Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-28-35
Alesia V. Panibrat, Alina R. Tryfanava, A. Savachka, R. Litvinovskaya, N. M. Chashchina, Corresponding Member, Vladimir N. Zhabinskii Academician, V. Khripach, О. В. Панибрат, А. Р. Трифонова, О. П. Савочка, Р. П. Литвиновская, Н. М. Чащина, Владимир Николаевич Жабинский, В. А. Хрипач
The aim of this work is to study the effect of new derivatives of brassinosteroids – their esters with salicylic, succinic, and indolylacetic acids on the growth of tumor cells, on their distribution by cell cycle phases and determination of the type of cell death. It was shown that the activity of the new synthesized compounds differed significantly depending on the substitution nature in the steroid nucleus, amounting to <10 µM in the case of epibrassinolide and epicastasterone salicylates, simultaneously causing the cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, a mitochondrial potential decrease, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The results obtained indicate the high activity of salicylates, which effectively suppress the growth of the all studied types of tumors, and the prospects of finding new antitumor agents in this series of compounds.
{"title":"Effect of brassinosteroid esters with salicylic, succinic, and indolylacetic acids on the tumor cell growth","authors":"Alesia V. Panibrat, Alina R. Tryfanava, A. Savachka, R. Litvinovskaya, N. M. Chashchina, Corresponding Member, Vladimir N. Zhabinskii Academician, V. Khripach, О. В. Панибрат, А. Р. Трифонова, О. П. Савочка, Р. П. Литвиновская, Н. М. Чащина, Владимир Николаевич Жабинский, В. А. Хрипач","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-28-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-28-35","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to study the effect of new derivatives of brassinosteroids – their esters with salicylic, succinic, and indolylacetic acids on the growth of tumor cells, on their distribution by cell cycle phases and determination of the type of cell death. It was shown that the activity of the new synthesized compounds differed significantly depending on the substitution nature in the steroid nucleus, amounting to <10 µM in the case of epibrassinolide and epicastasterone salicylates, simultaneously causing the cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, a mitochondrial potential decrease, and apoptosis of tumor cells. The results obtained indicate the high activity of salicylates, which effectively suppress the growth of the all studied types of tumors, and the prospects of finding new antitumor agents in this series of compounds.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"20 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-79-88
V. A. Kot
A new approach is proposed how to calculate the laminar boundary layer in slow flows. It is based on describing the velocity profile using a polynomial of indefinite degree and on introducing two additional coordinate-dependent parameters, one of which defines the separation of the boundary layer from a wall once this parameter reaches zero. The approach based on three integral relations and reducing the problem to the system of three ordinary differential equations was further developed. A numerical analysis performed for the Howart–Tani flow showed that the separation point of a laminar boundary layer is determined highly exactly using this approach. It was shown that introducing into consideration certain restrictions for the outer surface of a boundary layer allows one to find the problem solutions which would adequately define and fairly exactly determine the flow velocity distribution within this layer, and at any point up to the point of its separation. The proposed numerical-analytical calculation method based on three integral relations and two additional parameters and involving the definition of the flow velocity profile by a polynomial of indefinite degree can be extended to other slow flows past smooth two-dimensional surfaces.
{"title":"On the problem of determining the separation point of the laminar boundary layer by the example of the Howart–Tani flow","authors":"V. A. Kot","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-79-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-79-88","url":null,"abstract":"A new approach is proposed how to calculate the laminar boundary layer in slow flows. It is based on describing the velocity profile using a polynomial of indefinite degree and on introducing two additional coordinate-dependent parameters, one of which defines the separation of the boundary layer from a wall once this parameter reaches zero. The approach based on three integral relations and reducing the problem to the system of three ordinary differential equations was further developed. A numerical analysis performed for the Howart–Tani flow showed that the separation point of a laminar boundary layer is determined highly exactly using this approach. It was shown that introducing into consideration certain restrictions for the outer surface of a boundary layer allows one to find the problem solutions which would adequately define and fairly exactly determine the flow velocity distribution within this layer, and at any point up to the point of its separation. The proposed numerical-analytical calculation method based on three integral relations and two additional parameters and involving the definition of the flow velocity profile by a polynomial of indefinite degree can be extended to other slow flows past smooth two-dimensional surfaces.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"71 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-18-27
A. Ivashkevich, V. Red'kov, A. M. Ishkhanyan
In the paper, we examine the non-relativistic approximation in the relativistic system of equations in Cartesian coordinates for 16-component wave functions with transformation properties of the vector-bispinor under the Lorentz group. When performing the non-relativistic approximation, for separating large and small components in the complete wave function we apply the method of projective operators. Accordingly, the complete wave function is presented as a sum of three parts: the large part depends on 6 variables, and the small ones depend on 14 variables. We have found two linear constraints on large components and two constraints on the small ones. After performing the procedure of the non-relativistic approximation we have derived 6 equations with a needed non-relativistic structure, which include only 4 large components. It is proved that only 4 equations are independent, so we have arrived at the generalized Pauli-like equation for the 4-component wave function. The analysis of transformation properties of the non-relativistic wave function permits us to generalize the structure of the derived equation to an arbitrary curved 3-space.
{"title":"Non-relativistic approximation in the Pauli–Fierz theory for a spin 3/2 particle in the presence of external fields","authors":"A. Ivashkevich, V. Red'kov, A. M. Ishkhanyan","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-18-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-18-27","url":null,"abstract":"In the paper, we examine the non-relativistic approximation in the relativistic system of equations in Cartesian coordinates for 16-component wave functions with transformation properties of the vector-bispinor under the Lorentz group. When performing the non-relativistic approximation, for separating large and small components in the complete wave function we apply the method of projective operators. Accordingly, the complete wave function is presented as a sum of three parts: the large part depends on 6 variables, and the small ones depend on 14 variables. We have found two linear constraints on large components and two constraints on the small ones. After performing the procedure of the non-relativistic approximation we have derived 6 equations with a needed non-relativistic structure, which include only 4 large components. It is proved that only 4 equations are independent, so we have arrived at the generalized Pauli-like equation for the 4-component wave function. The analysis of transformation properties of the non-relativistic wave function permits us to generalize the structure of the derived equation to an arbitrary curved 3-space.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-7-14
P. P. Matus, G. P. Gromyko, B. Utebaev
In this work, for the first time, compact and monotone difference schemes of the 4th order of accuracy are constructed and studied, preserving the property of conservation (divergence), for a quasilinear stationary reaction-diffusion equation. To linearize the nonlinear difference scheme, an iterative method of the Newton-Seidel type is used, which also preserves the idea of conservation and monotonicity of the iteration. The main idea of implementing the proposed difference scheme on a three-point stencil of the sweep method is based on the possibility of parallelizing the computational process. First, the solution is at the even nodes, and then at the odd ones. In this case, all equations remain three-point with respect to the unknown function. The arising problems of finding additional boundary conditions at the boundary nodes are solved using the Newton interpolation polynomial of the 4th order of accuracy. The presented results of the computational experiment illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The possibility of generalizing this method to more difficult problems is also indicated.
{"title":"Conservative compact and monotone fourth order difference schemes for quasilinear equations","authors":"P. P. Matus, G. P. Gromyko, B. Utebaev","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-7-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-7-14","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, for the first time, compact and monotone difference schemes of the 4th order of accuracy are constructed and studied, preserving the property of conservation (divergence), for a quasilinear stationary reaction-diffusion equation. To linearize the nonlinear difference scheme, an iterative method of the Newton-Seidel type is used, which also preserves the idea of conservation and monotonicity of the iteration. The main idea of implementing the proposed difference scheme on a three-point stencil of the sweep method is based on the possibility of parallelizing the computational process. First, the solution is at the even nodes, and then at the odd ones. In this case, all equations remain three-point with respect to the unknown function. The arising problems of finding additional boundary conditions at the boundary nodes are solved using the Newton interpolation polynomial of the 4th order of accuracy. The presented results of the computational experiment illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The possibility of generalizing this method to more difficult problems is also indicated.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"20 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140080695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-15-17
V. Yanchevskiĭ
In the theory of classical linear algebraic groups, of importance are special unitary groups of non-commuted involution crossed products with division. The description of these groups largely depends on the involution type of these products. The class of Abelian involution crossed products is considered and the criterion for their existence is set provided that unitary bases (with respect to these involutions) are present in these products.
{"title":"On abelian unitary involutions of crossed products","authors":"V. Yanchevskiĭ","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-15-17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-15-17","url":null,"abstract":"In the theory of classical linear algebraic groups, of importance are special unitary groups of non-commuted involution crossed products with division. The description of these groups largely depends on the involution type of these products. The class of Abelian involution crossed products is considered and the criterion for their existence is set provided that unitary bases (with respect to these involutions) are present in these products.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"76 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-72-78
S. Kakareka, T. Kukharchyk, K. I. Rabychyn
The first data on the content of microplastic particles in freshwater reservoirs of the East Antarctica (by the example of the Thala Hills Oasis, Enderby Land) are presented. The studies were made during the 14th BAE in 2022/2023 with the selection and filtration of water from three lakes and one temporary reservoir. Filtration was carried out in two stages: in the field conditions through a plankton network to concentrate a sample and then in the laboratory through White Ribbon filters. Dried filters after delivery to Minsk were analyzed using a microscope, digital camera and consulting software. It was found that microplastic particles were present in all analyzed samples. Fibers dominated in all samples, amounting to 81 % of the total microplastic particles. The particle size, represented by fragments of irregularly shaped plastics, is less than 1 mm in 90 % of cases. The fiber size in 91 % of cases ranges from 1 to 5 mm with a maximum value of 16.4 mm. The importance of developing research and assessing the levels of microplastic pollution in Antarctic fresh water is shown with the consideration of seasonal changes in their condition, morphometric and other features.
{"title":"Microplastics in the fresh waters of the coastal oasis of the East Antarctica (on an the example of the Thala Hills, Enderby Land)","authors":"S. Kakareka, T. Kukharchyk, K. I. Rabychyn","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-72-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-72-78","url":null,"abstract":"The first data on the content of microplastic particles in freshwater reservoirs of the East Antarctica (by the example of the Thala Hills Oasis, Enderby Land) are presented. The studies were made during the 14th BAE in 2022/2023 with the selection and filtration of water from three lakes and one temporary reservoir. Filtration was carried out in two stages: in the field conditions through a plankton network to concentrate a sample and then in the laboratory through White Ribbon filters. Dried filters after delivery to Minsk were analyzed using a microscope, digital camera and consulting software. It was found that microplastic particles were present in all analyzed samples. Fibers dominated in all samples, amounting to 81 % of the total microplastic particles. The particle size, represented by fragments of irregularly shaped plastics, is less than 1 mm in 90 % of cases. The fiber size in 91 % of cases ranges from 1 to 5 mm with a maximum value of 16.4 mm. The importance of developing research and assessing the levels of microplastic pollution in Antarctic fresh water is shown with the consideration of seasonal changes in their condition, morphometric and other features.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"74 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-55-60
V. Razlutskij
An intrinsic rate of population increase (r) in a local habitat is determined by the birth-to-death ratio and by migration processes. In natural populations, including Cladocera, r is estimated as the logarithm difference of population densities at the end and at the beginning of time interval. Under this method of evaluation, migration processes are already included in the final population density. A realized intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax) can be determined from the data on age-related mortality and fecundity by the life table method. The high regression relation (R2 = 0.867) was found between rmax, the first time of reproduction (Drepr) and mean fecundity during the reproduction period (mean_mx). Drepr is known for most of Cladocera, the mean_mx analog can be easily determined in their natural populations; these parameters can be used to evaluate a possible intrinsic rate of population increase (rcalc). The differences between r and rcalc can be used to evaluate migration processes. If these differences are positive, then individuals are emigrating from the population, if they are negative, then there occurs the influx of immigrants.
{"title":"Evolution of migration processes in Cladocera populations","authors":"V. Razlutskij","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-55-60","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-55-60","url":null,"abstract":"An intrinsic rate of population increase (r) in a local habitat is determined by the birth-to-death ratio and by migration processes. In natural populations, including Cladocera, r is estimated as the logarithm difference of population densities at the end and at the beginning of time interval. Under this method of evaluation, migration processes are already included in the final population density. A realized intrinsic rate of population increase (rmax) can be determined from the data on age-related mortality and fecundity by the life table method. The high regression relation (R2 = 0.867) was found between rmax, the first time of reproduction (Drepr) and mean fecundity during the reproduction period (mean_mx). Drepr is known for most of Cladocera, the mean_mx analog can be easily determined in their natural populations; these parameters can be used to evaluate a possible intrinsic rate of population increase (rcalc). The differences between r and rcalc can be used to evaluate migration processes. If these differences are positive, then individuals are emigrating from the population, if they are negative, then there occurs the influx of immigrants.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"16 S3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140265864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-36-45
E. G. Ragoyja, V. E. Matulis, O. A. Ivashkevich, D. A. Lyakhov, D. Michels
The approaches to estimating the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of adsorption processes and heterogeneous catalytic reactions on the basis of the quantum chemical calculation data were studied. By comparing with the experimental data on CO adsorption on the anatase (TiO2) surface, the applicability of the developed multilayer cluster model for calculation of the adsorption energy (enthalpy) was shown. The data on the calculation methods of the entropy change in heterogeneous processes were analyzed. The use of the theories of an ideal two-dimensional gas and an ideal two-dimensional lattice gas for estimating a configuration contribution to the entropy of a heterogeneous process was studied. The density of adsorption centers on the (101) anatase surface and the population corresponding to the standard state of an ideal two-dimensional gas were calculated. The consistency of the studied models at low populations was shown, and the limits of their applicability were established.
研究了根据量子化学计算数据估算吸附过程和异相催化反应的焓、熵和吉布斯能变化的方法。通过与锐钛矿（TiO2）表面 CO 吸附实验数据的比较，证明了所建立的多层簇模型适用于吸附能（焓）的计算。分析了异质过程中熵变化计算方法的数据。研究了利用理想二维气体和理想二维晶格气体理论估算异质过程熵的构型贡献。计算了 (101) 锐钛矿表面的吸附中心密度和理想二维气体标准状态对应的吸附中心数量。研究结果表明了所研究模型在低吸附中心数量时的一致性，并确定了其适用范围。
{"title":"Quantum-chemical calculations of thermodynamic characteristics of some heterogeneous catalytic processes with the use of multilayer cluster models","authors":"E. G. Ragoyja, V. E. Matulis, O. A. Ivashkevich, D. A. Lyakhov, D. Michels","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-36-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-36-45","url":null,"abstract":"The approaches to estimating the changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs energy of adsorption processes and heterogeneous catalytic reactions on the basis of the quantum chemical calculation data were studied. By comparing with the experimental data on CO adsorption on the anatase (TiO2) surface, the applicability of the developed multilayer cluster model for calculation of the adsorption energy (enthalpy) was shown. The data on the calculation methods of the entropy change in heterogeneous processes were analyzed. The use of the theories of an ideal two-dimensional gas and an ideal two-dimensional lattice gas for estimating a configuration contribution to the entropy of a heterogeneous process was studied. The density of adsorption centers on the (101) anatase surface and the population corresponding to the standard state of an ideal two-dimensional gas were calculated. The consistency of the studied models at low populations was shown, and the limits of their applicability were established.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"10 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-46-54
N. G. Averina, S. M. Savina, A. V. Yemelyanava, I. Dremuk, Yu. V. Prischepchik
It was found that in anthocyanin-enriched coleoptiles of winter wheat EtW5 variety, the exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increased the content of anthocyanins by a factor of 1.5 and the expression level of structural (PAL, CHS) and regulatory (PAP-1) genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. In coleoptiles of Vladi plants containing 33 times less anthocyanins compared to EtW5, the expression of CHS and PAP-1 was reduced and additionally inhibited by ALA. Thus, the genetic activity of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid sites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway shows distinct variety specificity and a dependence on the level of anthocyanins. ALA significantly reduced the thermal dissipation of excitation energy in PSII complexes in the EtW5 variety enriched with anthocyanins and significantly increased the level of these processes in the Vladi variety. Variety-specificity was noted in the levels of frost resistance of two varieties – high (88 % of surviving plants exposed to a temperature of –8 °С for 5 hours) in the EtW5 variety and lower (80 %) in the Vladi variety. ALA increased the frost resistance of both varieties due to an increase in the content of anthocyanins and proline in the coleoptiles of the EtW5 variety and a higher proline content in the Vladi variety.
{"title":"Molecular mechanisms of regulation of anthocyanine biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and frost resistance of winter wheat seedlings treated with the 5-aminolevulic acid","authors":"N. G. Averina, S. M. Savina, A. V. Yemelyanava, I. Dremuk, Yu. V. Prischepchik","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-46-54","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-46-54","url":null,"abstract":"It was found that in anthocyanin-enriched coleoptiles of winter wheat EtW5 variety, the exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) increased the content of anthocyanins by a factor of 1.5 and the expression level of structural (PAL, CHS) and regulatory (PAP-1) genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway. In coleoptiles of Vladi plants containing 33 times less anthocyanins compared to EtW5, the expression of CHS and PAP-1 was reduced and additionally inhibited by ALA. Thus, the genetic activity of the phenylpropanoid and flavonoid sites of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway shows distinct variety specificity and a dependence on the level of anthocyanins. ALA significantly reduced the thermal dissipation of excitation energy in PSII complexes in the EtW5 variety enriched with anthocyanins and significantly increased the level of these processes in the Vladi variety. Variety-specificity was noted in the levels of frost resistance of two varieties – high (88 % of surviving plants exposed to a temperature of –8 °С for 5 hours) in the EtW5 variety and lower (80 %) in the Vladi variety. ALA increased the frost resistance of both varieties due to an increase in the content of anthocyanins and proline in the coleoptiles of the EtW5 variety and a higher proline content in the Vladi variety.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"29 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140266604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-04DOI: 10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-61-71
R. Dovnar, S. M. Smotryn, S. S. Anufrik, S. N. Anuchin, I. S. Dovnar, N. N. Iaskevich
The high level of polyantibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria dictates the need to search for and develop new classes of substances that have a different mechanism of action compared to antibiotics. As alternatives, metal nanoparticles can be considered, especially if an environmentally friendly method of production is used in the process of creating the latter. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid, which belongs to the “green” chemistry methods. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied using a spectrophotometer, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The antibacterial properties of nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were analyzed on the example of two strains of Gram-positive, five strains of Gram-negative bacteria. The performed studies have shown that nickel nanoparticles have characteristic absorption maxima in the middle ultraviolet (285 nm) and red (750 nm) regions of the spectrum, the optical density spectrum of a colloidal solution of aluminum nanoparticles does not have pronounced maxima. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanoparticles of the studied metals are predominantly spherical in shape and their diameters correspond to the range (20–60 nm). At the same time, in an insignificant amount, individual conglomerates (≥100 nm in size) are observed. The performed bacteriological studies have revealed the presence of pronounced antimicrobial properties in nickel and aluminum nanoparticles in relation to the most common clinical pathogenic strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid are characterized by a relatively uniform shape, a small scatter in size, and have an antibacterial effect against the most common clinical pathogenic microbial strains, which makes them a unique class of substances in terms of developing new ways to combat antibiotic resistance in medicine, in general, and in surgery, in particular.
{"title":"Antibacterial properties of nickel and aluminum nanoparticles","authors":"R. Dovnar, S. M. Smotryn, S. S. Anufrik, S. N. Anuchin, I. S. Dovnar, N. N. Iaskevich","doi":"10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-61-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8323-2024-68-1-61-71","url":null,"abstract":"The high level of polyantibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria dictates the need to search for and develop new classes of substances that have a different mechanism of action compared to antibiotics. As alternatives, metal nanoparticles can be considered, especially if an environmentally friendly method of production is used in the process of creating the latter. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid, which belongs to the “green” chemistry methods. The optical, structural, and morphological properties of the synthesized nanoparticles were studied using a spectrophotometer, atomic force and transmission electron microscopy, respectively. The antibacterial properties of nickel and aluminum nanoparticles were analyzed on the example of two strains of Gram-positive, five strains of Gram-negative bacteria. The performed studies have shown that nickel nanoparticles have characteristic absorption maxima in the middle ultraviolet (285 nm) and red (750 nm) regions of the spectrum, the optical density spectrum of a colloidal solution of aluminum nanoparticles does not have pronounced maxima. Atomic force and transmission electron microscopy revealed that the nanoparticles of the studied metals are predominantly spherical in shape and their diameters correspond to the range (20–60 nm). At the same time, in an insignificant amount, individual conglomerates (≥100 nm in size) are observed. The performed bacteriological studies have revealed the presence of pronounced antimicrobial properties in nickel and aluminum nanoparticles in relation to the most common clinical pathogenic strains of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms. Nickel and aluminum nanoparticles synthesized by the laser ablation method in liquid are characterized by a relatively uniform shape, a small scatter in size, and have an antibacterial effect against the most common clinical pathogenic microbial strains, which makes them a unique class of substances in terms of developing new ways to combat antibiotic resistance in medicine, in general, and in surgery, in particular.","PeriodicalId":11283,"journal":{"name":"Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus","volume":"94 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079785","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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