{"title":"Design and development of magnetic track inspection robot","authors":"M. Salam, M. F. A. Jalal","doi":"10.1063/1.5118039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118039","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130883251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. M. M. Khazani, M. F. A. Jalal, M. Isa, K. Sahari
{"title":"Design and development of end effector for changing bulb","authors":"M. M. M. Khazani, M. F. A. Jalal, M. Isa, K. Sahari","doi":"10.1063/1.5118034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118034","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121258231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Ramli, Mohd Fairuz Abdul Hamid, Nurul Hanis Azhan, Muhammad Alif As-Siddiq Ishak
The increasing of global energy demand by 2.1% in 2017 which is more than twice the previous year’s rate resulting in increasing of carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4% in the previous year after three years of remaining flat. Energy demand can be supplied by renewable energy which is more clean and help reducing carbon emissions. Solar energy has become the dominant renewable energy in Malaysia since it is situated at the equatorial region with an average solar radiation of 400-600 MJ/m2 per month. In this paper, factors that affected solar power generation are studied. All data from these factors are collected and the correlation analysis is done to determine which factor has strong correlation with solar power generation. The factors that have strong correlation with power generation will be used to predict solar power generation for next month. The results from this study showed that k-nearest neighbor method provides a better prediction result than artificial neural network since its root mean square error is the lowest value.The increasing of global energy demand by 2.1% in 2017 which is more than twice the previous year’s rate resulting in increasing of carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4% in the previous year after three years of remaining flat. Energy demand can be supplied by renewable energy which is more clean and help reducing carbon emissions. Solar energy has become the dominant renewable energy in Malaysia since it is situated at the equatorial region with an average solar radiation of 400-600 MJ/m2 per month. In this paper, factors that affected solar power generation are studied. All data from these factors are collected and the correlation analysis is done to determine which factor has strong correlation with solar power generation. The factors that have strong correlation with power generation will be used to predict solar power generation for next month. The results from this study showed that k-nearest neighbor method provides a better prediction result than artificial neural network since its root mean square err...
{"title":"Solar power generation prediction by using k-nearest neighbor method","authors":"N. Ramli, Mohd Fairuz Abdul Hamid, Nurul Hanis Azhan, Muhammad Alif As-Siddiq Ishak","doi":"10.1063/1.5118124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118124","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing of global energy demand by 2.1% in 2017 which is more than twice the previous year’s rate resulting in increasing of carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4% in the previous year after three years of remaining flat. Energy demand can be supplied by renewable energy which is more clean and help reducing carbon emissions. Solar energy has become the dominant renewable energy in Malaysia since it is situated at the equatorial region with an average solar radiation of 400-600 MJ/m2 per month. In this paper, factors that affected solar power generation are studied. All data from these factors are collected and the correlation analysis is done to determine which factor has strong correlation with solar power generation. The factors that have strong correlation with power generation will be used to predict solar power generation for next month. The results from this study showed that k-nearest neighbor method provides a better prediction result than artificial neural network since its root mean square error is the lowest value.The increasing of global energy demand by 2.1% in 2017 which is more than twice the previous year’s rate resulting in increasing of carbon dioxide emissions by 1.4% in the previous year after three years of remaining flat. Energy demand can be supplied by renewable energy which is more clean and help reducing carbon emissions. Solar energy has become the dominant renewable energy in Malaysia since it is situated at the equatorial region with an average solar radiation of 400-600 MJ/m2 per month. In this paper, factors that affected solar power generation are studied. All data from these factors are collected and the correlation analysis is done to determine which factor has strong correlation with solar power generation. The factors that have strong correlation with power generation will be used to predict solar power generation for next month. The results from this study showed that k-nearest neighbor method provides a better prediction result than artificial neural network since its root mean square err...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130312973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rosnita Mohamed, R. Razak, M. Abdullah, R. K. Shuib, Subaer
Geopolymerization had been discussed and concluded by previous researches as an exothermic reaction in which mostly had been determined by using calorimetric method. Calorimetric method enables to detect the amount of heat released or heat absorbed during a reaction and the peaks formed in its data also determine either the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. Researches on heat evolved during geopolymerization were usually being carried out for kinetic studies purpose. However, correlation on the heat evolved during the process to the properties of geopolymers are rarely reported. This study is conducted to determine the effect of heat evolved of geopolymerization during setting with various solid-to-liquid ratios (1.5,2.0,2.5) applied and correlate the heat evolved calculated with compressive strength of class C fly ash geopolymers. In this study, class C fly ash was used as a raw materials and alkali activator used was combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The amount of heat evolved and the peaks observation were determined by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter. The compressive strength was carried out for age of 1-day and 3-days using 50mmx50mmx50mm cubes of geopolymers as this study focused on early strength of geopolymers. The geopolymerization was resulted as an exothermic reaction and the exothermic peaks formation were varied with variation in solid-to-liquid ratio. The optimum ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio obtained in this study in which gave the highest amount of heat evolved (-96.2871 J/g) and highest compressive strength for 1-day age (26.825 MPa) was 2.0. The heat evolved was concluded as significantly affect the early strength of geopolymers for age of 1-day as it has a positive correlation and best fitted when plotted on a graph.Geopolymerization had been discussed and concluded by previous researches as an exothermic reaction in which mostly had been determined by using calorimetric method. Calorimetric method enables to detect the amount of heat released or heat absorbed during a reaction and the peaks formed in its data also determine either the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. Researches on heat evolved during geopolymerization were usually being carried out for kinetic studies purpose. However, correlation on the heat evolved during the process to the properties of geopolymers are rarely reported. This study is conducted to determine the effect of heat evolved of geopolymerization during setting with various solid-to-liquid ratios (1.5,2.0,2.5) applied and correlate the heat evolved calculated with compressive strength of class C fly ash geopolymers. In this study, class C fly ash was used as a raw materials and alkali activator used was combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The amount o...
{"title":"Effect of heat evolved during geopolymerization to the compressive strength of class C fly ash based geopolymers","authors":"Rosnita Mohamed, R. Razak, M. Abdullah, R. K. Shuib, Subaer","doi":"10.1063/1.5118069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118069","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolymerization had been discussed and concluded by previous researches as an exothermic reaction in which mostly had been determined by using calorimetric method. Calorimetric method enables to detect the amount of heat released or heat absorbed during a reaction and the peaks formed in its data also determine either the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. Researches on heat evolved during geopolymerization were usually being carried out for kinetic studies purpose. However, correlation on the heat evolved during the process to the properties of geopolymers are rarely reported. This study is conducted to determine the effect of heat evolved of geopolymerization during setting with various solid-to-liquid ratios (1.5,2.0,2.5) applied and correlate the heat evolved calculated with compressive strength of class C fly ash geopolymers. In this study, class C fly ash was used as a raw materials and alkali activator used was combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The amount of heat evolved and the peaks observation were determined by using Differential Scanning Calorimeter. The compressive strength was carried out for age of 1-day and 3-days using 50mmx50mmx50mm cubes of geopolymers as this study focused on early strength of geopolymers. The geopolymerization was resulted as an exothermic reaction and the exothermic peaks formation were varied with variation in solid-to-liquid ratio. The optimum ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio obtained in this study in which gave the highest amount of heat evolved (-96.2871 J/g) and highest compressive strength for 1-day age (26.825 MPa) was 2.0. The heat evolved was concluded as significantly affect the early strength of geopolymers for age of 1-day as it has a positive correlation and best fitted when plotted on a graph.Geopolymerization had been discussed and concluded by previous researches as an exothermic reaction in which mostly had been determined by using calorimetric method. Calorimetric method enables to detect the amount of heat released or heat absorbed during a reaction and the peaks formed in its data also determine either the reaction is exothermic or endothermic. Researches on heat evolved during geopolymerization were usually being carried out for kinetic studies purpose. However, correlation on the heat evolved during the process to the properties of geopolymers are rarely reported. This study is conducted to determine the effect of heat evolved of geopolymerization during setting with various solid-to-liquid ratios (1.5,2.0,2.5) applied and correlate the heat evolved calculated with compressive strength of class C fly ash geopolymers. In this study, class C fly ash was used as a raw materials and alkali activator used was combination of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na2SiO3). The amount o...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132006577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Application of support vector machine (SVM) has been widely used in regression and prediction. Accurate prediction of daily solar irradiance is important in photovoltaic power system since rapid changes in solar irradiance will easily affect the performance of the whole system. This paper presents the short term future prediction of the solar irradiance using least square support vector machine (LSSVM). Historical solar data set including daily solar irradiance over a period of three years (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) has been collected at Green Energy Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor. This related information shall be used in prediction of the future solar irradiance which useful for predicting electrical parameters of a PV system especially large scale solar (LSS) farm. The simulation was carried out using SVM Toolbox in MATLAB software. The results show good agreement between the predicted and the measured values.Application of support vector machine (SVM) has been widely used in regression and prediction. Accurate prediction of daily solar irradiance is important in photovoltaic power system since rapid changes in solar irradiance will easily affect the performance of the whole system. This paper presents the short term future prediction of the solar irradiance using least square support vector machine (LSSVM). Historical solar data set including daily solar irradiance over a period of three years (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) has been collected at Green Energy Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor. This related information shall be used in prediction of the future solar irradiance which useful for predicting electrical parameters of a PV system especially large scale solar (LSS) farm. The simulation was carried out using SVM Toolbox in MATLAB software. The results show good agreement between the predicted and the measured values.
{"title":"Least square support vector machine technique for short term solar irradiance forecasting","authors":"Fahteem Hamamy, A. M. Omar","doi":"10.1063/1.5118141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118141","url":null,"abstract":"Application of support vector machine (SVM) has been widely used in regression and prediction. Accurate prediction of daily solar irradiance is important in photovoltaic power system since rapid changes in solar irradiance will easily affect the performance of the whole system. This paper presents the short term future prediction of the solar irradiance using least square support vector machine (LSSVM). Historical solar data set including daily solar irradiance over a period of three years (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) has been collected at Green Energy Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor. This related information shall be used in prediction of the future solar irradiance which useful for predicting electrical parameters of a PV system especially large scale solar (LSS) farm. The simulation was carried out using SVM Toolbox in MATLAB software. The results show good agreement between the predicted and the measured values.Application of support vector machine (SVM) has been widely used in regression and prediction. Accurate prediction of daily solar irradiance is important in photovoltaic power system since rapid changes in solar irradiance will easily affect the performance of the whole system. This paper presents the short term future prediction of the solar irradiance using least square support vector machine (LSSVM). Historical solar data set including daily solar irradiance over a period of three years (1 January 2014 to 31 December 2016) has been collected at Green Energy Research Centre, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Shah Alam, Selangor. This related information shall be used in prediction of the future solar irradiance which useful for predicting electrical parameters of a PV system especially large scale solar (LSS) farm. The simulation was carried out using SVM Toolbox in MATLAB software. The results show good agreement between the predicted and the measured values.","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114170498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. F. Ahmed, Athar Ali, Syed Yarooq Raza, K. Kadir, M. K. Joyo, K. Naidu
Demands for rehabilitation robots are now increasing day by day due to increase in the number of patients with neural disorder. These robots help the patients in therapeutic exercise performing specific movements which leads to mitigating neural disorders through a gradual improvement of the patients’ limb performances. As robots are the best suitable options to perform repetitive tasks without the risks of monotony and fatigue failure, rehabilitation via robots have proven to be more of a comfortable exercise than an exhausting treatment procedure. Rehabilitation robots require precise and efficient control in terms of position and force, ensuring thus accuracy in exercise movements. Nonlinear controllers make good option to this end as they adapt to handle the system uncertainties. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) to control the rehabilitation robot for upper limb extremity under various disturbed conditions. From the results MPC proves to be robust controller under the action of applied external disturbances.Demands for rehabilitation robots are now increasing day by day due to increase in the number of patients with neural disorder. These robots help the patients in therapeutic exercise performing specific movements which leads to mitigating neural disorders through a gradual improvement of the patients’ limb performances. As robots are the best suitable options to perform repetitive tasks without the risks of monotony and fatigue failure, rehabilitation via robots have proven to be more of a comfortable exercise than an exhausting treatment procedure. Rehabilitation robots require precise and efficient control in terms of position and force, ensuring thus accuracy in exercise movements. Nonlinear controllers make good option to this end as they adapt to handle the system uncertainties. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) to control the rehabilitation robot for upper limb extremity under various disturbed conditions. From the results MPC proves to be robust controller under the action of app...
{"title":"Model predictive control for upper limb rehabilitation robotic system under disturbed condition","authors":"S. F. Ahmed, Athar Ali, Syed Yarooq Raza, K. Kadir, M. K. Joyo, K. Naidu","doi":"10.1063/1.5118131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118131","url":null,"abstract":"Demands for rehabilitation robots are now increasing day by day due to increase in the number of patients with neural disorder. These robots help the patients in therapeutic exercise performing specific movements which leads to mitigating neural disorders through a gradual improvement of the patients’ limb performances. As robots are the best suitable options to perform repetitive tasks without the risks of monotony and fatigue failure, rehabilitation via robots have proven to be more of a comfortable exercise than an exhausting treatment procedure. Rehabilitation robots require precise and efficient control in terms of position and force, ensuring thus accuracy in exercise movements. Nonlinear controllers make good option to this end as they adapt to handle the system uncertainties. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) to control the rehabilitation robot for upper limb extremity under various disturbed conditions. From the results MPC proves to be robust controller under the action of applied external disturbances.Demands for rehabilitation robots are now increasing day by day due to increase in the number of patients with neural disorder. These robots help the patients in therapeutic exercise performing specific movements which leads to mitigating neural disorders through a gradual improvement of the patients’ limb performances. As robots are the best suitable options to perform repetitive tasks without the risks of monotony and fatigue failure, rehabilitation via robots have proven to be more of a comfortable exercise than an exhausting treatment procedure. Rehabilitation robots require precise and efficient control in terms of position and force, ensuring thus accuracy in exercise movements. Nonlinear controllers make good option to this end as they adapt to handle the system uncertainties. This paper presents a Model Predictive Control (MPC) to control the rehabilitation robot for upper limb extremity under various disturbed conditions. From the results MPC proves to be robust controller under the action of app...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116151995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Green (vegetated) roofs are gaining the popularity in recent years as the green technology to meet the environmental sustainability and low-carbon targets in urban cities. Green roofs are useful in mitigating the stormwater runoff and urban heat island in the urban environment. The plant species played an important role on the hydrological performance of green roof. The study of moisture content behavior in extensive green roof system is still lacking in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is embarked to investigate the soil moisture content behavior in extensive green roof during dry periods within extensive green roof system with respect to different native plant species in Malaysia. A total of six green roof testbeds which vary systematically in their vegetation options (namely, Nephrolepis biserrata (fern), Cow Grass, Philippine Carpet Grass, Portulaca Grandiflora Cultivars (sedum)) were setup in the civil engineering laboratory. The substrate volumetric moisture content (VMC) was recorded by using TDR 100 soil moisture meter at every three hours interval. The highest VMC value was recorded by carpet grass followed by fern, cow grass, sedum, bare soil and finally the mixed plants. This study suggested that sedum species or mixed plant species are the most suitable to be planted in extensive green roof in tropical climate country.Green (vegetated) roofs are gaining the popularity in recent years as the green technology to meet the environmental sustainability and low-carbon targets in urban cities. Green roofs are useful in mitigating the stormwater runoff and urban heat island in the urban environment. The plant species played an important role on the hydrological performance of green roof. The study of moisture content behavior in extensive green roof system is still lacking in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is embarked to investigate the soil moisture content behavior in extensive green roof during dry periods within extensive green roof system with respect to different native plant species in Malaysia. A total of six green roof testbeds which vary systematically in their vegetation options (namely, Nephrolepis biserrata (fern), Cow Grass, Philippine Carpet Grass, Portulaca Grandiflora Cultivars (sedum)) were setup in the civil engineering laboratory. The substrate volumetric moisture content (VMC) was recorded by using TDR 10...
{"title":"Influence of native plant species on substrate moisture content behaviour within extensive green roof system","authors":"M. F. Chow, M. F. A. Bakar, V. Arenanda","doi":"10.1063/1.5118028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118028","url":null,"abstract":"Green (vegetated) roofs are gaining the popularity in recent years as the green technology to meet the environmental sustainability and low-carbon targets in urban cities. Green roofs are useful in mitigating the stormwater runoff and urban heat island in the urban environment. The plant species played an important role on the hydrological performance of green roof. The study of moisture content behavior in extensive green roof system is still lacking in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is embarked to investigate the soil moisture content behavior in extensive green roof during dry periods within extensive green roof system with respect to different native plant species in Malaysia. A total of six green roof testbeds which vary systematically in their vegetation options (namely, Nephrolepis biserrata (fern), Cow Grass, Philippine Carpet Grass, Portulaca Grandiflora Cultivars (sedum)) were setup in the civil engineering laboratory. The substrate volumetric moisture content (VMC) was recorded by using TDR 100 soil moisture meter at every three hours interval. The highest VMC value was recorded by carpet grass followed by fern, cow grass, sedum, bare soil and finally the mixed plants. This study suggested that sedum species or mixed plant species are the most suitable to be planted in extensive green roof in tropical climate country.Green (vegetated) roofs are gaining the popularity in recent years as the green technology to meet the environmental sustainability and low-carbon targets in urban cities. Green roofs are useful in mitigating the stormwater runoff and urban heat island in the urban environment. The plant species played an important role on the hydrological performance of green roof. The study of moisture content behavior in extensive green roof system is still lacking in Malaysia. Therefore, this study is embarked to investigate the soil moisture content behavior in extensive green roof during dry periods within extensive green roof system with respect to different native plant species in Malaysia. A total of six green roof testbeds which vary systematically in their vegetation options (namely, Nephrolepis biserrata (fern), Cow Grass, Philippine Carpet Grass, Portulaca Grandiflora Cultivars (sedum)) were setup in the civil engineering laboratory. The substrate volumetric moisture content (VMC) was recorded by using TDR 10...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"480 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120881668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Aziman, M. Firdaus, P. Faizal, A. Azhar, M. Nordiana, M. Ashraf, M. Aishah
Selection an appropriate method for earth excavation is important for forecasting the project cost. Construction involving interbeded sedimentary and volcanic rocks mass may cause some uncertainties due to the heterogeneous subsurface profile. This study performed at Triassic sedimentary rock formation that may consists these types of rocks. The seismic refraction method is adopted to assess the geomaterials rippability at the proposed new spillway dam. The equipments were ABEM Terraloc MK8 consist of 5 kg of sledge hammer, 28 Hz of vertical geophone and seismograph. In order to generate the subsurface seismic tomography profile, the seismic raw data was analyzed using Optim and Surfer software. It was found that the ground composed of three layers based on primary wave velocity (Vp) at 100 to 800 m/s from 0 to 10 m depth, 800 to 1700 m/s for 10 to 20 m depth and 1700 to 3100 m/s for 20 to 30 m depth. From the borehole and trial pit results show that the top layers consists of residual soils at depth of 0 to 10 m depth followed by the weathered shale. Via comparing the seismic velocity, borehole data and caterpillar rippability chart, the excavation assessment indicates that the area is possible to rippable for soil at 0 to 20 m depth. Then after 20 m depth, the ground material is in marginal rippable. This study has demonstrated that the application of seismic refraction survey was successfully to conduct rippability assessment of interbeded sedimentary rock mass in cost effective way.Selection an appropriate method for earth excavation is important for forecasting the project cost. Construction involving interbeded sedimentary and volcanic rocks mass may cause some uncertainties due to the heterogeneous subsurface profile. This study performed at Triassic sedimentary rock formation that may consists these types of rocks. The seismic refraction method is adopted to assess the geomaterials rippability at the proposed new spillway dam. The equipments were ABEM Terraloc MK8 consist of 5 kg of sledge hammer, 28 Hz of vertical geophone and seismograph. In order to generate the subsurface seismic tomography profile, the seismic raw data was analyzed using Optim and Surfer software. It was found that the ground composed of three layers based on primary wave velocity (Vp) at 100 to 800 m/s from 0 to 10 m depth, 800 to 1700 m/s for 10 to 20 m depth and 1700 to 3100 m/s for 20 to 30 m depth. From the borehole and trial pit results show that the top layers consists of residual soils at depth of 0...
{"title":"Sedimentary rock mass rippability assessment using seismic refraction survey","authors":"M. Aziman, M. Firdaus, P. Faizal, A. Azhar, M. Nordiana, M. Ashraf, M. Aishah","doi":"10.1063/1.5118118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118118","url":null,"abstract":"Selection an appropriate method for earth excavation is important for forecasting the project cost. Construction involving interbeded sedimentary and volcanic rocks mass may cause some uncertainties due to the heterogeneous subsurface profile. This study performed at Triassic sedimentary rock formation that may consists these types of rocks. The seismic refraction method is adopted to assess the geomaterials rippability at the proposed new spillway dam. The equipments were ABEM Terraloc MK8 consist of 5 kg of sledge hammer, 28 Hz of vertical geophone and seismograph. In order to generate the subsurface seismic tomography profile, the seismic raw data was analyzed using Optim and Surfer software. It was found that the ground composed of three layers based on primary wave velocity (Vp) at 100 to 800 m/s from 0 to 10 m depth, 800 to 1700 m/s for 10 to 20 m depth and 1700 to 3100 m/s for 20 to 30 m depth. From the borehole and trial pit results show that the top layers consists of residual soils at depth of 0 to 10 m depth followed by the weathered shale. Via comparing the seismic velocity, borehole data and caterpillar rippability chart, the excavation assessment indicates that the area is possible to rippable for soil at 0 to 20 m depth. Then after 20 m depth, the ground material is in marginal rippable. This study has demonstrated that the application of seismic refraction survey was successfully to conduct rippability assessment of interbeded sedimentary rock mass in cost effective way.Selection an appropriate method for earth excavation is important for forecasting the project cost. Construction involving interbeded sedimentary and volcanic rocks mass may cause some uncertainties due to the heterogeneous subsurface profile. This study performed at Triassic sedimentary rock formation that may consists these types of rocks. The seismic refraction method is adopted to assess the geomaterials rippability at the proposed new spillway dam. The equipments were ABEM Terraloc MK8 consist of 5 kg of sledge hammer, 28 Hz of vertical geophone and seismograph. In order to generate the subsurface seismic tomography profile, the seismic raw data was analyzed using Optim and Surfer software. It was found that the ground composed of three layers based on primary wave velocity (Vp) at 100 to 800 m/s from 0 to 10 m depth, 800 to 1700 m/s for 10 to 20 m depth and 1700 to 3100 m/s for 20 to 30 m depth. From the borehole and trial pit results show that the top layers consists of residual soils at depth of 0...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127919876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Isa, A. Suhaimi, O. S. Zaroog, N. Zahari, S. N. Sulaiman, I. N. Ismail, H. Mohamed
Natural fibre composition is one of the excellent alternative for the most extensively utilized fibre in the composite revolution such as covers; vehicle door’s panel and automobile roofs. Renewable, low cost and also decomposable (biodegradable) are some of benefits natural fibre composites. In latest years, a lot of researchers involved in natural fibre project to reinforced polymer. This study was done using kenaf fibres and polyurethane (PU) as the polymer. Composites have been organized the usage of the three unique percentages of composites 2%, 4% and 6% of kenaf fibre. The hardened composites were cured for 24 hours earlier than it was once shaped in accordance to precise dimensions. Mechanical tests were performed on the samples to study the behavior. In addition, the morphology of the materials were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) Result found that the 6% of kenaf fibre has the highest hardness value, tensile as well as impact strength. It could be seen using SEM that 6% fiber loading showed lesser void and superior interfacial bonding between the fiber and polymer matrix.
{"title":"Characterization of mechanical properties on natural fibre reinforced polymer using kenaf and polyurethane","authors":"M. Isa, A. Suhaimi, O. S. Zaroog, N. Zahari, S. N. Sulaiman, I. N. Ismail, H. Mohamed","doi":"10.1063/1.5118047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118047","url":null,"abstract":"Natural fibre composition is one of the excellent alternative for the most extensively utilized fibre in the composite revolution such as covers; vehicle door’s panel and automobile roofs. Renewable, low cost and also decomposable (biodegradable) are some of benefits natural fibre composites. In latest years, a lot of researchers involved in natural fibre project to reinforced polymer. This study was done using kenaf fibres and polyurethane (PU) as the polymer. Composites have been organized the usage of the three unique percentages of composites 2%, 4% and 6% of kenaf fibre. The hardened composites were cured for 24 hours earlier than it was once shaped in accordance to precise dimensions. Mechanical tests were performed on the samples to study the behavior. In addition, the morphology of the materials were observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) Result found that the 6% of kenaf fibre has the highest hardness value, tensile as well as impact strength. It could be seen using SEM that 6% fiber loading showed lesser void and superior interfacial bonding between the fiber and polymer matrix.","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128401099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is a green alternative fuel that degrades under long-term storage. Antioxidants are utilized in maintaining the oxidation stability of biodiesel by inhibiting the propagation of free radicals resulting in prolonged shelf life. Usage of natural antioxidants from renewable resources is preferred to sustain a green economy and potentially match synthetic antioxidants without being hazardous to the environment. In this study, the potential of antioxidants from crude extracts of Roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and cashew nut shells (Anacardium occidentale) which are agricultural residues that are commonly left unconsumed has been tested for biodiesel storage stability improvement. ABTS antioxidation test on both plant parts showed significant results for all samples regardless of their polarity while β-Carotene test favored polar samples. Positive correlation of DPPH test and total phenolic content (TPC) test confirmed the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in all samples. Total flavonoid content (TFC) test also showed positive results for all samples. GC-MS and LC-MS profiling of both plant parts revealed that all samples contained phenolic compounds with the exception of roselle seeds extracted with hexane (RH), which contained mostly fatty acids. Oxidative stability test using Rancimat test showed that polar samples have superior performance than nonpolar samples whereas 3-pentadecyl phenol showed a poor performance in improving biodiesel storage stability.Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is a green alternative fuel that degrades under long-term storage. Antioxidants are utilized in maintaining the oxidation stability of biodiesel by inhibiting the propagation of free radicals resulting in prolonged shelf life. Usage of natural antioxidants from renewable resources is preferred to sustain a green economy and potentially match synthetic antioxidants without being hazardous to the environment. In this study, the potential of antioxidants from crude extracts of Roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and cashew nut shells (Anacardium occidentale) which are agricultural residues that are commonly left unconsumed has been tested for biodiesel storage stability improvement. ABTS antioxidation test on both plant parts showed significant results for all samples regardless of their polarity while β-Carotene test favored polar samples. Positive correlation of DPPH test and total phenolic content (TPC) test confirmed the antioxidant activity of phenolic compoun...
{"title":"Potential antioxidants from crude extracts of roselle seeds and cashew nut shells for biodiesel storage stability improvement","authors":"M. Hasan, M. S. M. Adzib, Z. Ilham","doi":"10.1063/1.5118095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118095","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is a green alternative fuel that degrades under long-term storage. Antioxidants are utilized in maintaining the oxidation stability of biodiesel by inhibiting the propagation of free radicals resulting in prolonged shelf life. Usage of natural antioxidants from renewable resources is preferred to sustain a green economy and potentially match synthetic antioxidants without being hazardous to the environment. In this study, the potential of antioxidants from crude extracts of Roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and cashew nut shells (Anacardium occidentale) which are agricultural residues that are commonly left unconsumed has been tested for biodiesel storage stability improvement. ABTS antioxidation test on both plant parts showed significant results for all samples regardless of their polarity while β-Carotene test favored polar samples. Positive correlation of DPPH test and total phenolic content (TPC) test confirmed the antioxidant activity of phenolic compounds in all samples. Total flavonoid content (TFC) test also showed positive results for all samples. GC-MS and LC-MS profiling of both plant parts revealed that all samples contained phenolic compounds with the exception of roselle seeds extracted with hexane (RH), which contained mostly fatty acids. Oxidative stability test using Rancimat test showed that polar samples have superior performance than nonpolar samples whereas 3-pentadecyl phenol showed a poor performance in improving biodiesel storage stability.Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is a green alternative fuel that degrades under long-term storage. Antioxidants are utilized in maintaining the oxidation stability of biodiesel by inhibiting the propagation of free radicals resulting in prolonged shelf life. Usage of natural antioxidants from renewable resources is preferred to sustain a green economy and potentially match synthetic antioxidants without being hazardous to the environment. In this study, the potential of antioxidants from crude extracts of Roselle seeds (Hibiscus sabdariffa) and cashew nut shells (Anacardium occidentale) which are agricultural residues that are commonly left unconsumed has been tested for biodiesel storage stability improvement. ABTS antioxidation test on both plant parts showed significant results for all samples regardless of their polarity while β-Carotene test favored polar samples. Positive correlation of DPPH test and total phenolic content (TPC) test confirmed the antioxidant activity of phenolic compoun...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130340733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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