Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01670-8
Nadja Anis, Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Sara Kaartinen, Yasmina Silén, Jaakko Kaprio, Sari Aaltonen
Purpose: High levels of physical activity have been documented in eating disorder patients. Our aim was to examine whether adolescent leisure-time physical activity is prospectively associated with eating disorders in adolescence and young adulthood.
Methods: Finnish twins born in 1983-1987 reported their physical activity frequency at ages 12, 14, and 17. A subsample of participants underwent structured, retrospective interviews for eating disorders at the mean age of 22.4 years. Associations between female twins' physical activity and future eating disorders (571-683 twins/wave) were investigated with the Cox proportional hazards model. To illustrate the physical activity similarity of the co-twins in a twin pair, we used cross-tabulation of eating disorder-discordant twin pairs (13-24 pairs/wave).
Results: After adjusting for several covariates, we found no statistically significant longitudinal association between physical activity and eating disorders. This applied when all eating disorders were combined but also when assessed separately as restrictive and non-restrictive eating disorders. Co-twins' physical activity in adolescence tended to be similar irrespective of their future eating disorder, supporting the results of the regression analysis.
Conclusion: We observed no evidence of adolescent physical activity frequency being prospectively associated with eating disorders in female twins. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and more detailed physical activity data are needed.
Level of evidence: III, evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.
{"title":"Adolescent leisure-time physical activity and eating disorders: a longitudinal population-based twin study.","authors":"Nadja Anis, Anna Keski-Rahkonen, Sara Kaartinen, Yasmina Silén, Jaakko Kaprio, Sari Aaltonen","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01670-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01670-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>High levels of physical activity have been documented in eating disorder patients. Our aim was to examine whether adolescent leisure-time physical activity is prospectively associated with eating disorders in adolescence and young adulthood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Finnish twins born in 1983-1987 reported their physical activity frequency at ages 12, 14, and 17. A subsample of participants underwent structured, retrospective interviews for eating disorders at the mean age of 22.4 years. Associations between female twins' physical activity and future eating disorders (571-683 twins/wave) were investigated with the Cox proportional hazards model. To illustrate the physical activity similarity of the co-twins in a twin pair, we used cross-tabulation of eating disorder-discordant twin pairs (13-24 pairs/wave).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>After adjusting for several covariates, we found no statistically significant longitudinal association between physical activity and eating disorders. This applied when all eating disorders were combined but also when assessed separately as restrictive and non-restrictive eating disorders. Co-twins' physical activity in adolescence tended to be similar irrespective of their future eating disorder, supporting the results of the regression analysis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We observed no evidence of adolescent physical activity frequency being prospectively associated with eating disorders in female twins. Further longitudinal studies with larger sample sizes and more detailed physical activity data are needed.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>III, evidence obtained from cohort or case-control analytic studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11162369/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141293282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01668-2
Concetta M Vaccaro, Giulia Guarino, Francesco Danza, Alessia Fraulino, Renata Bracale
Purpose: The growing importance placed on health and physical well-being by consumers continues to influence food industry choices. The food market therefore, pandering to the desires for a lean and athletic body, offers new products deemed more healthy and able to impact body image. It is evidenced, thus, a change in food choices and habits, with more attention to the quality and nutrient content of the products consumed, in which protein is assuming increasing importance. The purpose of the study is to highlight important changes in eating habits and in particular the increase in the consumption of high-protein foods, attributable to the focus on physical fitness and thinness, resulting in a decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the progressive loss of its positive impact on health.
Methods and results: This analysis is based on CIRCANA srl data on food consumption trends (change percentage of quantity and value sales) in recent years. Specifically, between January and September 2022 vs. 2021, there was a 21.6% increase in the sale of high-protein products, significantly higher than all the previous ones.
Conclusions: The past few years have seen the gradual discovery of new products, at first little-known and niche, which are becoming major players on the national food consumption scene. The trend is toward a growing preference for high-protein foods and diets with the gradual abandonment of the Mediterranean and an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.
Level of evidence: Level IV, evidence obtained from multiple time series with or without the intervention.
{"title":"Changing food choices: the option for high-protein foods and the move away from the Mediterranean diet.","authors":"Concetta M Vaccaro, Giulia Guarino, Francesco Danza, Alessia Fraulino, Renata Bracale","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01668-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01668-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong> The growing importance placed on health and physical well-being by consumers continues to influence food industry choices. The food market therefore, pandering to the desires for a lean and athletic body, offers new products deemed more healthy and able to impact body image. It is evidenced, thus, a change in food choices and habits, with more attention to the quality and nutrient content of the products consumed, in which protein is assuming increasing importance. The purpose of the study is to highlight important changes in eating habits and in particular the increase in the consumption of high-protein foods, attributable to the focus on physical fitness and thinness, resulting in a decreasing adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the progressive loss of its positive impact on health.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>This analysis is based on CIRCANA srl data on food consumption trends (change percentage of quantity and value sales) in recent years. Specifically, between January and September 2022 vs. 2021, there was a 21.6% increase in the sale of high-protein products, significantly higher than all the previous ones.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The past few years have seen the gradual discovery of new products, at first little-known and niche, which are becoming major players on the national food consumption scene. The trend is toward a growing preference for high-protein foods and diets with the gradual abandonment of the Mediterranean and an increased risk of nutritional deficiencies, obesity, and cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level IV, evidence obtained from multiple time series with or without the intervention.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11147913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141236922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01665-5
Federica Toppino, Matteo Martini, Paola Longo, Inês Caldas, Nadia Delsedime, Raffaele Lavalle, Francesco Raimondi, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Matteo Panero
Purpose: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder for which hospitalization is frequently needed in case of severe medical and psychiatric consequences. We aim to describe the state-of-the-art inpatient treatment of AN in real-world reports.
Methods: A systematic review of the literature on the major medical databases, spanning from January 2011 to October 2023, was performed, using the keywords: "inpatient", "hospitalization" and "anorexia nervosa". Studies on pediatric populations and inpatients in residential facilities were excluded.
Results: Twenty-seven studies (3501 subjects) were included, and nine themes related to the primary challenges faced in hospitalization settings were selected. About 81.48% of the studies detailed the clinical team, 51.85% cited the use of a psychotherapeutic model, 25.93% addressed motivation, 100% specified the treatment setting, 66.67% detailed nutrition and refeeding, 22.22% cited pharmacological therapy, 40.74% described admission or discharge criteria and 14.81% follow-up, and 51.85% used tests for assessment of the AN or psychopathology. Despite the factors defined by international guidelines, the data were not homogeneous and not adequately defined on admission/discharge criteria, pharmacological therapy, and motivation, while more comprehensive details were available for treatment settings, refeeding protocols, and psychometric assessments.
Conclusion: Though the heterogeneity among the included studies was considered, the existence of sparse criteria, objectives, and treatment modalities emerged, outlining a sometimes ambiguous report of hospitalization practices. Future studies must aim for a more comprehensive description of treatment approaches. This will enable uniform depictions of inpatient treatment, facilitating comparisons across different studies and establishing guidelines more grounded in scientific evidence.
{"title":"Inpatient treatments for adults with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review of literature.","authors":"Federica Toppino, Matteo Martini, Paola Longo, Inês Caldas, Nadia Delsedime, Raffaele Lavalle, Francesco Raimondi, Giovanni Abbate-Daga, Matteo Panero","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01665-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01665-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder for which hospitalization is frequently needed in case of severe medical and psychiatric consequences. We aim to describe the state-of-the-art inpatient treatment of AN in real-world reports.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review of the literature on the major medical databases, spanning from January 2011 to October 2023, was performed, using the keywords: \"inpatient\", \"hospitalization\" and \"anorexia nervosa\". Studies on pediatric populations and inpatients in residential facilities were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-seven studies (3501 subjects) were included, and nine themes related to the primary challenges faced in hospitalization settings were selected. About 81.48% of the studies detailed the clinical team, 51.85% cited the use of a psychotherapeutic model, 25.93% addressed motivation, 100% specified the treatment setting, 66.67% detailed nutrition and refeeding, 22.22% cited pharmacological therapy, 40.74% described admission or discharge criteria and 14.81% follow-up, and 51.85% used tests for assessment of the AN or psychopathology. Despite the factors defined by international guidelines, the data were not homogeneous and not adequately defined on admission/discharge criteria, pharmacological therapy, and motivation, while more comprehensive details were available for treatment settings, refeeding protocols, and psychometric assessments.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Though the heterogeneity among the included studies was considered, the existence of sparse criteria, objectives, and treatment modalities emerged, outlining a sometimes ambiguous report of hospitalization practices. Future studies must aim for a more comprehensive description of treatment approaches. This will enable uniform depictions of inpatient treatment, facilitating comparisons across different studies and establishing guidelines more grounded in scientific evidence.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level I, systematic review.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11106202/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141065088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-14DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01666-4
Shijie Guo, Guangwei Qing, Qiqi Chen, Guang Yang
Background: Amidst growing evidence of the intricate link between physical and mental health, this study aims to dissect the relationship between the waist-to-weight index (WWI) and suicidal ideation within a representative sample of the US population, proposing WWI as a novel metric for suicide risk assessment.
Methods: The study engaged a sample of 9500 participants in a cross-sectional design. It employed multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses to probe the association between WWI and suicidal ideation. It further examined potential nonlinear dynamics using a weighted generalized additive model alongside stratified analyses to test the relationship's consistency across diverse demographic and health variables.
Results: Our analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between increased WWI and heightened suicidal ideation, characterized by a nonlinear relationship that persisted in the adjusted model. Subgroup analysis sustained the association's uniformity across varied population segments.
Conclusions: The study elucidates WWI's effectiveness as a predictive tool for suicidal ideation, underscoring its relevance in mental health evaluations. By highlighting the predictive value of WWI, our findings advocate for the integration of body composition considerations into mental health risk assessments, thereby broadening the scope of suicide prevention strategies.
{"title":"The relationship between weight-adjusted-waist index and suicidal ideation: evidence from NHANES.","authors":"Shijie Guo, Guangwei Qing, Qiqi Chen, Guang Yang","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01666-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01666-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Amidst growing evidence of the intricate link between physical and mental health, this study aims to dissect the relationship between the waist-to-weight index (WWI) and suicidal ideation within a representative sample of the US population, proposing WWI as a novel metric for suicide risk assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study engaged a sample of 9500 participants in a cross-sectional design. It employed multivariate logistic and linear regression analyses to probe the association between WWI and suicidal ideation. It further examined potential nonlinear dynamics using a weighted generalized additive model alongside stratified analyses to test the relationship's consistency across diverse demographic and health variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between increased WWI and heightened suicidal ideation, characterized by a nonlinear relationship that persisted in the adjusted model. Subgroup analysis sustained the association's uniformity across varied population segments.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study elucidates WWI's effectiveness as a predictive tool for suicidal ideation, underscoring its relevance in mental health evaluations. By highlighting the predictive value of WWI, our findings advocate for the integration of body composition considerations into mental health risk assessments, thereby broadening the scope of suicide prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11093856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140921540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: With increasing morbidity and risk of death, obesity has become a serious health problem largely attributable to difficulties in finding proper treatments for related diseases. Many studies show how detecting abnormal eating behaviors could be useful in developing effective clinical treatments. This study aims at validating the Greek version of the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O).
Method: After a double English/Greek forward/backward translation of the EBA-O, 294 participants completed the Greek version (GR-EBA-O), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, the Binge Eating Scale, and the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and construct validity were calculated, and Two-way MANOVA was computed with the factors of GR-EBA-O controlling for sex and BMI categories.
Results: CFA confirmed the second-order five factors (i.e., food addiction, night eating, binge eating, sweet eating, and prandial hyperphagia) structure of the original EBA-O with excellent fit indices. GR-EBA-O factors were highly correlated. The GR-EBA-O subscales were also significantly correlated with the remaining measures, demonstrating good concurrent validity.
Conclusion: The Greek version of the EBA-O has demonstrated sound psychometric properties and appears a reliable and user-friendly tool to identify pathological eating behaviors in obesity.
{"title":"Validation and assessment of psychometric properties of the Greek Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (GR-EBA-O).","authors":"Panagiota Mavrandrea, Matteo Aloi, Matteo Geraci, Androula Savva, Fragiskos Gonidakis, Cristina Segura-Garcia","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01664-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01664-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>With increasing morbidity and risk of death, obesity has become a serious health problem largely attributable to difficulties in finding proper treatments for related diseases. Many studies show how detecting abnormal eating behaviors could be useful in developing effective clinical treatments. This study aims at validating the Greek version of the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>After a double English/Greek forward/backward translation of the EBA-O, 294 participants completed the Greek version (GR-EBA-O), the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire, the Binge Eating Scale, and the Yale Food Addiction Scale. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and construct validity were calculated, and Two-way MANOVA was computed with the factors of GR-EBA-O controlling for sex and BMI categories.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>CFA confirmed the second-order five factors (i.e., food addiction, night eating, binge eating, sweet eating, and prandial hyperphagia) structure of the original EBA-O with excellent fit indices. GR-EBA-O factors were highly correlated. The GR-EBA-O subscales were also significantly correlated with the remaining measures, demonstrating good concurrent validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The Greek version of the EBA-O has demonstrated sound psychometric properties and appears a reliable and user-friendly tool to identify pathological eating behaviors in obesity.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>V, descriptive research.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11088539/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140908606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-08DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01663-7
Claudio Maffeis, Luca Busetto, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Daniele Di Pauli, Carla Maccora, Andrea Lenzi
Purpose: ACTION Teens (NCT05013359) was conducted in 10 countries to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers to effective obesity care among adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), caregivers of ALwO, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Here, we report data from participants in Italy.
Methods: The ACTION Teens cross-sectional online survey was completed by 649 ALwO (aged 12- < 18 years), 455 caregivers, and 252 HCPs in Italy in 2021.
Results: Most ALwO thought their weight was above normal (69%), worried about weight affecting their future health (87%), and reported making a weight-loss attempt in the past year (60%); fewer caregivers responded similarly regarding their child (46%, 72%, and 33%, respectively). In addition, 49% of caregivers believed their child would lose excess weight with age. ALwO (38%) and caregivers (30%) most often selected wanting to be more fit/in better shape as a weight-loss motivator for ALwO; HCPs most often selected improved social life/popularity (73%). ALwO (25%) and caregivers (22%) most frequently selected lack of hunger control and not liking exercise, respectively, as weight-loss barriers, while HCPs most often agreed that unhealthy eating habits were a barrier (93%). ALwO most often obtained weight-management information from family/friends (25%) and search engines (24%); caregivers most often obtained information from doctors (29%).
Conclusion: In Italy, the impact of obesity on ALwO was underestimated by caregivers, and ALwO and HCPs had different perceptions of key weight-loss motivators and barriers. Additionally, the internet was a key information source for ALwO, which suggests new education/communication strategies are needed.
Level of evidence: IV; Evidence obtained from multiple time series with/without intervention, e.g.
{"title":"Perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors among adolescents living with obesity, caregivers, and healthcare professionals in Italy: the ACTION Teens study.","authors":"Claudio Maffeis, Luca Busetto, Malgorzata Wasniewska, Daniele Di Pauli, Carla Maccora, Andrea Lenzi","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01663-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01663-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>ACTION Teens (NCT05013359) was conducted in 10 countries to identify perceptions, attitudes, behaviors, and barriers to effective obesity care among adolescents living with obesity (ALwO), caregivers of ALwO, and healthcare professionals (HCPs). Here, we report data from participants in Italy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The ACTION Teens cross-sectional online survey was completed by 649 ALwO (aged 12- < 18 years), 455 caregivers, and 252 HCPs in Italy in 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most ALwO thought their weight was above normal (69%), worried about weight affecting their future health (87%), and reported making a weight-loss attempt in the past year (60%); fewer caregivers responded similarly regarding their child (46%, 72%, and 33%, respectively). In addition, 49% of caregivers believed their child would lose excess weight with age. ALwO (38%) and caregivers (30%) most often selected wanting to be more fit/in better shape as a weight-loss motivator for ALwO; HCPs most often selected improved social life/popularity (73%). ALwO (25%) and caregivers (22%) most frequently selected lack of hunger control and not liking exercise, respectively, as weight-loss barriers, while HCPs most often agreed that unhealthy eating habits were a barrier (93%). ALwO most often obtained weight-management information from family/friends (25%) and search engines (24%); caregivers most often obtained information from doctors (29%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In Italy, the impact of obesity on ALwO was underestimated by caregivers, and ALwO and HCPs had different perceptions of key weight-loss motivators and barriers. Additionally, the internet was a key information source for ALwO, which suggests new education/communication strategies are needed.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>IV; Evidence obtained from multiple time series with/without intervention, e.g.</p><p><strong>Case studies: </strong></p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05013359.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11078797/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-07DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01655-7
Alessio Basolo, Susanna Bechi Genzano, Jacopo Vitti, Guido Salvetti, Donatella Gilio, Giovanni Ceccarini, Giovanna Scartabelli, Chita Lippi, Rosario Bellini, Rudi Mancini, Simone D'Imporzano, Carlo Moretto, Valentina Angeli, Daniela Troiani, Paola Fierabracci, Roberta Jaccheri, Alba Calderone, Anello M Poma, Luca Chiovato, Giorgio Saponati, Ferruccio Santini
Purpose: Bariatric surgery (BS), an effective treatment for severe obesity and its comorbidities, may result in micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies. This monocentric prospective observational study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of a specifically designed vitamin/mineral formula (Bariatrifast, BIOITALIA S.r.l., Italy) for preventing and treating micronutrient deficiencies in patients submitted to BS.
Methods: Twenty patients with severe obesity (mean weight and BMI: 123.5 kg (range 88-174) and 43.3 kg/m2 (range 37-54) respectively) underwent BS (10 vertical sleeve gastrectomy VSG, 10 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB). The mean age was 49.9 years (range 27-68). After a presurgical visit (V0), follow-up visits were performed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery (V1-V4). Recorded data included weight, height and BMI. A complete blood count, measurement of ferritin, folic acid, vitamin B12, ionized calcium, 25 OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) were obtained. Following BS, patients started the daily oral multivitamin and mineral supplement.
Results: All patients achieved a significant weight loss (mean - 34.7 ± 11.8 kg). No deficiencies of various vitamins/micronutrients were detected during the entire study period. The serum concentrations of vitamin B12, 25-OH Vitamin D and folic acid increased over the follow-up period compared with V0 (mean increase 243 ng/L, 23 µg /L, 8 µg/L, respectively). Compared to RYGB, patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy showed higher levels of 25-OH vitamin D at V2, V3 and V4 (all p < 0.05), and higher levels of Vitamin B12 and folic acid at V4 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively). No adverse events were reported.
Conclusion: Following VSG or RYGB, Bariatrifast administration was associated with normal values of essential micronutrients, and it was well-tolerated without evidence of gastrointestinal side effects. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers NCT06152965.
{"title":"Efficacy of multivitamin support following bariatric surgery in patients with obesity: a prospective observational study.","authors":"Alessio Basolo, Susanna Bechi Genzano, Jacopo Vitti, Guido Salvetti, Donatella Gilio, Giovanni Ceccarini, Giovanna Scartabelli, Chita Lippi, Rosario Bellini, Rudi Mancini, Simone D'Imporzano, Carlo Moretto, Valentina Angeli, Daniela Troiani, Paola Fierabracci, Roberta Jaccheri, Alba Calderone, Anello M Poma, Luca Chiovato, Giorgio Saponati, Ferruccio Santini","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01655-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01655-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Bariatric surgery (BS), an effective treatment for severe obesity and its comorbidities, may result in micronutrient and vitamin deficiencies. This monocentric prospective observational study aimed at evaluating the efficacy of a specifically designed vitamin/mineral formula (Bariatrifast, BIOITALIA S.r.l., Italy) for preventing and treating micronutrient deficiencies in patients submitted to BS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty patients with severe obesity (mean weight and BMI: 123.5 kg (range 88-174) and 43.3 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (range 37-54) respectively) underwent BS (10 vertical sleeve gastrectomy VSG, 10 Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, RYGB). The mean age was 49.9 years (range 27-68). After a presurgical visit (V0), follow-up visits were performed at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after surgery (V1-V4). Recorded data included weight, height and BMI. A complete blood count, measurement of ferritin, folic acid, vitamin B12, ionized calcium, 25 OH vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) were obtained. Following BS, patients started the daily oral multivitamin and mineral supplement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All patients achieved a significant weight loss (mean - 34.7 ± 11.8 kg). No deficiencies of various vitamins/micronutrients were detected during the entire study period. The serum concentrations of vitamin B12, 25-OH Vitamin D and folic acid increased over the follow-up period compared with V0 (mean increase 243 ng/L, 23 µg /L, 8 µg/L, respectively). Compared to RYGB, patients who underwent sleeve gastrectomy showed higher levels of 25-OH vitamin D at V2, V3 and V4 (all p < 0.05), and higher levels of Vitamin B12 and folic acid at V4 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.005, respectively). No adverse events were reported.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Following VSG or RYGB, Bariatrifast administration was associated with normal values of essential micronutrients, and it was well-tolerated without evidence of gastrointestinal side effects. Clinical Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, identifiers NCT06152965.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11076347/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140876142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The prevalence of obesity, a chronic disease, is increasing, and obesity is now considered a global epidemic. Eye diseases are also increasing worldwide and have serious repercussions on quality of life as well as increasingly high costs for the community. The relationships between obesity and ocular pathologies are not yet well clarified and are not pathologically homogeneous: they seem to be somehow linked to excess body fat, especially to the distribution of adipose tissue and its ectopic deposits.
Purpose: Our objective was to examine the associations between obesity and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the waist/hip ratio (WHR), and the risk of most widespread eye diseases, with particular attention given to the most significant metabolic mechanisms.
Methods: This article provides a narrative overview of the effect of obesity and anthropometric measurements of body fat on prevalent eye diseases. We used the MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from 1984 to 2024. In addition, we hand-searched references from the retrieved articles and explored a number of related websites. A total of 153 publications were considered.
Results: There is significant evidence that obesity is associated with several eye diseases. Waist circumference (WC) and the waist/hip ratio (WHR) have been observed to have stronger positive associations with eye diseases than BMI.
Conclusions: Obesity must be considered a significant risk factor for eye diseases; hence, a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach to treating obesity, which also affects ocular health, is important. In the prevention and treatment of eye diseases related to obesity, lifestyle factors, especially diet and physical activity, as well as weight changes, both weight loss and weight gain, should not be overlooked.
{"title":"Obesity, body fat distribution and eye diseases.","authors":"Francesca Bosello, Angiola Vanzo, Chiara Zaffalon, Luca Polinelli, Filippo Saggin, Erika Bonacci, Emilio Pedrotti, Giorgio Marchini, Ottavio Bosello","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01662-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s40519-024-01662-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The prevalence of obesity, a chronic disease, is increasing, and obesity is now considered a global epidemic. Eye diseases are also increasing worldwide and have serious repercussions on quality of life as well as increasingly high costs for the community. The relationships between obesity and ocular pathologies are not yet well clarified and are not pathologically homogeneous: they seem to be somehow linked to excess body fat, especially to the distribution of adipose tissue and its ectopic deposits.</p><p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Our objective was to examine the associations between obesity and anthropometric indices, including body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), and the waist/hip ratio (WHR), and the risk of most widespread eye diseases, with particular attention given to the most significant metabolic mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This article provides a narrative overview of the effect of obesity and anthropometric measurements of body fat on prevalent eye diseases. We used the MEDLINE/PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from 1984 to 2024. In addition, we hand-searched references from the retrieved articles and explored a number of related websites. A total of 153 publications were considered.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There is significant evidence that obesity is associated with several eye diseases. Waist circumference (WC) and the waist/hip ratio (WHR) have been observed to have stronger positive associations with eye diseases than BMI.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Obesity must be considered a significant risk factor for eye diseases; hence, a multidisciplinary and multidimensional approach to treating obesity, which also affects ocular health, is important. In the prevention and treatment of eye diseases related to obesity, lifestyle factors, especially diet and physical activity, as well as weight changes, both weight loss and weight gain, should not be overlooked.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V narrative review.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11074037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140859714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the potential relationships between the use of different section of food label, and healthy and pathological aspects of orthorexia among adults.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey (n = 1326). Inclusion criteria were being 19-64 years and graduated from at least primary school. Pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Data were collected using questionnaire including socio-demographic variables, lifestyle factors, body weight and height, frequency of reading different sections of food label ("always", "when buying a food for the first time", "when comparing similar packaged foods", "rarely", "never"), food label literacy, and Teruel Orthorexia Scale. Participants were categorized as nutrition facts panel-users, ingredients list-users or claim-users if they read at least one item from the relevant parts.
Results: The proportions of nutrition facts, ingredients list, and claims sections users were 72.3%, 76.3%, and 79.9%, respectively. Both healthy and pathological aspects of orthorexia were associated with reading food labels. The healthy orthorexia had the strongest association with using the ingredients list (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.41-2.20), whereas the orthorexia nervosa showed the highest association with using nutrition facts panel (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.20-1.81). While women, physically active participants and those with higher food label literacy were more likely to use all sections of food labels; older age, having children, and chronic disease increased the likelihood of using claims and ingredients list (p < 0.05). Besides, following a diet was associated with higher use of nutrition facts and ingredients list (p < 0.05).
Conclusions: The study demonstrates that food label users have higher orthorexia tendencies compared to non-users. Of the food label sections, healthy orthorexia showed the strongest association with use of the list of ingredients, while pathological orthorexia showed the strongest association with use of the nutrition facts panel.
Level of evidence: Level V, cross-sectional study.
目的:本研究旨在调查成年人使用食品标签的不同部分与厌食症的健康和病理方面之间的潜在关系:这项横断面研究采用在线调查的方式进行(n = 1326)。纳入标准为 19-64 岁,至少小学毕业。孕妇和哺乳期妇女除外。调查问卷收集的数据包括社会人口变量、生活方式因素、体重和身高、阅读食品标签不同部分的频率("总是"、"首次购买食品时"、"比较同类包装食品时"、"很少"、"从不")、食品标签识读能力和特鲁埃尔厌食症量表。如果参与者至少阅读了相关部分的一项内容,则被归类为营养成分表用户、配料表用户或声称用户:结果:营养成分表、配料表和声称部分使用者的比例分别为 72.3%、76.3% 和 79.9%。健康和病态的厌食症都与阅读食品标签有关。健康型厌食症与使用配料表的关联度最高(OR 1.76,95% CI 1.41-2.20),而神经性厌食症与使用营养成分表的关联度最高(OR 1.48,95% CI 1.20-1.81)。女性、身体活跃的参与者和食品标签知识水平较高的参与者更有可能使用食品标签的所有部分;而年龄较大、有孩子和慢性病的参与者则更有可能使用声称和配料表(p 结论:该研究表明,食品标签的使用者与食品标签的使用有很大的关系:研究表明,与不使用食品标签的人相比,使用食品标签的人有更高的厌食倾向。在食品标签的各个部分中,健康型厌食症与配料表的使用关系最为密切,而病态型厌食症与营养成分表的使用关系最为密切:证据等级:V 级,横断面研究。
{"title":"Factors associated with food label use: focus on healthy aspects of orthorexia and orthorexia nervosa.","authors":"Ezgi Bellikci-Koyu, Yasemin Karaağaç, Armağan Aytuğ Yürük","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01661-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-024-01661-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the potential relationships between the use of different section of food label, and healthy and pathological aspects of orthorexia among adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey (n = 1326). Inclusion criteria were being 19-64 years and graduated from at least primary school. Pregnant and lactating women were excluded. Data were collected using questionnaire including socio-demographic variables, lifestyle factors, body weight and height, frequency of reading different sections of food label (\"always\", \"when buying a food for the first time\", \"when comparing similar packaged foods\", \"rarely\", \"never\"), food label literacy, and Teruel Orthorexia Scale. Participants were categorized as nutrition facts panel-users, ingredients list-users or claim-users if they read at least one item from the relevant parts.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportions of nutrition facts, ingredients list, and claims sections users were 72.3%, 76.3%, and 79.9%, respectively. Both healthy and pathological aspects of orthorexia were associated with reading food labels. The healthy orthorexia had the strongest association with using the ingredients list (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.41-2.20), whereas the orthorexia nervosa showed the highest association with using nutrition facts panel (OR 1.48, 95% CI 1.20-1.81). While women, physically active participants and those with higher food label literacy were more likely to use all sections of food labels; older age, having children, and chronic disease increased the likelihood of using claims and ingredients list (p < 0.05). Besides, following a diet was associated with higher use of nutrition facts and ingredients list (p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study demonstrates that food label users have higher orthorexia tendencies compared to non-users. Of the food label sections, healthy orthorexia showed the strongest association with use of the list of ingredients, while pathological orthorexia showed the strongest association with use of the nutrition facts panel.</p><p><strong>Level of evidence: </strong>Level V, cross-sectional study.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11069476/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140848101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1007/s40519-024-01659-3
Arturo Bevilacqua, Francesca Santini, Daniela La Porta, Silvia Cimino
Purpose
Several studies have investigated the association between anorexia nervosa and polymorphisms of genes regulating serotonin neurotransmission, with a focus on the rs6311 polymorphism of 5-HTR2A. However, inconsistent results of these studies and conflicting conclusions of existing meta-analyses complicate the understanding of a possible association. We have updated these results and evaluated the involvement of other serotonin receptor gene polymorphisms in anorexia nervosa.
Methods
Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we have searched studies on anorexia nervosa and serotonin-regulating genes published from 1997 to 2022, selected those concerning receptor genes and meta-analyzed the results from twenty candidate gene studies on the 5-HTR2A rs6311 polymorphism and the 5-HTR2C rs6318 polymorphism.
Results
Present analyses reveal an association for the 5-HTR2A rs6311 polymorphism, with G and A alleles, across eighteen studies (2049 patients, 2877 controls; A vs. G allele, Odds Ratio = 1.24; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.06–1.47; p = 0.009). However, after geographic subgrouping, an association emerged only in a Southern European area, involving five studies (722 patients, 773 controls; A vs. G allele, Odds Ratio = 1.82; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.41–2.37; p < 0.00001). No association was observed for the 5-HTR2C rs6318 polymorphism across three studies.
Conclusions
To date, the involvement in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa of the 5-HTR2A rs6311 polymorphism appears limited to a specific genetic and/or environmental context, while that of the 5-HTR2C rs6318 polymorphism seems excluded. Genome-wide association studies and epigenetic studies will likely offer deeper insights of genetic and environmental factors possibly contributing to the disorder.
Level of evidence
III Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.
{"title":"Association of serotonin receptor gene polymorphisms with anorexia nervosa: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Arturo Bevilacqua, Francesca Santini, Daniela La Porta, Silvia Cimino","doi":"10.1007/s40519-024-01659-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-024-01659-3","url":null,"abstract":"<h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Purpose</h3><p>Several studies have investigated the association between anorexia nervosa and polymorphisms of genes regulating serotonin neurotransmission, with a focus on the rs6311 polymorphism of <i>5-HTR2A</i>. However, inconsistent results of these studies and conflicting conclusions of existing meta-analyses complicate the understanding of a possible association. We have updated these results and evaluated the involvement of other serotonin receptor gene polymorphisms in anorexia nervosa.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Methods</h3><p>Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, we have searched studies on anorexia nervosa and serotonin-regulating genes published from 1997 to 2022, selected those concerning receptor genes and meta-analyzed the results from twenty candidate gene studies on the <i>5-HTR2A</i> rs6311 polymorphism and the <i>5-HTR2C</i> rs6318 polymorphism.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Results</h3><p>Present analyses reveal an association for the <i>5-HTR2A</i> rs6311 polymorphism, with G and A alleles, across eighteen studies (2049 patients, 2877 controls; A vs. G allele, Odds Ratio = 1.24; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.06–1.47; p = 0.009). However, after geographic subgrouping, an association emerged only in a Southern European area, involving five studies (722 patients, 773 controls; A vs. G allele, Odds Ratio = 1.82; 95% Confidence Interval = 1.41–2.37; p < 0.00001). No association was observed for the <i>5-HTR2C</i> rs6318 polymorphism across three studies<i>.</i></p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Conclusions</h3><p>To date, the involvement in the pathophysiology of anorexia nervosa of the <i>5-HTR2A</i> rs6311 polymorphism appears limited to a specific genetic and/or environmental context, while that of the <i>5-HTR2C</i> rs6318 polymorphism seems excluded. Genome-wide association studies and epigenetic studies will likely offer deeper insights of genetic and environmental factors possibly contributing to the disorder.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Level of evidence</h3><p>III Evidence obtained from well-designed cohort or case–control analytic studies.</p><p><i>Clinical trial registration</i> PROSPERO registration number: CRD42021246122.</p>","PeriodicalId":11391,"journal":{"name":"Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140806288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}