A total number of 50 internal sodA gene sequences with 416 nucleotides was analyzed to determine the discriminative power of the gene for the identification of the Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS). The mean similarity between these CoNS species was found to be 80.4% indicating a good discriminative power although low sequence divergence was observed between some of the species. The relatedness between these staphylococcal species was further explored by constructing phylogenetic analysis. Six clusters was revealed, with four of these supported by significant bootstrap values of >95% while the other two clusters were less robustly supported at bootstrap values of about 92%. Following that, the identification of 200 clinical isolates of CoNS isolates were determined phenotypically by a commercial diagnostic kit and also genotypically using the sodA gene sequencing method. The Microgen Staph ID was found to be quite reliable for commonly isolated clinical CoNS species e.g., S. capitis subsp. capitis, S. haemolyticus and a majority of the S. epidermidis isolates. However, for the less commonly encountered species, the kit was unreliable. Identification by sodA sequencing method was found to be more reliable with homology values of at least 98%. However, like other nucleotide sequence based identification, the discriminative power of sodA at subspecies level was poor whereby the final identification had to be supplemented with biochemical tests.
共分析了50个sodA基因序列，共416个核苷酸，以确定该基因对凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CoNS)的鉴别能力。这些物种之间的平均相似度为80.4%，表明它们具有良好的区分能力，但部分物种之间存在较低的序列差异。通过构建系统发育分析进一步探讨了这些葡萄球菌物种之间的亲缘关系。我们发现了6个集群，其中4个集群得到了>95%的显著引导值的支持，而另外2个集群在大约92%的引导值下得到了不太好的支持。随后，采用商用诊断试剂盒对200株临床分离的con菌株进行表型鉴定，并采用sodA基因测序法进行基因鉴定。发现Microgen Staph ID对常见的临床分离的con物种(如S. capitis subsp)非常可靠。头皮炎、溶血链球菌和大多数表皮链球菌分离株。然而，对于不太常见的物种，该试剂盒是不可靠的。sodA测序法鉴定更为可靠，同源性至少为98%。然而，与其他基于核苷酸序列的鉴定一样，sodA在亚种水平上的鉴别能力较差，因此最终鉴定必须辅以生化试验。
{"title":"Identification of Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci by SodA Gene Sequence Analysis","authors":"A. Abdul-Aziz, S. Mohamad, M. F. F. Abdullah","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.48.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.48.61","url":null,"abstract":"A total number of 50 internal sodA gene sequences with 416 nucleotides was analyzed to determine the discriminative power of the gene for the identification of the Coagulase-Negative Staphylococci (CoNS). The mean similarity between these CoNS species was found to be 80.4% indicating a good discriminative power although low sequence divergence was observed between some of the species. The relatedness between these staphylococcal species was further explored by constructing phylogenetic analysis. Six clusters was revealed, with four of these supported by significant bootstrap values of >95% while the other two clusters were less robustly supported at bootstrap values of about 92%. Following that, the identification of 200 clinical isolates of CoNS isolates were determined phenotypically by a commercial diagnostic kit and also genotypically using the sodA gene sequencing method. The Microgen Staph ID was found to be quite reliable for commonly isolated clinical CoNS species e.g., S. capitis subsp. capitis, S. haemolyticus and a majority of the S. epidermidis isolates. However, for the less commonly encountered species, the kit was unreliable. Identification by sodA sequencing method was found to be more reliable with homology values of at least 98%. However, like other nucleotide sequence based identification, the discriminative power of sodA at subspecies level was poor whereby the final identification had to be supplemented with biochemical tests.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133010360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chromium (VI) contamination has accelerated due to rapid industrialization worldwide. Aim of this study is to check the bacterial species for their tolerance towards chromium (VI), chromium (VI) reduction under various pH and further check whether these bacteria are reducing Cr (VI) under the influence of various metals, carbon source and protein denaturant. Bacterial strains were isolated from metal contaminated soils of Abeokuta. All of the isolates showed tolerance to chromium (VI). Among all the strains, only Klebsiella spp. PB6 showed reduction of chromium (VI). Maximum reduction (89.5%) of chromium (VI) was observed at pH 7 by Klebsiella spp. PB6. Similarly, Klebsiella spp. PB6 also reduced the chromium considerably at pH 6 (88%) and pH 8 (71%) at a concentration of 100 μg Cr mLG1 after 120 h of incubation. Klebsiella spp. PB6 also showed chromium (VI) reduction under various metals, protein denaturant and carbon source. There was maximum decrease in Cr (VI) reduction under the influence of ZnCl2 which was followed by PbCl2. Urea and citrate also decreased Cr (VI) reduction compared to control cells. Due to above properties strains could therefore be used as bioremediators of metals in soils contaminated with heavy metals.
{"title":"CR (VI) Removal by Indigenous Klebsiella Species PB6 Isolated from Contaminated Soil under the Influence of Various Factors","authors":"P. A. Wani, Adeosun Bukola Omozele","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.62.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.62.69","url":null,"abstract":"Chromium (VI) contamination has accelerated due to rapid industrialization worldwide. Aim of this study is to check the bacterial species for their tolerance towards chromium (VI), chromium (VI) reduction under various pH and further check whether these bacteria are reducing Cr (VI) under the influence of various metals, carbon source and protein denaturant. Bacterial strains were isolated from metal contaminated soils of Abeokuta. All of the isolates showed tolerance to chromium (VI). Among all the strains, only Klebsiella spp. PB6 showed reduction of chromium (VI). Maximum reduction (89.5%) of chromium (VI) was observed at pH 7 by Klebsiella spp. PB6. Similarly, Klebsiella spp. PB6 also reduced the chromium considerably at pH 6 (88%) and pH 8 (71%) at a concentration of 100 μg Cr mLG1 after 120 h of incubation. Klebsiella spp. PB6 also showed chromium (VI) reduction under various metals, protein denaturant and carbon source. There was maximum decrease in Cr (VI) reduction under the influence of ZnCl2 which was followed by PbCl2. Urea and citrate also decreased Cr (VI) reduction compared to control cells. Due to above properties strains could therefore be used as bioremediators of metals in soils contaminated with heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133453278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Antibiotics Resistance and Plasmid Profile of Staphylococcus aureus from Wound Swabs in Port Harcourt Nigeria","authors":"O. Agbagwa, C. E. Jirigwa","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.70.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.70.76","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127794484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Erfani, D. Ghasemi, R. Mirnejad, Vahhab Piranfar
The persistence of this study is to investigate the pattern of antibiotic resistance Staphylococcus spp. causing urinary tract infection in 1675 of samples in common pathogens that cause urinary tract infection. This study is the first to evaluate the incidence of antibiotic resistance is such a large number of samples in Iran. The susceptibility of samples obtained from 14332 patients with urinary tract infections admitted to different medical diagnostic laboratories of Iran, was measured using disk diffusion method for 18 common antibiotics and multiplex PCR for Staphylococcus identification. Most of the identified Staphylococcus spp. were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (949 samples) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (481 samples). The most resistant antibiotics were identified as methicillin and penicillin, 84.1 and 94.2%, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that Staphylococcus spp. were second cause of common infection among outpatients. There are also bacteria with high resistance that is but interfere with prescription of drugs in order to treat urinary tract system infection. Also increasing of resistance to drugs among bacterial pathogens is evolving and requires an inspectoral and research procedure which could provide more information for doctors to treat the infection more efficiently.
{"title":"Incidence and Antibiotic Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus spp. in Urinary Tract Infections (UTI), IRAN, 2013-2014","authors":"M. Erfani, D. Ghasemi, R. Mirnejad, Vahhab Piranfar","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.41.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.41.47","url":null,"abstract":"The persistence of this study is to investigate the pattern of antibiotic resistance Staphylococcus spp. causing urinary tract infection in 1675 of samples in common pathogens that cause urinary tract infection. This study is the first to evaluate the incidence of antibiotic resistance is such a large number of samples in Iran. The susceptibility of samples obtained from 14332 patients with urinary tract infections admitted to different medical diagnostic laboratories of Iran, was measured using disk diffusion method for 18 common antibiotics and multiplex PCR for Staphylococcus identification. Most of the identified Staphylococcus spp. were Staphylococcus saprophyticus (949 samples) and Staphylococcus epidermidis (481 samples). The most resistant antibiotics were identified as methicillin and penicillin, 84.1 and 94.2%, respectively. The findings of this study indicate that Staphylococcus spp. were second cause of common infection among outpatients. There are also bacteria with high resistance that is but interfere with prescription of drugs in order to treat urinary tract system infection. Also increasing of resistance to drugs among bacterial pathogens is evolving and requires an inspectoral and research procedure which could provide more information for doctors to treat the infection more efficiently.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127614330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This is the first report on the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from drinking water samples in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the disc diffusion method and the results interpreted using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A total of 56 water sample Escherichia coli isolates were screened against nine different antibiotics. Overall, 37.90% of the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant, 12.90% were intermediate and 49.21% were susceptible. Resistance to vancomycin (94.64%) and erythromycin (85.71%) was high. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (94.64%), gentamicin (91.07%) and ceftrioxine (89.29%) was also high. A relatively higher percentage of the water sample Escherichia coli isolates exhibited intermediate resistance to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (50%). The Escherichia coli isolates also exhibited 24 antibiotic resistant patterns with the pattern E-VA (erythromycin-vancomycin) and SXT-E-VA-TE (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-erythromycin-vancomycin-tetracycline) being the commonest (each exhibited by nine different isolates). Multiple antibiotic index (MAR index) ranged from 0.11-0.56. Resistance to five (MAR index of 0.56) and four (MAR index of 0.44) different antibiotics were exhibited by 8 and 21 isolates, respectively. A number of Escherichia coli isolated from different water sources did exhibit the same resistant pattern. This study revealed that Escherichia coli from drinking water sources in Tamale, Metropolis are resistant to some antibiotics. Therefore, the use of antibiotics in animal production and for human treatments in the Metropolis need to be checked and curbed to prevent more isolates from becoming resistant.
{"title":"Antibiotic Susceptibility of Escherichia coli Isolated from some Drinking Water Sources in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana","authors":"F. Adzitey, Sumaila Nafisah, A. Haruna","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.34.40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.34.40","url":null,"abstract":"This is the first report on the antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from drinking water samples in Tamale Metropolis of Ghana. Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed using the disc diffusion method and the results interpreted using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. A total of 56 water sample Escherichia coli isolates were screened against nine different antibiotics. Overall, 37.90% of the Escherichia coli isolates were resistant, 12.90% were intermediate and 49.21% were susceptible. Resistance to vancomycin (94.64%) and erythromycin (85.71%) was high. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (94.64%), gentamicin (91.07%) and ceftrioxine (89.29%) was also high. A relatively higher percentage of the water sample Escherichia coli isolates exhibited intermediate resistance to amoxycillin/clavulanic acid (50%). The Escherichia coli isolates also exhibited 24 antibiotic resistant patterns with the pattern E-VA (erythromycin-vancomycin) and SXT-E-VA-TE (Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole-erythromycin-vancomycin-tetracycline) being the commonest (each exhibited by nine different isolates). Multiple antibiotic index (MAR index) ranged from 0.11-0.56. Resistance to five (MAR index of 0.56) and four (MAR index of 0.44) different antibiotics were exhibited by 8 and 21 isolates, respectively. A number of Escherichia coli isolated from different water sources did exhibit the same resistant pattern. This study revealed that Escherichia coli from drinking water sources in Tamale, Metropolis are resistant to some antibiotics. Therefore, the use of antibiotics in animal production and for human treatments in the Metropolis need to be checked and curbed to prevent more isolates from becoming resistant.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"85 9-10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124328127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biofloc culture system of shrimp is currently gaining wide acceptance since it increases production efficiency and lowers the risk of disease occurrence. The biofloc culture system is known to improve the water quality and it has been observed that this culture system tends to inhibit the population of pathogenic Vibrios. It is the intention of present work to isolate, characterize and identify bacterial species with potent anti-Vibrio activity from the biofloc technology culture system. Results indicate the presence of bacteria with Vibriostatic activity in the biofloc culture system. Identification revealed that the active bacteria is Micrococcus luteus exhibiting an optimum Vibrio lytic activity at 20 ppt and at a pH of around 8. Competitive gut colonization assay shows that the isolated bacteria has a higher gut colonizing activity than that of the pathogenic Vibrio harveyi. In conclusion M. luteus isolated from the biofloc technology culture system exhibited Vibrio lytic activity in vitro and gut colonizing activity in vivo.
{"title":"Anti-Vibrio harveyi Property of Micrococcus luteus Isolated from Rearing Water under Biofloc Technology Culture System","authors":"April Rose B. Barcenal, R. Traifalgar, V. Corre","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2015.26.33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2015.26.33","url":null,"abstract":"Biofloc culture system of shrimp is currently gaining wide acceptance since it increases production efficiency and lowers the risk of disease occurrence. The biofloc culture system is known to improve the water quality and it has been observed that this culture system tends to inhibit the population of pathogenic Vibrios. It is the intention of present work to isolate, characterize and identify bacterial species with potent anti-Vibrio activity from the biofloc technology culture system. Results indicate the presence of bacteria with Vibriostatic activity in the biofloc culture system. Identification revealed that the active bacteria is Micrococcus luteus exhibiting an optimum Vibrio lytic activity at 20 ppt and at a pH of around 8. Competitive gut colonization assay shows that the isolated bacteria has a higher gut colonizing activity than that of the pathogenic Vibrio harveyi. In conclusion M. luteus isolated from the biofloc technology culture system exhibited Vibrio lytic activity in vitro and gut colonizing activity in vivo.","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130070820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Studies of Vancomycin Resistant Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Clinical Samples in Tehran, Iran","authors":"M. Sedaghat, F. Rahimi, M. Pourshafie, M. Talebi","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2012.53.58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2012.53.58","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124579627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chemical Compositions and Antimicrobial Activities of Essential Oils of Varthemia persica, Foeniculum vulgare and Ferula lycia","authors":"M. Kazemi, E. Mousavi, H. Kharestani","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2012.42.52","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2012.42.52","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121472390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of Virulence Factors among Clinical Isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Producing and Non-producing Extended Spectrum β-lactamases","authors":"S. Mansouri, F. Norouzi, M. Moradi, N. Nakhaee","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2011.85.93","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2011.85.93","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123908189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. Dewa, A. Banito, A. Onasanya, K. Kpemoua, Y. Séré
{"title":"Rice Bacterial Blight in Togo: Importance of the Disease and Virulence of the Pathogen","authors":"K. Dewa, A. Banito, A. Onasanya, K. Kpemoua, Y. Séré","doi":"10.3923/CRB.2011.94.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3923/CRB.2011.94.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":111056,"journal":{"name":"Current Research in Bacteriology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125180267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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