Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24017061102
Venus Dilshad Najeeb, Aso Ako Muhammad, Alaa Mahmud Mustafa
Background: candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Objective: To candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Patients and Methods: Sixty-one children with ages 6 to 12 years , DMFT, dmft, and OHI-S were measured and oral swabs were tested on three different surfaces (lingual, occlusal, and buccal) then cultured on SDA as a primary medium, and selective medium on CHROMagar, also germ tube test was done and for more precision, pure colonies were identified up to species based on their carbohydrate assimilation pattern by the VITEK 2 compact Results: 22 (36.1%) children with candida carriage, C.albicans 12, (54%), C.dubliniensis 4,( 18.18%), C.krusei 4, (18.18%), C. tropicalis 2, ( 9.1%). There was no association between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index (DMFT, dmft). Conclusion: Non-significant weak negative correlation appeared between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index in children. The most predominant candidal species was C.albicans.
{"title":"Association between Candida species and caries index in children","authors":"Venus Dilshad Najeeb, Aso Ako Muhammad, Alaa Mahmud Mustafa","doi":"10.26505/djm.24017061102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24017061102","url":null,"abstract":"Background: candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Objective: To candida species is one of the most important opportunistic oral fungal flora that contributed to oral candidal infections. Recently some studies indicate the association between increased caries incidence in children with oral candidal carriage. Patients and Methods: Sixty-one children with ages 6 to 12 years , DMFT, dmft, and OHI-S were measured and oral swabs were tested on three different surfaces (lingual, occlusal, and buccal) then cultured on SDA as a primary medium, and selective medium on CHROMagar, also germ tube test was done and for more precision, pure colonies were identified up to species based on their carbohydrate assimilation pattern by the VITEK 2 compact Results: 22 (36.1%) children with candida carriage, C.albicans 12, (54%), C.dubliniensis 4,( 18.18%), C.krusei 4, (18.18%), C. tropicalis 2, ( 9.1%). There was no association between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index (DMFT, dmft). Conclusion: Non-significant weak negative correlation appeared between candidal species in the oral cavity and caries index in children. The most predominant candidal species was C.albicans.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24017001016
Mazin Khalid Abdullah, Basim Hussein Bahir, Oday Kahtan
Background: Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program (IMNCH) is an approach to offering solid evidence. It is used as a strategy to draw national and international investment into many initiatives to improve child health because it is diagnostically superior to conventional routine practice. Objective: To assess the knowledge and satisfaction rate among Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program care takers. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in two sectors (The health care sector in baqubah first and second) that offers health services in Baquba city from 15th December 2015 to 1st of June 2016. A convenient sample of 150 cases were included in the study from the age of two month to five years. Data collected by special designed questionnaire that adopted from world health organization. Results: The result showed that 87.3 % of health providers prescribed oral medicine for child out of them 86.3% of service recipient know how many times day that should be given while 25.2% of them know how many days that should be given. oral rehydration solution was prescribed 31.3% of children majority of health takers 87.2% known quantity of water to maxed with one sachet of ORS Showed that 24.7% of service recipients bring back the child immediately to primary health care center when the child unable to drink or breast feed and 23% of service recipients bring back the child immediately when the child becomes sicker or develop fever or difficult breathing and 30%when the child breathing is fast or difficult breathing and 18% of service recipient were satisfied about care that provided for children while 82% of service recipients were not satisfied. Conclusion: The satisfaction rate of service recipients about the service that provided in primary heath care center in Baquba city were poor.
{"title":"Evaluation of knowledge and Satisfaction among service recipient of (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program) in Primary Health Care Centers in Baquba City","authors":"Mazin Khalid Abdullah, Basim Hussein Bahir, Oday Kahtan","doi":"10.26505/djm.24017001016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24017001016","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program (IMNCH) is an approach to offering solid evidence. It is used as a strategy to draw national and international investment into many initiatives to improve child health because it is diagnostically superior to conventional routine practice. Objective: To assess the knowledge and satisfaction rate among Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program care takers. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in two sectors (The health care sector in baqubah first and second) that offers health services in Baquba city from 15th December 2015 to 1st of June 2016. A convenient sample of 150 cases were included in the study from the age of two month to five years. Data collected by special designed questionnaire that adopted from world health organization. Results: The result showed that 87.3 % of health providers prescribed oral medicine for child out of them 86.3% of service recipient know how many times day that should be given while 25.2% of them know how many days that should be given. oral rehydration solution was prescribed 31.3% of children majority of health takers 87.2% known quantity of water to maxed with one sachet of ORS Showed that 24.7% of service recipients bring back the child immediately to primary health care center when the child unable to drink or breast feed and 23% of service recipients bring back the child immediately when the child becomes sicker or develop fever or difficult breathing and 30%when the child breathing is fast or difficult breathing and 18% of service recipient were satisfied about care that provided for children while 82% of service recipients were not satisfied. Conclusion: The satisfaction rate of service recipients about the service that provided in primary heath care center in Baquba city were poor.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes progressive and painful of multiple joints damage. Objective: To explore the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among middle-aged and older of Iraqi patients attended the outpatients’ clinics. Patients and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st February to 31st July 2022 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at the Baquba teaching hospitals, Diyala province, Iraq. The eligible patients were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Diagnosis of RA is based on clinical and serological parameters in accordance with criteria issued by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) guideline. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis was performed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 417 patients with an average age of 55.05 (+10.31) (ranged 40-79 years) have been included in the study. More than half were females (57.8%), married (74.3%), unemployed (67.9%), and 41.0% doctor-diagnosed arthritis. The prevalence of RA in adults was 0.96% compared to 2.34% in doctor-diagnosed arthritis group (females 1.75% vs. males 0.59%, P= 0.011). Results of the multiple logistic regressions showed that older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.070 to 1.130) was associated significantly with "doctor-diagnosed arthritis" (p < 0.001). The female patients (OR = 4.928, 95% CI: 2.826 to 8.593), single or had no spouse (unmarried, widow, divorce) (OR = 5.076, 95% CI: 2.742 to 9.396) and had diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 7.251, 95% CI: 4.247 to 12.378) were associated significantly with "doctor-diagnosed arthritis" (p < 0.001). Conclusion: With aging, the Iraqi females who have no spouse and suffer from diabetes mellitus become more vulnerable to symptomatic arthritis.
{"title":"Prevalence Rate of Rheumatoid Arthritis among Patients Attending Rheumatology Consultation Clinic at Baquba Teaching Hospital","authors":"Muayad Kadhim Rashid","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.970","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes progressive and painful of multiple joints damage. Objective: To explore the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) among middle-aged and older of Iraqi patients attended the outpatients’ clinics. \u0000Patients and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st February to 31st July 2022 at the rheumatology outpatient clinic at the Baquba teaching hospitals, Diyala province, Iraq. The eligible patients were interviewed using semi-structured questionnaires. Diagnosis of RA is based on clinical and serological parameters in accordance with criteria issued by American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism (ACR/EULAR) guideline. Descriptive, bivariate, and logistic regression analysis was performed. All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 16.0 software. P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. \u0000Results: A total of 417 patients with an average age of 55.05 (+10.31) (ranged 40-79 years) have been included in the study. More than half were females (57.8%), married (74.3%), unemployed (67.9%), and 41.0% doctor-diagnosed arthritis. The prevalence of RA in adults was 0.96% compared to 2.34% in doctor-diagnosed arthritis group (females 1.75% vs. males 0.59%, P= 0.011). Results of the multiple logistic regressions showed that older age (odds ratio (OR) = 1.100, 95% CI: 1.070 to 1.130) was associated significantly with \"doctor-diagnosed arthritis\" (p < 0.001). The female patients (OR = 4.928, 95% CI: 2.826 to 8.593), single or had no spouse (unmarried, widow, divorce) (OR = 5.076, 95% CI: 2.742 to 9.396) and had diabetes mellitus (DM) (OR = 7.251, 95% CI: 4.247 to 12.378) were associated significantly with \"doctor-diagnosed arthritis\" (p < 0.001). Conclusion: With aging, the Iraqi females who have no spouse and suffer from diabetes mellitus become more vulnerable to symptomatic arthritis.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84153903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 is a serious infection resulting in a global threat caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) characterized by different symptoms, ranging from mild flu to severe pneumonia. Objective:To focus on the oral manifestations which could be present in some cases of COVID-19 and to assess the associations between oral health and COVID19. on188 medical specialists in Sulaimaniyah city. The questionnaire was composed of 3 parts; the 1st part included demographic features. The 2nd part was composed of questions concerning the oral hygiene condition of the participants, and the 3rd section encompassed questions about oral complications during infection with COVID-19. Results: Among 188 participants, 92% complained of oral manifestation while being infected with Covid-19 at significant levels. Facial and masticatory muscle pain 27.1%, facial or oral numbness 8%, jaw bones or joint pain 39.9%, changes in buccal mucosa and gingiva 10.1%, bleeding gingivitis 9%, Altered taste sensation 67.6%, altered smell sensation 69.1% and xerostomia 54.8% were highly associated with Covid-19. Conclusion: Some cases of Covid-19 usually present with different oral manifestations. Therefore, oral care monitoring should be enhanced for Covid-19 patients and maintain good oral health.
{"title":"Survey of Oral Manifestation of Covid-19 in Medical Specialties in Sulaimaniyah City Hospitals","authors":"Sangin Ali M Amin,, K. Mohamed Ahmed","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.978","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 is a serious infection resulting in a global threat caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) characterized by different symptoms, ranging from mild flu to severe pneumonia. \u0000Objective:To focus on the oral manifestations which could be present in some cases of COVID-19 and to assess the associations between oral health and COVID19. \u0000on188 medical specialists in Sulaimaniyah city. The questionnaire was composed of 3 parts; the 1st part included demographic features. The 2nd part was composed of questions concerning the oral hygiene condition of the participants, and the 3rd section encompassed questions about oral complications during infection with COVID-19. \u0000Results: Among 188 participants, 92% complained of oral manifestation while being infected with Covid-19 at significant levels. Facial and masticatory muscle pain 27.1%, facial or oral numbness 8%, jaw bones or joint pain 39.9%, changes in buccal mucosa and gingiva 10.1%, bleeding gingivitis 9%, Altered taste sensation 67.6%, altered smell sensation 69.1% and xerostomia 54.8% were highly associated with Covid-19. \u0000Conclusion: Some cases of Covid-19 usually present with different oral manifestations. Therefore, oral care monitoring should be enhanced for Covid-19 patients and maintain good oral health.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77363152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The mental foramen (MF) is a very important structure; to avoid any trauma to mental nerve may be occur and in order to avoid that, its position, variation in anatomy and shapes should be clearly determined before any surgical procedure. Objective: To detect the exact position of MF and thickness of cortical plates in lower premolars and first molars among the Iraqi resident. Patients and Methods: For this prospective study, a total of 92 Iraqi adults patients (51 females, 41 males; age range 18-69 years). From October 2020 to February 2021, patients aged range from 25 to 65 years old.Five types of classification we used: Type 1, MF under the root of the lower first premolar. Type 2, MF between the root of mandibular first & second premolar. Type 3, MF below the root of the mandibular second premolar. Type 4, MF between the root of lower second premolar & first molar. Type 5, MF below the root of the lower first molar. Bone thickness is measured in the horizontal direction on the both side lingually and buccally. Results: The most common situation of the MF was below the root of lower second premolar. Conclusion: Significant difference can be noted in the mean of the distance between MF and root apex in both gender, also significant difference in mean of bone thickness noted between both genders on both sides.
{"title":"Detection of Vital Anatomical Landmarks in Lower Posterior Premolars and First Molar Area (BuccallyPositioned)During Different Surgical Intervention Using Cone Beam Ct Scan","authors":"Ali Hakiem Tawfieq","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.977","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.977","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The mental foramen (MF) is a very important structure; to avoid any trauma to mental nerve may be occur and in order to avoid that, its position, variation in anatomy and shapes should be clearly determined before any surgical procedure. \u0000Objective: To detect the exact position of MF and thickness of cortical plates in lower premolars and first molars among the Iraqi resident. \u0000Patients and Methods: For this prospective study, a total of 92 Iraqi adults patients (51 females, 41 males; age range 18-69 years). From October 2020 to February 2021, patients aged range from 25 to 65 years old.Five types of classification we used: \u0000Type 1, MF under the root of the lower first premolar. \u0000Type 2, MF between the root of mandibular first & second premolar. \u0000Type 3, MF below the root of the mandibular second premolar. \u0000Type 4, MF between the root of lower second premolar & first molar. \u0000Type 5, MF below the root of the lower first molar. \u0000Bone thickness is measured in the horizontal direction on the both side lingually and buccally. \u0000Results: The most common situation of the MF was below the root of lower second premolar. \u0000Conclusion: Significant difference can be noted in the mean of the distance between MF and root apex in both gender, also significant difference in mean of bone thickness noted between both genders on both sides.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77763697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Recurrent inguinal hernia constitutes a significant problem for the surgical community. Incidence of recurrence and chronic groin pain after hernia repair require continuous audit, participation in a register and follow-up by selective physical examination provides a solid basis for quality control. Objective: Description of cases with recurrent inguinal hernia, type of previous repair, factors contributed to recurrence of hernia and type of repair used with the study of post-operative complications in the early postoperative period. Patients and Methods: Descriptive studies on patients with recurrent inguinal hernia were evaluated and data collected. History; age, occupation, time of previous operation, predisposed factors extracted from the previous operation and change of lifestyle. General examination; the presence of predisposing factors, comorbid factors, obesity. Local examination: to describe the type of hernia. Local examination: to describe the type of hernia. Results: In our study 18(40%) patients had an indirect recurrent hernia, 24 patients with recurrent direct inguinal hernia, and 3 patients presented with pantaloon hernia. Males constitute 93.33% of cases. Smoking and chronic cough were the most common predisposing factors. The right side constitutes 80% of cases and the other 20% on the left side. The interval between the previous operation and clinical presentation of recurrence is the highest number presented after 2-5 years. Conclusion: Mesh repair was superior to other types of repair (less no. of patients with previous mesh repair and less post-operative complications).
{"title":"Recurrent Inguinal Hernia (A Descriptive Study on Etiology & Management)","authors":"Authman Y Ali,, Bassam Hameed Abdulla","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.973","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Recurrent inguinal hernia constitutes a significant problem for the surgical community. Incidence of recurrence and chronic groin pain after hernia repair require continuous audit, participation in a register and follow-up by selective physical examination provides a solid basis for quality control. \u0000Objective: Description of cases with recurrent inguinal hernia, type of previous repair, factors contributed to recurrence of hernia and type of repair used with the study of post-operative complications in the early postoperative period. \u0000Patients and Methods: Descriptive studies on patients with recurrent inguinal hernia were evaluated and data collected. \u0000History; age, occupation, time of previous operation, predisposed factors extracted from the previous operation and change of lifestyle. General examination; the presence of predisposing factors, comorbid factors, obesity. Local examination: to describe the type of hernia. Local examination: to describe the type of hernia. \u0000Results: In our study 18(40%) patients had an indirect recurrent hernia, 24 patients with recurrent direct inguinal hernia, and 3 patients presented with pantaloon hernia. Males constitute 93.33% of cases. Smoking and chronic cough were the most common predisposing factors. The right side constitutes 80% of cases and the other 20% on the left side. The interval between the previous operation and clinical presentation of recurrence is the highest number presented after 2-5 years. \u0000Conclusion: Mesh repair was superior to other types of repair (less no. of patients with previous mesh repair and less post-operative complications).","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76977514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mazin Khalid Abdullah,, Basim Hussein Bahir,, Oday Kahtan
Background: Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program (IMNCH) is an approach to offering solid evidence. It is used as a strategy to draw national and international investment into many initiatives to improve child health because it is diagnostically superior to conventional routine practice. Objective: To assess the knowledge and satisfaction rate among Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program care takers. Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in two sectors (The health care sector in baqubah first and second) that offers health services in Baquba city from 15th December 2015 to 1st of June 2016. A convenient sample of 150 cases were included in the study from the age of two month to five years. Data collected by special designed questionnaire that adopted from world health organization. Results: The result showed that 87.3 % of health providers prescribed oral medicine for child out of them 86.3% of service recipient know how many times day that should be given while 25.2% of them know how many days that should be given. oral rehydration solution was prescribed 31.3% of children majority of health takers 87.2% known quantity of water to maxed with one sachet of ORS Showed that 24.7% of service recipients bring back the child immediately to primary health care center when the child unable to drink or breast feed and 23% of service recipients bring back the child immediately when the child becomes sicker or develop fever or difficult breathing and 30%when the child breathing is fast or difficult breathing and 18% of service recipient were satisfied about care that provided for children while 82% of service recipients were not satisfied. Conclusion: The satisfaction rate of service recipients about the service that provided in primary heath care center in Baquba city were poor.
{"title":"Evaluation of knowledge and Satisfaction among service recipient of (Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program) in Primary Health Care Centers in Baquba City","authors":"Mazin Khalid Abdullah,, Basim Hussein Bahir,, Oday Kahtan","doi":"10.26505/djm.v24i1.984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.v24i1.984","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program (IMNCH) is an approach to offering solid evidence. It is used as a strategy to draw national and international investment into many initiatives to improve child health because it is diagnostically superior to conventional routine practice. \u0000Objective: To assess the knowledge and satisfaction rate among Integrated Management of Neonatal and Child Health Program care takers. \u0000Patients and Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in two sectors (The health care sector in baqubah first and second) that offers health services in Baquba city from 15th December 2015 to 1st of June 2016. A convenient sample of 150 cases were included in the study from the age of two month to five years. Data collected by special designed questionnaire that adopted from world health organization. \u0000Results: The result showed that 87.3 % of health providers prescribed oral medicine for child out of them 86.3% of service recipient know how many times day that should be given while 25.2% of them know how many days that should be given. oral rehydration solution was prescribed 31.3% of children majority of health takers 87.2% known quantity of water to maxed with one sachet of ORS Showed that 24.7% of service recipients bring back the child immediately to primary health care center when the child unable to drink or breast feed and 23% of service recipients bring back the child immediately when the child becomes sicker or develop fever or difficult breathing and 30%when the child breathing is fast or difficult breathing and 18% of service recipient were satisfied about care that provided for children while 82% of service recipients were not satisfied. \u0000Conclusion: The satisfaction rate of service recipients about the service that provided in primary heath care center in Baquba city were poor.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77284943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24017360307
Intisar Ahmed Hasan, Khudhair Kh Ibrahim Al-Kayally
Background: Melasma is one of the most common disorders of brown hyperpigmentation, which affect primarily the face and later on some other sites of the body , seen most commonly in women during the reproductive period and may seen in men . Many options are used in the treatment of melasma, most commonly: hydroquinone, tretenoin, corticosteroid, azelic acid, glycolic acid, kojic acid, triaximinic acid, ascorbic acid, intralesional glutathione, and lastly medical procedures, like: microdermabrasion, chemical peel, laser and light therapy. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined therapy (azelic, glycolic and kojic acids) in the treatment of melasma (UNITONE and NEOTONE) . Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study in which (585) patients complaining of melasma (577 females and 8 males), their age ranged from (17-50) years, with a mean age of 46.15± years. Treated by application of azelic acid (20% cream) for two hours at night, then washed and followed by topical application of combined cream consisted of (5%) glycolic acid and (1%) kojic acid throughout the night and washed in the morning, with application of sun block of ≥50 SPF, and oral ascorbic acid (500mg) tablet twice in the morning and evening . Results: Out of 585, 98% was females with a mean age of (46.15±8) years. Eight percent of the patients of MAIS score-1, (22.05%) of score-2, (51.28%) of score-3 and (18.8%) of score-4. Regarding the response to therapy: (44.78%) of patients showed complete clearance of the disease, (48.85%) with good response, (1.7%) of poor response and (5.47%) showed relapse of the melasma after discontinuation of the therapy, and they were retreated by the same combined formula, (93.75%) of them cleared completely and (6.25%) showed good response. Ninety percent of patients developed a variable degree of irritation, erythema and burning sensation, at the beginning of the treatment and after (10-15) days, most of them tolerated the therapy. Conclusion: Combined therapy of azelic, glycolic and kojic acids was effective and safe in the treatment of melasma and this combination was superior and alternative to the ordinary and corner therapy of hydroquinone and corticosteroid.
{"title":"Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Combined Therapy of Melasma by using Azelic, Glycolic and Kojic Acid (Unitone and Neotone)","authors":"Intisar Ahmed Hasan, Khudhair Kh Ibrahim Al-Kayally","doi":"10.26505/djm.24017360307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24017360307","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Melasma is one of the most common disorders of brown hyperpigmentation, which affect primarily the face and later on some other sites of the body , seen most commonly in women during the reproductive period and may seen in men . Many options are used in the treatment of melasma, most commonly: hydroquinone, tretenoin, corticosteroid, azelic acid, glycolic acid, kojic acid, triaximinic acid, ascorbic acid, intralesional glutathione, and lastly medical procedures, like: microdermabrasion, chemical peel, laser and light therapy. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of combined therapy (azelic, glycolic and kojic acids) in the treatment of melasma (UNITONE and NEOTONE) . Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study in which (585) patients complaining of melasma (577 females and 8 males), their age ranged from (17-50) years, with a mean age of 46.15± years. Treated by application of azelic acid (20% cream) for two hours at night, then washed and followed by topical application of combined cream consisted of (5%) glycolic acid and (1%) kojic acid throughout the night and washed in the morning, with application of sun block of ≥50 SPF, and oral ascorbic acid (500mg) tablet twice in the morning and evening . Results: Out of 585, 98% was females with a mean age of (46.15±8) years. Eight percent of the patients of MAIS score-1, (22.05%) of score-2, (51.28%) of score-3 and (18.8%) of score-4. Regarding the response to therapy: (44.78%) of patients showed complete clearance of the disease, (48.85%) with good response, (1.7%) of poor response and (5.47%) showed relapse of the melasma after discontinuation of the therapy, and they were retreated by the same combined formula, (93.75%) of them cleared completely and (6.25%) showed good response. Ninety percent of patients developed a variable degree of irritation, erythema and burning sensation, at the beginning of the treatment and after (10-15) days, most of them tolerated the therapy. Conclusion: Combined therapy of azelic, glycolic and kojic acids was effective and safe in the treatment of melasma and this combination was superior and alternative to the ordinary and corner therapy of hydroquinone and corticosteroid.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24017081106
Ahmed Kadhim Jawad, Ammar Abbas Okab
Background: Overweight and obesity defined as "abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health". Obesity is the fifth among global causes of death. The rise in overweight and obesity among adult workers is a global public health concern. It's associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer, as well as increased healthcare expenditures, reduced job productivity, and lost of money. Objective: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to find out relation with some risk factors among staff at Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University. Patients and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design carried out in Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University. Included (150) of staff selected. Sampling Technique to selection staff were random (probability sampling). The data collection by direct interview technique of researcher with each participant of staff from 5th November 2021 to 4th July 2022. Results: The study show socio-demographic characteristics. Regarding to staff age (31-40) years constituted the majority (38.0%). High percentage of participants were married (84.7%) and lower percentage were divorced (1.3%), BMI in the study population the high percentage were (42.0%) of participants overweight, BMI was highly significantly by practicing exercise (P= 0.000), significant differences in BMI with regular three meals a day and eat fast food (P= 0.01), (P= 0.03). Conclusion: This study found that a large number of participant were overweight or obese. BMI changes a lot with age. There were big differences in BMI between participant who worked out regularly and participant who ate three meals a day or fast food.
{"title":"Prevalence of Obesity and Overweight among Staff at Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University","authors":"Ahmed Kadhim Jawad, Ammar Abbas Okab","doi":"10.26505/djm.24017081106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24017081106","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Overweight and obesity defined as \"abnormal or excessive fat accumulation that presents a risk to health\". Obesity is the fifth among global causes of death. The rise in overweight and obesity among adult workers is a global public health concern. It's associated with a higher risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, coronary heart disease, stroke, and cancer, as well as increased healthcare expenditures, reduced job productivity, and lost of money. Objective: To assess the prevalence of overweight and obesity and to find out relation with some risk factors among staff at Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University. Patients and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study design carried out in Technical Institute-Swaira in Middle Technical University. Included (150) of staff selected. Sampling Technique to selection staff were random (probability sampling). The data collection by direct interview technique of researcher with each participant of staff from 5th November 2021 to 4th July 2022. Results: The study show socio-demographic characteristics. Regarding to staff age (31-40) years constituted the majority (38.0%). High percentage of participants were married (84.7%) and lower percentage were divorced (1.3%), BMI in the study population the high percentage were (42.0%) of participants overweight, BMI was highly significantly by practicing exercise (P= 0.000), significant differences in BMI with regular three meals a day and eat fast food (P= 0.01), (P= 0.03). Conclusion: This study found that a large number of participant were overweight or obese. BMI changes a lot with age. There were big differences in BMI between participant who worked out regularly and participant who ate three meals a day or fast food.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"10 28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-05DOI: 10.26505/djm.24016880824
Araz Hasan Mohammed, Gulikhan Ahmed Omer
Background:Tinea pedis (athletic foot) is the most common dermatophytic fungal infection of the body. It may last for a short or long time and may recur after treatment. Objective: To assessed and compared the effectiveness and safety of 1% terbinafine cream and 1% clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea pedis. Patients and Methods: Randomized control trial was done in the outpatient clinic of dermatology department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. From March, 2019 to January, 2020. Sixty patients with tinea pedis diag-nosed clinically were included in this study. Thirty patients applied 1% terbinafine cream topically twice daily for one week and thirty patients applied 1% clotrimazole cream topically twice daily for four weeks. Scraping for fungi was performed before and after therapy. Efficacy was assessed by clini-cal cure and mycological cure. Clinical and mycological cure measured at weeks one, four and six. Results: Mycological cure rates were 86.7% for terbinafine and 80% for clotrimazole at 4 weeks, 86.7% for terbinafine and 90% for clotrimazole at 6 weeks. At 4 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had a 76.67 percent clinical treatment rate; at 6 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate. Conclusion: The study showed that one week terbinafine two times a day is as effective as four weeks clotrimazole two times a day as well as in terms of mycological treatments and efficient therapies.
{"title":"Comparative Study of Topical 1% Terbinafine Cream Versus 1% Clotrimazole Cream in The Treatment of Tineapedis","authors":"Araz Hasan Mohammed, Gulikhan Ahmed Omer","doi":"10.26505/djm.24016880824","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26505/djm.24016880824","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Tinea pedis (athletic foot) is the most common dermatophytic fungal infection of the body. It may last for a short or long time and may recur after treatment. Objective: To assessed and compared the effectiveness and safety of 1% terbinafine cream and 1% clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea pedis. Patients and Methods: Randomized control trial was done in the outpatient clinic of dermatology department in Rizgary Teaching Hospital in Erbil. From March, 2019 to January, 2020. Sixty patients with tinea pedis diag-nosed clinically were included in this study. Thirty patients applied 1% terbinafine cream topically twice daily for one week and thirty patients applied 1% clotrimazole cream topically twice daily for four weeks. Scraping for fungi was performed before and after therapy. Efficacy was assessed by clini-cal cure and mycological cure. Clinical and mycological cure measured at weeks one, four and six. Results: Mycological cure rates were 86.7% for terbinafine and 80% for clotrimazole at 4 weeks, 86.7% for terbinafine and 90% for clotrimazole at 6 weeks. At 4 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had a 76.67 percent clinical treatment rate; at 6 weeks, terbinafine had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate and clotrimazole had an 83.3 percent clinical treatment rate. Conclusion: The study showed that one week terbinafine two times a day is as effective as four weeks clotrimazole two times a day as well as in terms of mycological treatments and efficient therapies.","PeriodicalId":11202,"journal":{"name":"Diyala Journal of Medicine","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136047682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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