Dermatologische Monatschrift最新文献

The effect of different urea concentrations on the skin penetration of hydrocortisone from topically applied vehicle was investigated. Therefore 14C-labeled urea and 3H-labeled hydrocortisone were determined simultaneously in different layers of human skin. It could be shown an increased penetration of hydrocortisone is dependent above all on penetrated urea amount into the horny layer and on the distribution of penetrated urea in the horny layer. Hence follows a strong vehicle dependence from penetration promotion of hydrocortisone as an example for glucocorticoids by urea can be deduced. For the using of the penetration promoting effect of urea at the development of glucocorticoid containing ointments the knowledge of the glucocorticoid and urea penetration in each vehicle is indispensable.

17 children suffering from neurodermatitis, aged 2 to 14 years, were treated with ketotifen at a dosage of 1 mg twice daily. In 7 children polyvalent therapy was given. Ketotifen therapy produced a pronounced alleviation of the itching within only two weeks and the patients became entirely itching free after 20 days on an average. The improvement of skin lesions appeared after two months of treatment. Patients became entirely skin lesions free between seven and nine months. In three patients the deterioration of skin lesions was triggered with infection. With regard to long-lasting of Ketotifen therapy, the side effects were not observed.

By means of monoclonal antibodies (mab) and alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline-phosphatase (APAAP) technique, the distribution and characteristics of lymphocytic infiltrates were studied in biopsies from 15 patients with bullous pemphigoid (b.P.) and 5 patients with pemphigus vulgaris (P.v.). The biopsies were obtained from freshly developed blisters along with perilesional tissue. The lymphocytic infiltrates in b.P. as well as in P.v. were located in the area of the fresh lesions and consisted almost exclusively of T cells (CD3 positive lymphocytes). In b.P., the discrepancy between a decreased number of CD2 positive lymphocytes (10-20%) and markedly higher number of CD3 staining cells (50-60% of all infiltrate cells) was striking. The characterization of the T cell subpopulations in both dermatoses showed mainly T helper cell infiltrates (CD4), while only up to 10% of T suppressor cells (CD8) were detected. CD45R positive (CD4+/CD45R+: suppression inducing) as well as CD29-positive (CD4+CD29+: cells which provide help for antibody production) T-cell subpopulations were detected in both dermatoses particularly adjacent to blister in up to 10% of the cell infiltrates. Epidermal staining with CD29 mab in b.P. up to the stratum spinosum and in P.v. within intraepidermal blisters was detected. By means of CD19 and CD21 mab B lymphocytes were minimal. Perivascular individual cell staining occurred with CD7 CD16, CD56 and CD57 mab (K/NK cells) in b.P. as well as in P.v. patients. The predominance in T cell infiltrates, particularly T helper cells, suggests the role of cellular immune mechanism in the pathogenesis of these diseases, in b.P. the CD2 antigen (SE receptor) appears to be of particular importance.

22 patients suffering from exanthematic psoriasis were irradiated with the UV-lamps UVS 65-2 (Narva, Brand-Erbisdorf) or TL-01 (Philips Company, Eindhoven, Niederlande) respectively. The latter one emits a narrow-band UV-spectrum at 311 nm which seems to be most suitable for the treatment of psoriasis. On our condition the clearing rate was higher and the cumulative irradiation dose was significantly lower with the TL-01 lamp.

According to the present state of findings there are melanocyte-stimulating hormones (MSH) alpha, beta, gamma and delta with hormone alpha-MSH special physiological importance for man. Our study of special literature shows that the secretion of MSH is affected by exogene factors, different biorhythms and some diseases. Numerous investigation with melanocytes and melanoma cell cultures clearly show the impact of MSH on the function, regulation and the proliferation of pigment cells. The results presented contribute to the discussion of possibilities of improving diagnostics or therapy of malignant melanoma.

Before and after skin treatment by ultraviolet radiation, infrared radiation or visible light the ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) to form oxygen intermediates was investigated in 31 healthy volunteers. Superoxide production was evaluated photometrically as the reduction of Iodonitrotetrazoliumchloride (INT). After whole body treatment by 4 UV exposures all persons exhibited significantly enhanced rates of INT-reduction for 26-62 days. The in vivo half-time of PMN is 5-7 hours. Therefore a direct effect of irradiation over that long period is rather unlikely, suggesting that mediators should play a crucial role in signal transduction from the skin to the peripheral blood cells. Most likely candidates for connective links are interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF).