Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that threatens the lives of women all over the world. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin), and the β-galactoside-binding proteins (galectin-3) are new suggested parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Objective: To find relationship between serum adiponectin, leptin, and galectin-3 and breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis factors. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done between (August 2021 to June 2022). Totally collected 111 female blood samples from patients that diagnosed with a breast cancer and healthy control, Samples were grouped into Group I (30 healthy control), Group II (43 patients pre-treatment), and Group III (38 patients post-treatment), from Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Nanakali Hospital, Hawler Teaching Hospital- General surgery and Neurosurgical Department, PAR Private Hospital, PAKY Hospital, and Rasul Private Hospital at Iraq-Erbil city and the age 18 up to 77 included in this study. Biochemical tests were performed (Adiponectin, Leptin, Galectin-3). These sample were analysed by using blood serum, statistically analysis the result. Results: The post-treatment, pre-treatment, and control in respectively about (60.52%, 60.46%, and 63.34%) were the majority of the study population (38-57) age group. There is a statistically significant differences between case and control groups in residency, family history, and BMI with a P-vale of (0.08, <0.001, 0.015), respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and galectin-3 were statistically significant (0.007, <0.01, and <0.01), in respectively. About cancer characteristic galectin-3 was significant with (ER/PR) receptor (P:0.037) and grade (P:0.034), also leptin was significant with the grade (P: 0.025). Conclusion: We concluded that Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 were new potential biochemical marker for diagnosis and prognosis the breast cancer, would be useful and important marker for assessing and evaluating grad, and receptor of the therapy plan.
{"title":"Study of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 in Breast Cancer","authors":"Aisha Abdulkareem Ibrahim,, Sardar Nori Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.983","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that threatens the lives of women all over the world. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin), and the β-galactoside-binding proteins (galectin-3) are new suggested parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer.\u0000Objective: To find relationship between serum adiponectin, leptin, and galectin-3 and breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis factors.\u0000Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done between (August 2021 to June 2022). Totally collected 111 female blood samples from patients that diagnosed with a breast cancer and healthy control, Samples were grouped into Group I (30 healthy control), Group II (43 patients pre-treatment), and Group III (38 patients post-treatment), from Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Nanakali Hospital, Hawler Teaching Hospital- General surgery and Neurosurgical Department, PAR Private Hospital, PAKY Hospital, and Rasul Private Hospital at Iraq-Erbil city and the age 18 up to 77 included in this study. Biochemical tests were performed (Adiponectin, Leptin, Galectin-3). These sample were analysed by using blood serum, statistically analysis the result.\u0000Results: The post-treatment, pre-treatment, and control in respectively about (60.52%, 60.46%, and 63.34%) were the majority of the study population (38-57) age group. There is a statistically significant differences between case and control groups in residency, family history, and BMI with a P-vale of (0.08, <0.001, 0.015), respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and galectin-3 were statistically significant (0.007, <0.01, and <0.01), in respectively. About cancer characteristic galectin-3 was significant with (ER/PR) receptor (P:0.037) and grade (P:0.034), also leptin was significant with the grade (P: 0.025).\u0000Conclusion: We concluded that Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 were new potential biochemical marker for diagnosis and prognosis the breast cancer, would be useful and important marker for assessing and evaluating grad, and receptor of the therapy plan.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"77 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84421015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016951011
Thura Abbas Fadhel
Background: The Papillary variant of thyroid carcinoma is one of the common types of thyroid malignancies , the commonest. Its diagnosis usually is microscopic which based on nuclear features. Objective: To assess the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) in PTC and compare its reactivity with other thyroid conditions to approve its importance as a useful test for diagnosing PTC. Patients and Methods: Twenty- cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (with different variants), five follicular adenomas and ten multinodular goiters (MNG) were collected over three years (2018-2021).10% formalin-fixed sections were collected from thyroidectomy specimens. Stained with Hematoxylin and eosin then immunohistochemical staining for immune-marker CK 19 was done using standard techniques. The results were quantitatively scored as the following: score 0 (negative ), score 1+ (<5%) positive cells), score 2+ (5- 25%), score 3+ (25-75%) ,finally score 4+ (>75%) positive cells), and then calculated. Results: An 18 (90%) papillary carcinomas show diffuse and strong (3+ and 4+) expression of CK19 . ,three out of ten (30%) MNG were weakly positive(1+ and 2+) and focal in distribution while in follicular adenoma all cases were negative for CK19 . Conclusion: Ck 19 can stain benign and malignant thyroid tissue, but strong membranous staining applied in cases of papillary ca , thus can be used as confirmatorytool for PTC diagnosis.
{"title":"Expression of CK19 in papillary thyroid carcinoma in comparison with benign thyroid lesions","authors":"Thura Abbas Fadhel","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016951011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016951011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Papillary variant of thyroid carcinoma is one of the common types of thyroid malignancies , the commonest. Its diagnosis usually is microscopic which based on nuclear features. Objective: To assess the immunohistochemical expression of cytokeratin 19 (CK19) in PTC and compare its reactivity with other thyroid conditions to approve its importance as a useful test for diagnosing PTC. Patients and Methods: Twenty- cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma (with different variants), five follicular adenomas and ten multinodular goiters (MNG) were collected over three years (2018-2021).10% formalin-fixed sections were collected from thyroidectomy specimens. Stained with Hematoxylin and eosin then immunohistochemical staining for immune-marker CK 19 was done using standard techniques. The results were quantitatively scored as the following: score 0 (negative ), score 1+ (<5%) positive cells), score 2+ (5- 25%), score 3+ (25-75%) ,finally score 4+ (>75%) positive cells), and then calculated. Results: An 18 (90%) papillary carcinomas show diffuse and strong (3+ and 4+) expression of CK19 . ,three out of ten (30%) MNG were weakly positive(1+ and 2+) and focal in distribution while in follicular adenoma all cases were negative for CK19 . Conclusion: Ck 19 can stain benign and malignant thyroid tissue, but strong membranous staining applied in cases of papillary ca , thus can be used as confirmatorytool for PTC diagnosis.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016890831
Muayad Kadhim Rashid
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes progressive and painful of multiple joints damage. Objective: To explore the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among middle-aged and older of Iraqi patients attended the outpatients’ clinics. Patients and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st February to 31st July 2022 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at the Baquba teaching hospitals, Diyala province, Iraq. The eligible patients were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Diagnosis of RA is based on clinical and serological parameters in accordance with criteria issued by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) guideline. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis was performed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 417 patients with an average age of 55.05 (+10.31) (ranged 40-79 years) have been included in the study. More than half were females (57.8%), married (74.3%), unemployed (67.9%), and 41.0% doctor-diagnosed arthritis. The prevalence of RA in adults was 0.96% compared to 2.34% in doctor-diagnosed arthritis group (females 1.75% vs. males 0.59%, P= 0.011). Results of the multiple logistic regressions showed that older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.070 to 1.130) was associated significantly with "doctor-diagnosed arthritis" (p < 0.001). The female patients (OR = 4.928, 95% CI: 2.826 to 8.593), single or had no spouse (unmarried, widow, divorce) (OR = 5.076, 95% CI: 2.742 to 9.396) and had diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 7.251, 95% CI: 4.247 to 12.378) were associated significantly with "doctor-diagnosed arthritis" (p < 0.001). Conclusion: With aging, the Iraqi females who have no spouse and suffer from diabetes mellitus become more vulnerable to symptomatic arthritis.
{"title":"Prevalence Rate of Rheumatoid Arthritis among Patients Attending Rheumatology Consultation Clinic at Baquba Teaching Hospital","authors":"Muayad Kadhim Rashid","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016890831","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016890831","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes progressive and painful of multiple joints damage. Objective: To explore the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among middle-aged and older of Iraqi patients attended the outpatients’ clinics. Patients and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st February to 31st July 2022 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at the Baquba teaching hospitals, Diyala province, Iraq. The eligible patients were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Diagnosis of RA is based on clinical and serological parameters in accordance with criteria issued by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) guideline. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis was performed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 417 patients with an average age of 55.05 (+10.31) (ranged 40-79 years) have been included in the study. More than half were females (57.8%), married (74.3%), unemployed (67.9%), and 41.0% doctor-diagnosed arthritis. The prevalence of RA in adults was 0.96% compared to 2.34% in doctor-diagnosed arthritis group (females 1.75% vs. males 0.59%, P= 0.011). Results of the multiple logistic regressions showed that older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.070 to 1.130) was associated significantly with \"doctor-diagnosed arthritis\" (p < 0.001). The female patients (OR = 4.928, 95% CI: 2.826 to 8.593), single or had no spouse (unmarried, widow, divorce) (OR = 5.076, 95% CI: 2.742 to 9.396) and had diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 7.251, 95% CI: 4.247 to 12.378) were associated significantly with \"doctor-diagnosed arthritis\" (p < 0.001). Conclusion: With aging, the Iraqi females who have no spouse and suffer from diabetes mellitus become more vulnerable to symptomatic arthritis.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016920912
Darya Dler Hidayat, Ali Fakhree Alzubaidee
Background: Denture induced stomatitis often referred to as denture sore mouth and prosthetic stomatitis, denotes inflammation of the oral mucosa, particularly the palatal mucosa that are in close contact with the denture base. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of denture induced stomatitis in complete denture wearers attending Khanzad Teaching Dental Center. Patients and Methods: This study included one hundred consecutive upper denture wearers from prosthetic department in Khanzad Teaching Dental Center , the age range of the patients was 39-85 years .Different factors such as age, gender, denture age ,wearing time and hematinic parameters investigated and recorded .The diagnosis of denture stomatitis was done by clinical examination .The data entered and analyzes by (SPSS software version 25). Results: The prevalence of denture stomatitis was 20%. Non significant relashionship in the prevalence of denture stomatitis with age, gender, denture age, wearing time , type of denture and heamtinic deficiency. Conclusion: Because denture stomatitis is the most prevalent inflammatory reaction that affects denture wearers and is typically asymptomatic, it is better to schedule a routine dental check for them to allow early detection of any abnormalities to treat it and the choice of treatment depends on the cause of change. in many denture wearers the removal of traumatic as well as maintaining good oral hygiene and hygiene of dentures produce positive outcomes.
{"title":"Prevalence and Risk Factors of Denture Induced Stomatitis in Denture Wearers Attending Khanzad Dental Teaching Center in Erbil city","authors":"Darya Dler Hidayat, Ali Fakhree Alzubaidee","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016920912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016920912","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Denture induced stomatitis often referred to as denture sore mouth and prosthetic stomatitis, denotes inflammation of the oral mucosa, particularly the palatal mucosa that are in close contact with the denture base. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of denture induced stomatitis in complete denture wearers attending Khanzad Teaching Dental Center. Patients and Methods: This study included one hundred consecutive upper denture wearers from prosthetic department in Khanzad Teaching Dental Center , the age range of the patients was 39-85 years .Different factors such as age, gender, denture age ,wearing time and hematinic parameters investigated and recorded .The diagnosis of denture stomatitis was done by clinical examination .The data entered and analyzes by (SPSS software version 25). Results: The prevalence of denture stomatitis was 20%. Non significant relashionship in the prevalence of denture stomatitis with age, gender, denture age, wearing time , type of denture and heamtinic deficiency. Conclusion: Because denture stomatitis is the most prevalent inflammatory reaction that affects denture wearers and is typically asymptomatic, it is better to schedule a routine dental check for them to allow early detection of any abnormalities to treat it and the choice of treatment depends on the cause of change. in many denture wearers the removal of traumatic as well as maintaining good oral hygiene and hygiene of dentures produce positive outcomes.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Globally, rotavirus infection, which results in gastroenteritis, is one of the major health problems. Millions of children are infected with the disease. Viral gastroenteritis must be recognized early because it causes wasteful antibiotic use and hospitalizations for kids. Objective: To investigate the frequency of rotavirus in stool samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study consisting of one hundred fifty-three fresh stool samples collected from children less than 5 years were admitted to Raparin pediatric hospital in Erbil city between November 2021 and April 2022. Rotavirus antigens were detected by Rapid test. Results: Rotavirus antigen was detected at an estimated rate of 61 (40%) in 153 studied cases. The frequency of rotavirus among male and female patients was 44.1% and 33.3% respectively. According to age of infants, rotavirus was detected most frequency in eight months of age. As well as the frequency rate among rural and urban patients was 40% and 39.8% respectively. Rotavirus was detected among vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients by the frequency 26.3% and 54.8% respectively. The highest frequency rate was detected in January 46.4%. Detection of rotavirus by age group was and vaccinations were significant in this study by p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: The most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children in our area is rotavirus . Rotavirus infection is most frequently occurring during the winter season and among children between 6 months to 24 months. Conclusion: In this study we found cigarette smoking was more commonly practiced than water pipe .Nicotinic stomatitis is more prevalent in cigarette smoking and its incidence increased with duration and frequency of the habit.
{"title":"The Frequency of Rotavirus Infection among Children under the age 5 years in Erbil Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq, a hospital based study","authors":"Lana Dawod Nasih,, Katan Sabir Ali","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.981","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.981","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Globally, rotavirus infection, which results in gastroenteritis, is one of the major health problems. Millions of children are infected with the disease. Viral gastroenteritis must be recognized early because it causes wasteful antibiotic use and hospitalizations for kids. \u0000Objective: To investigate the frequency of rotavirus in stool samples from children with acute gastroenteritis. \u0000Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study consisting of one hundred fifty-three fresh stool samples collected from children less than 5 years were admitted to Raparin pediatric hospital in Erbil city between November 2021 and April 2022. Rotavirus antigens were detected by Rapid test. \u0000Results: Rotavirus antigen was detected at an estimated rate of 61 (40%) in 153 studied cases. The frequency of rotavirus among male and female patients was 44.1% and 33.3% respectively. According to age of infants, rotavirus was detected most frequency in eight months of age. As well as the frequency rate among rural and urban patients was 40% and 39.8% respectively. Rotavirus was detected among vaccinated and non-vaccinated patients by the frequency 26.3% and 54.8% respectively. The highest frequency rate was detected in January 46.4%. Detection of rotavirus by age group was and vaccinations were significant in this study by p-value of 0.001. Conclusion: The most common cause of acute gastroenteritis in children in our area is rotavirus . Rotavirus infection is most frequently occurring during the winter season and among children between 6 months to 24 months. \u0000Conclusion: In this study we found cigarette smoking was more commonly practiced than water pipe .Nicotinic stomatitis is more prevalent in cigarette smoking and its incidence increased with duration and frequency of the habit.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79618127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Venus Dilshad Najeeb,, Aso Ako Muhammad,, Alaa Mahmud Mustafa
Background: candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Objective: To candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Patients and Methods: Sixty-one children with ages 6 to 12 years , DMFT, dmft, and OHI-S were measured and oral swabs were tested on three different surfaces (lingual, occlusal, and buccal) then cultured on SDA as a primary medium, and selective medium on CHROMagar, also germ tube test was done and for more precision, pure colonies were identified up to species based on their carbohydrate assimilation pattern by the VITEK 2 compact Results: 22 (36.1%) children with candida carriage, C.albicans 12, (54%), C.dubliniensis 4,( 18.18%), C.krusei 4, (18.18%), C. tropicalis 2, ( 9.1%). There was no association between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index (DMFT, dmft). Conclusion: Non-significant weak negative correlation appeared between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index in children. The most predominant candidal species was C.albicans.
{"title":"Association between Candida species and caries index in children","authors":"Venus Dilshad Najeeb,, Aso Ako Muhammad,, Alaa Mahmud Mustafa","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.985","url":null,"abstract":"Background: candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. \u0000Objective: To candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. \u0000Patients and Methods: Sixty-one children with ages 6 to 12 years , DMFT, dmft, and OHI-S were measured and oral swabs were tested on three different surfaces (lingual, occlusal, and buccal) then cultured on SDA as a primary medium, and selective medium on CHROMagar, also germ tube test was done and for more precision, pure colonies were identified up to species based on their carbohydrate assimilation pattern by the VITEK 2 compact \u0000Results: 22 (36.1%) children with candida carriage, C.albicans 12, (54%), C.dubliniensis 4,( 18.18%), C.krusei 4, (18.18%), C. tropicalis 2, ( 9.1%). There was no association between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index (DMFT, dmft). \u0000Conclusion: Non-significant weak negative correlation appeared between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index in children. The most predominant candidal species was C.albicans.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81174421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016971011
Salar Sabah Berdawd, Sasan Loqa Hanna, Yasir Kakameen Hamad
Background: Assess the efficacy of combining fiber and lactulose in the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. Objective: To assess the efficacy of combining fiber and lactulose in the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. Patients and Methods: One hundred forty-six patients with fuctionalconstipation were chosen in a non-randomized superiority trial manner as they were convenient to enroll due to their presentation to the outpatient clinic during the period from August 2019 to February 2022.Patient received either a solution of lactulose 3.3g/5ml in group A or a solution of 4.005g Inulin fiber and 4.005g lactulose per 20ml in group B. Results: Total of 146 children were included; all, 146 patients completed the study. In the lactulose group, 19 patients were on therapy for less than 6 months, and 48 were on therapy for more than 6 months. In the lactulose + fiber group, 59 patients were on therapy for less than 6 months, and 20 were on therapy for more than 6 months. No serious adverse effects were registered but 18 (27%) of children in the lactulose group encountered side effects, while 11 (14%) of children in the lactulose + fiber group encountered side effects. Conclusion: A solution of Lactulose + fiber is superior to a solution of Lactulose alone in terms of efficacy for the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. It also has a lower side effects profile.
{"title":"Lactulose vs Lactuloseand inulin in treatment of pediatric constipation","authors":"Salar Sabah Berdawd, Sasan Loqa Hanna, Yasir Kakameen Hamad","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016971011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016971011","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Assess the efficacy of combining fiber and lactulose in the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. Objective: To assess the efficacy of combining fiber and lactulose in the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. Patients and Methods: One hundred forty-six patients with fuctionalconstipation were chosen in a non-randomized superiority trial manner as they were convenient to enroll due to their presentation to the outpatient clinic during the period from August 2019 to February 2022.Patient received either a solution of lactulose 3.3g/5ml in group A or a solution of 4.005g Inulin fiber and 4.005g lactulose per 20ml in group B. Results: Total of 146 children were included; all, 146 patients completed the study. In the lactulose group, 19 patients were on therapy for less than 6 months, and 48 were on therapy for more than 6 months. In the lactulose + fiber group, 59 patients were on therapy for less than 6 months, and 20 were on therapy for more than 6 months. No serious adverse effects were registered but 18 (27%) of children in the lactulose group encountered side effects, while 11 (14%) of children in the lactulose + fiber group encountered side effects. Conclusion: A solution of Lactulose + fiber is superior to a solution of Lactulose alone in terms of efficacy for the treatment of constipation in the pediatric age group. It also has a lower side effects profile.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Heat-cured acrylic resins are used most often for denture bases because they are the best in terms of their physical and chemical properties, are easy to handle, and are affordable. But the surface is not hard enough, and oral bacteria such as Candida albicans stick to the resin. Objective: To assess how Radish oil affected heat-cured acrylic's impact strength and hardness. Patients and Methods: The intention was to create a total of (60) specimens. Twenty samples were made without additives (Control), and 40 had made with radish oil added at two different amounts (2.5 per cent, 5 per cent). Results: There was a Non-significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the impact strength test. In contrast, the hardness test showed a highly significant difference between the control and experimental groups. When radish oil had added, the impact strength and hardness had reduced in all concentrations. Conclusion: Adding radish oil decreased the hardness and impact strength of the two experimental groups.
{"title":"Radish Oil Addition effect on some properties Of Heat Cure Acrylic resin","authors":"Sadeq Aadi Rahi,, Wasmaa SADİK MAHMOOD","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.976","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.976","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Heat-cured acrylic resins are used most often for denture bases because they are the best in terms of their physical and chemical properties, are easy to handle, and are affordable. But the surface is not hard enough, and oral bacteria such as Candida albicans stick to the resin. \u0000Objective: To assess how Radish oil affected heat-cured acrylic's impact strength and hardness. \u0000Patients and Methods: The intention was to create a total of (60) specimens. Twenty samples were made without additives (Control), and 40 had made with radish oil added at two different amounts (2.5 per cent, 5 per cent). \u0000Results: There was a Non-significant difference between the control and experimental groups in the impact strength test. In contrast, the hardness test showed a highly significant difference between the control and experimental groups. When radish oil had added, the impact strength and hardness had reduced in all concentrations. \u0000Conclusion: Adding radish oil decreased the hardness and impact strength of the two experimental groups.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"571 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91450046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016910908
Aisha Abdulkareem Ibrahim, Sardar Nori Ahmed
Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that threatens the lives of women all over the world. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin), and the β-galactoside-binding proteins (galectin-3) are new suggested parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Objective: To find relationship between serum adiponectin, leptin, and galectin-3 and breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis factors. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done between (August 2021 to June 2022). Totally collected 111 female blood samples from patients that diagnosed with a breast cancer and healthy control, Samples were grouped into Group I (30 healthy control), Group II (43 patients pre-treatment), and Group III (38 patients post-treatment), from Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Nanakali Hospital, Hawler Teaching Hospital- General surgery and Neurosurgical Department, PAR Private Hospital, PAKY Hospital, and Rasul Private Hospital at Iraq-Erbil city and the age 18 up to 77 included in this study. Biochemical tests were performed (Adiponectin, Leptin, Galectin-3). These sample were analysed by using blood serum, statistically analysis the result. Results: The post-treatment, pre-treatment, and control in respectively about (60.52%, 60.46%, and 63.34%) were the majority of the study population (38-57) age group. There is a statistically significant differences between case and control groups in residency, family history, and BMI with a P-vale of (0.08, <0.001, 0.015), respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and galectin-3 were statistically significant (0.007, <0.01, and <0.01), in respectively. About cancer characteristic galectin-3 was significant with (ER/PR) receptor (P:0.037) and grade (P:0.034), also leptin was significant with the ee (P: 0.025). Conclusion: We concluded that Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 were new potential biochemical marker for diagnosis and prognosis the breast cancer, would be useful and important marker for assessing and evaluating grade, and receptor of the therapy plan.
{"title":"Study of Serum Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 in Breast Cancer","authors":"Aisha Abdulkareem Ibrahim, Sardar Nori Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016910908","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016910908","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer that threatens the lives of women all over the world. Adipocytokines (adiponectin, leptin), and the β-galactoside-binding proteins (galectin-3) are new suggested parameters for the diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. Objective: To find relationship between serum adiponectin, leptin, and galectin-3 and breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis factors. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was done between (August 2021 to June 2022). Totally collected 111 female blood samples from patients that diagnosed with a breast cancer and healthy control, Samples were grouped into Group I (30 healthy control), Group II (43 patients pre-treatment), and Group III (38 patients post-treatment), from Rizgary Teaching Hospital, Nanakali Hospital, Hawler Teaching Hospital- General surgery and Neurosurgical Department, PAR Private Hospital, PAKY Hospital, and Rasul Private Hospital at Iraq-Erbil city and the age 18 up to 77 included in this study. Biochemical tests were performed (Adiponectin, Leptin, Galectin-3). These sample were analysed by using blood serum, statistically analysis the result. Results: The post-treatment, pre-treatment, and control in respectively about (60.52%, 60.46%, and 63.34%) were the majority of the study population (38-57) age group. There is a statistically significant differences between case and control groups in residency, family history, and BMI with a P-vale of (0.08, <0.001, 0.015), respectively. Leptin, adiponectin, and galectin-3 were statistically significant (0.007, <0.01, and <0.01), in respectively. About cancer characteristic galectin-3 was significant with (ER/PR) receptor (P:0.037) and grade (P:0.034), also leptin was significant with the ee (P: 0.025). Conclusion: We concluded that Adiponectin, Leptin, and Galectin-3 were new potential biochemical marker for diagnosis and prognosis the breast cancer, would be useful and important marker for assessing and evaluating grade, and receptor of the therapy plan.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016810810
Sonya A Hama Amin, Khadija Mohamed Ahmed
Background: Pregnancy is a physiological process during which a major hormonal change take place which leads to an imbalance in the oral environment and development of oral manifestation that can adversely affect mother’s health and the health of the unborn child. Objective: To assess the prevalence of the oral manifestation of pregnant women and to evaluate the correlation of these manifestations with the oral hygiene status. Patients and Methods: A total of 150 pregnant women were enrolled in this study on which a meticulous intraoral examination and evaluation of oral health status using oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S) carried out. Results: The most involved age group was (21-25) years 38.00%. It was concluded that the most frequent oral finding was halitosis 67.33%, followed by dry mouth 59.33%, taste alteration 46%, pregnancy epulis 9.33%, candidiasis 7.33%, and ulceration 4%. In addition, pregnancy epulis and halitosis were significantly correlated with poor oral hygiene. Conclusion: Pregnancy is associated with oral manifestations; therefore, dentists should be aware of such manifestations and provide education regarding oral health status and maintenance of good oral hygiene during pregnancy
{"title":"Oral Manifestation in Pregnant Women in Sulaimaniyah City","authors":"Sonya A Hama Amin, Khadija Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016810810","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016810810","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Pregnancy is a physiological process during which a major hormonal change take place which leads to an imbalance in the oral environment and development of oral manifestation that can adversely affect mother’s health and the health of the unborn child. Objective: To assess the prevalence of the oral manifestation of pregnant women and to evaluate the correlation of these manifestations with the oral hygiene status. Patients and Methods: A total of 150 pregnant women were enrolled in this study on which a meticulous intraoral examination and evaluation of oral health status using oral hygiene index simplified (OHI-S) carried out. Results: The most involved age group was (21-25) years 38.00%. It was concluded that the most frequent oral finding was halitosis 67.33%, followed by dry mouth 59.33%, taste alteration 46%, pregnancy epulis 9.33%, candidiasis 7.33%, and ulceration 4%. In addition, pregnancy epulis and halitosis were significantly correlated with poor oral hygiene. Conclusion: Pregnancy is associated with oral manifestations; therefore, dentists should be aware of such manifestations and provide education regarding oral health status and maintenance of good oral hygiene during pregnancy","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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