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Tradycja i nowoczesność. Z zagadnień języka i literatury Słowian Wschodnich 2最新文献

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Характерные языковые и понятийные черты восточнославянской общности 东欧斯拉夫社区的特征和理解特征
А. П. Шапошников
As a result of the carried-out stratigraphy of areal archaisms and innovations the author came to the conclusion that Krivitji (then the East Slavic) areal was superpositioned on a predominantly Venetic substratum in the banks of the Western Bug, Dvina, Pripyat and Dnieper, some few relics of which are hardly noticeable. The Repertoire of the East-Slavic innovations clearly breaks up into the ancient Krivitji (East Slavic) innovations of VII–VIII centuries. The analysis and stratigraphy of characteristic archaisms and innovations of the East Slavic areal makes it clear that in its repertoire of linguistic archaisms and traditional pantheon the East Slavic dialectal areal and Krivitji dialect in particular clearly originate from Anto-Slavic dialectal group of Late Common Slavonic of the VI century AD. Krivitji originate from Slavic union of tribes of the East-Carpathian areas. On the surface of the western sector of the Eastern Slavic areal some innovations of superstrate nature of Polish origin are visible. They appeared in a period of active hybridization of Old Russian and Old Polish languages, creolization of Polish (in eastern voivodships) in the region of XVI–XVIII centuries.
根据对地区古物和创新进行的地层学研究,作者得出结论,克里维吉(当时的东斯拉夫)地区位于西布格河、德维纳河、普里皮亚季河和第聂伯河沿岸的一个以威尼斯为主的基底上,其中一些遗迹几乎不引人注目。《东斯拉夫创新汇辑》清楚地分成了7 - 8世纪的古克里维吉(东斯拉夫)创新。对东斯拉夫地区特色古语和创新的分析和地层学清楚地表明,在其语言古语和传统万神的保留中,东斯拉夫方言地区和克里维吉方言尤其明显地起源于公元六世纪晚期共同斯拉夫语的安斯拉夫方言群。Krivitji起源于东喀尔巴阡地区的斯拉夫部落联盟。在东斯拉夫地区的西段表面上可以看到一些波兰起源的上层性质的创新。他们出现在十六至十八世纪古俄语和古波兰语活跃杂交的时期,波兰语(在东部省份)的克里奥尔化时期。
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引用次数: 0
Языковое представление об эмоциях в русской фольклорной картине мира 俄罗斯民间绘画中情感的语言表达
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.24917/9788380845282.12
Светлана Владимировна Коростова
The specifics of verbalizing emotions lie in their own semantic sphere. The folklore genres represented in the article, such as Russian lyrical songs, proverbs and sayings, determine the specifics of how the means of expressing emotions function, as well as the ways of their nomination.
语言表达情感的特点在于其自身的语义范围。文章中所代表的民俗类型,如俄罗斯抒情歌曲、谚语和谚语,决定了情感表达方式的具体功能,以及它们的提名方式。
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引用次数: 0
Kryzys męskości? Kilka uwag na marginesie filmu Aleksandra Sokurowa
Beata Pawletko
The article focuses on selected aspects of the film by Alexander Sokurov Alexandra. The inspiration for the author was the film director’s statements regarding the crisis of masculinity in contemporary Russia, seen through the prism of the Russian-Chechen conflict. And although Alexandra brings with it a universal message regarding the absurdity of each war, Sokurov speaks in a special way about the meltdown of the male character in Russia, evoked in his opinion, emotional and intellectual laziness that negatively impacts family and interpersonal relationships and atrophy of feelings.
本文的重点是亚历山大·索库罗夫·亚历山德拉电影的选定方面。作者的灵感来自这位电影导演关于当代俄罗斯男子气概危机的言论,这是通过俄罗斯与车臣冲突的棱镜看到的。虽然《亚历山德拉》传达了关于每场战争荒谬的普遍信息,但索库罗夫以一种特殊的方式讲述了俄罗斯男性角色的崩溃,在他看来,情感和智力上的懒惰对家庭和人际关系产生了负面影响,并导致了感情的萎缩。
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引用次数: 0
Jak się ma младенец do młodzieńca, czyli o polsko-rosyjskich aproksymatach
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.24917/9788380845282.10
Ewa B. Komorowska
The paper deals with the phenomenon of approximate, taking into consideration Polish and Russian. Approximate is understood as sound similarity of words which have different meanings. The research material consists of approximate nouns excerpted from two dictionaries: Rosyjsko-polski słownik paraleli leksykalnych [The Russian-Polish dictionary of lexical parallels] by W. Dubiczyński (in preparation) and Rosyjsko-polski słownik homonimów międzyjęzykowych [The Russian-Polish dictionary of interlingual homonyms] by K. Kusal. Approximate may be divided into two basic groups: complete approximate, which have identical graphic notation and sound almost identical, but differ in meaning, and incomplete approximate, which have different degrees of graphic similarity and sound similar, but differ in meaning. Complete approximate are, for example, УРÓК ‘lesson’ – UROK ‘spell, charm, grace’, and incomplete homonyms include, for example, ДИВÁН ‘sofa’ – DYWAN ‘carpet’. Approximate are subjected to lexical-semantic analysis. The method of profiling meanings is used as well. It is possible to distinguish the following types of homonyms: homonyms of antonymic meanings (e.g. ЗАПОМИНAНИЕ ‘memorizing’ – ZAPOMINANIE ‘forgetting’), homonyms with different scopes of meaning (e.g. НЕДÉЛЯ ‘week’, broader meaning – NIEDZIELA ‘Sunday’, one day of the week, narrower meaning) and homonyms having different connotations (e.g. ЛЕНЬ ‘lazy person’ – LEŃ ‘state of being lazy’).
本文以波兰语和俄语为例,讨论了近似现象。近似被理解为具有不同含义的单词的发音相似度。研究材料包括从两本词典中摘录的近似名词:W. Dubiczyński(正在准备中)编写的Rosyjsko-polski słownik(平行)leksykalnych[俄罗斯-波兰词汇平行词典]和K. Kusal编写的Rosyjsko-polski słownik homonimów międzyjęzykowych[俄罗斯-波兰语语间同音异义词词典]。近似可分为两大类:完全近似,即图形符号相同,声音几乎相同,但意义不同;不完全近似,即图形相似程度不同,声音相似,但意义不同。完全的近似是,例如УРÓК ' lesson ' - ukrok ' ' spell, charm, grace ',不完全的同音异义词包括,例如ДИВÁН ' sofa ' - DYWAN ' carpet '。近似值需要进行词汇语义分析。此外,还使用了分析含义的方法。有可能区分以下类型的同音异义词:反义词意义的同音异义词(例如ЗАПОМИНAНИЕ“记忆”- ZAPOMINANIE“遗忘”),具有不同意义范围的同音异义词(例如НЕДÉЛЯ“周”,更广泛的意义- NIEDZIELA“星期天”,一周中的一天,更狭窄的意义)和具有不同内涵的同音异义词(例如ЛЕНЬ“懒惰的人”- LEŃ“懒惰的状态”)。
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引用次数: 0
Semantyczno-gramatyczne spojrzenie na Katedrę Najświętszej Marii Panny w Strasburgu (na materiale powieści Dmitrija Głuchowskiego Будущее i jej polskiego przekładu)
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.24917/9788380845282.16
Joanna Darda-Gramatyka
The article describes an approach to translation viewed through the prism of functional-communicative grammar concept according to the Galina Zolotova school. The content includes an analysis regarding the most important categories of the theory, which enabled presenting a broad perspective of their realization in the novel Будущее by Dmitrij Głuchowski as well as in its Polish translation. Conducting the study allowed for noticing many nuances within semantic and grammar word constructions in the original and to demonstrate methods of translation applied in the target language. Moreover, these considerations led to the conclusion that the text is a highly complex structure and only a deeper analysis permits to detect connections between means used by the author for ‘painting a picture of the cathedral’, their semantics, morphology and the purpose of usage.
本文从左洛托娃学派的功能交际语法观出发,阐述了一种翻译研究方法。内容包括对理论中最重要的类别的分析,这使得他们在小说Будущее中呈现一个广阔的视角,由德米特里Głuchowski及其波兰语翻译。通过研究,我们可以注意到原文中语义和语法词结构的细微差别,并展示在译入语中应用的翻译方法。此外,这些考虑得出的结论是,文本是一个高度复杂的结构,只有更深入的分析才能发现作者用于“描绘大教堂”的手段之间的联系,它们的语义,形态和使用目的。
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引用次数: 0
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Tradycja i nowoczesność. Z zagadnień języka i literatury Słowian Wschodnich 2
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