{"title":"Influence of the Interface on Properties of Thermoelectric Materials","authors":"S. Katsuyama, Toshihiro Tanaka","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.37.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.37.5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116316625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Technology of periodic microstructures formation on plastic plate, the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plate, was developed with an aerosol beam. The beam was composed of submicron-size anatase titania (TiO 2 ) particles. Formation mechanism depended on an incident angle of the beam to the PET plate. At an incident angles in the range of 0 to 30˚, a TiO 2 films were fabricated on the PET plate. Deposition rate of the film decreased as incident angle increased in the range of 0 to 30˚. The film was not produced at 40˚. At 50 and 60˚, the PET plate was etched by the beam irradiation. In the etching area, periodic microstructures were self-organized, whose grooves’ direction was perpendicular to the beam incidence direction.
{"title":"Periodic Microstructures Formation on Plastic Plate by Aerosol Beam Irradiation","authors":"M. Tsukamoto, N. Abe, J. Morimoto, J. Akedo","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.300","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.300","url":null,"abstract":"Technology of periodic microstructures formation on plastic plate, the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) plate, was developed with an aerosol beam. The beam was composed of submicron-size anatase titania (TiO 2 ) particles. Formation mechanism depended on an incident angle of the beam to the PET plate. At an incident angles in the range of 0 to 30˚, a TiO 2 films were fabricated on the PET plate. Deposition rate of the film decreased as incident angle increased in the range of 0 to 30˚. The film was not produced at 40˚. At 50 and 60˚, the PET plate was etched by the beam irradiation. In the etching area, periodic microstructures were self-organized, whose grooves’ direction was perpendicular to the beam incidence direction.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129690230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Takeuchi, R. Yamasaki, K. Tani, Yasuo Takahashi
The purpose of this study is to improve ceramic coatings having a high stable electrostatic adsorption force. The use of the coating is for the Johnsen-Rahbek force type electrostatic chucks used to fix silicon wafers inside vacuum chambers for processes such as Etch, CVD and PVD for semiconductor manufacturers. Previously the authors developed a dielectric substance ceramic coating for electrostatic chucks using Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS). This ceramic coating was not suitable because of its unstable electrostatic adsorption force. In a subsequent study, Vacuum Plasma Sprayed (VPS) Al2O3-7.5mass%TiO2 coating was investigated. As a result, it was found that the VPS coating has stable electrical resistivity and adsorption force. The dielectric constant of VPS Al2O3-TiO2 coating was sufficient for application to electrostatic chuck. On the other hand, it was suggested from results with respect to residual adsorption force and duration time after power off that the residual adsorption characteristic was not adequate.
{"title":"Improvement of Ceramic Coatings for Electrostatic Adsorption Force Using Vacuum Plasma Spraying","authors":"J. Takeuchi, R. Yamasaki, K. Tani, Yasuo Takahashi","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.288","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to improve ceramic coatings having a high stable electrostatic adsorption force. The use of the coating is for the Johnsen-Rahbek force type electrostatic chucks used to fix silicon wafers inside vacuum chambers for processes such as Etch, CVD and PVD for semiconductor manufacturers. Previously the authors developed a dielectric substance ceramic coating for electrostatic chucks using Atmospheric Plasma Spraying (APS). This ceramic coating was not suitable because of its unstable electrostatic adsorption force. In a subsequent study, Vacuum Plasma Sprayed (VPS) Al2O3-7.5mass%TiO2 coating was investigated. As a result, it was found that the VPS coating has stable electrical resistivity and adsorption force. The dielectric constant of VPS Al2O3-TiO2 coating was sufficient for application to electrostatic chuck. On the other hand, it was suggested from results with respect to residual adsorption force and duration time after power off that the residual adsorption characteristic was not adequate.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115733858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"パルス通電圧接法(PCHP)による金属/金属間化合物積層材料の創製","authors":"潔 水内, 正美 杉岡, 基博 田中","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.73","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124182234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"準結晶を含む急冷凝固Al-Cr-Si粉末のパルス通電焼結","authors":"公洋 尾崎, 慶三 小林","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.85","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127081677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effect of phase formation from unstable to stable phase on densification process of pressure sintering was studied using mechanically alloyed powders. Powder mixture of Ti and Si having a composition of Ti-37.5mol%Si was milled for 360ks and 3600ks. The 3600ks milled powder showed homogeneous microstructure and amorphous-like XRD profile, although the 360ks milled showed (Ti+Si) lamellar microstructure. Milled powders were vacuum hot pressed at a heating rate of 20K/min up to 1273K with applying constant pressure from 10 to 200MPa, then kept for 10.8ks. It was observed that the density of the compact suddenly increased at the temperature range between 870K and 900K for 3600ks milled powder and about 820K and 910K for 360ks milled powder. This temperature showed good agreement with the exothermic reaction of DTA run, which corresponded to the phase formation from amorphous to Ti 5 Si 3 and from elemental phases to Ti-silicides. It was assumed that the reasons of this extraordinary densification behavior were temperature increase, volume change, rearrangement and acceleration of plastic deformation during phase formation. From experimental results to examine these factors, with the exception of plastic deformation, other factors did not show any effect in increasing density. It is concluded that the phase formation from unstable (amorphous) to stable (Ti 5 Si 3 ) phase accelerates plastic deformation of MA powder, and therefore it leads to increase the density. After the formation of stable phase, densification was stopped for a while then restarted at 1050K (3600ks milled powder) and (360ks milled powder). These temperatures seem to be a softening temperature of MA powders.
{"title":"Effect of Stable Phase Formation from Unstable Phase on Densification Acceleration of Amorphous Powder Produced by Mechanical Alloying","authors":"K. Isonishi","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.90","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of phase formation from unstable to stable phase on densification process of pressure sintering was studied using mechanically alloyed powders. Powder mixture of Ti and Si having a composition of Ti-37.5mol%Si was milled for 360ks and 3600ks. The 3600ks milled powder showed homogeneous microstructure and amorphous-like XRD profile, although the 360ks milled showed (Ti+Si) lamellar microstructure. Milled powders were vacuum hot pressed at a heating rate of 20K/min up to 1273K with applying constant pressure from 10 to 200MPa, then kept for 10.8ks. It was observed that the density of the compact suddenly increased at the temperature range between 870K and 900K for 3600ks milled powder and about 820K and 910K for 360ks milled powder. This temperature showed good agreement with the exothermic reaction of DTA run, which corresponded to the phase formation from amorphous to Ti 5 Si 3 and from elemental phases to Ti-silicides. It was assumed that the reasons of this extraordinary densification behavior were temperature increase, volume change, rearrangement and acceleration of plastic deformation during phase formation. From experimental results to examine these factors, with the exception of plastic deformation, other factors did not show any effect in increasing density. It is concluded that the phase formation from unstable (amorphous) to stable (Ti 5 Si 3 ) phase accelerates plastic deformation of MA powder, and therefore it leads to increase the density. After the formation of stable phase, densification was stopped for a while then restarted at 1050K (3600ks milled powder) and (360ks milled powder). These temperatures seem to be a softening temperature of MA powders.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"815 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115184205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Yamamoto, H. Muto, Y. Akimoto, Shoitsu Seo, S. Ikeno
Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel has been applied to the parts of boiler in thermal power plants due to its excellent properties at high temperatures. In recent years, this steel also has been applied to the parts of turbine in ultra super critical power plants. Our company has been manufactured forged products by using large ingots of Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel that exceeded 20t for ten years or more, and it has been recognized that internal defects were liable to occur in Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel ingot. Especially the generation of the casting defects becomes more serious problem with the size of ingot,therefore measures were taken to improve the quality of forgings about both of ingot making and forging procedure. As a result of investigation of the defects in large Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel ingots, we concluded that defects formed in forgings were caused by casting defects and eutectic Nb (C,N). And the defect was proved to be influenced considerably by solidification rate and the cooling rate by means of solidification analysis that was performed because complete sticking of defect surface was difficult and the improvement of the steel ingot was necessary. Afterwards, large ingots were produced based on the analysis and the effectiveness of the analysis was confirmed by UT and the investigation of the microstructure. As mentioned above, we were able to raise quality and the stability of the product by improving the quality of the steel ingots.
{"title":"Solidification Analysis of Mod. 9Cr-1Mo Steel","authors":"Y. Yamamoto, H. Muto, Y. Akimoto, Shoitsu Seo, S. Ikeno","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.116","url":null,"abstract":"Modified 9Cr-1Mo steel has been applied to the parts of boiler in thermal power plants due to its excellent properties at high temperatures. In recent years, this steel also has been applied to the parts of turbine in ultra super critical power plants. Our company has been manufactured forged products by using large ingots of Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel that exceeded 20t for ten years or more, and it has been recognized that internal defects were liable to occur in Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel ingot. Especially the generation of the casting defects becomes more serious problem with the size of ingot,therefore measures were taken to improve the quality of forgings about both of ingot making and forging procedure. As a result of investigation of the defects in large Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel ingots, we concluded that defects formed in forgings were caused by casting defects and eutectic Nb (C,N). And the defect was proved to be influenced considerably by solidification rate and the cooling rate by means of solidification analysis that was performed because complete sticking of defect surface was difficult and the improvement of the steel ingot was necessary. Afterwards, large ingots were produced based on the analysis and the effectiveness of the analysis was confirmed by UT and the investigation of the microstructure. As mentioned above, we were able to raise quality and the stability of the product by improving the quality of the steel ingots.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114920243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"セラミックス、サーメットの焼結・粒成長とシミュレーション研究","authors":"秀彰 松原","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.96","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.96","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127490291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sn-3.5Ag系とSn-5Sb系鉛フリーはんだ合金の高温クリープ挙動","authors":"昇平 日高, 裕彦 渡邉, 正行 吉葉","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.36.47","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.36.47","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128745248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Morimoto, T. Ozaki, Toshifumi Kobayasi, T. Kusuhara, N. Abe, M. Tsukamoto
Laser cladding is an economic process to produce protective layers against wear and corrosion on highly loaded components. Advantages of laser cladding are uses of high melting point materials, low heat influence and heat distortion to a substrate, and high adhesion strength of a cladding layer. Laser cladding is expected as a surface modification technology to apply against the materials which are required in severe environments. The Ni-base self-fluxing alloy thermal sprayed coatings are widely employed to improve the quality of components whose surface is submitted to wear and corrosion. The use of thermal spray coatings for the wear protection of bulk materials is used throughout industry for mechanical components such as engine parts, hydraulic turbines and bearing surfaces . For the past few years, the authors have been developing a laser cladding method employing a high energy density laser beam heat source . Utilizing this method, steel plate was coated with Fe-B alloy powder to produce a hard surfacing layer with high hardness and erosion resistance. To develop a more effective cladding process, laser cladding was investigated using a powder feeder and Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder. The deposition efficiency and the thermal efficiency in dependence on the processing speed are determined. With minimal overall heat input, functional layers with thickness of millimeters are obtained and the surface processed per time unit is increased. Powder feed rate and track offset have to be adjusted simultaneously in order to obtain a sufficient cladding quality. The laser cladding layers were examined by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and electron probe micro analyzer. The properties of the cladding layer were examined using the Vickers hardness test and sand erosion test.
{"title":"Formation of Ni-base Self-fusing Layers with Using Direct Diode Laser","authors":"J. Morimoto, T. Ozaki, Toshifumi Kobayasi, T. Kusuhara, N. Abe, M. Tsukamoto","doi":"10.7791/JHTS.35.314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7791/JHTS.35.314","url":null,"abstract":"Laser cladding is an economic process to produce protective layers against wear and corrosion on highly loaded components. Advantages of laser cladding are uses of high melting point materials, low heat influence and heat distortion to a substrate, and high adhesion strength of a cladding layer. Laser cladding is expected as a surface modification technology to apply against the materials which are required in severe environments. The Ni-base self-fluxing alloy thermal sprayed coatings are widely employed to improve the quality of components whose surface is submitted to wear and corrosion. The use of thermal spray coatings for the wear protection of bulk materials is used throughout industry for mechanical components such as engine parts, hydraulic turbines and bearing surfaces . For the past few years, the authors have been developing a laser cladding method employing a high energy density laser beam heat source . Utilizing this method, steel plate was coated with Fe-B alloy powder to produce a hard surfacing layer with high hardness and erosion resistance. To develop a more effective cladding process, laser cladding was investigated using a powder feeder and Ni base self-fluxing alloy powder. The deposition efficiency and the thermal efficiency in dependence on the processing speed are determined. With minimal overall heat input, functional layers with thickness of millimeters are obtained and the surface processed per time unit is increased. Powder feed rate and track offset have to be adjusted simultaneously in order to obtain a sufficient cladding quality. The laser cladding layers were examined by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope and electron probe micro analyzer. The properties of the cladding layer were examined using the Vickers hardness test and sand erosion test.","PeriodicalId":113412,"journal":{"name":"Journal of High Temperature Society","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134023078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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