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Optimal study number of stochastic e-learning system 随机电子学习系统的最优学习数
Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2013.052726
S. Nakamura, Keiko Nakayama, T. Nakagawa
This paper forms a stochastic model using access logging data of contents in the e-learning system. If a lecturer could not provide a suitable study support to the learner in the e-learning system, then the learner might drop out of studying the system. However, if a lecturer could provide suitable supports to the learner at planned times, the learner could attain the goal. From such viewpoints, two stochastic problems of a study support system are proposed, and their optimal policies are discussed theoretically and numerically, when the number of acquirement items has Weibull and normal distributions.
本文利用电子学习系统中内容的访问日志数据,建立了一个随机模型。如果讲师不能在电子学习系统中为学习者提供合适的学习支持,那么学习者可能会退出学习系统。然而,如果讲师能在计划的时间为学习者提供适当的支持,学习者就能达到目标。从这一观点出发,提出了学习支持系统的两个随机问题,并从理论上和数值上讨论了在获取项目数量具有威布尔分布和正态分布的情况下,其最优策略。
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引用次数: 0
A method for generating presentation slides based on expression styles using document structure 一种基于使用文档结构的表达式样式生成演示幻灯片的方法
Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2013.052728
Yuanyuan Wang, K. Sumiya
A communication environment in which people use presentation slides to exchange and discuss ideas can be created. Presenters, however, must clearly communicate content for audience understanding. Although most slides generated by conventional methods follow structured document summaries e.g. academic papers, our method has been designed to generate outlines for lecture slides from textbook chapters. We aimed to organise slide layouts from target chapters based on the expression styles of referred slides. Therefore, we analysed level positions of words in the referred slides and arranged words from target chapters to generate slide outlines based on difference in document structure i.e. text structure, slide structure. To achieve this, we extracted differences between tendency of word appearance in chapters and their slides. This method generated slide outlines by using the expression styles of the corresponding words from the target chapters. In this paper, we have also included an evaluation of our method's effectiveness.
可以创建一个人们使用演示幻灯片来交换和讨论想法的交流环境。然而,演讲者必须清楚地传达内容,以便观众理解。虽然传统方法生成的大多数幻灯片都遵循结构化的文档摘要,例如学术论文,但我们的方法旨在从教科书章节中生成讲座幻灯片的大纲。我们的目标是根据参考幻灯片的表达风格来组织目标章节的幻灯片布局。因此,我们分析参考幻灯片中单词的层次位置,并根据文档结构(即文本结构、幻灯片结构)的差异对目标章节中的单词进行排列,生成幻灯片大纲。为了实现这一点,我们提取了章节和幻灯片中单词出现趋势的差异。该方法通过使用目标章节中相应单词的表达风格来生成幻灯片大纲。在本文中,我们还对我们的方法的有效性进行了评估。
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引用次数: 3
Encoding network-constrained travel trajectories using routing algorithms 使用路由算法编码网络约束的旅行轨迹
Pub Date : 2013-03-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2013.052724
Pablo Martinez Lerin, D. Yamamoto, N. Takahashi
This study proposes a generic encoder for network-constrained travel trajectories, and it implements two encoders by combining the proposed generic encoder with two routing algorithms, which reduce the size of a travel trajectory's path along a road network without modifying it. Although most previous trajectory compression methods introduce an error in the spatial component of trajectories to achieve compression, we argue that the path of a travel trajectory, i.e. the sequence of roads travelled, is crucial information for many applications. Experimental results obtained using a large-data set of real travel trajectories show that the two proposed encoders achieve high compression, outperforming a general purpose data compression method.
本文提出了一种网络约束下的出行轨迹通用编码器,并将所提出的通用编码器与两种路由算法相结合,实现了两个编码器,在不修改路网的情况下减小了出行轨迹路径的大小。尽管大多数先前的轨迹压缩方法在轨迹的空间分量中引入了误差来实现压缩,但我们认为旅行轨迹的路径,即行进的道路序列,对于许多应用来说是至关重要的信息。实验结果表明,这两种编码器的压缩效果优于一般的数据压缩方法。
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引用次数: 6
Design and collection of ontological metadata for enhancing interoperability of language resources 本体元数据的设计和收集,以增强语言资源的互操作性
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050852
Shunsuke Kozawa, Hitomi Tohyama, Kiyotaka Uchimoto, S. Matsubara, H. Isahara
This paper describes the design and implementation of a large scale ontological database named SHACHI, storing detailed metadata on language resources (LRs) in Asian and Western countries. SHACHI has been constructed to enhance the interoperability of LRs, that is, to effectively combine LRs, to systematically store LR metadata, to provide a common infrastructure for web services, to investigate languages, tag sets, and formats compiled in LRs, and to ultimately utilise all these factors for more efficient development of LRs. This ontological metadata database, containing more than 2,000 compiled LRs such as corpora, dictionaries, thesauruses and lexicons, has an aspect of an archive of a large scale metadata of LRs, and its website is now open to the public and accessible to all internet users. SHACHI metadata set is an extended version of OLAC metadata set which conforms to Dublin Core metadata element set. This paper first presents the methodologies to systematically store LR metadata and efficiently LR catalogues, and then explains the structure of the ontological metadata database, as well as the realisation of the LR catalogue search tool. The usefulness of the ontology search function has been investigated.
本文介绍了一个名为“SHACHI”的大型本体数据库的设计和实现,该数据库用于存储亚洲和西方国家语言资源的详细元数据。构建SHACHI是为了增强LRs的互操作性,即有效地组合LRs,系统地存储LRs元数据,为web服务提供通用基础设施,研究LRs中编译的语言、标签集和格式,并最终利用所有这些因素来更有效地开发LRs。这个本体论元数据数据库包含2000多个汇编的语料库、词典、同义词典和词典,具有大规模的语料库元数据存档的特点,其网站现已向公众开放,所有互联网用户都可以访问。SHACHI元数据集是OLAC元数据集的扩展版本,符合Dublin Core元数据元素集。本文首先介绍了系统存储LR元数据和高效存储LR目录的方法,然后阐述了本体元数据数据库的结构,以及LR目录检索工具的实现。对本体搜索功能的有效性进行了研究。
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引用次数: 0
Composition method of presentation slides using diagrammatic representation of discourse structure 用话语结构的图解表示的演示幻灯片的合成方法
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050851
Koichi Hanaue, Yusuke Ishiguro, Toyohide Watanabe
This paper presents a method of generating presentation slides automatically from the discourse structure of a presentation. The discourse structure represents semantic relationships among slide components such as texts and images. Although most of the slides generated by conventional methods follow the standard format of bullet lists, our method attempts to generate slides with diagrammatic representation. Our idea is to find the layout templates that are appropriate to express the discourse structure specified by presenters. To achieve this, we introduce the logical structure of slides. The logical structure represents sequential and inclusive relations among the slide components and is used as the precondition of a template. We represent the preconditions for applying a layout template as the logical structure. By comparing the preconditions and the logical structure constructed from the discourse structure, appropriate templates can be applied. Through the case study, we confirmed that our prototype system can generate the slides with diagrammatic representation from a given discourse structure.
本文提出了一种从演讲语篇结构中自动生成演讲幻灯片的方法。语篇结构表示幻灯片中文本和图像等成分之间的语义关系。虽然传统方法生成的大多数幻灯片都遵循项目符号列表的标准格式,但我们的方法试图生成具有图表表示的幻灯片。我们的想法是找到适合表达演讲者指定的话语结构的布局模板。为了实现这一点,我们引入幻灯片的逻辑结构。逻辑结构表示幻灯片组件之间的顺序和包容关系,并用作模板的先决条件。我们将应用布局模板的先决条件表示为逻辑结构。通过比较前置条件和由语篇结构构建的逻辑结构,可以应用适当的模板。通过案例研究,我们证实了我们的原型系统可以从给定的话语结构中生成具有图解表示的幻灯片。
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引用次数: 4
Localised topic information extraction for summarisation using syntactic sequences 基于句法序列的局部主题信息提取
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050853
Paul Villavicencio, Toyohide Watanabe
In order to support the processes of reading digital research articles, we propose a summarisation method focused on using the localised topic information of documents. The objective is to produce summaries containing topics which are detailed in a document rather than those representing a general overview. We obtain the summaries by ranking sentences based on key-terms cooccurring throughout the document structure, and key-terms within the syntactic structure of sentences. Our idea of using the concept of syntactic structures is that authors usually have their own writing styles, represented by grammatical structures. In this paper we present a description of the method along with an evaluation, comparing our method to other existing summarisation methods.
为了支持数字化研究文章的阅读过程,我们提出了一种以利用文档的本地化主题信息为重点的摘要方法。其目的是产生包含在文件中详细说明的主题的摘要,而不是那些代表一般概述的主题。我们根据在整个文档结构中共同出现的关键词和句子句法结构中的关键词对句子进行排序,从而获得摘要。我们使用句法结构概念的想法是,作者通常有自己的写作风格,以语法结构为代表。在本文中,我们提出了该方法的描述以及评估,将我们的方法与其他现有的总结方法进行比较。
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引用次数: 0
Improving users' manipulation and control on WSNs through collaborative sessions 通过协作会话改进用户对无线传感器网络的操作和控制
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050860
L. Peralta, L. D. Brito, J. F. Santos
The resource limitations of wireless sensor nodes foster the collaborative nature of wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Thus, in this paper, we propose a generic model that represents the collaboration relationships that can be established in a WSN, and its implementation. To accomplish this, we approach the different types of collaboration that may occur in any WSN. As a result, we propose a collaboration hierarchy for WSNs. Furthermore, we present the WISE-MANager tool, which is a collaborative sessions' management tool that allows bringing these concepts into practice. The establishment of collaborative sessions, using a test-bed composed by ZigBee-based sensor nodes allows demonstrating that the WISE-MANager tool optimises the WSN's operation and increases the interaction between the user and the network.
无线传感器节点的资源限制促进了无线传感器网络(WSNs)的协作特性。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一个通用模型来表示可以在WSN中建立的协作关系及其实现。为了实现这一点,我们尝试了在任何WSN中可能出现的不同类型的协作。因此,我们提出了wsn的协作层次结构。此外,我们还介绍了WISE-MANager工具,这是一个协作会议的管理工具,可以将这些概念付诸实践。使用基于zigbee的传感器节点组成的试验台建立协作会话,可以证明WISE-MANager工具优化了WSN的运行,并增加了用户与网络之间的交互。
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引用次数: 4
Multi agent system approach for vulnerability analysis of online social network profiles over time 基于多智能体系统的在线社交网络档案脆弱性分析
Pub Date : 2012-12-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050854
Ruqayya Abdulrahman, Sophia Alim, D. Neagu, R. Holton, M. Ridley
Nowadays, we witness a flood of continuously changing information from a variety of web sources. New challenges to track information changes in real time require new methods in web information retrieval using multi agent system (MAS) technology. This research continues previous work on extracting data from online social networks (OSNs) by using an agent in each user profile to monitor its updates, which are sent to a controller agent that saves a history of each user's activity in a local repository, as well as applying a vulnerability measure to users' profiles. An algorithm making use of MAS within the online social network retrieval system (OSNRS) is proposed. Our experiments on data extraction show that using MAS simplifies the process of tracking profile's history and opens the opportunity of understanding the dynamic behaviour of OSN users especially when it is combined with text mining. The application of the vulnerability measure over time highlighted that in the case of this experiment the structure of the node's network, rather than the contents of the node, changed over time. The validation of the vulnerability measure showed that friends of a profile, that disclose their personal details online, may not leak personal details about the profile.
如今,我们见证了来自各种网络来源的不断变化的信息洪流。实时跟踪信息变化带来了新的挑战,这就要求采用多智能体系统(MAS)技术进行网络信息检索。这项研究延续了之前从在线社交网络(osn)中提取数据的工作,方法是在每个用户配置文件中使用代理来监控其更新,这些更新被发送到控制器代理,控制器代理将每个用户的活动历史保存在本地存储库中,并对用户配置文件应用漏洞措施。提出了一种在在线社会网络检索系统(OSNRS)中利用MAS的算法。我们在数据提取方面的实验表明,使用MAS简化了跟踪概要文件历史的过程,并为理解OSN用户的动态行为提供了机会,特别是当它与文本挖掘相结合时。随着时间的推移,漏洞度量的应用突出表明,在本实验的情况下,节点的网络结构,而不是节点的内容,随着时间的推移而变化。漏洞措施的验证表明,在网上披露个人详细信息的个人资料的朋友可能不会泄露有关该资料的个人详细信息。
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引用次数: 5
Knowledge discovery of tourist subjective data in smartphone-based participatory sensing system by interactive growing hierarchical SOM and C4.5 基于交互式增长层次SOM和C4.5的智能手机参与式感知系统中游客主观数据知识发现
Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050283
T. Ichimura, Shin Kamada, Kosuke Kato
A self organising map (SOM) is trained using unsupervised learning to produce a two-dimensional discretised representation of input space of the training cases. Growing hierarchical SOM is an architecture which grows both in a hierarchical way representing the structure of data distribution and in a horizontal way representing the size of each individual maps. The control method of the growing degree by pruning off the redundant branch of hierarchy in SOM has been proposed and the criteria were designed by the adjustment of parameter settings according to a quantisation error and the size of map. Moreover, the interface tool for the proposed method called the interactive GHSOM has been developed. The interactive GHSOM can determine the knowledge of classification from the hierarchy of structure. A smartphone-based tourist participatory sensing system has been developed in Android smartphone. The system can collect tourist subjective data which includes jpeg files with GPS, geographic location name, the evaluation, and comments written in natural language at sightseeing spot. In this paper, we classified the subjective data by interactive GHSOM and extracted the rules by C4.5. After the interactive GHSOM implementation, the structure of the extracted rules became a lucid expression.
使用无监督学习训练自组织映射(SOM),生成训练用例输入空间的二维离散表示。增长分层SOM是一种体系结构,它既以表示数据分布结构的分层方式增长,又以表示每个单独地图大小的水平方式增长。提出了SOM中通过修剪冗余分支来控制生长度的方法,并根据量化误差和地图大小调整参数设置来设计生长度控制准则。此外,还开发了用于该方法的接口工具,称为交互式GHSOM。交互式GHSOM可以从结构层次中确定分类知识。在Android智能手机上开发了基于智能手机的游客参与式感知系统。该系统可以收集游客的主观数据,包括带有GPS、地理位置名称的jpeg文件、景点评价和用自然语言写的评论。本文采用交互式GHSOM对主观数据进行分类,并采用C4.5提取规则。在交互式GHSOM实现后,所提取的规则结构成为一个清晰的表达。
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引用次数: 5
Parallel processing for stepwise generalisation method on multi-core PC cluster 多核PC集群上逐步泛化方法的并行处理
Pub Date : 2012-11-01 DOI: 10.1504/IJKWI.2012.050282
Shinpei Yagi, Keiichi Tamura, H. Kitakami
An approximate query, which is an approximate pattern matching in sequence databases, is one of the most important techniques for many different areas, such as computational biology, text mining, web intelligence and pattern recognition; it returns many similar sub-sequences. In this paper, we refer to a set of such similar sub-sequences as a mismatch cluster. To support users who execute an approximate query on a sequence database to find the regularities of approximate patterns that similar to the query pattern, we have developed the stepwise generalisation method that extracts a reduced expression, called a minimum generalised set, from a mismatch cluster. This paper proposes a novel parallelisation model with a hierarchical task pool for the parallel processing of the stepwise generalisation method on a multi-core PC cluster. To manage tasks efficiently on multi-core CPUs, the proposed model uses the hierarchical task pool and an efficient hierarchical dynamic load balancing technique. We evaluate the proposed method using real protein sequences on an actual multi-core PC cluster. Experimental results confirm that the proposed method performs well on multi-core CPUs and on a multi-core PC cluster.
近似查询是序列数据库中的一种近似模式匹配,是计算生物学、文本挖掘、web智能和模式识别等领域的重要技术之一;它返回许多相似的子序列。在本文中,我们将这些相似子序列的集合称为不匹配聚类。为了支持在序列数据库上执行近似查询的用户找到与查询模式相似的近似模式的规律,我们开发了逐步泛化方法,该方法从不匹配集群中提取一个简化表达式,称为最小泛化集。针对逐步泛化方法在多核PC集群上的并行处理问题,提出了一种基于分层任务池的并行化模型。为了在多核cpu上高效地管理任务,该模型采用了分层任务池和高效的分层动态负载平衡技术。我们在一个实际的多核PC集群上使用真实的蛋白质序列来评估所提出的方法。实验结果证实了该方法在多核cpu和多核PC集群上的良好性能。
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引用次数: 0
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Int. J. Knowl. Web Intell.
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