Khuncha Kawa Hama Salih ,, Solaf Jawhar Ali ,, Ahmed Mohammed Amin Ahmed
Background: There is an increasing concern about obesity among children and adolescents worldwide as they constitute 20% of the world population. Several predisposing factors are contributing to the obesity that can be monitored, particularly healthy diet and physical activities. Addressing those factors among children and adolescents lead to decreasing health related conditions. Objective: To investigate the prevalence rate of obesity, sociodemographic, dietary habits, lifestyle and knowledge factors among adolescents attending private and public schools in Sulaimani city, Iraq. Patients and Methods: Through a school-based cross-sectional study from October 2021 to April 2022, a total of 576 students in high schools located in Sulaimani city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq were studied. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on students’ sociodemographic characteristics, physical activities, dietary habits and knowledge. Body mass index was measured based on WHO Growth Reference for 5 to 19 years of age. Results: The obesity prevalence rate in private schools (36.11%) was higher than public schools (31.6%) (P=0.5890) however, the difference was not statistically significant. The majority of students in private schools exercised more frequently and for a longer duration; however, they ate more red meat, less dairy produce and had a higher fast food intake. Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity is slightly higher among students in private schools than the students in public schools.
{"title":"Prevalence of Obesity among Students in Private and Public high Schools in Sulaimani City","authors":"Khuncha Kawa Hama Salih ,, Solaf Jawhar Ali ,, Ahmed Mohammed Amin Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i2.994","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i2.994","url":null,"abstract":"Background: There is an increasing concern about obesity among children and adolescents worldwide as they constitute 20% of the world population. Several predisposing factors are contributing to the obesity that can be monitored, particularly healthy diet and physical activities. Addressing those factors among children and adolescents lead to decreasing health related conditions. \u0000Objective: To investigate the prevalence rate of obesity, sociodemographic, dietary habits, lifestyle and knowledge factors among adolescents attending private and public schools in Sulaimani city, Iraq. \u0000Patients and Methods: Through a school-based cross-sectional study from October 2021 to April 2022, a total of 576 students in high schools located in Sulaimani city, Kurdistan Region, Iraq were studied. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on students’ sociodemographic characteristics, physical activities, dietary habits and knowledge. Body mass index was measured based on WHO Growth Reference for 5 to 19 years of age. \u0000Results: The obesity prevalence rate in private schools (36.11%) was higher than public schools (31.6%) (P=0.5890) however, the difference was not statistically significant. The majority of students in private schools exercised more frequently and for a longer duration; however, they ate more red meat, less dairy produce and had a higher fast food intake. \u0000Conclusion: The prevalence of obesity is slightly higher among students in private schools than the students in public schools.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77278482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26505/djm.24027260122
Rihab Shihab Ahmed, Shahab Ahmed Shakir, Ahmed Saleh Mahdi, Nadhim Ghazal Noaman
Background: Alopecia areata is a disease scalp and body hair leading to patches of non-scoring alopecia which is heterogeyous ,it is unown as autommutte disease, there is no prevention & hard cure. Objective: To determine the prevalence rate according to sex &age and the causative factors of alopecia areata in Baquba city. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was in Baquba Teaching Hospital dermatological clinic from 1st of October 2020 to 31st of March 2022 at Baquabah teaching Hospital /outpatient Dermatology clinic. The study sample (100) patients with different clinical variants of Alopecia Areata, (71) males and (29) females of different age groups. Results: This study shows that high prevalence among males (71%) with age group (21-30) years old with single patchy alopecia areata with past history of recurrence and associated psychological history. (100) cases of AA were diagnosed. (25%). Single lesion of AA was the most common manifestation (68%). Recurrence history of AA Positive in (55%). Personal history of stress was associated with AA in (64 %). The most common site of alopecia areata was in head (55%). Conclusion: It was concluded that, alopecia areata was more common in male, age (21-30) years, most common single lesion, more in head, with psychological stress history. Keywords: Alopecia areata, prevalence rate, Stress
{"title":"Epidemiology of alopecia areata in Baqubah city/Diyala-Iraq","authors":"Rihab Shihab Ahmed, Shahab Ahmed Shakir, Ahmed Saleh Mahdi, Nadhim Ghazal Noaman","doi":"10.26505/djm.24027260122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24027260122","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alopecia areata is a disease scalp and body hair leading to patches of non-scoring alopecia which is heterogeyous ,it is unown as autommutte disease, there is no prevention & hard cure. Objective: To determine the prevalence rate according to sex &age and the causative factors of alopecia areata in Baquba city. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was in Baquba Teaching Hospital dermatological clinic from 1st of October 2020 to 31st of March 2022 at Baquabah teaching Hospital /outpatient Dermatology clinic. The study sample (100) patients with different clinical variants of Alopecia Areata, (71) males and (29) females of different age groups. Results: This study shows that high prevalence among males (71%) with age group (21-30) years old with single patchy alopecia areata with past history of recurrence and associated psychological history. (100) cases of AA were diagnosed. (25%). Single lesion of AA was the most common manifestation (68%). Recurrence history of AA Positive in (55%). Personal history of stress was associated with AA in (64 %). The most common site of alopecia areata was in head (55%). Conclusion: It was concluded that, alopecia areata was more common in male, age (21-30) years, most common single lesion, more in head, with psychological stress history. Keywords: Alopecia areata, prevalence rate, Stress","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26505/djm.24027111208
Mustafa Abdulkareem Salman
Background: Although there is little information about the prevalence of thyroid disorders in young women, but they are common in Iraq. Objective: To prevalence of thyroid hormones test abnormality in females at reproductive age attending al-batool maternity teaching hospital Patients and Methods: This study involved 1570 of reproductive female ages patients at the Al-batool Maternity Hospital in Diyala Province, Iraq. Serum levels of T3, T4, and TSH were measured in this study. According to the conventional definitions of T3, T4, and TSH levels of overt hyper- and hypothyroidism patients were grouped according to their thyroid status at the time of testing. Results: A total of 1570 subjects were screened of whom 152 subjects (18.6%) had abnormal TSH. The overall prevalence of hyperthyroidism with elevated TSH was 17.4%, of which 1.2% had hypothyroidism with elevated TSH. A low TSH was seen in 1.3% of the study population (P= 0.001). Generally, thyroxin hormone (T4) abnormalities were totaled at 12.02%, of which 10.22% were hypothyroidism and 1.8% was hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, the triiodothyroxin hormone T4 abnormality percentage was 14.84%, compared to hypothyroidism of 3.12% and hyperthyroidism of 11.72%. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction was common in young women. Therefore, females more susceptible to thyroid disorders. Keywords: prevalence, thyroid‑stimulating hormone, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Iraq, women
{"title":"Prevalence Of Thyroid Hormones Test Abnormality In Females At Reproductive Age Attending Al-batool Maternity Teaching Hospital","authors":"Mustafa Abdulkareem Salman","doi":"10.26505/djm.24027111208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24027111208","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although there is little information about the prevalence of thyroid disorders in young women, but they are common in Iraq. Objective: To prevalence of thyroid hormones test abnormality in females at reproductive age attending al-batool maternity teaching hospital Patients and Methods: This study involved 1570 of reproductive female ages patients at the Al-batool Maternity Hospital in Diyala Province, Iraq. Serum levels of T3, T4, and TSH were measured in this study. According to the conventional definitions of T3, T4, and TSH levels of overt hyper- and hypothyroidism patients were grouped according to their thyroid status at the time of testing. Results: A total of 1570 subjects were screened of whom 152 subjects (18.6%) had abnormal TSH. The overall prevalence of hyperthyroidism with elevated TSH was 17.4%, of which 1.2% had hypothyroidism with elevated TSH. A low TSH was seen in 1.3% of the study population (P= 0.001). Generally, thyroxin hormone (T4) abnormalities were totaled at 12.02%, of which 10.22% were hypothyroidism and 1.8% was hyperthyroidism. Furthermore, the triiodothyroxin hormone T4 abnormality percentage was 14.84%, compared to hypothyroidism of 3.12% and hyperthyroidism of 11.72%. Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction was common in young women. Therefore, females more susceptible to thyroid disorders. Keywords: prevalence, thyroid‑stimulating hormone, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, Iraq, women","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"245 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26505/djm.24027190102
Ashqi Mohammed Kareem, Nawsherwan Sadiq Mohammad
Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia in adult constitutes 80% of whole acute leukaemia cases; its frequency progressively increases with age. Objective: To evaluation the parameters of AML patients clinically and haematologically in Erbil City. Patients and Methods: A particular analysis of hospital records retrospective study of 29 patients with AML was taken on. The cases were analyzed and achieved at Nanakaly hospital in Erbil city during the years 20021-2022. Diagnosis was established on peripheral blood and bone marrow reports. The myeloid origin confirmation was concerned by cytochemistry, morphological subtyping was concerned according to the (FAB) criteria, biochemical tests, and cluster CDs was done by flowcytometery. Microsoft excel version 2010 and (GraphPad Prism 9.0.) was in employment for carrying out statistical analysis. Results: This study included 18 males and 11 females. Their ages ranged from 5 and 80 years with a mean age of 38.4 years. CD13 and CD33 are most expressed CD markers (75% and 70% respectively). CD22 and TdT lowest expressed CDs (10% and 5% respectively). Depending on the complete remission/Partial remission association, the p-value of platelets was significant (0.0207), CD64 and CD117 showed greater significant (<0.0001, <0.0001 respectively), BM hypercellularity fragments (P=0.0068), trials (P<0.0001), and blast percentage (P=0.0365). Conclusion: CDs and BM results are essential tools in the identification of AML. CD13 and CD33 are the most frequent CDs in this study. Morphologic valuation of BM was statistically significant, cellularity of BM and blast percentage was significantly correlated with post induction response in patients with AML. Keywords: Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Immunophenotyping, bone marrow reports, Flow Cytometry and CD Markers
背景:成人急性髓性白血病占全部急性白血病病例的80%;它的频率随着年龄的增长而逐渐增加。目的:了解埃尔比勒市AML患者的临床及血液学指标。患者与方法:对29例急性髓性白血病患者的住院记录进行回顾性分析。对埃尔比勒市纳纳卡利医院2002 -2022年期间的病例进行了分析和实现。诊断依据外周血和骨髓报告。细胞化学证实髓系起源，根据(FAB)标准进行形态学分型，生化试验，流式细胞术进行簇cd。使用Microsoft excel version 2010和GraphPad Prism 9.0进行统计分析。结果:本研究纳入男性18人，女性11人。年龄从5岁到80岁不等，平均年龄38.4岁。CD13和CD33是表达最多的CD标记物(分别为75%和70%)。CD22和TdT表达CDs最低(分别为10%和5%)。根据完全缓解/部分缓解相关性，血小板P值显著(0.0207)，CD64和CD117更显著(分别为<0.0001， <0.0001)， BM高细胞碎片(P=0.0068)，试验(P<0.0001)和blast百分比(P=0.0365)。结论:cd和BM结果是鉴别AML的重要工具。CD13和CD33是本研究中最常见的cd。骨髓基质的形态学评估具有统计学意义，骨髓基质的细胞数量和细胞百分比与AML患者诱导后反应显著相关。关键词:急性髓母细胞白血病，免疫分型，骨髓报告，流式细胞术和CD标记物
{"title":"Outcome of Post Induction Therapy for Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Nanakaly Hospital-Erbil","authors":"Ashqi Mohammed Kareem, Nawsherwan Sadiq Mohammad","doi":"10.26505/djm.24027190102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24027190102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Acute myeloid leukaemia in adult constitutes 80% of whole acute leukaemia cases; its frequency progressively increases with age. Objective: To evaluation the parameters of AML patients clinically and haematologically in Erbil City. Patients and Methods: A particular analysis of hospital records retrospective study of 29 patients with AML was taken on. The cases were analyzed and achieved at Nanakaly hospital in Erbil city during the years 20021-2022. Diagnosis was established on peripheral blood and bone marrow reports. The myeloid origin confirmation was concerned by cytochemistry, morphological subtyping was concerned according to the (FAB) criteria, biochemical tests, and cluster CDs was done by flowcytometery. Microsoft excel version 2010 and (GraphPad Prism 9.0.) was in employment for carrying out statistical analysis. Results: This study included 18 males and 11 females. Their ages ranged from 5 and 80 years with a mean age of 38.4 years. CD13 and CD33 are most expressed CD markers (75% and 70% respectively). CD22 and TdT lowest expressed CDs (10% and 5% respectively). Depending on the complete remission/Partial remission association, the p-value of platelets was significant (0.0207), CD64 and CD117 showed greater significant (<0.0001, <0.0001 respectively), BM hypercellularity fragments (P=0.0068), trials (P<0.0001), and blast percentage (P=0.0365). Conclusion: CDs and BM results are essential tools in the identification of AML. CD13 and CD33 are the most frequent CDs in this study. Morphologic valuation of BM was statistically significant, cellularity of BM and blast percentage was significantly correlated with post induction response in patients with AML. Keywords: Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia, Immunophenotyping, bone marrow reports, Flow Cytometry and CD Markers","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136255271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26505/djm.24027530504
Moutaz A W Abdul Mounam
Background: Nowadays, a lot of food products are produced in large quantities in factories. Milk and its derivatives are among the most important and well-known things that may be mentioned. Due to the industrialization of many nations, heavy metals are regarded as the most significant contaminants and have an impact on the presence of these substances in milk and dairy products. The toxicity of different heavy metals on human health, as well as their sources in milk and other dairy products are all represented in the current review paper, which focuses on methodologies and regulatory constraints for heavy metals in milk. The study also examines the frequency of heavy metals detected in milk samples from Iraq, a few other nations in Asia, South America, the United States, and Africa, as well as a few instances from Europe. strategies to lessen the number of heavy metals in milk and its products or stop them from contaminating such foods. Conclusion: Heavy metals have several health risks. Heavy metal exposure is especially prevalent in young age and the elderly due to milk drinking. Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, law enforcement, and less restrictions, developing countries have high heavy metal levels in milk. Wealthy countries have less heavy metal pollution. Milk samples had significant lead and cadmium levels, requiring strict environmental and health protections. Keywords: Pollution; Heavy Metals; Milk; Dairy Products; Food Safety
{"title":"Review : The Health risks caused by heavy metals contamination of milk products","authors":"Moutaz A W Abdul Mounam","doi":"10.26505/djm.24027530504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24027530504","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nowadays, a lot of food products are produced in large quantities in factories. Milk and its derivatives are among the most important and well-known things that may be mentioned. Due to the industrialization of many nations, heavy metals are regarded as the most significant contaminants and have an impact on the presence of these substances in milk and dairy products. The toxicity of different heavy metals on human health, as well as their sources in milk and other dairy products are all represented in the current review paper, which focuses on methodologies and regulatory constraints for heavy metals in milk. The study also examines the frequency of heavy metals detected in milk samples from Iraq, a few other nations in Asia, South America, the United States, and Africa, as well as a few instances from Europe. strategies to lessen the number of heavy metals in milk and its products or stop them from contaminating such foods. Conclusion: Heavy metals have several health risks. Heavy metal exposure is especially prevalent in young age and the elderly due to milk drinking. Due to rapid industrialization and urbanization, law enforcement, and less restrictions, developing countries have high heavy metal levels in milk. Wealthy countries have less heavy metal pollution. Milk samples had significant lead and cadmium levels, requiring strict environmental and health protections. Keywords: Pollution; Heavy Metals; Milk; Dairy Products; Food Safety","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136254390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Najla Saeed Abaddan,, Asrar Saleh Sayad, Jalil I Alezzi
Background: Short birth spacing linked with adversative health consequences for infant, child and maternal mortality also increases the chances of mother and their children survival. Objective: To assess the determinants and the knowledge of birth space amongst women of reproductive age in Mukalla district, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study of 384 women of multiplicative ages (15-49 years) was conducted at primary health care centres in Mukalla district. The study was conducted from November. 2018 to Oct 2019. Results: The median birth spacing was 35 months. (50.8 %) of respondents have been committed undersized birth spacing underneath the indorsed interval of ideal delivery spacing. Multivariate logestic V regression revealed that age of mother between 15-24 years (OR 3.255, 95%CI 1.598-6.629, P=0.001), not enough family income (OR 1.867, 95%CI1.104-3.158, P =0.020 ), number of living children ≤ 3 children (OR 1.225, 95%CI .532–2.520, P=0.027) and breast feeding duration < 6 months (OR7.435 , 95%CI 1.490 – 37.101,P=0.014) or 6-<12 months (OR 7.320, 95%CI 1.406–38.116, P=0.018) were linked with augmented hazard of short birth spacing, whereas mother’s history of chronic disease (OR.026,95%CI .003-.227,P=.001) and modern family planning methods utilization (OR.208, 95%CI.112-.386, P=0.000) were linked with decreased risk of little birth space. (58.1%) of respondents had high level of knowledge about the birth spacing. Conclusion: Certain factors were significant predictors of short birth spacing in Mukalla's women. This should lead to encouragement of longer birth spacing between births.
{"title":"Knowledgment of Birth Spacing Among Women Attending Primary Health Care Centers in Mukalla District, Yemen","authors":"Najla Saeed Abaddan,, Asrar Saleh Sayad, Jalil I Alezzi","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i2.999","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i2.999","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Short birth spacing linked with adversative health consequences for infant, child and maternal mortality also increases the chances of mother and their children survival. \u0000Objective: To assess the determinants and the knowledge of birth space amongst women of reproductive age in Mukalla district, Hadhramout Governorate, Yemen. \u0000Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study of 384 women of multiplicative ages (15-49 years) was conducted at primary health care centres in Mukalla district. The study was conducted from November. 2018 to Oct 2019. \u0000Results: The median birth spacing was 35 months. (50.8 %) of respondents have been committed undersized birth spacing underneath the indorsed interval of ideal delivery spacing. Multivariate logestic V regression revealed that age of mother between 15-24 years (OR 3.255, 95%CI 1.598-6.629, P=0.001), not enough family income (OR 1.867, 95%CI1.104-3.158, P =0.020 ), number of living children ≤ 3 children (OR 1.225, 95%CI .532–2.520, P=0.027) and breast feeding duration < 6 months (OR7.435 , 95%CI 1.490 – 37.101,P=0.014) or 6-<12 months (OR 7.320, 95%CI 1.406–38.116, P=0.018) were linked with augmented hazard of short birth spacing, whereas mother’s history of chronic disease (OR.026,95%CI .003-.227,P=.001) and modern family planning methods utilization (OR.208, 95%CI.112-.386, P=0.000) were linked with decreased risk of little birth space. (58.1%) of respondents had high level of knowledge about the birth spacing. \u0000Conclusion: Certain factors were significant predictors of short birth spacing in Mukalla's women. This should lead to encouragement of longer birth spacing between births.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78918470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Dermatophytosis was a fungal infection caused by molds (dermatophytes). Dermatophytes are a group of closely related filamentous fungi able to damage and utilize keratin found in the skin, hair, and nails. Objective: To to isolate the species which cause resistant dermatophytosis, and clinical types of tinea, as well as to assess the response to different antifungal therapies. Patients and Methods: Ninety-two patients with different clinical types of tinea infections (ringworm) were seen in a private clinic in Baquba city for the period from May 2021 to December 2021, they were (42) females and (50) males, their ages ranged from (7-70) years with a mean age of (27.57±8) years. All patients were diagnosed clinically as ringworm and supported by isolation of the species from samples either by direct examination of samples or cultures on Sabouraud media, and the patients were treated by combination therapy of systemic and topical terbinafine and systemic azole (itraconazole capsules) for (1-3) months. Results: All patients complained of widespread and concomitant tinea. The most common causative dermatophytes species were Epidermopyton floccosum (44%) and Trichophyton rubrum (22%), less commonly Microsporum audouinii (9.8%), and the others as in Table (1). The most common clinical type was tinea pedis (29.3%) then tinea cruris (26.1%), tinea corporis (22.8%), and tinea ungum (20.7%) as in Table (2). All patients were cured on combination therapy of systemic (terbinafine and itraconazole) and topical (terbinafine). Five patients (5.4%) showed relapses of disease after discontinuation of therapy and retreated by the same method. Conclusion: Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton rubrum were the most common cause of resistant tinea. Terbinafine and itraconazole were good therapeutic options for the treatment of resistant tinea.
{"title":"Resistant Dermatophytosis, the Causative Species, and Treatment","authors":"Shahad Khudhair Khalaf,, Anaam Fuad Hussain,, Khudhair Khalaf Al-Kayalli, Amenah Khudhair Khalaf","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i2.998","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i2.998","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dermatophytosis was a fungal infection caused by molds (dermatophytes). Dermatophytes are a group of closely related filamentous fungi able to damage and utilize keratin found in the skin, hair, and nails. Objective: To to isolate the species which cause resistant dermatophytosis, and clinical types of tinea, as well as to assess the response to different antifungal therapies. \u0000Patients and Methods: Ninety-two patients with different clinical types of tinea infections (ringworm) were seen in a private clinic in Baquba city for the period from May 2021 to December 2021, they were (42) females and (50) males, their ages ranged from (7-70) years with a mean age of (27.57±8) years. All patients were diagnosed clinically as ringworm and supported by isolation of the species from samples either by direct examination of samples or cultures on Sabouraud media, and the patients were treated by combination therapy of systemic and topical terbinafine and systemic azole (itraconazole capsules) for (1-3) months. \u0000Results: All patients complained of widespread and concomitant tinea. The most common causative dermatophytes species were Epidermopyton floccosum (44%) and Trichophyton rubrum (22%), less commonly Microsporum audouinii (9.8%), and the others as in Table (1). The most common clinical type was tinea pedis (29.3%) then tinea cruris (26.1%), tinea corporis (22.8%), and tinea ungum (20.7%) as in Table (2). \u0000All patients were cured on combination therapy of systemic (terbinafine and itraconazole) and topical (terbinafine). Five patients (5.4%) showed relapses of disease after discontinuation of therapy and retreated by the same method. \u0000Conclusion: Epidermophyton floccosum and Trichophyton rubrum were the most common cause of resistant tinea. Terbinafine and itraconazole were good therapeutic options for the treatment of resistant tinea.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81129897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.26505/djm.24027041025
Banu Adil Mustafa, Suha N Aloosi
Background: Orthognathic surgery is widely used surgical procedure. The most common used orthognathic surgical procedure is bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) that is used for managing skeletal mandibular excess, deficiency or asymmetry. Objective: To correct functional and aesthetic problems. Patients and Methods: A total of (12 patients) 24 condyles have been included in our study all with cl II malocclusion, open bites and asymmetry, both genders males and females, their age ranges between18 to 40 years, all the cases had preoperative and postoperative CT scans. Results: By comparing pre and post operative CT scans regarding condylar positions for both groups. The results revealed that there was less movement of condylar head in group with device and direction of movement was more favorable. Conclusion: This study showed that the Digitally Planned Custom Made guide was useful in repositioning condyles with minimal movement post operatively and more favorable direction of movement. Keywords: Orthognathic surgery, condyles, CADCAM guides, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, proximal segment
{"title":"Precision of Proximal Segment Repositioning Using Digitally Planned Custom Made guide in Sagittal Split Ramus Osteotomy","authors":"Banu Adil Mustafa, Suha N Aloosi","doi":"10.26505/djm.24027041025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24027041025","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Orthognathic surgery is widely used surgical procedure. The most common used orthognathic surgical procedure is bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) that is used for managing skeletal mandibular excess, deficiency or asymmetry. Objective: To correct functional and aesthetic problems. Patients and Methods: A total of (12 patients) 24 condyles have been included in our study all with cl II malocclusion, open bites and asymmetry, both genders males and females, their age ranges between18 to 40 years, all the cases had preoperative and postoperative CT scans. Results: By comparing pre and post operative CT scans regarding condylar positions for both groups. The results revealed that there was less movement of condylar head in group with device and direction of movement was more favorable. Conclusion: This study showed that the Digitally Planned Custom Made guide was useful in repositioning condyles with minimal movement post operatively and more favorable direction of movement. Keywords: Orthognathic surgery, condyles, CADCAM guides, sagittal split ramus osteotomy, proximal segment","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"218 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136255265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background:Tinea pedis (athletic foot) is the most common dermatophytic fungal infection of the body. It may last for a short or long time and may recur after treatment. Objective: To assessed and compared the effectiveness and safety of 1% terbinafine cream and 1% clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea pedis. Patients and Methods: Randomized control trial was done in the outpatient clinic of dermatology department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. From March, 2019 to January, 2020. Sixty patients with tinea pedis diag-nosed clinically were included in this study. Thirty patients applied 1% terbinafine cream topically twice daily for one week and thirty patients applied 1% clotrimazole cream topically twice daily for four weeks. Scraping for fungi was performed before and after therapy. Efficacy was assessed by clini-cal cure and mycological cure. Clinical and mycological cure measured at weeks one, four and six. Results: Mycological cure rates were 86.7% for terbinafine and 80% for clotrimazole at 4 weeks, 86.7% for terbinafine and 90% for clotrimazole at 6 weeks. At 4 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had a 76.67 percent clinical treatment rate; at 6 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate. Conclusion: The study showed that one week terbinafine two times a day is as effective as four weeks clotrimazole two times a day as well as in terms of mycological treatments and efficient therapies.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Topical 1% Terbinafine Cream Versus 1% Clotrimazole Cream in The Treatment of Tineapedis","authors":"Araz Hasan Mohammed,, Gulikhan Ahmed Omer","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.982","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Tinea pedis (athletic foot) is the most common dermatophytic fungal infection of the body. It may last for a short or long time and may recur after treatment. \u0000Objective: To assessed and compared the effectiveness and safety of 1% terbinafine cream and 1% clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea pedis. \u0000Patients and Methods: Randomized control trial was done in the outpatient clinic of dermatology department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. From March, 2019 to January, 2020. Sixty patients with tinea pedis diag-nosed clinically were included in this study. Thirty patients applied 1% terbinafine cream topically twice daily for one week and thirty patients applied 1% clotrimazole cream topically twice daily for four weeks. Scraping for fungi was performed before and after therapy. Efficacy was assessed by clini-cal cure and mycological cure. Clinical and mycological cure measured at weeks one, four and six. \u0000Results: Mycological cure rates were 86.7% for terbinafine and 80% for clotrimazole at 4 weeks, 86.7% for terbinafine and 90% for clotrimazole at 6 weeks. At 4 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had a 76.67 percent clinical treatment rate; at 6 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate. \u0000Conclusion: The study showed that one week terbinafine two times a day is as effective as four weeks clotrimazole two times a day as well as in terms of mycological treatments and efficient therapies.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78052582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: A pterygium is a triangular fibrovascular sub-epithelial ingrowth of degenerative bulbar conjunctival tissue over the limbus onto the cornea. The mainstay of treatment is surgery with more measures to decrease the recurrence rate. Pterygium doesn’t need intervention unless there is an extension of the lesion towards the center of the cornea and it encroaches on the visual axis, or is symptomatic in terms of redness and discomfort. Objective: To present a new surgical technique for managing primary pterygium. We aim to find a more effective method than the one previously used. We wanted to demonstrate and prove that this technique has low recurrence rates. Patients and Methods: A Hospital-based interventional case series study, sampling done by simple random sampling from the outpatient departments. The study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of Erbil teaching hospital in Erbil city for eight months from August 2021-April 2022. In the current study 40 patients with pterygium were operated that they were attending the ophthalmology department in this hospital. Results: The result revealed 3 cases of recurrence of 7.5% out of 40 cases using a dual flap technique as a new approach for treating pterygium in the follow-up of 3 months, in which the mean ± SD of age was 46.3 ± 10.537 years. Twenty four cases were female, and 16 were male; all of the lesions were nasally located pterygium. In the sample we used in the study 5 patients had had pterygium excision using other techniques in the past at least once, and neither of them recurred utilizing this approach. Conclusion: The double flap is a proper alternative technique in pterygium surgery; this new procedure, dual conjunctival flap with 7.5% recurrence rates and provides safe and comparable results to current methods.
{"title":"Doubt flap technique in pterygium surgery","authors":"A. Abdulgani","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.969","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A pterygium is a triangular fibrovascular sub-epithelial ingrowth of degenerative bulbar conjunctival tissue over the limbus onto the cornea. The mainstay of treatment is surgery with more measures to decrease the recurrence rate. Pterygium doesn’t need intervention unless there is an extension of the lesion towards the center of the cornea and it encroaches on the visual axis, or is symptomatic in terms of redness and discomfort. \u0000Objective: To present a new surgical technique for managing primary pterygium. We aim to find a more effective method than the one previously used. We wanted to demonstrate and prove that this technique has low recurrence rates. \u0000Patients and Methods: A Hospital-based interventional case series study, sampling done by simple random sampling from the outpatient departments. The study was conducted in the ophthalmology department of Erbil teaching hospital in Erbil city for eight months from August 2021-April 2022. In the current study 40 patients with pterygium were operated that they were attending the ophthalmology department in this hospital. \u0000Results: The result revealed 3 cases of recurrence of 7.5% out of 40 cases using a dual flap technique as a new approach for treating pterygium in the follow-up of 3 months, in which the mean ± SD of age was 46.3 ± 10.537 years. Twenty four cases were female, and 16 were male; all of the lesions were nasally located pterygium. In the sample we used in the study 5 patients had had pterygium excision using other techniques in the past at least once, and neither of them recurred utilizing this approach. \u0000Conclusion: The double flap is a proper alternative technique in pterygium surgery; this new procedure, dual conjunctival flap with 7.5% recurrence rates and provides safe and comparable results to current methods.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78061206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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