regulate tomato ripening via different mechanisms. Quantitative real-time PCR assays (qRT-PCR) were used for validation, which substantiated the RNA-Seq data. The results of the present research provide insight into gene regulation by CO2 during tomato ripening at the whole-genome level.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"158 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77484744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lea M. Morath, Roger J. Guillory, A. A. Oliver, S. Q. Liu, Martin L. Bocks, G. Levy, J. Drelich, J. Goldman
Platinum-containing stents are commonly used in humans with hypercholesterolemia, whereas preclinical stent evaluation has commonly been performed in healthy animal models, providing inadequate information about stent performance under hypercholesterolemic conditions. In this investigation, we used an ApoE−/− mouse model to test the impact of hypercholesterolemia on neointima formation on platinum-containing implants. We implanted 125 μm diameter platinum wires into the abdominal aortas of ApoE−/− and ApoE+/+ mice for 6 months, followed by histological and immunofluorescence examination of neointimal size and composition. It was found that ApoE−/− mice developed neointimas with four times larger area and ten times greater thickness than ApoE+/+ counterparts. Neointimas developed in the ApoE−/− mice also contained higher amounts of lipids quantified as having 370 times more coverage compared to ApoE+/+, a 3-fold increase in SMCs, and a 22-fold increase in macrophages. A confluent endothelium had regenerated in both mouse strains. The ApoE−/− mice experienced luminal reductions more closely resembling clinically relevant restenosis in humans. Overall, the response to platinum arterial implants was highly dependent upon the atherogenic environment.
{"title":"Conventional Platinum Metal Implants Provoke Restenosis Responses in Atherogenic but Not Healthy Arteries","authors":"Lea M. Morath, Roger J. Guillory, A. A. Oliver, S. Q. Liu, Martin L. Bocks, G. Levy, J. Drelich, J. Goldman","doi":"10.3390/sci5020025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5020025","url":null,"abstract":"Platinum-containing stents are commonly used in humans with hypercholesterolemia, whereas preclinical stent evaluation has commonly been performed in healthy animal models, providing inadequate information about stent performance under hypercholesterolemic conditions. In this investigation, we used an ApoE−/− mouse model to test the impact of hypercholesterolemia on neointima formation on platinum-containing implants. We implanted 125 μm diameter platinum wires into the abdominal aortas of ApoE−/− and ApoE+/+ mice for 6 months, followed by histological and immunofluorescence examination of neointimal size and composition. It was found that ApoE−/− mice developed neointimas with four times larger area and ten times greater thickness than ApoE+/+ counterparts. Neointimas developed in the ApoE−/− mice also contained higher amounts of lipids quantified as having 370 times more coverage compared to ApoE+/+, a 3-fold increase in SMCs, and a 22-fold increase in macrophages. A confluent endothelium had regenerated in both mouse strains. The ApoE−/− mice experienced luminal reductions more closely resembling clinically relevant restenosis in humans. Overall, the response to platinum arterial implants was highly dependent upon the atherogenic environment.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"65 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83457661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apis mellifera L. is considered one of the most important pollinators in nature. Unfortunately, in addition to other insect species, honey bee populations are decreasing at an alarming rate, urging researchers to investigate the causes and stressors that precipitated this decline. This study focuses on chemical stressors that are found to affect bee populations. We used pollen and honey samples to examine the variations in pesticides, selenium, and heavy metals in two different landscapes: urban and agricultural areas of northeastern Colorado, USA. Subsequently, we extrapolated the risks of these toxins’ residues to Apis spp. Based on the current literature, we found no spatial variations in metal and selenium concentrations in the pollen and honey samples collected from urban and agricultural areas. Moreover, we observed no spatial variations in pesticide concentrations in pollen and honey samples. Based on the previous literature and a comparison of the residues of heavy metals, selenium, and pesticides in our pollen and honey samples, we found that the heavy metal and selenium residues in some honey and pollen likely pose a severe health risk to honey bees. Although the levels of pesticide residues were below the documented thresholds of risk, we consider the possibility of synergistic chemical impacts. Our findings support future efforts to investigate the health risks associated with multiple-factor combinations.
{"title":"Assessment of Spatial Variations in Pesticide, Heavy Metal, and Selenium Residues in Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Products","authors":"M. Awad, R. Boone","doi":"10.3390/sci5020024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5020024","url":null,"abstract":"Apis mellifera L. is considered one of the most important pollinators in nature. Unfortunately, in addition to other insect species, honey bee populations are decreasing at an alarming rate, urging researchers to investigate the causes and stressors that precipitated this decline. This study focuses on chemical stressors that are found to affect bee populations. We used pollen and honey samples to examine the variations in pesticides, selenium, and heavy metals in two different landscapes: urban and agricultural areas of northeastern Colorado, USA. Subsequently, we extrapolated the risks of these toxins’ residues to Apis spp. Based on the current literature, we found no spatial variations in metal and selenium concentrations in the pollen and honey samples collected from urban and agricultural areas. Moreover, we observed no spatial variations in pesticide concentrations in pollen and honey samples. Based on the previous literature and a comparison of the residues of heavy metals, selenium, and pesticides in our pollen and honey samples, we found that the heavy metal and selenium residues in some honey and pollen likely pose a severe health risk to honey bees. Although the levels of pesticide residues were below the documented thresholds of risk, we consider the possibility of synergistic chemical impacts. Our findings support future efforts to investigate the health risks associated with multiple-factor combinations.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85470425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rupak Kumar Das, Anna Martin, Tom Zurales, Dale Dowling, Arshia A. Khan
Electroencephalography (EEG) is a mechanism to understand the brain’s functioning by analyzing brain electrical signals. More recently, it has been more commonly used in studies that are focused on the causation and effect of dementia. More tools are now available to gather EEG data. This brings about the challenge of understanding brain signals, which involves signal processing. Professionals with an electrical engineering background are very comfortable analyzing EEG data. Still, scientists in computer science and related fields need a source that can identify all the tools available and the process of analyzing the data. This paper deals specifically with the existing EEG data analysis tools and the processes involved in analyzing the EEG data using these tools. Furthermore, the paper goes in-depth into identifying the tools and the mechanisms of data processing techniques. In addition, it lists a set of definitions required for a better understanding of EEG data analysis, which can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a reference for not only scientists that are new to EEG data analysis but also seasoned scientists that are looking for a specific data component in EEG and can go straight to the section of the paper that deals with the tool that they are using.
{"title":"A Survey on EEG Data Analysis Software","authors":"Rupak Kumar Das, Anna Martin, Tom Zurales, Dale Dowling, Arshia A. Khan","doi":"10.3390/sci5020023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5020023","url":null,"abstract":"Electroencephalography (EEG) is a mechanism to understand the brain’s functioning by analyzing brain electrical signals. More recently, it has been more commonly used in studies that are focused on the causation and effect of dementia. More tools are now available to gather EEG data. This brings about the challenge of understanding brain signals, which involves signal processing. Professionals with an electrical engineering background are very comfortable analyzing EEG data. Still, scientists in computer science and related fields need a source that can identify all the tools available and the process of analyzing the data. This paper deals specifically with the existing EEG data analysis tools and the processes involved in analyzing the EEG data using these tools. Furthermore, the paper goes in-depth into identifying the tools and the mechanisms of data processing techniques. In addition, it lists a set of definitions required for a better understanding of EEG data analysis, which can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is to serve as a reference for not only scientists that are new to EEG data analysis but also seasoned scientists that are looking for a specific data component in EEG and can go straight to the section of the paper that deals with the tool that they are using.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89579921","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jens Neuhüttler, Maximilian Feike, Janika Kutz, Christian Blümel, B. Bienzeisler
In recent years, a complex set of dynamic developments driven by both the economy and the emergence of digital technologies has put pressure on manufacturing companies to adapt. The concept of servitization, i.e., the shift from a product-centric to a service-centric value creation logic, can help manufacturing companies stabilize their business in such volatile times. Existing academic literature investigates the potential and challenges of servitization and the associated development of data-based services, so-called smart services, with a view to external market performance. However, with the increasing use of digital technologies in manufacturing and the development of internal smart services based on them, we argue that the existing insights on external servitization are also of interest for internal transformation. In this paper, we identify key findings from service literature, apply them to digital factory transformation, and structure them into six fields of action along the dimensions of people, technology, and organization. As a result, recommendations for designing digital factory transformation in manufacturing companies are derived from the perspective of servitization and developing internal smart services.
{"title":"Digital Factory Transformation from a Servitization Perspective: Fields of Action for Developing Internal Smart Services","authors":"Jens Neuhüttler, Maximilian Feike, Janika Kutz, Christian Blümel, B. Bienzeisler","doi":"10.3390/sci5020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sci5020022","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, a complex set of dynamic developments driven by both the economy and the emergence of digital technologies has put pressure on manufacturing companies to adapt. The concept of servitization, i.e., the shift from a product-centric to a service-centric value creation logic, can help manufacturing companies stabilize their business in such volatile times. Existing academic literature investigates the potential and challenges of servitization and the associated development of data-based services, so-called smart services, with a view to external market performance. However, with the increasing use of digital technologies in manufacturing and the development of internal smart services based on them, we argue that the existing insights on external servitization are also of interest for internal transformation. In this paper, we identify key findings from service literature, apply them to digital factory transformation, and structure them into six fields of action along the dimensions of people, technology, and organization. As a result, recommendations for designing digital factory transformation in manufacturing companies are derived from the perspective of servitization and developing internal smart services.","PeriodicalId":10987,"journal":{"name":"Decis. Sci.","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80737682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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