{"title":"Waste Treatment and Recycling Technologies Based on High Temperature Metallurgy","authors":"Takaiku Yamamoto, Hirotaka Sato, Yoshinori Matsukura, Masatsugu Nakamoto","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.35.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.35.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Evaluation of Metal Sprayed Coatings by SAICAS Method : Surface and Interfacial Cutting Analysis Method","authors":"I. Nishiyama","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.277","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"171 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133627929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ceramics-based thermal barrier coatings are used as heat and wear shields of gas turbines. There are strong needs to evaluate thermophysical properties of coating, such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of them. Since the coatings are attached on substrates, it is no easy to measure these properties separately. The laser flash method is one of the most popular thermal diffusivity measurement methods above room temperature for solid materials. The surface of the plate shape specimen is heated by the pulsed laser-beam, then the time variation of the temperature of the rear surface is observed by the infrared radiometer. The laser flash method is non-contact and short time measurement. In general, the thermal diffusivity of solids that are dense, homogeneous and stable, are measured by this method. It is easy to measure thermal diffusivity of a specimen which shows heat diffusion time about 1 ms to 1 s consistent with the specimen thickness of about 1 mm to 5 mm. On the other hand, this method can be applied to measure the specific heat capacity of the solids. And it is also used to estimate the thermal diffusivity of an unknown layer in the layered materials. In order to evaluate the thermal diffusivity of the coating attached on substrate, we have developed a measurement procedure using the laser flash method. The multi-layer model based on the response function method was applied to calculate the thermal diffusivity of the coating attached on substrate from the temperature history curve observed for the two-layer sample. We have verified applicability of the laser flash measurement with the multi-layer model using the measured results and the simulation. It was found that the laser flash measurement for the layered sample using the multi-layer model was effective to estimate the thermal diffusivity of an unknown layer in the sample. We have also developed the two-layer ceramics samples as the reference materials for this procedure.
基于陶瓷的热障涂层用于燃气轮机的隔热和耐磨屏蔽。对涂层的热物理性能，如导热性、热扩散率和热容等进行评价是非常必要的。由于涂层附着在基材上，因此不容易单独测量这些性能。激光闪蒸法是固体材料室温以上热扩散率测量中最常用的方法之一。用脉冲激光束加热板形试样表面，然后用红外辐射计观察后表面温度随时间的变化。激光闪光法是一种非接触、短时间测量方法。一般来说，用这种方法测量致密、均匀和稳定的固体的热扩散率。试样的热扩散率很容易测量，热扩散时间约为1 ms ~ 1 s，与试样厚度约为1 mm ~ 5 mm一致。另一方面，该方法可用于测量固体的比热容。它也被用来估计层状材料中未知层的热扩散系数。为了评估附着在基材上的涂层的热扩散率，我们开发了一种使用激光闪光法的测量程序。采用基于响应函数法的多层模型，根据观察到的两层样品的温度历史曲线，计算了涂层附着在基体上的热扩散系数。通过测量结果和仿真，验证了多层模型激光闪光测量的适用性。结果表明，利用多层模型对分层样品进行激光测量可以有效地估计样品中未知层的热扩散系数。我们还开发了两层陶瓷样品作为该方法的参考材料。
{"title":"The Thermal Diffusivity Measurement of the Two-layer Ceramics Using the Laser Flash Methodn","authors":"M. Akoshima, Mitsue Ogawa, T. Baba, M. Mizuno","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.227","url":null,"abstract":"Ceramics-based thermal barrier coatings are used as heat and wear shields of gas turbines. There are strong needs to evaluate thermophysical properties of coating, such as thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity and heat capacity of them. Since the coatings are attached on substrates, it is no easy to measure these properties separately. The laser flash method is one of the most popular thermal diffusivity measurement methods above room temperature for solid materials. The surface of the plate shape specimen is heated by the pulsed laser-beam, then the time variation of the temperature of the rear surface is observed by the infrared radiometer. The laser flash method is non-contact and short time measurement. In general, the thermal diffusivity of solids that are dense, homogeneous and stable, are measured by this method. It is easy to measure thermal diffusivity of a specimen which shows heat diffusion time about 1 ms to 1 s consistent with the specimen thickness of about 1 mm to 5 mm. On the other hand, this method can be applied to measure the specific heat capacity of the solids. And it is also used to estimate the thermal diffusivity of an unknown layer in the layered materials. In order to evaluate the thermal diffusivity of the coating attached on substrate, we have developed a measurement procedure using the laser flash method. The multi-layer model based on the response function method was applied to calculate the thermal diffusivity of the coating attached on substrate from the temperature history curve observed for the two-layer sample. We have verified applicability of the laser flash measurement with the multi-layer model using the measured results and the simulation. It was found that the laser flash measurement for the layered sample using the multi-layer model was effective to estimate the thermal diffusivity of an unknown layer in the sample. We have also developed the two-layer ceramics samples as the reference materials for this procedure.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124557799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Mizuno, A. Morita, T. Ida, Kunihiko Namba, M. Fuchihata, T. Sawai
Effective utilization of biomass resource rapidly has been promoting since the government adopted the ‘Biomass Nippon’ strategy at a cabinet meeting in 2002. Especially, the energy conversion technology of applying biomass has been expected from a point of view of environment and resource conservation. However, the energy conversion technologies are developed only for woody and herby biomass, and not for all of biomass. A stable supply of large quantity of biomass will be pressed in the future because the conversion technology must expand to use a variety of biomass. This study is to consider ways by various quantitative correlation analyses between the atomic composition and thermal decomposition of various biomass samples. The results found that thermal decomposition analyses of various biomass resources have correlations between atomic composition properties and exothermic properties.
{"title":"A Property Extracted by Composition / Thermal Decomposition Analyses of Various Biomass Resources and Its Correlation","authors":"S. Mizuno, A. Morita, T. Ida, Kunihiko Namba, M. Fuchihata, T. Sawai","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.153","url":null,"abstract":"Effective utilization of biomass resource rapidly has been promoting since the government adopted the ‘Biomass Nippon’ strategy at a cabinet meeting in 2002. Especially, the energy conversion technology of applying biomass has been expected from a point of view of environment and resource conservation. However, the energy conversion technologies are developed only for woody and herby biomass, and not for all of biomass. A stable supply of large quantity of biomass will be pressed in the future because the conversion technology must expand to use a variety of biomass. This study is to consider ways by various quantitative correlation analyses between the atomic composition and thermal decomposition of various biomass samples. The results found that thermal decomposition analyses of various biomass resources have correlations between atomic composition properties and exothermic properties.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124153540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"高温域における高純度水素分離に適したプロトン導電体SrZr1-xYxO3-αの作製","authors":"宏和 小西, 広行 西村, 建夫 碓井, 片山 巖","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.123","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"42 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129651019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of Gas Utilization Ratio in the Gaseous Reduction of Iron Oxide and Suppression of Dioxins Formation in Combustion Processes by the Enhancement of Carbon Deposition","authors":"H. Ono-Nakazato, T. Koyama, T. Usui","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129286345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the energy conversion, biomass has novel advantage, i.e., no CO2 emission, because of carbon neutral. Charcoal composite iron oxide pellets were proposed to decrease CO2 emission for the ironmaking. These pellets were promising to decrease the initial temperature for reduction reaction of carbon composite iron ore agglomerate under a rising temperature condition, such as in a blast furnace shaft. In order to obtain charcoal, Japanese cedar and cypress were carbonized from room temperature to maximum carbonization temperature (TC, max = 1273 K) at a heating rate of 200 K/h, and kept at TC, max until arrival time of 6 h. Reducing gases of CO and CH4 started releasing from relatively low temperature (500 K). In the total gas volume of carbonization, H2 gas of Japanese cedar was more than that of Japanese cypress. These woods have more CO gas volume than Newcastle blend coal has. The obtained charcoal was mixed with reagent grade hematite in the mass ratio of one to four. Then, a small amount of Bentonite was added to the mixture as a binder, and the charcoal composite iron oxide pellets were prepared and reduced at 1273, 1373 and 1473 K in nitrogen gas atmosphere. It was confirmed by the generated gas analysis during reduction reaction that charcoal composite iron oxide pellets had higher reducibility than char composite pellets using Newcastle blend coal. From the XRD analysis of the reduced pellets, it was found that the original Fe2O3 was almost reduced to Fe for 60 min at 1273 K, 20 min at 1373 K and 5~ 15 min at 1473 K.
{"title":"The Preparation and Reduction Behavior of Charcoal Composite Iron Oxide Pellets","authors":"H. Konishi, T. Usui, T. Harada","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.14","url":null,"abstract":"In the energy conversion, biomass has novel advantage, i.e., no CO2 emission, because of carbon neutral. Charcoal composite iron oxide pellets were proposed to decrease CO2 emission for the ironmaking. These pellets were promising to decrease the initial temperature for reduction reaction of carbon composite iron ore agglomerate under a rising temperature condition, such as in a blast furnace shaft. In order to obtain charcoal, Japanese cedar and cypress were carbonized from room temperature to maximum carbonization temperature (TC, max = 1273 K) at a heating rate of 200 K/h, and kept at TC, max until arrival time of 6 h. Reducing gases of CO and CH4 started releasing from relatively low temperature (500 K). In the total gas volume of carbonization, H2 gas of Japanese cedar was more than that of Japanese cypress. These woods have more CO gas volume than Newcastle blend coal has. The obtained charcoal was mixed with reagent grade hematite in the mass ratio of one to four. Then, a small amount of Bentonite was added to the mixture as a binder, and the charcoal composite iron oxide pellets were prepared and reduced at 1273, 1373 and 1473 K in nitrogen gas atmosphere. It was confirmed by the generated gas analysis during reduction reaction that charcoal composite iron oxide pellets had higher reducibility than char composite pellets using Newcastle blend coal. From the XRD analysis of the reduced pellets, it was found that the original Fe2O3 was almost reduced to Fe for 60 min at 1273 K, 20 min at 1373 K and 5~ 15 min at 1473 K.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132517302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Technologies on Suppression of Dioxins Formation","authors":"H. Kawabata, T. Usui","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.34.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.34.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114884594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
FeTiO3 with band gap of 2.85 eV was added into TiO2 powder to improve the visible light responsivity of TiO2 in this study. The compositions and photocatalytic activity of plasma sprayed TiO2, TiO2-30%FeTiO3, TiO2-50%FeTiO3 and FeTiO3 coatings were investigated. The influence of FeTiO3 compound on the charge carrier separation and recombination in the TiO2-FeTiO3 coating was discussed. The FeTiO3 coating plasma sprayed under the arc current of 400 A consisted of rutile TiO2, FeTiO3, Fe2TiO5, and thermally metastable Fe2Ti3O9 and γ-Fe2O3. TiO2-30%FeTiO3 coating sprayed under the arc current of 400 A, which contained anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and FeTiO3, had good photocatalytic activity. The relative deposition rate of TiO2-30%FeTiO3 powder under the arc current of 400 A was approximate to 4 μm/pass. For the low band gap of pure FeTiO3 compound, the existence of FeTiO3 could improve the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO2 when FeTiO3 contacts coherently with it, which was explained using a proposed two-steps electron transfer model.
{"title":"Structures and Photocatalytic Performance of TiO2-FeTiO3 Coatings Prepared by Plasma Spraying Technique","authors":"F. Ye, A. Ohmori, K. Nakata, T. Tsumura","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.33.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.33.300","url":null,"abstract":"FeTiO3 with band gap of 2.85 eV was added into TiO2 powder to improve the visible light responsivity of TiO2 in this study. The compositions and photocatalytic activity of plasma sprayed TiO2, TiO2-30%FeTiO3, TiO2-50%FeTiO3 and FeTiO3 coatings were investigated. The influence of FeTiO3 compound on the charge carrier separation and recombination in the TiO2-FeTiO3 coating was discussed. The FeTiO3 coating plasma sprayed under the arc current of 400 A consisted of rutile TiO2, FeTiO3, Fe2TiO5, and thermally metastable Fe2Ti3O9 and γ-Fe2O3. TiO2-30%FeTiO3 coating sprayed under the arc current of 400 A, which contained anatase TiO2, rutile TiO2 and FeTiO3, had good photocatalytic activity. The relative deposition rate of TiO2-30%FeTiO3 powder under the arc current of 400 A was approximate to 4 μm/pass. For the low band gap of pure FeTiO3 compound, the existence of FeTiO3 could improve the photocatalytic activity of anatase TiO2 when FeTiO3 contacts coherently with it, which was explained using a proposed two-steps electron transfer model.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126238624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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