Abstract Concor is a beta-blocker drug used to treat high blood pressure, acute coronary syndrome, and to control the rapid pulse of the heart such as atrial fibrillation. Some of its adverse effects include hepatitis, increased triglycerides and liver enzymes. Monitoring liver and kidney functions in patients with hepatic or renal impairment who are taking concor is recommended. The current study was undertaken to define whether vitamin A could improve structural changes in the liver and kidneys. The 24 rats were grouped into the following. The first group was control. The second group was given Vitamin A (5000 IU). Group 3: given concor at a daily dose of 0.9 mg/kg B. wt. Group IV: received concor (0.9 mg/kg B. wt.) and Vitamin A (5000 IU) orally. After 4 weeks, the kidney of the treated group 3 exhibited degenerative alterations in the glomeruli, enlargement of Bowman’s space and the epithelium of the proximal kidney tubules showed vacuolar degeneration with necrosis. Liver sections showed degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein, dilation of sinusoids and inflammatory cell infiltration. Group 4 showed mild degeneration in the glomeruli, expansion of Bowman’s space and mild degeneration of tubular epithelium, and normal architecture of the liver with increased Kupffer cells. From this study, we concluded that concor drug induces structural changes in the liver and kidney and these effects were improved by Vitamin A administration.
{"title":"The protective effect of vitamin A on Concor induced structural changes of the liver and kidney in adult rats","authors":"M. Ahmed, Faten Dhanoon Taeel","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0034","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Concor is a beta-blocker drug used to treat high blood pressure, acute coronary syndrome, and to control the rapid pulse of the heart such as atrial fibrillation. Some of its adverse effects include hepatitis, increased triglycerides and liver enzymes. Monitoring liver and kidney functions in patients with hepatic or renal impairment who are taking concor is recommended. The current study was undertaken to define whether vitamin A could improve structural changes in the liver and kidneys. The 24 rats were grouped into the following. The first group was control. The second group was given Vitamin A (5000 IU). Group 3: given concor at a daily dose of 0.9 mg/kg B. wt. Group IV: received concor (0.9 mg/kg B. wt.) and Vitamin A (5000 IU) orally. After 4 weeks, the kidney of the treated group 3 exhibited degenerative alterations in the glomeruli, enlargement of Bowman’s space and the epithelium of the proximal kidney tubules showed vacuolar degeneration with necrosis. Liver sections showed degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes, congestion of the central vein, dilation of sinusoids and inflammatory cell infiltration. Group 4 showed mild degeneration in the glomeruli, expansion of Bowman’s space and mild degeneration of tubular epithelium, and normal architecture of the liver with increased Kupffer cells. From this study, we concluded that concor drug induces structural changes in the liver and kidney and these effects were improved by Vitamin A administration.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"191 - 197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48523175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Gupta, Aditya Ghuge, Manasi Parab, Yehya Al-Refaei, Anjali Khandare, N. Dand, Nilkamal Waghmare
Abstract Any chosen analytical method should be subtle, precise, fast and exact to begin the guarantee that the material used in the manufacturing is free of unsolicited impurity, the existence of which may vary the safety and effectiveness of the drug product. The techniques of HPLC and UPLC have established their part in pharmaceutical cleaning validation. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the main pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis approach utilized today because it generates highly efficient separations, and in most circumstances, it provides high detection sensitivity. Applying the HPLC method has several advantages compared to other methods, among others, specificity, rapidity, accuracy, precision, and the ease of automation. Due to the aforementioned, most drugs in a multi-component dosage form can be analyzed. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) is a modern-day technique that gives a new track for liquid chromatography. UPLC provides the user with speed of application, resolution and sensitivity. The quantification and separation in UPLC are done under very high pressure (up to 100M Pa). High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) has improved and innovative separation efficacy and detection limits. It is a cultured and automated form of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and is based on the use of an optimized silica gel 60 with a significantly smaller particle size than which is used for TLC. The previously stated analytical methods are employed for purity control of chemicals, steroids, pesticides, and water analysis, water-soluble food dyes, vitamins, pesticides in vegetables, fruits, and other foodstuffs. The current updates in the techniques allow us to understand the increased utilization of these methods in the current eras.
{"title":"A comparative review on High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) & High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) with current updates","authors":"M. Gupta, Aditya Ghuge, Manasi Parab, Yehya Al-Refaei, Anjali Khandare, N. Dand, Nilkamal Waghmare","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0039","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Any chosen analytical method should be subtle, precise, fast and exact to begin the guarantee that the material used in the manufacturing is free of unsolicited impurity, the existence of which may vary the safety and effectiveness of the drug product. The techniques of HPLC and UPLC have established their part in pharmaceutical cleaning validation. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is the main pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis approach utilized today because it generates highly efficient separations, and in most circumstances, it provides high detection sensitivity. Applying the HPLC method has several advantages compared to other methods, among others, specificity, rapidity, accuracy, precision, and the ease of automation. Due to the aforementioned, most drugs in a multi-component dosage form can be analyzed. Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) is a modern-day technique that gives a new track for liquid chromatography. UPLC provides the user with speed of application, resolution and sensitivity. The quantification and separation in UPLC are done under very high pressure (up to 100M Pa). High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) has improved and innovative separation efficacy and detection limits. It is a cultured and automated form of Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and is based on the use of an optimized silica gel 60 with a significantly smaller particle size than which is used for TLC. The previously stated analytical methods are employed for purity control of chemicals, steroids, pesticides, and water analysis, water-soluble food dyes, vitamins, pesticides in vegetables, fruits, and other foodstuffs. The current updates in the techniques allow us to understand the increased utilization of these methods in the current eras.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"224 - 228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42434708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Piskur, L. Pylypiv, O. Shvets, M. Sakhelashvili, O. Kostyk, Olga Sakhelashvili-Bil
Abstract Pediatric tuberculosis is a health problem of special significance because it is a marker for current transmission of tuberculosis in society. The research aimed at analyzing the peculiarities of detection and course of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) taking into account the profile of drug resistance. A retrospective study of medical charts of children with EPTB (n = 47; 1st group) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) (n = 49; 2nd group) aged 0-15 for 2013-2020 has been conducted. 2 subgroups with EPTB were identified separately: resistant (EPRTB) (n = 23) and sensitive (EPSTB) (n = 24). Results and discussion. The frequency of EPTB was 9.8%. Tuberculosis of peripheral LN (40.5%), CNS (27.7%), bones and joints (23.4%) was significantly more often diagnosed, than other lesions. Almost half of children with EPTB had a miliary distribution. In 44.7% of children with EPTB contact with a patient with tuberculosis was not established. EPRTB was significantly more common among children under 1 and up to 3 years of age than EPSTB. The resistance to combination of HR (73.6%) was found more often than to HRES (10.5%), HRS, H and Z (5.3% each; p<0.01). In 73.9% of children with EPRTB was detected when seeking medical care, in 13.0% the time to diagnosing lasted 6 months. Among children with EPRTB, gradual course was more frequent and in 47.8% intoxication syndrome was dominating. 78.3% of children with EPRTB were not vaccinated. Conclusion. The above indicates the need to intensify preventive measures against tuberculosis among children, especially at risk groups, make monitoring of contacts and their treatment.
{"title":"Peculiarities of the detection and course of the pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis taking into account drug resistance","authors":"Z. Piskur, L. Pylypiv, O. Shvets, M. Sakhelashvili, O. Kostyk, Olga Sakhelashvili-Bil","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0023","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Pediatric tuberculosis is a health problem of special significance because it is a marker for current transmission of tuberculosis in society. The research aimed at analyzing the peculiarities of detection and course of pediatric extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) taking into account the profile of drug resistance. A retrospective study of medical charts of children with EPTB (n = 47; 1st group) and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) (n = 49; 2nd group) aged 0-15 for 2013-2020 has been conducted. 2 subgroups with EPTB were identified separately: resistant (EPRTB) (n = 23) and sensitive (EPSTB) (n = 24). Results and discussion. The frequency of EPTB was 9.8%. Tuberculosis of peripheral LN (40.5%), CNS (27.7%), bones and joints (23.4%) was significantly more often diagnosed, than other lesions. Almost half of children with EPTB had a miliary distribution. In 44.7% of children with EPTB contact with a patient with tuberculosis was not established. EPRTB was significantly more common among children under 1 and up to 3 years of age than EPSTB. The resistance to combination of HR (73.6%) was found more often than to HRES (10.5%), HRS, H and Z (5.3% each; p<0.01). In 73.9% of children with EPRTB was detected when seeking medical care, in 13.0% the time to diagnosing lasted 6 months. Among children with EPRTB, gradual course was more frequent and in 47.8% intoxication syndrome was dominating. 78.3% of children with EPRTB were not vaccinated. Conclusion. The above indicates the need to intensify preventive measures against tuberculosis among children, especially at risk groups, make monitoring of contacts and their treatment.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"123 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43623794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia. Despite significant advances in its treatment, it still remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the last two decades, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was developed as the most effective treatment option. The reported effectiveness of a single ablation procedure ranges from 40% to 69% with single, and up to 88% with repeated procedures, with acceptable safety profile. The PubMed database was searched, using terms including ‘atrial fibrillation ablation’, ‘pulmonary vein isolation’, ‘computed tomography’, ‘pulmonary vein anatomy’ and ‘ovality index’. Papers were reviewed for relevance and scientific merit. Different imaging techniques are used for pre-procedural assessment of left atrial (LA) anatomy, of which computed tomography (CT) is the most common. It allows assessing pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy, the LA wall thickness in different regions and the left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomy, together with excluding the presence of intracardiac thrombi. Pre-procedural PVs imaging is important regardless of the selected ablation technique, however, cryoballoon (CB) ablation seems to be particularly anatomy-dependent. Additionally, CT also permits assessment of several PVs characteristics (geometry, dimensions, angulations, the ostium area, orientation and ovality index (OI), which are essential for the patients’ qualification and designing the strategy of AF ablation. In this paper, we have reviewed the role of CT imaging in patients undergoing ablation procedure due to recurrent/symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Moreover, we discussed the relevant literature.
{"title":"Atrial fibrillation ablation: the position of computed tomography in pre-procedural imaging","authors":"Milena Stachyra, A. Głowniak, E. Czekajska-Chehab","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0022","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia. Despite significant advances in its treatment, it still remains one of the leading causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. In the last two decades, pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) was developed as the most effective treatment option. The reported effectiveness of a single ablation procedure ranges from 40% to 69% with single, and up to 88% with repeated procedures, with acceptable safety profile. The PubMed database was searched, using terms including ‘atrial fibrillation ablation’, ‘pulmonary vein isolation’, ‘computed tomography’, ‘pulmonary vein anatomy’ and ‘ovality index’. Papers were reviewed for relevance and scientific merit. Different imaging techniques are used for pre-procedural assessment of left atrial (LA) anatomy, of which computed tomography (CT) is the most common. It allows assessing pulmonary vein (PV) anatomy, the LA wall thickness in different regions and the left atrial appendage (LAA) anatomy, together with excluding the presence of intracardiac thrombi. Pre-procedural PVs imaging is important regardless of the selected ablation technique, however, cryoballoon (CB) ablation seems to be particularly anatomy-dependent. Additionally, CT also permits assessment of several PVs characteristics (geometry, dimensions, angulations, the ostium area, orientation and ovality index (OI), which are essential for the patients’ qualification and designing the strategy of AF ablation. In this paper, we have reviewed the role of CT imaging in patients undergoing ablation procedure due to recurrent/symptomatic atrial fibrillation. Moreover, we discussed the relevant literature.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"116 - 122"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48514025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wiktoria Chodun-Wroblewska, B. Nieradko-Iwanicka, J. Iwanicki
Abstract Children need to play outdoors. It is a natural tendency for young children to put everything in their mouths. Hygienic condition of playgrounds is important for maintaining their health. Companion animals (dogs and cats) as well as wild animals can transmit parasites that cause zoonoses in humans. Such infections often affects children playing in sandpits and playgrounds. Sand samples taken from specific locations (sandboxes, playgrounds) can be tested for the presence of parasite eggs specific to humans and animals (Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris). They cause ascariasis, toxocarosis, trichurosis. Invasive eggs of the parasites due to the very thick, multi-layered egg shells are very resistant to the influence of climatic factors and to chemicals present in the environment. The only way to get rid of parasite eggs from locations where they endanger human health is to remove the top layer of sand or soil or completely replace the sand. However, this is a laborious and costly procedure. The aim of the project was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Lublin (Polnad) in terms of the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs. Thirty five samples of sand and soil obtained from 7 playgrounds in Lublin were obtained in May 2022 and tested for the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs with flotation method. In none of the examined samples the parasite eggs were found. The tested playgrounds in Lublin are hygienic and safe from eggs of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris.
{"title":"Testing sand and soil from selected playgrounds in Lublin for eggs of nematodes of the genus: Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris","authors":"Wiktoria Chodun-Wroblewska, B. Nieradko-Iwanicka, J. Iwanicki","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Children need to play outdoors. It is a natural tendency for young children to put everything in their mouths. Hygienic condition of playgrounds is important for maintaining their health. Companion animals (dogs and cats) as well as wild animals can transmit parasites that cause zoonoses in humans. Such infections often affects children playing in sandpits and playgrounds. Sand samples taken from specific locations (sandboxes, playgrounds) can be tested for the presence of parasite eggs specific to humans and animals (Ascaris, Toxocara, Trichuris). They cause ascariasis, toxocarosis, trichurosis. Invasive eggs of the parasites due to the very thick, multi-layered egg shells are very resistant to the influence of climatic factors and to chemicals present in the environment. The only way to get rid of parasite eggs from locations where they endanger human health is to remove the top layer of sand or soil or completely replace the sand. However, this is a laborious and costly procedure. The aim of the project was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Lublin (Polnad) in terms of the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs. Thirty five samples of sand and soil obtained from 7 playgrounds in Lublin were obtained in May 2022 and tested for the presence of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris eggs with flotation method. In none of the examined samples the parasite eggs were found. The tested playgrounds in Lublin are hygienic and safe from eggs of Ascaris, Toxocara, and Trichuris.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"133 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43548072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Durgaprasad, R. Malla, Bhamidipaty Durgananda Lahari, P. Vijayalakshmi, Indira Guntoory, Kolli Viswa Kalyan
Abstract This comes about because of a lack of predicted biomarkers in the risk analysis of CVD events in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The present study aimed to determine the clinical utility of independent, predictable biomarkers such as serum creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen and lipid profile as early predictors of CVD in CKD at stage III/IV. Methods. This is a case-control study that includes a sample size of 100 patients of cases and 100 patients of controls who were recruited from November 2020 to April 2021, from the Nephrology department of the Visakhapatnam tertiary care teaching hospital, and present with chronic kidney disease – stage III/IV. The subjects’ general conditions (age, gender, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and smoking history); underlying diseases (coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus) were recorded. Fasting venous blood samples were collected under aseptic conditions from the study group after taking informed consent. The measurement of serum creatinine was performed by modification of kinetic Jaffe reaction. The Cockcroft-Gault equation was used to calculate eGFR in both cases and controls. CRP testing was done with a Cobas C311 analyzer, using immunoturbidimetric assay. The Fibroquant kit from Tulip was employed to measure fibrinogen levels in blood samples, and enzymatic methods were applied for lipid profile analysis. Results. In this study, higher mean values of hsCRP (34.28 mg/dl), increased serum creatinine levels (2.876 mg/dl), reduced eGFR (28.37 mls/min), high levels of serum fibrinogen (291.6 mg/dl), and cholesterol (214.5 mg/dl), HDL (28.34 mg/dl), TG (162.1 mg/dl), VLDL (32.41 mg/dl) and LDL (153.77 mg/dl) were found to be independent predictors of assessment of CV events in patients with CKD stages III and IV as determined by Chi-square test. Conclusion. A prompt and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk in CKD patients would enable more aggressive and focused treatment of the individuals who are most in need of preventive interventions to decrease incident rates.
{"title":"Role of predictable biomarkers in early detection of cardiovascular events in Chronic Kidney Disease III and IV","authors":"B. Durgaprasad, R. Malla, Bhamidipaty Durgananda Lahari, P. Vijayalakshmi, Indira Guntoory, Kolli Viswa Kalyan","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This comes about because of a lack of predicted biomarkers in the risk analysis of CVD events in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. The present study aimed to determine the clinical utility of independent, predictable biomarkers such as serum creatinine, estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), high sensitive C-Reactive protein (hsCRP), fibrinogen and lipid profile as early predictors of CVD in CKD at stage III/IV. Methods. This is a case-control study that includes a sample size of 100 patients of cases and 100 patients of controls who were recruited from November 2020 to April 2021, from the Nephrology department of the Visakhapatnam tertiary care teaching hospital, and present with chronic kidney disease – stage III/IV. The subjects’ general conditions (age, gender, height, weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and smoking history); underlying diseases (coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus) were recorded. Fasting venous blood samples were collected under aseptic conditions from the study group after taking informed consent. The measurement of serum creatinine was performed by modification of kinetic Jaffe reaction. The Cockcroft-Gault equation was used to calculate eGFR in both cases and controls. CRP testing was done with a Cobas C311 analyzer, using immunoturbidimetric assay. The Fibroquant kit from Tulip was employed to measure fibrinogen levels in blood samples, and enzymatic methods were applied for lipid profile analysis. Results. In this study, higher mean values of hsCRP (34.28 mg/dl), increased serum creatinine levels (2.876 mg/dl), reduced eGFR (28.37 mls/min), high levels of serum fibrinogen (291.6 mg/dl), and cholesterol (214.5 mg/dl), HDL (28.34 mg/dl), TG (162.1 mg/dl), VLDL (32.41 mg/dl) and LDL (153.77 mg/dl) were found to be independent predictors of assessment of CV events in patients with CKD stages III and IV as determined by Chi-square test. Conclusion. A prompt and accurate assessment of cardiovascular risk in CKD patients would enable more aggressive and focused treatment of the individuals who are most in need of preventive interventions to decrease incident rates.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"99 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45561553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Ahad, Haranath Chinthaginjala, G. Reddy, Aravind Kumar Ganthala, Tharun Teja Siddhartha
Abstract The work is aimed at producing fast disintegrating diclofenac potassium tablets to relieve pain and tenderness by applying a quality-by-design approach. Diclofenac potassium (DP) is of BCS class II and has issues of minimal oral bioavailability. This can be overcome by complexing DP with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). The attempt was to optimize DP tablets by applying central composite design (CCD). Nine different DP tablet formulations were created and assessed for physicochemical constraints, disintegration time and drug dissolution at the end of 30 min. The separate and mutual consequences of β-CD and SSG on the disintegration time of DP tablets are highly significant (P<0.01). The DP tablets made with β-CD in 150 mg disintegrated rapidly within 39±2 sec, and gave very rapid drug dissolution (96.35±2.36%) at the end of 30 min. These DP tablets (F-8) contain β-CD (150 mg) and SSG at 32.07 mg. The intermittent levels of β-CD and higher levels of SSG gave good dissolution of DP tablets. The polynomial equation linking the response, i.e. disintegration time in sec (Y1) and the levels of β-CD (A) and SSG (B) based on the pragmatic results, is Y1=45-3.14277A- 2.46599B-1.25AB+1.75A2-0.5B2. In contrast, the DP release at the end of 30 min was expressed as Y2 = 88.57 + 4.09333A + 3.27837B + 1.2525AB - 2A2 + 0.8875B2. The study concludes that SSG decreases the disintegration time with its concentration and β-CD concentration ingresses the drug release from the formulation.
{"title":"Optimized Rapid Disintegrating Tablets produced through Central Composite Design","authors":"H. Ahad, Haranath Chinthaginjala, G. Reddy, Aravind Kumar Ganthala, Tharun Teja Siddhartha","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The work is aimed at producing fast disintegrating diclofenac potassium tablets to relieve pain and tenderness by applying a quality-by-design approach. Diclofenac potassium (DP) is of BCS class II and has issues of minimal oral bioavailability. This can be overcome by complexing DP with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and sodium starch glycolate (SSG). The attempt was to optimize DP tablets by applying central composite design (CCD). Nine different DP tablet formulations were created and assessed for physicochemical constraints, disintegration time and drug dissolution at the end of 30 min. The separate and mutual consequences of β-CD and SSG on the disintegration time of DP tablets are highly significant (P<0.01). The DP tablets made with β-CD in 150 mg disintegrated rapidly within 39±2 sec, and gave very rapid drug dissolution (96.35±2.36%) at the end of 30 min. These DP tablets (F-8) contain β-CD (150 mg) and SSG at 32.07 mg. The intermittent levels of β-CD and higher levels of SSG gave good dissolution of DP tablets. The polynomial equation linking the response, i.e. disintegration time in sec (Y1) and the levels of β-CD (A) and SSG (B) based on the pragmatic results, is Y1=45-3.14277A- 2.46599B-1.25AB+1.75A2-0.5B2. In contrast, the DP release at the end of 30 min was expressed as Y2 = 88.57 + 4.09333A + 3.27837B + 1.2525AB - 2A2 + 0.8875B2. The study concludes that SSG decreases the disintegration time with its concentration and β-CD concentration ingresses the drug release from the formulation.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"152 - 155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48558631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract There are many treatment modalities for COVID-19 – with varied outcome. Therefore, authors designed this study to assess prescribing patterns and the clinical outcome for hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19 so as to determine the most effective approach. Authors conducted a retrospective observational study on 346 adult patients with either severe or critical COVID-19, who were admitted to public hospitals in Al-Najaf city, Iraq from June to September 2020. Patients’ information, medications and outcomes were collected from their medical records in the registered office of the hospital. A total of 346 patients were enrolled, with a majority of patients being adults above 35 years old and male (70.2%). Most patients (81%) received corticosteroid as dexamethasone, and about 45% of all patients were given convalescent plasma therapy, while a few patients were prescribed antiviral favipiravir (23%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (19%). As supportive care medications, anticoagulant such as enoxaparin was administered to most of the patients (93%) and more than half of all patients received the broad-spectrum antibiotic, meropenem. The majority of the patients recovered and were discharged alive (66%), however, the in- hospital mortality rate was 26%. Interestingly, patients treated with enoxaparin alone or in combination with hydroxychloroquine were associated with better outcome. The prescribing pattern of COVID-19 specific medications and supportive care is aligned with guideline recommendations and associated with a beneficial therapeutic outcome.
{"title":"Pharmacotherapy prescribing pattern and outcome for hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19","authors":"H. Assad","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract There are many treatment modalities for COVID-19 – with varied outcome. Therefore, authors designed this study to assess prescribing patterns and the clinical outcome for hospitalized patients with severe and critical COVID-19 so as to determine the most effective approach. Authors conducted a retrospective observational study on 346 adult patients with either severe or critical COVID-19, who were admitted to public hospitals in Al-Najaf city, Iraq from June to September 2020. Patients’ information, medications and outcomes were collected from their medical records in the registered office of the hospital. A total of 346 patients were enrolled, with a majority of patients being adults above 35 years old and male (70.2%). Most patients (81%) received corticosteroid as dexamethasone, and about 45% of all patients were given convalescent plasma therapy, while a few patients were prescribed antiviral favipiravir (23%) and lopinavir/ritonavir (19%). As supportive care medications, anticoagulant such as enoxaparin was administered to most of the patients (93%) and more than half of all patients received the broad-spectrum antibiotic, meropenem. The majority of the patients recovered and were discharged alive (66%), however, the in- hospital mortality rate was 26%. Interestingly, patients treated with enoxaparin alone or in combination with hydroxychloroquine were associated with better outcome. The prescribing pattern of COVID-19 specific medications and supportive care is aligned with guideline recommendations and associated with a beneficial therapeutic outcome.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"106 - 110"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48290491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bartlomiej Ochyra, Maciej Szewczyk, A. Przybyłkowski
Abstract Medical literature is an important source of drug safety information relevant for signal detection, safety profile analysis and risk-benefit assessment. The main goal of our study was to assess the utility of domestic medical literature as a source of drug safety information. All safety information identified for active substances published between 1.01.2018-31.12.2019 in domestic medical journals published in Poland were analyzed. Four thousand seven hundred eighty-nine drug safety information was reported for 500 active substances. Two thousand and forty-four submissions dealing with drug safety (48.28%) were identified in the 10 journals from the list of analyzed journals (3 of these were identified in the 2019 JCR and 5 of these were indexed in the main scientific databases and 9 of these had an affiliation to scientific society). There was a correlation between journal impact factor and scientific database indexation with the number of published individual literature reports and type of safety information. Journals publishing in Polish constituted source for about 40% of all safety information published in the examined period. Journals indexed in Medline were the source of about 37% of all safety information while 42% was published in Embase. Local medical literature is a source of valuable safety information but the list of journals for monitoring should be carefully selected with particular attention to journals with impact factor.
{"title":"The drug safety information in domestic medical literature","authors":"Bartlomiej Ochyra, Maciej Szewczyk, A. Przybyłkowski","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Medical literature is an important source of drug safety information relevant for signal detection, safety profile analysis and risk-benefit assessment. The main goal of our study was to assess the utility of domestic medical literature as a source of drug safety information. All safety information identified for active substances published between 1.01.2018-31.12.2019 in domestic medical journals published in Poland were analyzed. Four thousand seven hundred eighty-nine drug safety information was reported for 500 active substances. Two thousand and forty-four submissions dealing with drug safety (48.28%) were identified in the 10 journals from the list of analyzed journals (3 of these were identified in the 2019 JCR and 5 of these were indexed in the main scientific databases and 9 of these had an affiliation to scientific society). There was a correlation between journal impact factor and scientific database indexation with the number of published individual literature reports and type of safety information. Journals publishing in Polish constituted source for about 40% of all safety information published in the examined period. Journals indexed in Medline were the source of about 37% of all safety information while 42% was published in Embase. Local medical literature is a source of valuable safety information but the list of journals for monitoring should be carefully selected with particular attention to journals with impact factor.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"111 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44700329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wiktoria Chodun-Wroblewska, Małgorzata Witkowska-Zimny, B. Nieradko-Iwanicka
Abstract Nematodes are invertebrates that inhabit the water and soil environment. Numerous nematodes are parasites of plants, animals and humans, especially children. Among the parasitic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases caused by nematodes are very common: eneterobiasis, ascariasis, and toxocarosis. From February 2022, we observe an intensive migration of people from Ukraine to the European Union countries: mainly to Poland (4.5 million) and to a lesser extent to Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. They are mostly women with children. In places where they find shelter, they try to provide children with the best possible conditions for their development. Hence the authors’ interest in hygienic conditions in the playgrounds of the European Union countries bordering Ukraine. The aim of the study was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland for eggs of nematodes Ascaris lumbricoides, Toxocara sp., and Trichuris trichiura. Twenty samples of sand and soil obtained from 4 playgrounds in Craiova (Romania), Miskolc (Hungary), Košice (Slovakia) and Lublin (Poland). In order to detect the presence of Toxocara canis/cati, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiura eggs, a modified flotation method was used. No eggs of parasites were found in the examined sand samples. The pilot study suggests that refugees can safely play in the playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland.
{"title":"Testing sand from selected playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland for eggs of nematodes at the time of massive migration of people from Ukraine to these countries – a pilot study","authors":"Wiktoria Chodun-Wroblewska, Małgorzata Witkowska-Zimny, B. Nieradko-Iwanicka","doi":"10.2478/cipms-2022-0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/cipms-2022-0024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Nematodes are invertebrates that inhabit the water and soil environment. Numerous nematodes are parasites of plants, animals and humans, especially children. Among the parasitic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diseases caused by nematodes are very common: eneterobiasis, ascariasis, and toxocarosis. From February 2022, we observe an intensive migration of people from Ukraine to the European Union countries: mainly to Poland (4.5 million) and to a lesser extent to Slovakia, Hungary and Romania. They are mostly women with children. In places where they find shelter, they try to provide children with the best possible conditions for their development. Hence the authors’ interest in hygienic conditions in the playgrounds of the European Union countries bordering Ukraine. The aim of the study was to examine samples from selected playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland for eggs of nematodes Ascaris lumbricoides, Toxocara sp., and Trichuris trichiura. Twenty samples of sand and soil obtained from 4 playgrounds in Craiova (Romania), Miskolc (Hungary), Košice (Slovakia) and Lublin (Poland). In order to detect the presence of Toxocara canis/cati, Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichiuris trichiura eggs, a modified flotation method was used. No eggs of parasites were found in the examined sand samples. The pilot study suggests that refugees can safely play in the playgrounds in Romania, Hungary, Slovakia and Poland.","PeriodicalId":11071,"journal":{"name":"Current Issues in Pharmacy and Medical Sciences","volume":"35 1","pages":"129 - 132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46018703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：