Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/0115701794260444230925095804
Mohammad Asif, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani
The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds has been a topic of research interest. Some five-membered heterocyclic compounds have been the subject of extensive research due to their different types of pharmacological effects. The five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives have a lot of interest in the fields of medical and agricultural chemistry due to their diverse spectrum of therapeutic activities. Various substituted pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone compounds exhibited diverse pharmacological effects like Anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, diuretic, anti-depressant, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antidiabetic, and antiviral, etc. In recent decades, the synthesis of numerous pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives by different synthetic methods as well as research into their chemical and biological behavior have become more important. This review focuses on synthetic methods of the pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives, which have significant biological properties and a variety of applications.
{"title":"Diverse Pharmacological Potential of different Substituted Pyrazole Derivatives.","authors":"Mohammad Asif, Mazen Almehmadi, Ahad Amer Alsaiari, Mamdouh Allahyani","doi":"10.2174/0115701794260444230925095804","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115701794260444230925095804","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The chemistry of heterocyclic compounds has been a topic of research interest. Some five-membered heterocyclic compounds have been the subject of extensive research due to their different types of pharmacological effects. The five-membered nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives have a lot of interest in the fields of medical and agricultural chemistry due to their diverse spectrum of therapeutic activities. Various substituted pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone compounds exhibited diverse pharmacological effects like Anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, anti-tubercular, anti-fungal, anti-malarial, anti-diabetic, diuretic, anti-depressant, anticonvulsant, antioxidant, anti-leishmanial, antidiabetic, and antiviral, etc. In recent decades, the synthesis of numerous pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives by different synthetic methods as well as research into their chemical and biological behavior have become more important. This review focuses on synthetic methods of the pyrazole, pyrazoline, and pyrazolone derivatives, which have significant biological properties and a variety of applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49675460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/0115701794264504231017113027
Amr Negm, Yasair S Al-Faiyz, Sayed M Riyadh, Abdelwahed R Sayed
Background: Heterocyclic materials-containing thiazoles exhibited incredible importance in pharmaceutical chemistry and drug design due to their extensive biological properties.
Methods: Synthesis of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles from the reaction of 2-((6-Nitrobenzo[ d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with hydrazonoyl chlorides in dioxane and in the existence of triethylamine as basic catalyst. The antioxidant, in vitro antiproliferative, and cytotoxicity efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were measured.
Results: In this work, novel series of 5-methyl-2-(2-(-(6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene) hydrazinyl)-4-(aryldiazenyl)thiazoles (4a-f) were prepared via the reaction of hydrazonoyl chlorides 2a-f with 2-((6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (1) in dioxane and employing triethylamine as basic catalyst. Following the same procedure, bisthiazoles (6, 8, and 10) have been synthesized by utilizing bis-hydrazonoyl chlorides (5, 7, and 9) and carbothioamide 1 in a molar ratio (1:2), respectively. The distinctive features in the structure of isolated products were elucidated by spectroscopic tools and elemental analyses. The antioxidant, in vitro anti-proliferative, cytotoxicity, and anti-cancer efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were evaluated. Compounds 4d and 4f were the most potent antioxidant agents. Gene expression of apoptosis markers and fragmentation assay of DNA were assessed to explore the biochemical mechanism of synthesized products. Thiazoles significantly inhibited cell growth and proliferation more than bis-thiazoles. They induced apoptosis through induction of apoptotic gene expression P53 and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene expression Bcl-2. Moreover, they induced fragmentation of DNA in cancer cells, indicating that they could be employed as anticancer agents by inhibiting tumor growth and progression and can be considered effective compounds in the strategy of anti-cancer agents' discovery.
Conclusion: Synthesis, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxic activity, and Apoptosis Induction Efficacy based on Novel Thiazoles and Bis-thiazoles.
{"title":"Synthesis, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxic Activity, and Apoptosis Induction Efficacy of Novel Thiazoles and Bis-thiazoles.","authors":"Amr Negm, Yasair S Al-Faiyz, Sayed M Riyadh, Abdelwahed R Sayed","doi":"10.2174/0115701794264504231017113027","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115701794264504231017113027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heterocyclic materials-containing thiazoles exhibited incredible importance in pharmaceutical chemistry and drug design due to their extensive biological properties.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Synthesis of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles from the reaction of 2-((6-Nitrobenzo[ d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide with hydrazonoyl chlorides in dioxane and in the existence of triethylamine as basic catalyst. The antioxidant, <i>in vitro</i> antiproliferative, and cytotoxicity efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this work, novel series of 5-methyl-2-(2-(-(6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene) hydrazinyl)-4-(aryldiazenyl)thiazoles (4a-f) were prepared <i>via</i> the reaction of hydrazonoyl chlorides 2a-f with 2-((6-nitrobenzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)methylene)hydrazine-1-carbothioamide (1) in dioxane and employing triethylamine as basic catalyst. Following the same procedure, bisthiazoles (6, 8, and 10) have been synthesized by utilizing bis-hydrazonoyl chlorides (5, 7, and 9) and carbothioamide 1 in a molar ratio (1:2), respectively. The distinctive features in the structure of isolated products were elucidated by spectroscopic tools and elemental analyses. The antioxidant, in vitro anti-proliferative, cytotoxicity, and anti-cancer efficacy of thiazoles and bis-thiazoles were evaluated. Compounds 4d and 4f were the most potent antioxidant agents. Gene expression of apoptosis markers and fragmentation assay of DNA were assessed to explore the biochemical mechanism of synthesized products. Thiazoles significantly inhibited cell growth and proliferation more than bis-thiazoles. They induced apoptosis through induction of apoptotic gene expression P53 and downregulation of antiapoptotic gene expression Bcl-2. Moreover, they induced fragmentation of DNA in cancer cells, indicating that they could be employed as anticancer agents by inhibiting tumor growth and progression and can be considered effective compounds in the strategy of anti-cancer agents' discovery.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Synthesis, DPPH Radical Scavenging, Cytotoxic activity, and Apoptosis Induction Efficacy based on Novel Thiazoles and Bis-thiazoles.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71479245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666221010094531
Rabecca Jenifer Vasanthan, Sheersha Pradhan, Mohan Das Thangamuthu
Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) - commonly known as the "click reaction" - serves as the most effective and highly reliable tool for facile construction of simple to complex designs at the molecular level. It relates to the formation of carbon heteroatomic systems by joining or clicking small molecular pieces together with the help of various organic reactions such as cycloaddition, conjugate addition, ring-opening, etc. Such dynamic strategy results in the generation of triazole and its derivatives from azides and alkynes with three nitrogen atoms in the five-membered aromatic azole ring that often forms gel-assembled structures having gelating properties. These scaffolds have led to prominent applications in designing advanced soft materials, 3D printing, ion sensing, drug delivery, photonics, separation, and purification. In this review, we mainly emphasize the different mechanistic aspects of triazole formation, which includes the synthesis of sugar-based and non-sugar-based triazoles, and their gel applications reported in the literature for the past ten years, as well as the upcoming scope in different branches of applied sciences.
{"title":"Emerging Aspects of Triazole in Organic Synthesis: Exploring its Potential as a Gelator.","authors":"Rabecca Jenifer Vasanthan, Sheersha Pradhan, Mohan Das Thangamuthu","doi":"10.2174/1570179420666221010094531","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179420666221010094531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cu(I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition (CuAAC) - commonly known as the \"click reaction\" - serves as the most effective and highly reliable tool for facile construction of simple to complex designs at the molecular level. It relates to the formation of carbon heteroatomic systems by joining or clicking small molecular pieces together with the help of various organic reactions such as cycloaddition, conjugate addition, ring-opening, etc. Such dynamic strategy results in the generation of triazole and its derivatives from azides and alkynes with three nitrogen atoms in the five-membered aromatic azole ring that often forms gel-assembled structures having gelating properties. These scaffolds have led to prominent applications in designing advanced soft materials, 3D printing, ion sensing, drug delivery, photonics, separation, and purification. In this review, we mainly emphasize the different mechanistic aspects of triazole formation, which includes the synthesis of sugar-based and non-sugar-based triazoles, and their gel applications reported in the literature for the past ten years, as well as the upcoming scope in different branches of applied sciences.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33499777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230428125251
Hussein Kaka Ahmed Khudhur, Awaz Jamil Hussein
Objective: In this study, a simple triethylammonium salt of phosphoric acid (triethylammonium dihydrogen phosphate) (4) in the liquid state was utilized as an inexpensive, efficient one-pot three components, solvent-free synthesis of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives, with good to excellent yields. Techniques such as FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 13C-NMR-DEPT-135, and MS. were used for the structural elucidation. The high biotic efficiency of the newly obtained compounds was confirmed by in vitro antimicrobial action against Gram-positive (S. Aureus), Gram-negative bacteria (P. Aeruginosa and E. Coli) and antifungal activity (C. Albicans) via microplate titer dilution technique. Finally, a molecular docking study was performed with a resolved crystal structure of S. Aureus D-alanine alanyl carrier protein ligase (PDB ID: 7VHV). This investigation aimed to synthesize a new series of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives combined with benzoxazole moiety.
Material and methods: Ionic liquid assistance one-pot solvent-free synthesis method used to synthesize a new series of thiazolidine-4-one derivative 10(a-e).
Results: Structural identification of new synthesis and biological evaluation via techniques of (IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 13C-NMR-DEPT-135, and MS).
Conclusion: Ionic liquid is utilized as an inexpensive, efficient one-pot three-component solvent-free synthesis of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives with good to excellent yields. Most of the synthesized compounds showed high biological and anti-fungal activity, in line with the docking study against mentioned microorganism and crystal structure of PDB (ID: 7VHV), respectively.
{"title":"Catalytic One-pot Solvent Free Synthesis, Biological Activity, and Docking Study of New Series of 1, 3-thiazolidine-4-one Derivatives Derived from 2- (P-tolyl) Benzoxazol-5-amine.","authors":"Hussein Kaka Ahmed Khudhur, Awaz Jamil Hussein","doi":"10.2174/1570179420666230428125251","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179420666230428125251","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>In this study, a simple triethylammonium salt of phosphoric acid (triethylammonium dihydrogen phosphate) (4) in the liquid state was utilized as an inexpensive, efficient one-pot three components, solvent-free synthesis of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives, with good to excellent yields. Techniques such as FT-IR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR-DEPT-135, and MS. were used for the structural elucidation. The high biotic efficiency of the newly obtained compounds was confirmed by <i>in vitro</i> antimicrobial action against Gram-positive (<i>S. Aureus</i>), Gram-negative bacteria (<i>P. Aeruginosa and E. Coli</i>) and antifungal activity (<i>C. Albicans</i>)<i> via</i> microplate titer dilution technique. Finally, a molecular docking study was performed with a resolved crystal structure of <i>S. Aureus</i> D-alanine alanyl carrier protein ligase (PDB ID: 7VHV). This investigation aimed to synthesize a new series of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives combined with benzoxazole moiety.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ionic liquid assistance one-pot solvent-free synthesis method used to synthesize a new series of thiazolidine-4-one derivative 10(a-e).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Structural identification of new synthesis and biological evaluation <i>via</i> techniques of (IR, <sup>1</sup>H-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR, <sup>13</sup>C-NMR-DEPT-135, and MS).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ionic liquid is utilized as an inexpensive, efficient one-pot three-component solvent-free synthesis of thiazolidine-4-one derivatives with good to excellent yields. Most of the synthesized compounds showed high biological and anti-fungal activity, in line with the docking study against mentioned microorganism and crystal structure of PDB (ID: 7VHV), respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48350435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230420100643
Alexey R Romanov, Evgeniy V Kondrashov, Sergey V Zinchenko
Introduction: A simple method for the preparation of 5-(trifluoroacetyl)imidazoles was elaborated.
Methods: The reaction of trifluoromethyl(α-bromoalkenyl)ketones with benzimidamides was employed to afford the target heterocycles in good yields.
Results: The assembly of imidazole core proceeds via aza-Michael adduct formation followed by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution and spontaneous aromatization as an oxidation sequence.
Conclusion: The yields of target imidazoles can be improved by the use of soft oxidizing agents.
{"title":"Synthesis of 5-(trifluoroacetyl)imidazoles from Bromoenones and Benzimidamides <i>via</i> Aza-Michael Initiated Ring Closure Reaction.","authors":"Alexey R Romanov, Evgeniy V Kondrashov, Sergey V Zinchenko","doi":"10.2174/1570179420666230420100643","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179420666230420100643","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>A simple method for the preparation of 5-(trifluoroacetyl)imidazoles was elaborated.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The reaction of trifluoromethyl(α-bromoalkenyl)ketones with benzimidamides was employed to afford the target heterocycles in good yields.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The assembly of imidazole core proceeds <i>via</i> aza-Michael adduct formation followed by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution and spontaneous aromatization as an oxidation sequence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The yields of target imidazoles can be improved by the use of soft oxidizing agents.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9385697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179421666230828103508
Monica Dinodia
Visible light-induced reactions are a rapidly developing and powerful technique to promote organic transformations. They provide green and sustainable chemistry and have recently received increasing attention from chemists due to their wide application in organic synthesis. Light energy is eco-friendly, cheap, green, and inexhaustible with potential industrial and pharmaceutical applications. In this review, the most recent advances in visible light-induced reactions (2021-till date) have been highlighted.
{"title":"A Recent Update on the Visible Light-promoted Organic Transformations - A Mini-review.","authors":"Monica Dinodia","doi":"10.2174/1570179421666230828103508","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179421666230828103508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visible light-induced reactions are a rapidly developing and powerful technique to promote organic transformations. They provide green and sustainable chemistry and have recently received increasing attention from chemists due to their wide application in organic synthesis. Light energy is eco-friendly, cheap, green, and inexhaustible with potential industrial and pharmaceutical applications. In this review, the most recent advances in visible light-induced reactions (2021-till date) have been highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10111440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
1, 3, 4-oxadiazole and its derivatives have significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial property. Their precise mechanism of action is not known but it is postulated that they act by inhibiting the biosynthesis of certain prostaglandins. 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with wide variety of biological and pharmacological activities. They have been reported to possess analgesic, antimicrobial, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds are also active against a number of other inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, gout etc. A wide variety of these compounds have been synthesized and some of them are under clinical trials. In this review article, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the 1, 3, 4- oxadiazole shall be discussed.
{"title":"Anti-inflammatory and Antimicrobial Potential of 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles and its Derivatives: A Review.","authors":"Tarun Chaudhary, Prabhat Kumar Upadhyay, Ritu Kataria","doi":"10.2174/0115701794265887231014061317","DOIUrl":"10.2174/0115701794265887231014061317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>1, 3, 4-oxadiazole and its derivatives have significant anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial property. Their precise mechanism of action is not known but it is postulated that they act by inhibiting the biosynthesis of certain prostaglandins. 1, 3, 4-oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic compounds with wide variety of biological and pharmacological activities. They have been reported to possess analgesic, antimicrobial, antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds are also active against a number of other inflammatory conditions such as arthritis, gout etc. A wide variety of these compounds have been synthesized and some of them are under clinical trials. In this review article, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity of the 1, 3, 4- oxadiazole shall be discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138458515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179421666230905094559
Muhammad Naseem, Hummera Rafique, Muhammad Tayyab, Aamer Saeed, Amara Mumtaz
Introduction: Benzothiazolamine-based bisthiourea precursors were prepared in good yields. These bisthiourea derivatives were cyclized into symmetrical Bis Methyl 2-[3-(benzothiazol- 2-yl)-2-terephthaloyl-bis-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetates, by their condensation with (DMAD) dimethyl but-2-meditate in the presence of dry methanol.
Materials and methods: All these compounds were evaluated for their biological applications. Antioxidant activities were performed by adopting a DPPH radical assay, and an in vitro enzyme inhibition assay was performed to investigate their enzyme inhibitory potential against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE).
Results: Molecular modeling and QSAR studies were performed to monitor the binding propensity of imidathiazolidinone derivatives with enzymes and DNA. Also, electronic and steric descriptors were calculated to determine the effect of structure on the activity of imidathiazolidinone derivatives.
Conclusion: The characterization of all the synthesized compounds was done by their physical data, FT-IR, NMR and elemental analysis.
简介:我们以良好的收率制备了苯并噻唑胺基双硫脲前体。这些双硫脲衍生物在干燥甲醇存在下,通过与(DMAD)二甲基丁-2-甲酸二甲酯缩合,环化成对称的双甲基 2-[3-(苯并噻唑- 2-基)-2-对苯二甲酰基-双-4-氧代-噻唑烷-5-亚基]乙酸酯:对所有这些化合物的生物应用进行了评估。抗氧化活性采用 DPPH 自由基测定法,体外酶抑制测定法研究了它们对丁酰胆碱酯酶(BChE)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)的酶抑制潜力:进行了分子建模和 QSAR 研究,以监测咪唑烷酮衍生物与酶和 DNA 的结合倾向。此外,还计算了电子和立体描述符,以确定结构对咪唑烷酮衍生物活性的影响:通过物理数据、傅立叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振和元素分析对所有合成化合物进行了表征。
{"title":"Design, Synthesis, QSAR Studies, and Molecular Modeling of Some Novel Bis Methyl 2-[3-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-2-terephthaloyl-bis-4-oxo-thiazolidin- 5-ylidene]acetates and Screening of their Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Properties.","authors":"Muhammad Naseem, Hummera Rafique, Muhammad Tayyab, Aamer Saeed, Amara Mumtaz","doi":"10.2174/1570179421666230905094559","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179421666230905094559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Benzothiazolamine-based bisthiourea precursors were prepared in good yields. These bisthiourea derivatives were cyclized into symmetrical Bis Methyl 2-[3-(benzothiazol- 2-yl)-2-terephthaloyl-bis-4-oxo-thiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetates, by their condensation with (DMAD) dimethyl but-2-meditate in the presence of dry methanol.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>All these compounds were evaluated for their biological applications. Antioxidant activities were performed by adopting a DPPH radical assay, and an <i>in vitro</i> enzyme inhibition assay was performed to investigate their enzyme inhibitory potential against butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Molecular modeling and QSAR studies were performed to monitor the binding propensity of imidathiazolidinone derivatives with enzymes and DNA. Also, electronic and steric descriptors were calculated to determine the effect of structure on the activity of imidathiazolidinone derivatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The characterization of all the synthesized compounds was done by their physical data, FT-IR, NMR and elemental analysis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10153499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179421666230831105337
Katrina E Doherty, Arturo L Sandoval, Fabrizio Politano, Mason L Witko, Chelsea M Schroeder, William P Brydon, Geoffrey P Wadey, Kristiane K Ohlhorst, Nicholas E Leadbeater
Background: Oxidation is a valuable tool in preparative organic chemistry. Oxoammonium salts and nitroxides have proven valuable as reagents and catalysts in this endeavor.
Objective: The objective of this study is to scale up the oxidative amidation, ester formation, and nitrile formation using nitroxide as an organocatalyst.
Methods: Oxidative functionalization reactions were scaled from the 1 mmol to the 1 mole level. Sodium persulfate was used as the primary oxidant, and a nitroxide was employed as a catalyst. The products of the reactions were isolated in analytically pure form by extraction with no need for column chromatography.
Results: The oxidative amidation and esterification of aldehydes can be scaled up from 1 mmol to 1 mole effectively, with comparable product yields being obtained at each increment. This work shows that conditions developed on a small scale can be transferred to a larger scale without reoptimization. The oxidative functionalization of aldehydes to prepare nitriles is not amenable to direct scale-up due to the concomitant formation of significant quantities of the corresponding carboxylic acid, thereby compromising the product yield.
Conclusion: Two of the three oxidative transformations studied here can be scaled up successfully from the 1 mmol to the 1 mole level.
{"title":"Scale-up of Sodium Persulfate Mediated, Nitroxide Catalyzed Oxidative Functionalization Reactions.","authors":"Katrina E Doherty, Arturo L Sandoval, Fabrizio Politano, Mason L Witko, Chelsea M Schroeder, William P Brydon, Geoffrey P Wadey, Kristiane K Ohlhorst, Nicholas E Leadbeater","doi":"10.2174/1570179421666230831105337","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179421666230831105337","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oxidation is a valuable tool in preparative organic chemistry. Oxoammonium salts and nitroxides have proven valuable as reagents and catalysts in this endeavor.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study is to scale up the oxidative amidation, ester formation, and nitrile formation using nitroxide as an organocatalyst.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Oxidative functionalization reactions were scaled from the 1 mmol to the 1 mole level. Sodium persulfate was used as the primary oxidant, and a nitroxide was employed as a catalyst. The products of the reactions were isolated in analytically pure form by extraction with no need for column chromatography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The oxidative amidation and esterification of aldehydes can be scaled up from 1 mmol to 1 mole effectively, with comparable product yields being obtained at each increment. This work shows that conditions developed on a small scale can be transferred to a larger scale without reoptimization. The oxidative functionalization of aldehydes to prepare nitriles is not amenable to direct scale-up due to the concomitant formation of significant quantities of the corresponding carboxylic acid, thereby compromising the product yield.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Two of the three oxidative transformations studied here can be scaled up successfully from the 1 mmol to the 1 mole level.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10132066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-01-01DOI: 10.2174/1570179420666230607124949
Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun
Background: Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.), belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, is a perennial rhizomatous plant of tropical and subtropical regions. The three major chemical components responsible for the biological activities of turmeric are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin.
Methods: The literature search included review articles, analytical studies, randomized control experiments, and observations, which have been gathered from various sources, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. A review of the literature was carried out using the keywords: turmeric, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Iranian medicine, traditional Indian medicine, curcumin, curcuminoids, pharmaceutical benefits, turmerone, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The main components of the rhizome of the leaf are α-turmerone, β-turmerone, and arturmerone.
Results: The notable health benefits of turmeric are antioxidant activity, gastrointestinal effects, anticancer effects, cardiovascular and antidiabetic effects, antimicrobial activity, photoprotector activity, hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects, and appropriate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory and edematic disorders.
Discussion: Curcuminoids are phenolic compounds usually used as pigment spices with many health benefits, such as antiviral, antitumour, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anticancer, and antifungal effects. Curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and demethoxycurcumin are the major active and stable bioactive constituents of curcuminoids. Curcumin, which is a hydroponic polyphenol, and the main coloring agent in the rhizomes of turmeric, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anticarcinogenic activities, as well as beneficial effects for infectious diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Bisdemethoxycurcumin possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-metastasis activities. Demethoxycurcumin, which is another major component, has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-cancer activities and is the appropriate candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
Conclusion: The goal of this review is to highlight the health benefits of turmeric in both traditional and modern pharmaceutical sciences by considering the important roles of curcuminoids and other major chemical constituents of turmeric.
背景:姜黄(Curcuma longa L.)属于姜科,是热带和亚热带地区的多年生根状茎植物。姜黄中具有生物活性的三种主要化学成分是姜黄素、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素:文献检索包括从 Scopus、Google Scholar、PubMed 和 ScienceDirect 等不同来源收集的综述文章、分析研究、随机对照实验和观察结果。文献综述的关键词包括:姜黄、传统中药、传统伊朗药、传统印度药、姜黄素、姜黄素类化合物、药物功效、姜黄酮、去甲氧基姜黄素和双去甲氧基姜黄素。叶根茎的主要成分是α-姜黄酮、β-姜黄酮和姜黄酚:姜黄对健康的显著益处包括抗氧化活性、胃肠道作用、抗癌作用、心血管和抗糖尿病作用、抗菌活性、光保护活性、保肝和保肾作用,并适用于治疗老年痴呆症、炎症和水肿性疾病:姜黄素是一种酚类化合物,通常用作色素香料,具有抗病毒、抗肿瘤、抗艾滋病毒、抗炎、抗寄生虫、抗癌和抗真菌等多种保健功效。姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素和去甲氧基姜黄素是姜黄素的主要活性和稳定的生物活性成分。姜黄素是一种水溶性多酚,也是姜黄根茎中的主要着色剂,具有抗炎、抗氧化、抗癌和抗癌活性,还对传染病和阿尔茨海默病有益。双去甲氧基姜黄素具有抗氧化、抗癌和抗转移活性。另一种主要成分去甲氧基姜黄素具有抗炎、抗增殖和抗癌活性,是治疗阿尔茨海默病的合适候选成分:本综述旨在通过研究姜黄素和姜黄中其他主要化学成分的重要作用,强调姜黄在传统和现代医药科学中对健康的益处。
{"title":"The Golden Spice for Life: Turmeric with the Pharmacological Benefits of Curcuminoids Components, Including Curcumin, Bisdemethoxycurcumin, and Demethoxycurcumins.","authors":"Mohamad Hesam Shahrajabian, Wenli Sun","doi":"10.2174/1570179420666230607124949","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1570179420666230607124949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Turmeric (<i>Curcuma longa</i> L.), belonging to the Zingiberaceae family, is a perennial rhizomatous plant of tropical and subtropical regions. The three major chemical components responsible for the biological activities of turmeric are curcumin, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The literature search included review articles, analytical studies, randomized control experiments, and observations, which have been gathered from various sources, such as Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. A review of the literature was carried out using the keywords: turmeric, traditional Chinese medicine, traditional Iranian medicine, traditional Indian medicine, curcumin, curcuminoids, pharmaceutical benefits, turmerone, demethoxycurcumin, and bisdemethoxycurcumin. The main components of the rhizome of the leaf are α-turmerone, β-turmerone, and arturmerone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The notable health benefits of turmeric are antioxidant activity, gastrointestinal effects, anticancer effects, cardiovascular and antidiabetic effects, antimicrobial activity, photoprotector activity, hepatoprotective and renoprotective effects, and appropriate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease and inflammatory and edematic disorders.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Curcuminoids are phenolic compounds usually used as pigment spices with many health benefits, such as antiviral, antitumour, anti-HIV, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, anticancer, and antifungal effects. Curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, and demethoxycurcumin are the major active and stable bioactive constituents of curcuminoids. Curcumin, which is a hydroponic polyphenol, and the main coloring agent in the rhizomes of turmeric, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anticarcinogenic activities, as well as beneficial effects for infectious diseases and Alzheimer's disease. Bisdemethoxycurcumin possesses antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-metastasis activities. Demethoxycurcumin, which is another major component, has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-cancer activities and is the appropriate candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The goal of this review is to highlight the health benefits of turmeric in both traditional and modern pharmaceutical sciences by considering the important roles of curcuminoids and other major chemical constituents of turmeric.</p>","PeriodicalId":11101,"journal":{"name":"Current organic synthesis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9592403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}