Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2020.1868052
C. Capel
ABSTRACT The rise of Islam in the Maghrib al-Aqṣā in the eighth and ninth centuries and the simultaneous onset of deep and lasting political, economic, cultural and social upheavals across the region have led historians to focus on Islamisation as the principal cause of this revolution. This article will explore the possible contribution of environmental factors to economic change, and consequently to social and political development. This discussion relates to the field of historical climatology which has been limited in Africa, and especially in the western Maghrib. It focuses on a case study of the caravan city of Sijilmāsa (Morocco) and argues that an important climate oscillation between the eighth and ninth centuries may have been a decisive factor in its foundation. Finally, it suggests that this climate fluctuation may have been a driving factor in the urbanisation that the Maghrib al-Aqṣā experienced more widely in this period.
{"title":"Authority Beyond State and Tribe in the Early Medieval Maghrib: The Impact of Climate on the Economic, Social and Political Reorganisation of the Maghrib al-Aqṣā in the Eighth–Ninth Centuries: The Case of Sijilmāsa (Morocco)","authors":"C. Capel","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2020.1868052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2020.1868052","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The rise of Islam in the Maghrib al-Aqṣā in the eighth and ninth centuries and the simultaneous onset of deep and lasting political, economic, cultural and social upheavals across the region have led historians to focus on Islamisation as the principal cause of this revolution. This article will explore the possible contribution of environmental factors to economic change, and consequently to social and political development. This discussion relates to the field of historical climatology which has been limited in Africa, and especially in the western Maghrib. It focuses on a case study of the caravan city of Sijilmāsa (Morocco) and argues that an important climate oscillation between the eighth and ninth centuries may have been a decisive factor in its foundation. Finally, it suggests that this climate fluctuation may have been a driving factor in the urbanisation that the Maghrib al-Aqṣā experienced more widely in this period.","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122280806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877422
B. Catlos
The emergence of Islam out of the Arabian Peninsula and onto the world stage in the mid-1st/7th century heralded not only the latest iteration of the Abrahamic faith, but the establishment of a new...
{"title":"Friends of the Emir: Non-Muslim State Officials in Premodern Islamic Thought","authors":"B. Catlos","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877422","url":null,"abstract":"The emergence of Islam out of the Arabian Peninsula and onto the world stage in the mid-1st/7th century heralded not only the latest iteration of the Abrahamic faith, but the establishment of a new...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124820778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877429
E. Wagner
To make it clear in the beginning, this is not a critical book review. Rather, it is an unapologetic and unashamed panegyric for arguably the greatest living Geniza historian, and a celebration of ...
{"title":"The Lost Archive. Traces of a Caliphate in a Cairo Synagogue","authors":"E. Wagner","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877429","url":null,"abstract":"To make it clear in the beginning, this is not a critical book review. Rather, it is an unapologetic and unashamed panegyric for arguably the greatest living Geniza historian, and a celebration of ...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132585273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877420
D. Abulafia
Book titles often promise much more than they deliver. In the case of Andrew Devereux’s pioneering study of the Mediterranean policies of Ferdinand the Catholic the title does not really do justice...
{"title":"The Other Side of Empire. Just War in the Mediterranean and the Rise of Early Modern Spain","authors":"D. Abulafia","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877420","url":null,"abstract":"Book titles often promise much more than they deliver. In the case of Andrew Devereux’s pioneering study of the Mediterranean policies of Ferdinand the Catholic the title does not really do justice...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"240 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126812680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877428
Jason T. Roche
Remembering the Crusades in Medieval Texts and Songs is a slender volume published under the auspices of The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture. The seven short articles reflect t...
{"title":"Remembering the Crusades in Medieval Texts and Songs","authors":"Jason T. Roche","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877428","url":null,"abstract":"Remembering the Crusades in Medieval Texts and Songs is a slender volume published under the auspices of The Journal of Religious History, Literature and Culture. The seven short articles reflect t...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115087041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877423
Christopher Heath
This is a lengthy work which comprises thirty-six contributions, a short Introduction, two appreciations of Professor Wickham and a comprehensive bibliography of Wickham’s published outputs from 19...
{"title":"Italy and Early Medieval Europe: Papers for Chris Wickham","authors":"Christopher Heath","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877423","url":null,"abstract":"This is a lengthy work which comprises thirty-six contributions, a short Introduction, two appreciations of Professor Wickham and a comprehensive bibliography of Wickham’s published outputs from 19...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"34 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132194086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877424
Nicholas Morton
The Normans and the ‘Norman Edge’ is the second essay collection to be produced as part of the AHRC funded project ‘The Norman Edge: Identity and State-Formation on the Frontiers of Europe, c.1050-...
{"title":"The Normans and the ‘Norman Edge’: Peoples, Polities and Identities on the Frontiers of Medieval Europe","authors":"Nicholas Morton","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877424","url":null,"abstract":"The Normans and the ‘Norman Edge’ is the second essay collection to be produced as part of the AHRC funded project ‘The Norman Edge: Identity and State-Formation on the Frontiers of Europe, c.1050-...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130646007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2021.1877425
Nicholas Morton
Roger II of Sicily was a remarkable ruler, whose reign was spent consolidating and expanding Norman influence in the Mediterranean whilst building a culture which spliced together practices drawn f...
{"title":"Roger II of Sicily: Family, Faith, and Empire in the Medieval Mediterranean World","authors":"Nicholas Morton","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2021.1877425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2021.1877425","url":null,"abstract":"Roger II of Sicily was a remarkable ruler, whose reign was spent consolidating and expanding Norman influence in the Mediterranean whilst building a culture which spliced together practices drawn f...","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"409 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121817174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-06DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2020.1850135
Cyrille Aillet
ABSTRACT The Rustamid Imamate emerged in the aftermath of the uprisings against the Caliphate (around 160/777) and was the leading and only long-lasting Ibāḍī State in North Africa. Tāhart, a settlement in the Roman borderlands, became its cradle and witnessed the foundation of a new Islamic stronghold. How was this Islamic polity able to establish itself on the edges of the Caliphate, in a strikingly different social and political milieu? How did the Imamate assert its authority over a fragmented tribal society? The answer to these issues requires understanding of how pre-Islamic traditions influenced state-building and adapted the foreign Eastern model of the Imamate. Through the analysis of foundation narratives and archaeological data, this article reconstructs the formation of this early Islamic polity.
{"title":"Identifying the Rustamid Imamate. State Building and Urban Foundation through the Case of Tāhart","authors":"Cyrille Aillet","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2020.1850135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2020.1850135","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The Rustamid Imamate emerged in the aftermath of the uprisings against the Caliphate (around 160/777) and was the leading and only long-lasting Ibāḍī State in North Africa. Tāhart, a settlement in the Roman borderlands, became its cradle and witnessed the foundation of a new Islamic stronghold. How was this Islamic polity able to establish itself on the edges of the Caliphate, in a strikingly different social and political milieu? How did the Imamate assert its authority over a fragmented tribal society? The answer to these issues requires understanding of how pre-Islamic traditions influenced state-building and adapted the foreign Eastern model of the Imamate. Through the analysis of foundation narratives and archaeological data, this article reconstructs the formation of this early Islamic polity.","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121871666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-06DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2020.1842090
A. Rizzo
ABSTRACT The article addresses the use of the written language in relations between European states and the Mamlūk sultanate (Egypt-Syria, 1250–1517), focusing on chancery sources relating to diplomatic missions to Cairo. In the first part, the author presents an overview of the documents that marked the various stages of embassies to the sultan’s court (authorities’ instructions, cover letters, safe-conducts, Mamlūk chancery documents, etc.). By analysing the nature of these sources, the article aims to show their utility for the purpose of diplomatic interaction. In the second part, the study focuses on the significance of the written language, examining in particular the relationship between the rhetoric of the diplomatic discourse and its actual usefulness. In dealing with some specific aspects of the chancery instruments (commercial clauses, religious issues), the article highlights the active force of the written word in keeping diplomatic dialogue alive despite all the possible differences or contrasts.
{"title":"The Significance of the Written Word in European–Mamlūk Diplomatic Missions","authors":"A. Rizzo","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2020.1842090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2020.1842090","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The article addresses the use of the written language in relations between European states and the Mamlūk sultanate (Egypt-Syria, 1250–1517), focusing on chancery sources relating to diplomatic missions to Cairo. In the first part, the author presents an overview of the documents that marked the various stages of embassies to the sultan’s court (authorities’ instructions, cover letters, safe-conducts, Mamlūk chancery documents, etc.). By analysing the nature of these sources, the article aims to show their utility for the purpose of diplomatic interaction. In the second part, the study focuses on the significance of the written language, examining in particular the relationship between the rhetoric of the diplomatic discourse and its actual usefulness. In dealing with some specific aspects of the chancery instruments (commercial clauses, religious issues), the article highlights the active force of the written word in keeping diplomatic dialogue alive despite all the possible differences or contrasts.","PeriodicalId":112464,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masāq","volume":"432 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122925665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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