Pub Date : 2023-05-10DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2207199
Pavitra Singh, P. Mahanta, P. Kalita, A. Singh
Abstract A rotating fluidized bed in a static geometry dryer without a slit is highly recommended in multiple operations, such as separation, mixing, gasification, combustion, particle coating, and drying process intensification. The present analysis proposed a highly efficient moisture removal technique into optimized energy forms, including electrical and thermal energy used in air heating and particle fluidization. Hence, to reduce a considerable energy loss in rotating fluidized bed chambers, the energy exergy analysis of granular drying is carried out for two distinct drying chambers without and with a slit. Granular drying has been conducted in dryers at 55 °C –65 °C, airflow rate of 400–600 m3/h, drying inventory of 300–500 g, energy utilized, and energy utilization ratio. It is observed that. In the slit-less rotating fluidized bed with static geometry dryer, the drying efficiency is increased by 5.6%, the drying cost decreased by 19.8%, and the payback period is reduced by 54% compared to the rotating fluidized bed dryer in static geometry.
{"title":"Thermal analysis of a rotating fluidized bed dryer in static geometry dryer with and without slit","authors":"Pavitra Singh, P. Mahanta, P. Kalita, A. Singh","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2207199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2207199","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract A rotating fluidized bed in a static geometry dryer without a slit is highly recommended in multiple operations, such as separation, mixing, gasification, combustion, particle coating, and drying process intensification. The present analysis proposed a highly efficient moisture removal technique into optimized energy forms, including electrical and thermal energy used in air heating and particle fluidization. Hence, to reduce a considerable energy loss in rotating fluidized bed chambers, the energy exergy analysis of granular drying is carried out for two distinct drying chambers without and with a slit. Granular drying has been conducted in dryers at 55 °C –65 °C, airflow rate of 400–600 m3/h, drying inventory of 300–500 g, energy utilized, and energy utilization ratio. It is observed that. In the slit-less rotating fluidized bed with static geometry dryer, the drying efficiency is increased by 5.6%, the drying cost decreased by 19.8%, and the payback period is reduced by 54% compared to the rotating fluidized bed dryer in static geometry.","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"1933 - 1943"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42510435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-09DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2209157
Wei Wang, Shuo Zhang, Yanqiu Pan, Yi Ji, Xin Li, Guohua Chen, Xuewu Liu
{"title":"Probe into the adaptability of local equilibrium/non-equilibrium assumptions in simulating freeze-drying of porous media","authors":"Wei Wang, Shuo Zhang, Yanqiu Pan, Yi Ji, Xin Li, Guohua Chen, Xuewu Liu","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2209157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2209157","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42902659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-07DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2207634
T. Kudra, A. Martynenko
{"title":"Electrohydrodynamic drying: The opportunity for sustainable development","authors":"T. Kudra, A. Martynenko","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2207634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2207634","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41959789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2205799
S. Ramakrishna, Fang-Chun Li, Ewa Kijeńska‐Gawrońska, S. Agarwala
Anecdotal and historical accounts of science suggest that in earlier times, researchers pursued science more as a hobby at their own pace with support and encouragement from patrons and communities. This leads to inequality in scientific research, where some fields and researchers may have an easier time obtaining funding and resources, while other fields and researchers may lack this support, making it difficult to conduct meaningful research. Progress of science needs efforts from the researchers with a poly-disciplinary mindset as well as mono-disciplinary strengths.[[5]] The role of science is evident to everyone from the recent example, i.e., protecting eight billion people from the devastating effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Millions of researchers are now pursuing science as opposed to thousands and hundreds of researchers in the earlier periods of science. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Drying Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
{"title":"Where is science heading? The main challenges before today’s scientists?","authors":"S. Ramakrishna, Fang-Chun Li, Ewa Kijeńska‐Gawrońska, S. Agarwala","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2205799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205799","url":null,"abstract":"Anecdotal and historical accounts of science suggest that in earlier times, researchers pursued science more as a hobby at their own pace with support and encouragement from patrons and communities. This leads to inequality in scientific research, where some fields and researchers may have an easier time obtaining funding and resources, while other fields and researchers may lack this support, making it difficult to conduct meaningful research. Progress of science needs efforts from the researchers with a poly-disciplinary mindset as well as mono-disciplinary strengths.[[5]] The role of science is evident to everyone from the recent example, i.e., protecting eight billion people from the devastating effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Millions of researchers are now pursuing science as opposed to thousands and hundreds of researchers in the earlier periods of science. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Drying Technology is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"812 - 816"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46350129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2205530
D. Elustondo, N. Matan, T. Langrish, S. Pang
Abstract Wood drying is a key operation of wood processing to ensure that the wood retains its physical integrity and stability in remanufacturing and in use. However, in industrial drying various drying defects still occur, which include uneven moisture content between and within boards, board distortion, residual drying stresses that may induce internal and external checking, and wood collapse. This paper presents a review on advances in wood drying research and development, which lay foundation for better understanding of the drying process, mechanisms of drying defect occurrence and affecting factors. In particular, recent progresses in understanding drying stress development and wood collapse formation during drying are presented in more details. Based on these advances, inter-linkage and interactions are analyzed among wood physical and microstructural properties, moisture movement in wood during drying, stress development and reversal, and wood collapse formation. Following this, drying schedule improvements and novel drying technologies are presented with targets to mitigate the drying defects, reduce energy consumption and increase the productivity. Application of artificial intelligence for modeling and control of the timber drying is also briefly described. Finally, recommendations are made for future studies and practical implementation.
{"title":"Advances in wood drying research and development","authors":"D. Elustondo, N. Matan, T. Langrish, S. Pang","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2205530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205530","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wood drying is a key operation of wood processing to ensure that the wood retains its physical integrity and stability in remanufacturing and in use. However, in industrial drying various drying defects still occur, which include uneven moisture content between and within boards, board distortion, residual drying stresses that may induce internal and external checking, and wood collapse. This paper presents a review on advances in wood drying research and development, which lay foundation for better understanding of the drying process, mechanisms of drying defect occurrence and affecting factors. In particular, recent progresses in understanding drying stress development and wood collapse formation during drying are presented in more details. Based on these advances, inter-linkage and interactions are analyzed among wood physical and microstructural properties, moisture movement in wood during drying, stress development and reversal, and wood collapse formation. Following this, drying schedule improvements and novel drying technologies are presented with targets to mitigate the drying defects, reduce energy consumption and increase the productivity. Application of artificial intelligence for modeling and control of the timber drying is also briefly described. Finally, recommendations are made for future studies and practical implementation.","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"890 - 914"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45739108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2206205
Maria Laura Passos, M. A. Barrozo, F. R. Reis
Over 40 years since the establishment of Drying Technology, Professor Arun Mujumdar has invested tremendous and pioneering effort in promoting research and development in drying science and technology as well as creating and disseminating innovative knowledge and tools to consolidate the world drying community in academia as well as industry. The great success of this peer-reviewed archival journal as well as IDS (International Drying Symposium) series he founded in 1978 at McGill University, Canada, indeed reflects his continuing effort toward this goal, which we acknowledge and thank him for. It is well known that Drying Technology and IDS are the most important journal and symposium series, respectively, devoted to drying and have been positively making impacts on the drying field on a global scale. We are honored to be invited to briefly describe the contribution of Drying Technology to enhancing both the quality and quantity of R&D in Brazil through these 40 years. As already known [1], due to its continental dimension and biodiversity, Brazil has a great diversity of products that need to be dried prior to their application and/or consumption. For this reason, drying R&D in Brazil began to be structured early in the 1970s to meet local requirements and demand from agro-industrial sectors. Around 30 theses (doctorate and master’s) were written in the area of drying. These works involved innovative or modified drying techniques for diverse products demanded by industries and cooperatives, but their results impacted drying R&D only locally [2]. In order to unite the Brazilian community of researches in particulate systems and share their knowledge and outcome, the Brazilian Congress of Particulate Systems (ENEMP) was created in 1973 by Professors Giulio Massarani and Affonso C. S. Silva Telles (in memoriam) from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and continued by Professor Jos e T. Freire from Federal University of S~ao Carlos. Drying is one of the most important areas covered in this forum. The ENEMP continuity until now reflects its success not only as a forum to unify the Brazilian community in particulate systems, but also to push R&D toward industrial needs and innovations. From the 1980s to 2000s, Professors Massarani and Freire formed the second generation of Brazilian drying researchers, many of whom are today research leaders in this area at universities in different regions of Brazil. Even with this improvement, in the 1980s and beginning of 1990s, international publications on drying were still scarce and did not reflect the real work performed by the Brazilian community. Aiming at a greater contribution of the Brazilian drying works into the international scenario, the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), represented by Professors Sandra C. S. Rocha and Maria Aparecida Silva, decided to accept the invitation of Professor Arun Mujumdar to organize in Sao Paulo the Inter-American Drying Conference (IADC) in 1997 and the IDS in 2
{"title":"Four decades of Drying Technology: The role of the journal in globalizing and promoting drying R&D and industrial development in Brazil","authors":"Maria Laura Passos, M. A. Barrozo, F. R. Reis","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2206205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2206205","url":null,"abstract":"Over 40 years since the establishment of Drying Technology, Professor Arun Mujumdar has invested tremendous and pioneering effort in promoting research and development in drying science and technology as well as creating and disseminating innovative knowledge and tools to consolidate the world drying community in academia as well as industry. The great success of this peer-reviewed archival journal as well as IDS (International Drying Symposium) series he founded in 1978 at McGill University, Canada, indeed reflects his continuing effort toward this goal, which we acknowledge and thank him for. It is well known that Drying Technology and IDS are the most important journal and symposium series, respectively, devoted to drying and have been positively making impacts on the drying field on a global scale. We are honored to be invited to briefly describe the contribution of Drying Technology to enhancing both the quality and quantity of R&D in Brazil through these 40 years. As already known [1], due to its continental dimension and biodiversity, Brazil has a great diversity of products that need to be dried prior to their application and/or consumption. For this reason, drying R&D in Brazil began to be structured early in the 1970s to meet local requirements and demand from agro-industrial sectors. Around 30 theses (doctorate and master’s) were written in the area of drying. These works involved innovative or modified drying techniques for diverse products demanded by industries and cooperatives, but their results impacted drying R&D only locally [2]. In order to unite the Brazilian community of researches in particulate systems and share their knowledge and outcome, the Brazilian Congress of Particulate Systems (ENEMP) was created in 1973 by Professors Giulio Massarani and Affonso C. S. Silva Telles (in memoriam) from Federal University of Rio de Janeiro and continued by Professor Jos e T. Freire from Federal University of S~ao Carlos. Drying is one of the most important areas covered in this forum. The ENEMP continuity until now reflects its success not only as a forum to unify the Brazilian community in particulate systems, but also to push R&D toward industrial needs and innovations. From the 1980s to 2000s, Professors Massarani and Freire formed the second generation of Brazilian drying researchers, many of whom are today research leaders in this area at universities in different regions of Brazil. Even with this improvement, in the 1980s and beginning of 1990s, international publications on drying were still scarce and did not reflect the real work performed by the Brazilian community. Aiming at a greater contribution of the Brazilian drying works into the international scenario, the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), represented by Professors Sandra C. S. Rocha and Maria Aparecida Silva, decided to accept the invitation of Professor Arun Mujumdar to organize in Sao Paulo the Inter-American Drying Conference (IADC) in 1997 and the IDS in 2","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"810 - 811"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44685656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2205790
A. Mujumdar
It is a matter of distinct pleasure and privilege for me to present this special issue designed to commemorate successful completion of four decades of uninterrupted publication of this archival journal focused on drying science, technology and engineering. The journal was first proposed by Dr. Carl W. Hall, the founding Editor of Drying Technology. The journal was then published by the New York based publishing house Marcel Dekker, Inc. It took two years to publish the first two issues of the journal in camera-ready format in 1982–83. The original idea for a peer-reviewed journal was rooted in successful completion of the first three International Drying Symposia (IDS); the first two in 1978 and 1980 were held in Montreal, Canada and the third one in Birmingham, UK. During the early phase of the journal, I assisted Dr. Hall in forming an International Editorial Advisory Board, inviting authors for articles and reviewing them before revising and getting them in a camera-ready format. As a new journal, as expected, it was a challenge to find authors who could contribute high-quality manuscripts as most preferred to publish their articles in IDS proceedings and in a book series I had established prior to the idea of this journal was conceptualized. The history of this journal will be a topic of future articles and editorials. Suffice it to say here that the journal has had a chequered history and we have had to be truly innovative and fully globalized. The original primary goal of the journal was to bring the widely scattered community of researchers in academia and industry together and then provide them an opportunity to disseminate peer-reviewed original research in drying and closely allied areas. Clearly, this is important for any research area to develop and grow. It was especially crucial for drying research as it was a new emerging area not commonly recognized as an important area for challenging research. In fact, it took over a decade for the journal to establish itself as a result of very hard work of the editors and members of the editorial team in cooperation with program chairs of the biennial IDS series. It is important to note that in the early years, we faced a severe shortage of both authors and expert reviewers. Another challenge we faced was to create interest from diverse industrial sectors to participate in IDS conferences and to contribute to this journal. Fortunately, there has been a continuous increase in the number of refereed articles the journal has published over the past four decades (Figure 1). There is also a continuous increase in the quality of articles published as indicated by the impact factor and citations. It is noteworthy that the journal has published articles from authors based in over 100 countries. It is obvious that globalization is the key to continuing success of the journal. Different countries have been the major contributors to the journal during different periods of its publication. Currently, Chi
{"title":"40th anniversary commemorative issue of Drying Technology","authors":"A. Mujumdar","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2205790","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205790","url":null,"abstract":"It is a matter of distinct pleasure and privilege for me to present this special issue designed to commemorate successful completion of four decades of uninterrupted publication of this archival journal focused on drying science, technology and engineering. The journal was first proposed by Dr. Carl W. Hall, the founding Editor of Drying Technology. The journal was then published by the New York based publishing house Marcel Dekker, Inc. It took two years to publish the first two issues of the journal in camera-ready format in 1982–83. The original idea for a peer-reviewed journal was rooted in successful completion of the first three International Drying Symposia (IDS); the first two in 1978 and 1980 were held in Montreal, Canada and the third one in Birmingham, UK. During the early phase of the journal, I assisted Dr. Hall in forming an International Editorial Advisory Board, inviting authors for articles and reviewing them before revising and getting them in a camera-ready format. As a new journal, as expected, it was a challenge to find authors who could contribute high-quality manuscripts as most preferred to publish their articles in IDS proceedings and in a book series I had established prior to the idea of this journal was conceptualized. The history of this journal will be a topic of future articles and editorials. Suffice it to say here that the journal has had a chequered history and we have had to be truly innovative and fully globalized. The original primary goal of the journal was to bring the widely scattered community of researchers in academia and industry together and then provide them an opportunity to disseminate peer-reviewed original research in drying and closely allied areas. Clearly, this is important for any research area to develop and grow. It was especially crucial for drying research as it was a new emerging area not commonly recognized as an important area for challenging research. In fact, it took over a decade for the journal to establish itself as a result of very hard work of the editors and members of the editorial team in cooperation with program chairs of the biennial IDS series. It is important to note that in the early years, we faced a severe shortage of both authors and expert reviewers. Another challenge we faced was to create interest from diverse industrial sectors to participate in IDS conferences and to contribute to this journal. Fortunately, there has been a continuous increase in the number of refereed articles the journal has published over the past four decades (Figure 1). There is also a continuous increase in the quality of articles published as indicated by the impact factor and citations. It is noteworthy that the journal has published articles from authors based in over 100 countries. It is obvious that globalization is the key to continuing success of the journal. Different countries have been the major contributors to the journal during different periods of its publication. Currently, Chi","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"805 - 807"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"59937209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-02DOI: 10.1080/07373937.2023.2205791
C. J. King
Drying has uses going back into antiquity and research studies dating back well over 150 years. This issue marks the fortieth anniversary of the initiation of Drying Technology. The initiative of the founding Editor Dr. Carl W. Hall who started the journal in 1983 was both timely and prescient. Professor Arun S. Mujumdar has been associated with running of this journal right from the start and took over as the Editor-in-Chief in 1988. Drying has central roles in at least three of the most crucial and vexing problems facing mankind—the need for a sufficient supply of healthful food throughout the world and hence sustainability, the need to address future health crises akin to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, and the need to conquer and control global warming. More and more, good and probing research is needed on many different aspects of drying. Going back to the Incas and before, drying has been a widely used method of food preservation. Not only can drying preserve and stabilize foods, but it can also substantially reduce weight and hence transportation costs. It supplants the use of freezing or refrigeration for both transportation and storage, and provides storage stability that can be decades long. Ordinary drying (often denoted “dehydration” in the business) is hampered by irreversible changes brought about in food quality factors, both nutrients and consistency, and difficulty or incompleteness in rehydrating the product. As well there can readily be losses of flavor and aroma, since the compounds composing those qualities are by their nature volatile, some are heat-sensitive, and many are more volatile than water when in aqueous solution. Freeze drying can overcome these difficulties, but is still a relatively expensive process, carried out through long-duration, labor-intensive, batch processes. Because of cost, the use of freeze drying to preserve foods is presently limited to specialty markets such as stashes of emergency food, backpacking meals, instant coffee, and components of items such as breakfast cereals and pet treats. Research is needed regarding preservation of the various food quality attributes during conventional and other methods of drying. The more that this research can develop understanding at the molecular level and/or be of a generalizable nature, the better. Better understanding is needed of the mechanisms by which water moves through materials of different sorts during drying. Research should also be directed toward the long-sought goal of a commercially viable continuous freeze dryer or an entirely different batch freeze-dryer design for much higher capacities than current operations. Still on the subject of an adequate food supply for the world, more consideration should be given to how use of drying, and particularly the relatively long shelf lives of dried food products, can reduce the large fraction of the world’s food supply that currently goes to waste, currently estimated as 30% to 40% for the United States. Si
尽管处理固体比处理液体更复杂，但提高工业和家庭干燥系统的热效率也值得关注。将干衣机添加到
{"title":"Guest editorial","authors":"C. J. King","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2205791","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2205791","url":null,"abstract":"Drying has uses going back into antiquity and research studies dating back well over 150 years. This issue marks the fortieth anniversary of the initiation of Drying Technology. The initiative of the founding Editor Dr. Carl W. Hall who started the journal in 1983 was both timely and prescient. Professor Arun S. Mujumdar has been associated with running of this journal right from the start and took over as the Editor-in-Chief in 1988. Drying has central roles in at least three of the most crucial and vexing problems facing mankind—the need for a sufficient supply of healthful food throughout the world and hence sustainability, the need to address future health crises akin to the recent COVID-19 pandemic, and the need to conquer and control global warming. More and more, good and probing research is needed on many different aspects of drying. Going back to the Incas and before, drying has been a widely used method of food preservation. Not only can drying preserve and stabilize foods, but it can also substantially reduce weight and hence transportation costs. It supplants the use of freezing or refrigeration for both transportation and storage, and provides storage stability that can be decades long. Ordinary drying (often denoted “dehydration” in the business) is hampered by irreversible changes brought about in food quality factors, both nutrients and consistency, and difficulty or incompleteness in rehydrating the product. As well there can readily be losses of flavor and aroma, since the compounds composing those qualities are by their nature volatile, some are heat-sensitive, and many are more volatile than water when in aqueous solution. Freeze drying can overcome these difficulties, but is still a relatively expensive process, carried out through long-duration, labor-intensive, batch processes. Because of cost, the use of freeze drying to preserve foods is presently limited to specialty markets such as stashes of emergency food, backpacking meals, instant coffee, and components of items such as breakfast cereals and pet treats. Research is needed regarding preservation of the various food quality attributes during conventional and other methods of drying. The more that this research can develop understanding at the molecular level and/or be of a generalizable nature, the better. Better understanding is needed of the mechanisms by which water moves through materials of different sorts during drying. Research should also be directed toward the long-sought goal of a commercially viable continuous freeze dryer or an entirely different batch freeze-dryer design for much higher capacities than current operations. Still on the subject of an adequate food supply for the world, more consideration should be given to how use of drying, and particularly the relatively long shelf lives of dried food products, can reduce the large fraction of the world’s food supply that currently goes to waste, currently estimated as 30% to 40% for the United States. Si","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"808 - 809"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41533957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The effect of the pre-drying processes on the physical, chemical, microstructural, color, textural and sensory properties of mandarin chips was studied. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of different pre-drying methods (microwave drying (MD), hot air drying (HAD), freeze-drying (FD), osmotic dehydration (OD) and microwave combined with hot air drying (HAD + MD) on mandarin chips dried with the explosive puffing drying (EPD) method. Pre-dried mandarins until the moisture content of 70% (wb) were dried at 25 kPa, 60 °C for 180 min by EPD. The hybrid method HAD + MD + EPD was shown to be the most effective method for decreasing the moisture content and water activity (aw). It was concluded that the crust structure created during the pre-drying process affected the final product’s bulk density and volumetric expansion (VE) characteristics. Therefore, the HAD + MD + EPD combination reduced porosity in mandarin snacks, resulting in lower hardness and increased crispness. Mandarin snacks produced with the FD + EPD method had the highest ascorbic acid content (297.93 ± 1.92 mg/100 gDM), total phenolic content (181.82 ± 1.05 mgGAE/100 gDM), and antioxidant activity (220.18 ± 0.46 TEAC/100 gDM), whereas samples produce with the HAD + MD + EPD method had the highest total carotenoid content and, when the sensory properties were evaluated, the highest crispness and lowest hardness value. In today’s world, where healthy snack intake is becoming more common, our study has shown that the HAD + MD + EPD method is an innovative and effective drying method for developing mandarin chips as a healthy snack food while protecting its functional and textural characteristics.
{"title":"Effects of pre-drying methods on physicochemical, textural and color quality attributes of explosive puffed dried mandarin snacks","authors":"Özgül Altay, Esin Selçuk, Rabia AKÇAY SALIK, Özgün Köprüalan Aydın, Figen Kaymak Ertekin","doi":"10.1080/07373937.2023.2203206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/07373937.2023.2203206","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The effect of the pre-drying processes on the physical, chemical, microstructural, color, textural and sensory properties of mandarin chips was studied. The aim of the study is to investigate the effects of different pre-drying methods (microwave drying (MD), hot air drying (HAD), freeze-drying (FD), osmotic dehydration (OD) and microwave combined with hot air drying (HAD + MD) on mandarin chips dried with the explosive puffing drying (EPD) method. Pre-dried mandarins until the moisture content of 70% (wb) were dried at 25 kPa, 60 °C for 180 min by EPD. The hybrid method HAD + MD + EPD was shown to be the most effective method for decreasing the moisture content and water activity (aw). It was concluded that the crust structure created during the pre-drying process affected the final product’s bulk density and volumetric expansion (VE) characteristics. Therefore, the HAD + MD + EPD combination reduced porosity in mandarin snacks, resulting in lower hardness and increased crispness. Mandarin snacks produced with the FD + EPD method had the highest ascorbic acid content (297.93 ± 1.92 mg/100 gDM), total phenolic content (181.82 ± 1.05 mgGAE/100 gDM), and antioxidant activity (220.18 ± 0.46 TEAC/100 gDM), whereas samples produce with the HAD + MD + EPD method had the highest total carotenoid content and, when the sensory properties were evaluated, the highest crispness and lowest hardness value. In today’s world, where healthy snack intake is becoming more common, our study has shown that the HAD + MD + EPD method is an innovative and effective drying method for developing mandarin chips as a healthy snack food while protecting its functional and textural characteristics.","PeriodicalId":11374,"journal":{"name":"Drying Technology","volume":"41 1","pages":"1893 - 1906"},"PeriodicalIF":3.3,"publicationDate":"2023-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44010336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：