{"title":"Isolation and Characterization of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Bacteriophages from Poultry","authors":"Vasu Dev Hari Narayana K, K. Srikanth, Shaik Muzammil Pasha, Y. S. Goutham, C. Pasha","doi":"10.3923/crb.2023.17.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/crb.2023.17.26","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126961054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profile of Neonatal Infection and Immune Response Pattern","authors":"S. A. Yousef, W. Soliman","doi":"10.3923/crb.2021.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/crb.2021.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129996749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cloning of an Internal Fragment of pimA Gene Coding Glycosyl-transferase of Corynebacterium glutamicum","authors":"S. Ghanem, Jawaher A. Abdulha, Saleh A. Bahashw, Y. Alahmadi, Hatem M. El Shaf","doi":"10.3923/crb.2020.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/crb.2020.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114051836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of Bacterial Endotoxin Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Potential Interaction and TRPA1 Thermal Receptors on Synaptic Transmission","authors":"Jate W. Bernard, Nicole T Marguerite, M. Inks, R. Cooper","doi":"10.3923/crb.2020.10.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/crb.2020.10.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"222 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124391336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility of Fastidious and Non-fastidious Bacteria from African Swine Fever Pigs to Standard Antibiotics and ‘Luwine’","authors":"F. Adzitey, G. Aweligiya, R. Ekli","doi":"10.3923/crb.2019.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/crb.2019.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129896281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Species Identification of Clinical Coagulase-negative Staphylococci Isolated in Al-Shifa Hospital Gaza using Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-time of Flight Mass Spectrometry","authors":"Nahed Ali Al Lah","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2017.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2017.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134155546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Objectives: In Nigeria wild animals are hunted for meat mainly. Meanwhile, meat from wild animals are known to consist of pathogens apart from being contaminated by unhygienic environments (road sides) where they are mainly prepared and sold. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in samples of roasted bush meat prepared and sold along Ado-Ekiti-Ilesha road. Materials and Methods: A total of 182 roasted bush meat samples were collected in seven selected towns in Ekiti State, Nigeria between January and February, May and June, 2016 representing dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The samples were examined for the presence of enterococci within 2 h of collection. Standard methods were used to identify Enterococcus faecalis, determined its resistance to antibiotics and also determine the virulence factors in the sample. Results: A total of 91 (32.38%) out of 281 samples of roasted bush meat examined were contaminated with E. faecalis. The highest rate of contamination 61.22% was observed in samples collected from Igede-Ekiti while the least 6.70% was observed from samples collected in Ado-Ekiti. Rates of contamination among samples from other selected towns were, 40, 38.71 and 38.1% from Efon-Alaye-Ekiti, Iyin-Ekiti and Erio-Ekiti, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test results reveal that some of the isolates have acquired resistance to a number of antibiotics. High resistance rate was recorded against ampicillin 35.71%, followed by gentamicin 30.22%, ciprofloxacin 28.02% and ofloxacin 24.73%. The incidence of virulence factors was low in all the isolates with aggregation substance, haemolysin and gelatinase recording 7.69, 8.24 and 27.47%, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of virulence factors in E. faecalis is an evidence of potential pathogenesis. The roasted bush meat screened from road sides in Ekiti State was contaminated with E. faecalis. There is need for strict monitoring and proper hygiene education for the food handlers in the study area.
{"title":"Occurrence of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulent Factors in Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Bush Meat Roasted and Sold along Road Sides in Ekiti State","authors":"Olawale Adetunji Kola, D. Moses, Onasanya Amos, Ajayi Ayodele Oluwaseun, Osuntoyinbo Richard Tope, Idris Olayinka Oluwatoyin, Oje Opeyemi James","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2017.9.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2017.9.15","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: In Nigeria wild animals are hunted for meat mainly. Meanwhile, meat from wild animals are known to consist of pathogens apart from being contaminated by unhygienic environments (road sides) where they are mainly prepared and sold. The objective of this study was to investigate the occurrence of Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) in samples of roasted bush meat prepared and sold along Ado-Ekiti-Ilesha road. Materials and Methods: A total of 182 roasted bush meat samples were collected in seven selected towns in Ekiti State, Nigeria between January and February, May and June, 2016 representing dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The samples were examined for the presence of enterococci within 2 h of collection. Standard methods were used to identify Enterococcus faecalis, determined its resistance to antibiotics and also determine the virulence factors in the sample. Results: A total of 91 (32.38%) out of 281 samples of roasted bush meat examined were contaminated with E. faecalis. The highest rate of contamination 61.22% was observed in samples collected from Igede-Ekiti while the least 6.70% was observed from samples collected in Ado-Ekiti. Rates of contamination among samples from other selected towns were, 40, 38.71 and 38.1% from Efon-Alaye-Ekiti, Iyin-Ekiti and Erio-Ekiti, respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility test results reveal that some of the isolates have acquired resistance to a number of antibiotics. High resistance rate was recorded against ampicillin 35.71%, followed by gentamicin 30.22%, ciprofloxacin 28.02% and ofloxacin 24.73%. The incidence of virulence factors was low in all the isolates with aggregation substance, haemolysin and gelatinase recording 7.69, 8.24 and 27.47%, respectively. Conclusion: The incidence of virulence factors in E. faecalis is an evidence of potential pathogenesis. The roasted bush meat screened from road sides in Ekiti State was contaminated with E. faecalis. There is need for strict monitoring and proper hygiene education for the food handlers in the study area.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116871842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently the prevention of bacterial infections using their specific viruses, bacteriophages, is challenging. In this research two water samples of Caspian sea were gathered and filtered through 0.45 μm membrane filters. The filtrates were added to Streptococcus mutans culture media in their logarithmic phase, cultivated on brain heart infusion agar and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 until bacteriophage plaques were appeared. Transmission electron microscopy of purified plaques revealed two types of lytic bacteriophages. The first phage had hexagonal head measured 74 nm and was most probably related to Cystoviridae family of bacteriophages. The second lytic bacteriophage contained a bottle-shaped mantle measuring 55×125 nm that was most probably related to Ampullaviridae family of bacteriophages. The microtiter plate assay showed the addition of bacteriophages to Streptococcus mutans after 0, 6, 12 and 18 h of culturing the host strain in microtiter plates prevented the biofilm formation up to 99, 69, 41 and 26%, respectively. In conclusion this is the first report of two novel Cystovirus and Ampullavirus that had lytic effects on Streptococcus mutans. These lytic bacteriophages could be considered as specific agents for phage therapy of tooth decay.
{"title":"Biotechnological Applications of Two Novel Lytic Bacteriophages of Streptococcus mutans in Tooth Decay Bio-Controlling","authors":"K. B. Maal, M. Bouzari, F. A. Zavareh","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.90.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.90.100","url":null,"abstract":"Recently the prevention of bacterial infections using their specific viruses, bacteriophages, is challenging. In this research two water samples of Caspian sea were gathered and filtered through 0.45 μm membrane filters. The filtrates were added to Streptococcus mutans culture media in their logarithmic phase, cultivated on brain heart infusion agar and incubated at 37°C and 5% CO2 until bacteriophage plaques were appeared. Transmission electron microscopy of purified plaques revealed two types of lytic bacteriophages. The first phage had hexagonal head measured 74 nm and was most probably related to Cystoviridae family of bacteriophages. The second lytic bacteriophage contained a bottle-shaped mantle measuring 55×125 nm that was most probably related to Ampullaviridae family of bacteriophages. The microtiter plate assay showed the addition of bacteriophages to Streptococcus mutans after 0, 6, 12 and 18 h of culturing the host strain in microtiter plates prevented the biofilm formation up to 99, 69, 41 and 26%, respectively. In conclusion this is the first report of two novel Cystovirus and Ampullavirus that had lytic effects on Streptococcus mutans. These lytic bacteriophages could be considered as specific agents for phage therapy of tooth decay.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116965513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ten bacteriophages specific for Bacillus megaterium were isolated from a clay loam soil sample collected from the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt. Four out of ten isolates were inactivated after exposure to 80°C for 10 min and three isolates were inactivated at 78°C for 10 min. Whereas, the other three phage isolates were inactivated at 82°C for 10 min. The isolated phages were found to be tolerant to wide range of pH 5-9. The longevity in vitro varied between the phage isolates. The highest longevity in vitro was recorded for four phage isolates (192 h). Electron micrographs of the isolated phages indicated that all phage isolates were of the head and tail types. Two different host specificities were observed for the ten phage isolates (two different populations). Six phage isolates (population 1) were found to be infectious to B. megaterium among the four species tested (i.e., B. megaterium, B. circulans, B. polymexa and B. subtilis). Whereas, the rest of the phage isolates (population 2) were found to be infectious to B. megaterium and B. subtilis. The dendrogram separated the 10 phage isolates into two main clusters (two populations) and then each cluster was separated into two sub clusters. Isolates that belonged to the same host range were grouped together. The percentage of variation was 9% among populations and 91% within populations. The five most remarkable isolates were submitted to the bacillus database and named BMC1, BMC2, BMC3, BMC4 and BMC5.
{"title":"Isolation and Identification of Bacillus megaterium Bacteriophages via AFLP Technique","authors":"I. Elmaghraby, F. Carimi, A. Sharaf, E. Marei, A. Hammad","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.77.89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.77.89","url":null,"abstract":"Ten bacteriophages specific for Bacillus megaterium were isolated from a clay loam soil sample collected from the Experimental Farm of Faculty of Agriculture, Minia University, Minia, Egypt. Four out of ten isolates were inactivated after exposure to 80°C for 10 min and three isolates were inactivated at 78°C for 10 min. Whereas, the other three phage isolates were inactivated at 82°C for 10 min. The isolated phages were found to be tolerant to wide range of pH 5-9. The longevity in vitro varied between the phage isolates. The highest longevity in vitro was recorded for four phage isolates (192 h). Electron micrographs of the isolated phages indicated that all phage isolates were of the head and tail types. Two different host specificities were observed for the ten phage isolates (two different populations). Six phage isolates (population 1) were found to be infectious to B. megaterium among the four species tested (i.e., B. megaterium, B. circulans, B. polymexa and B. subtilis). Whereas, the rest of the phage isolates (population 2) were found to be infectious to B. megaterium and B. subtilis. The dendrogram separated the 10 phage isolates into two main clusters (two populations) and then each cluster was separated into two sub clusters. Isolates that belonged to the same host range were grouped together. The percentage of variation was 9% among populations and 91% within populations. The five most remarkable isolates were submitted to the bacillus database and named BMC1, BMC2, BMC3, BMC4 and BMC5.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124791157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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