This project is to develop a new source of renewable energy with low-cost budget with the help of Arduino Uno as the microcontroller. The footstep power generation system is to capture the typicall...
{"title":"Footstep power generation using Arduino Uno","authors":"Tengku Azita Tengku Aziz, M. Subri","doi":"10.1063/1.5118105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118105","url":null,"abstract":"This project is to develop a new source of renewable energy with low-cost budget with the help of Arduino Uno as the microcontroller. The footstep power generation system is to capture the typicall...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125747975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ahmad, M. S. Wahab, A. S. Shah, K. Kamarudin, H. Hehsan
Plastic injection moulding process is a popular method to manufacture plastic components. In order to produce good quality moulded parts, processing parameters are important criteria to consider by moulders. In this study, optimization by Taguchi method was used to optimise moulding processing parameters towards shrinkage of a Polypropylene (PP) moulded part. The experimental works were performed according to matrix design of L9 (34) orthogonal array (OA), followed by signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) study. The shrinkage was calculated by measuring the dimension diameter of moulded part using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Based on the signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis, the optimised processing parameters for outer diameter shrinkage were mould temperature at 45°C, melt temperature at 250°C, injection time at 0.72 s and injection pressure at 22 MPa. Referring to ANOVA result, the mould temperature was most significant factor with 37.58% contribution towards the shrinkage. Finally, the obtained shrinkage was 1.55% for the confirmation test using the optimised processing parameters.Plastic injection moulding process is a popular method to manufacture plastic components. In order to produce good quality moulded parts, processing parameters are important criteria to consider by moulders. In this study, optimization by Taguchi method was used to optimise moulding processing parameters towards shrinkage of a Polypropylene (PP) moulded part. The experimental works were performed according to matrix design of L9 (34) orthogonal array (OA), followed by signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) study. The shrinkage was calculated by measuring the dimension diameter of moulded part using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Based on the signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis, the optimised processing parameters for outer diameter shrinkage were mould temperature at 45°C, melt temperature at 250°C, injection time at 0.72 s and injection pressure at 22 MPa. Referring to ANOVA result, the mould temperature was most significant factor with 37.58% contribution towards the shrink...
{"title":"Optimization of processing parameters for plastic injection moulding process towards moulded part shrinkage","authors":"A. Ahmad, M. S. Wahab, A. S. Shah, K. Kamarudin, H. Hehsan","doi":"10.1063/1.5118176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118176","url":null,"abstract":"Plastic injection moulding process is a popular method to manufacture plastic components. In order to produce good quality moulded parts, processing parameters are important criteria to consider by moulders. In this study, optimization by Taguchi method was used to optimise moulding processing parameters towards shrinkage of a Polypropylene (PP) moulded part. The experimental works were performed according to matrix design of L9 (34) orthogonal array (OA), followed by signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) study. The shrinkage was calculated by measuring the dimension diameter of moulded part using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Based on the signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis, the optimised processing parameters for outer diameter shrinkage were mould temperature at 45°C, melt temperature at 250°C, injection time at 0.72 s and injection pressure at 22 MPa. Referring to ANOVA result, the mould temperature was most significant factor with 37.58% contribution towards the shrinkage. Finally, the obtained shrinkage was 1.55% for the confirmation test using the optimised processing parameters.Plastic injection moulding process is a popular method to manufacture plastic components. In order to produce good quality moulded parts, processing parameters are important criteria to consider by moulders. In this study, optimization by Taguchi method was used to optimise moulding processing parameters towards shrinkage of a Polypropylene (PP) moulded part. The experimental works were performed according to matrix design of L9 (34) orthogonal array (OA), followed by signal to noise (S/N) ratio and analysis of variance (ANOVA) study. The shrinkage was calculated by measuring the dimension diameter of moulded part using a coordinate measuring machine (CMM). Based on the signal to noise (S/N) ratio analysis, the optimised processing parameters for outer diameter shrinkage were mould temperature at 45°C, melt temperature at 250°C, injection time at 0.72 s and injection pressure at 22 MPa. Referring to ANOVA result, the mould temperature was most significant factor with 37.58% contribution towards the shrink...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130274084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hainol Akbar Zaman, S. Sharif, M. H. Idris, A. S. Mohruni, P. Ndaruhadi
Cobalt chrome molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy is among the biomedical materials which is considered difficult to cut materials due to their combination of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance, and poor thermal conductivity. In this study, high speed end milling (HSEM) was performed experimentally to access the machinability of CoCrMo alloy using solid coated and uncoated tools at different cutting speeds of 125, 140 and 155 m/min under the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) strategy. The axial and radial depth of cut were kept constant 4 mm and 1.5 mm respectively throughout the machining tests. The tool wear, tool life and tool wear mechanism were recorded and analyzed accordingly. It was observed that higher cutting speed significantly reduces the tool life due to rapid tool wear. Coated carbide tool performed better than uncoated carbide tool in terms of tool life for every cutting speed. It was also found that chipping, adhesion and cracks were the dominant wear mechanisms occurred on the cutting edge when high speed end milling of CoCrMo biomedical material.Cobalt chrome molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy is among the biomedical materials which is considered difficult to cut materials due to their combination of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance, and poor thermal conductivity. In this study, high speed end milling (HSEM) was performed experimentally to access the machinability of CoCrMo alloy using solid coated and uncoated tools at different cutting speeds of 125, 140 and 155 m/min under the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) strategy. The axial and radial depth of cut were kept constant 4 mm and 1.5 mm respectively throughout the machining tests. The tool wear, tool life and tool wear mechanism were recorded and analyzed accordingly. It was observed that higher cutting speed significantly reduces the tool life due to rapid tool wear. Coated carbide tool performed better than uncoated carbide tool in terms of tool life for every cutting speed. It was also found that chipping, adhesion and cracks were the dominant wear mechanisms occurred on the cutti...
{"title":"High speed end milling of cobalt chromium molybdenum alloy using solid carbide tool under MQL condition","authors":"Hainol Akbar Zaman, S. Sharif, M. H. Idris, A. S. Mohruni, P. Ndaruhadi","doi":"10.1063/1.5118186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118186","url":null,"abstract":"Cobalt chrome molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy is among the biomedical materials which is considered difficult to cut materials due to their combination of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance, and poor thermal conductivity. In this study, high speed end milling (HSEM) was performed experimentally to access the machinability of CoCrMo alloy using solid coated and uncoated tools at different cutting speeds of 125, 140 and 155 m/min under the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) strategy. The axial and radial depth of cut were kept constant 4 mm and 1.5 mm respectively throughout the machining tests. The tool wear, tool life and tool wear mechanism were recorded and analyzed accordingly. It was observed that higher cutting speed significantly reduces the tool life due to rapid tool wear. Coated carbide tool performed better than uncoated carbide tool in terms of tool life for every cutting speed. It was also found that chipping, adhesion and cracks were the dominant wear mechanisms occurred on the cutting edge when high speed end milling of CoCrMo biomedical material.Cobalt chrome molybdenum (CoCrMo) alloy is among the biomedical materials which is considered difficult to cut materials due to their combination of high strength, high toughness, high wear resistance, and poor thermal conductivity. In this study, high speed end milling (HSEM) was performed experimentally to access the machinability of CoCrMo alloy using solid coated and uncoated tools at different cutting speeds of 125, 140 and 155 m/min under the minimum quantity lubricant (MQL) strategy. The axial and radial depth of cut were kept constant 4 mm and 1.5 mm respectively throughout the machining tests. The tool wear, tool life and tool wear mechanism were recorded and analyzed accordingly. It was observed that higher cutting speed significantly reduces the tool life due to rapid tool wear. Coated carbide tool performed better than uncoated carbide tool in terms of tool life for every cutting speed. It was also found that chipping, adhesion and cracks were the dominant wear mechanisms occurred on the cutti...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133466349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. S. Azman, M. Z. Ramli, R. Razman, M. Zawawi, I. N. Ismail, M. Isa
{"title":"Relative importance index (RII) in ranking of quality factors on industrialised building system (IBS) projects in Malaysia","authors":"N. S. Azman, M. Z. Ramli, R. Razman, M. Zawawi, I. N. Ismail, M. Isa","doi":"10.1063/1.5118037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118037","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128302243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Tadza, D. Mohamad, S. Tripathy, R. A. Rahman, M. A. Ismail
Bentonite and marconite are commonly used as soil substitute and filler material for electrical grounding applications in trouble environments. Bentonite is a fine grained highly plastic clay derived from volcanic formation, whereas Marconite is an engineered material in the form of super conductive aggregate derived from coal power production. Both material are used to reduce the electrical resistance between the soil and earth-electrode rod. In this study, a sodium based bentonite, namely MX80 bentonite and Marconite aggregates were characterized and tested to perform as grounding material under varying water contents. After each test, the resistivity of each specimens were measured using a Nelsson 2-point resistivity meter. In addition, aluminum discs were inserted into the specimens to measure the effect of wetting and corrosion induced by both material. Test results indicated that the resistivity behavior of bentonite is greater than that of Marconite. On the contrary, the resistivity of Marconite is far lower than that of MX80 bentonite. The lowest resistivity achieved by Andrassy bentonite was found to be 2.4 Ωm under very wet conditions as compared to 0.44 Ωm in Marconite. Based on the tests results, the resistivity behavior of bentonite is governed by the water content. Water within the pores acts as particle bridging for electrical currents to pass through the bentonite. The resistivity values is lower under liquid state as compared to under plastic or solid state. On the hand, Marconite resistivity behavior remained somewhat unchanged under both dry and wet conditions indicating that interparticle contact is more dominant. Higher corrosion was observed on aluminum discs placed within bentonite specimens due to the availability of water.
{"title":"Bentonite and marconite for electrical grounding applications from geotechnical engineering perspective","authors":"M. Tadza, D. Mohamad, S. Tripathy, R. A. Rahman, M. A. Ismail","doi":"10.1063/1.5118086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118086","url":null,"abstract":"Bentonite and marconite are commonly used as soil substitute and filler material for electrical grounding applications in trouble environments. Bentonite is a fine grained highly plastic clay derived from volcanic formation, whereas Marconite is an engineered material in the form of super conductive aggregate derived from coal power production. Both material are used to reduce the electrical resistance between the soil and earth-electrode rod. In this study, a sodium based bentonite, namely MX80 bentonite and Marconite aggregates were characterized and tested to perform as grounding material under varying water contents. After each test, the resistivity of each specimens were measured using a Nelsson 2-point resistivity meter. In addition, aluminum discs were inserted into the specimens to measure the effect of wetting and corrosion induced by both material. Test results indicated that the resistivity behavior of bentonite is greater than that of Marconite. On the contrary, the resistivity of Marconite is far lower than that of MX80 bentonite. The lowest resistivity achieved by Andrassy bentonite was found to be 2.4 Ωm under very wet conditions as compared to 0.44 Ωm in Marconite. Based on the tests results, the resistivity behavior of bentonite is governed by the water content. Water within the pores acts as particle bridging for electrical currents to pass through the bentonite. The resistivity values is lower under liquid state as compared to under plastic or solid state. On the hand, Marconite resistivity behavior remained somewhat unchanged under both dry and wet conditions indicating that interparticle contact is more dominant. Higher corrosion was observed on aluminum discs placed within bentonite specimens due to the availability of water.","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115726122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Zain, N. Shuaib, M. Abdullah, S. Nasir, F. Tahir
Geopolymer was widely used for development purposes, but only a few were tested for machining purposes. Therefore, there are several attempts of using geopolymer as more eco-friendly material which can be a good replacement of the existing material. The main significance of this study is to observe the machinability rubberized fly ash geopolymer material lathe process. The parameter plays big role in machining of rubberized fly ash geopolymer to obtain the least tool wear, as it apply significant effect on the material. Besides, the success of this result is significant so it can replace the conventional materials used in common machining activities in industry.Geopolymer was widely used for development purposes, but only a few were tested for machining purposes. Therefore, there are several attempts of using geopolymer as more eco-friendly material which can be a good replacement of the existing material. The main significance of this study is to observe the machinability rubberized fly ash geopolymer material lathe process. The parameter plays big role in machining of rubberized fly ash geopolymer to obtain the least tool wear, as it apply significant effect on the material. Besides, the success of this result is significant so it can replace the conventional materials used in common machining activities in industry.
{"title":"A review on tool wear optimization of rubberized fly ash geopolymer material","authors":"N. Zain, N. Shuaib, M. Abdullah, S. Nasir, F. Tahir","doi":"10.1063/1.5118200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118200","url":null,"abstract":"Geopolymer was widely used for development purposes, but only a few were tested for machining purposes. Therefore, there are several attempts of using geopolymer as more eco-friendly material which can be a good replacement of the existing material. The main significance of this study is to observe the machinability rubberized fly ash geopolymer material lathe process. The parameter plays big role in machining of rubberized fly ash geopolymer to obtain the least tool wear, as it apply significant effect on the material. Besides, the success of this result is significant so it can replace the conventional materials used in common machining activities in industry.Geopolymer was widely used for development purposes, but only a few were tested for machining purposes. Therefore, there are several attempts of using geopolymer as more eco-friendly material which can be a good replacement of the existing material. The main significance of this study is to observe the machinability rubberized fly ash geopolymer material lathe process. The parameter plays big role in machining of rubberized fly ash geopolymer to obtain the least tool wear, as it apply significant effect on the material. Besides, the success of this result is significant so it can replace the conventional materials used in common machining activities in industry.","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"421 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116046227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. N. Ismail, Foo Fang Khean, M. Zawawi, N. Zahari, S. Z. Abidin, W. N. Yusairah, A. Zuhdi, M. R. Eqwan, H. Mohamed, M. Z. Ramli, M. Mansor, Fevi Syaifoelida, A. A. Zakaria, M. Isa, D. Mohamad, M. Jaafar, N. A. Rahmat, M. S. A. Rahman
{"title":"Analysis on structure reliability of solar powered water treatment device (SWAD) prototype","authors":"I. N. Ismail, Foo Fang Khean, M. Zawawi, N. Zahari, S. Z. Abidin, W. N. Yusairah, A. Zuhdi, M. R. Eqwan, H. Mohamed, M. Z. Ramli, M. Mansor, Fevi Syaifoelida, A. A. Zakaria, M. Isa, D. Mohamad, M. Jaafar, N. A. Rahmat, M. S. A. Rahman","doi":"10.1063/1.5118026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129116603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. M. Hussin, M. Amit, L. Tiron, M. Razak, S. Mohammad
This paper presents a portable Registered Jack 45 (RJ45) tester system using a smartphone. The design tester is portable and can be used to test the RJ45 cable. This system can be used to help the network engineer or technician to carry out cable installation and troubleshoot in the telecommunication room. It is used to identify the faulty cables before or after the network installations and also used for installation troubleshooting. Also, it is applicable to avoid any mistakes while connecting the RJ45 to the network cable since all RJ45 units are identical. Basically, this system is comprised of three particular units which are the smartphone, Arduino microcontroller and Android studio software. The Android studio used in this system acts as the main programme while the Arduino acts as the subordinate programme. An Android application is installed in the smartphone to send the message to Arduino to check and test the connectivity of the cable which uses the RJ45. Then, the data is sent back to the main software to determine the cable types of RJ45. The prototype tester has been tested in multiple testing setting and are shown to be able to successfully recognise the cable types.
{"title":"Automated portable RJ45 tester system","authors":"Z. M. Hussin, M. Amit, L. Tiron, M. Razak, S. Mohammad","doi":"10.1063/1.5118115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118115","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a portable Registered Jack 45 (RJ45) tester system using a smartphone. The design tester is portable and can be used to test the RJ45 cable. This system can be used to help the network engineer or technician to carry out cable installation and troubleshoot in the telecommunication room. It is used to identify the faulty cables before or after the network installations and also used for installation troubleshooting. Also, it is applicable to avoid any mistakes while connecting the RJ45 to the network cable since all RJ45 units are identical. Basically, this system is comprised of three particular units which are the smartphone, Arduino microcontroller and Android studio software. The Android studio used in this system acts as the main programme while the Arduino acts as the subordinate programme. An Android application is installed in the smartphone to send the message to Arduino to check and test the connectivity of the cable which uses the RJ45. Then, the data is sent back to the main software to determine the cable types of RJ45. The prototype tester has been tested in multiple testing setting and are shown to be able to successfully recognise the cable types.","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130366223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Radzi, M. N. Nashrudin, M. Zawawi, A. Abas, A. Azman, A. Hassani
{"title":"Effect of free surface water level of Kenyir Dam on spillway structure using fluid-structure interaction (FSI) analysis","authors":"M. Radzi, M. N. Nashrudin, M. Zawawi, A. Abas, A. Azman, A. Hassani","doi":"10.1063/1.5118051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118051","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132316192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Time based control loop in digital algorithm could be accomplished through built-in circuits such as watchdog timer or external device that known as Real Time Clock (RTC). Another option which is simple, fast and easily implemented is by using free run internal coding interval. The accuracy is not as good as compared to RTC but it simplifies a lot of work especially setting up time during interfacing hardware between microcontroller and RTC. Those who experience with the intermittent work with RTC, escaping the choice with something else is always triggered in mind. RTC is good but the process of activating the device must be properly done through hardware and software. Hence this problem initiates a very simple technique that could be used to replace RTC by using free run internal coding. Microcontrollers need 4 clock cycles to execute one line of assembly code. In a simple free control loop for instance 100 assembly codes, it will consume 5 us to complete the execution in 8 MHz oscillator. As long as the time taken to complete a loop is less than a second, the free run loop coding is executed to function as pendulum in mechanical clock. The result from this work shows very marginable run time error and the most important issue is simplicity of constructing the time base circuit gives a very good option.Time based control loop in digital algorithm could be accomplished through built-in circuits such as watchdog timer or external device that known as Real Time Clock (RTC). Another option which is simple, fast and easily implemented is by using free run internal coding interval. The accuracy is not as good as compared to RTC but it simplifies a lot of work especially setting up time during interfacing hardware between microcontroller and RTC. Those who experience with the intermittent work with RTC, escaping the choice with something else is always triggered in mind. RTC is good but the process of activating the device must be properly done through hardware and software. Hence this problem initiates a very simple technique that could be used to replace RTC by using free run internal coding. Microcontrollers need 4 clock cycles to execute one line of assembly code. In a simple free control loop for instance 100 assembly codes, it will consume 5 us to complete the execution in 8 MHz oscillator. As long as th...
{"title":"Free running loop pendulum for time clock algorithm","authors":"M. A. Abas, Ridwan, Salman","doi":"10.1063/1.5118146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5118146","url":null,"abstract":"Time based control loop in digital algorithm could be accomplished through built-in circuits such as watchdog timer or external device that known as Real Time Clock (RTC). Another option which is simple, fast and easily implemented is by using free run internal coding interval. The accuracy is not as good as compared to RTC but it simplifies a lot of work especially setting up time during interfacing hardware between microcontroller and RTC. Those who experience with the intermittent work with RTC, escaping the choice with something else is always triggered in mind. RTC is good but the process of activating the device must be properly done through hardware and software. Hence this problem initiates a very simple technique that could be used to replace RTC by using free run internal coding. Microcontrollers need 4 clock cycles to execute one line of assembly code. In a simple free control loop for instance 100 assembly codes, it will consume 5 us to complete the execution in 8 MHz oscillator. As long as the time taken to complete a loop is less than a second, the free run loop coding is executed to function as pendulum in mechanical clock. The result from this work shows very marginable run time error and the most important issue is simplicity of constructing the time base circuit gives a very good option.Time based control loop in digital algorithm could be accomplished through built-in circuits such as watchdog timer or external device that known as Real Time Clock (RTC). Another option which is simple, fast and easily implemented is by using free run internal coding interval. The accuracy is not as good as compared to RTC but it simplifies a lot of work especially setting up time during interfacing hardware between microcontroller and RTC. Those who experience with the intermittent work with RTC, escaping the choice with something else is always triggered in mind. RTC is good but the process of activating the device must be properly done through hardware and software. Hence this problem initiates a very simple technique that could be used to replace RTC by using free run internal coding. Microcontrollers need 4 clock cycles to execute one line of assembly code. In a simple free control loop for instance 100 assembly codes, it will consume 5 us to complete the execution in 8 MHz oscillator. As long as th...","PeriodicalId":112912,"journal":{"name":"APPLIED PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER (APCOM 2019)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128787979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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