Impurities found in fish have been a major cause of disease and illness to consumers. This study's objective was to evaluate the total aflatoxin, heavy metal and microbial load in two frozen fish: Scomber scombrus and Clupea harengus from two (2) cold room facilities in Omu-Aran and Ilorin. Heavy metals, aflatoxin and microbial load were investigated using standard methods. Health risk was also determined using health risk index (HRI), daily intake of metals (DIM), and health quotient (HQ), and total toxicity of metals (TTM). Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn and Cr did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in both species from both locations. Nickel was lower than the recommended limit by World Health Organization (WHO). Level of Mn and Cr were higher in both species. Mn load was higher in the muscles of the sampled fish than in the gills from September through to November with highest value of 1.26±0.08 and 1.30±0.12 obtained for S. scombrus and C. harengus. Highest concentrations of all metals was observed in the gills except manganese and copper [Cd = 0.03 (S. scombrus), Cr = 1.22±0.13 (S. scombrus), Ni = 0.025±0.04 (S. scombrus), Pb = 0.06±0.02 (S. scombrus)]. HRI was > 1 in the different age groups for the different metals. TTM was > 1 in both species. Total aflatoxin level was higher in the gills (4.25 – 5) ppb than in the muscle (1.5 - 3) ppb for both locations respectively. Vibrio spp. and non-coliform bacteria were high in both species from both locations. The study concludes that heavy metal loads (Mn, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni) were more than the permitted limitations imposed by FAO, WHO and EU legislation for fish and fish products placing consumers at health risk.
在鱼类中发现的杂质一直是消费者患病的主要原因。本研究的目的是评估来自Omu-Aran和Ilorin两个冷藏室设施的两种冷冻鱼:Scomber scombrus和Clupea harengus的总黄曲霉毒素、重金属和微生物负荷。采用标准方法测定重金属、黄曲霉毒素和微生物负荷。采用健康风险指数(HRI)、每日金属摄入量(DIM)、健康商(HQ)和金属总毒性(TTM)确定健康风险。Cd、Cu、Ni、Pb、Mn和Cr在两个地点的物种间差异不显著(p>0.05)。镍低于世界卫生组织(WHO)的建议限量。两种植物的Mn和Cr含量均较高。9 - 11月，鱼的肌肉锰负荷高于鱼鳃锰负荷，黑鲈和棘鱼的锰负荷最高，分别为1.26±0.08和1.30±0.12。除锰和铜外，其余金属在鳃中的浓度均最高[Cd = 0.03 (S. scombrus)， Cr = 1.22±0.13 (S. scombrus)， Ni = 0.025±0.04 (S. scombrus)， Pb = 0.06±0.02 (S. scombrus)]。HRI为>1 .在不同的年龄组中使用不同的金属。TTM是>在两个种中都有1。鳃中黄曲霉毒素总含量(4.25 ~ 5)ppb高于肌肉(1.5 ~ 3)ppb。弧菌属和非大肠菌群细菌在两个地点的两个物种中含量都很高。研究得出的结论是，重金属负荷(锰、镉、铜、铬和镍)超过了粮农组织、世卫组织和欧盟立法对鱼类和鱼类产品规定的允许限制，使消费者面临健康风险。
{"title":"Aflatoxin, bacterial and heavy metal load in Scomber scombrus and Clupea harengus from two selected coldroom facilities in Kwara State, Nigeria","authors":"Oghenebrorhie Mavis Oghenochuko, Rachael Oluwatosin Kolawole, Olasunkanmi Peter Olajide, Adeyinka Olamide Agbato","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.07","url":null,"abstract":"Impurities found in fish have been a major cause of disease and illness to consumers. This study's objective was to evaluate the total aflatoxin, heavy metal and microbial load in two frozen fish: Scomber scombrus and Clupea harengus from two (2) cold room facilities in Omu-Aran and Ilorin. Heavy metals, aflatoxin and microbial load were investigated using standard methods. Health risk was also determined using health risk index (HRI), daily intake of metals (DIM), and health quotient (HQ), and total toxicity of metals (TTM). Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Mn and Cr did not differ significantly (p>0.05) in both species from both locations. Nickel was lower than the recommended limit by World Health Organization (WHO). Level of Mn and Cr were higher in both species. Mn load was higher in the muscles of the sampled fish than in the gills from September through to November with highest value of 1.26±0.08 and 1.30±0.12 obtained for S. scombrus and C. harengus. Highest concentrations of all metals was observed in the gills except manganese and copper [Cd = 0.03 (S. scombrus), Cr = 1.22±0.13 (S. scombrus), Ni = 0.025±0.04 (S. scombrus), Pb = 0.06±0.02 (S. scombrus)]. HRI was > 1 in the different age groups for the different metals. TTM was > 1 in both species. Total aflatoxin level was higher in the gills (4.25 – 5) ppb than in the muscle (1.5 - 3) ppb for both locations respectively. Vibrio spp. and non-coliform bacteria were high in both species from both locations. The study concludes that heavy metal loads (Mn, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Ni) were more than the permitted limitations imposed by FAO, WHO and EU legislation for fish and fish products placing consumers at health risk.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09
Serap Pulatsü, Dijar Latifi
The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks arising from potential exposure to heavy metals pose a negative threat to human health. In this study, heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn) analyses were conducted in the waters of four creeks in the Mogan Lake Basin (Sukesen Creek, Başpınar Creek, Yavrucak Creek, Gölcük Creek) under anthropogenic pressure. In the water samples taken from the creeks that also contribute to Mogan Lake, which has significant recreational importance in the basin: a) The non-carcinogenic health risks (HQ) of exposure to heavy metals through ingestion and dermal routes were identified for adults and children, b) The total potential non-carcinogenic health risks for adults and children were determined using the hazard index (HI). The total HI (THI) value was calculated as the sum of individual HIs (HIingestion + HIdermal), c) Carcinogenic health risk (CR) values were calculated for three heavy metals (Cr, Ni and As). According to the findings: a) Ingestion HQ values were found to be higher in adults and children due to As compared to dermal HQ values. According to the HI values, there was a high level of non-carcinogenic health risk in terms of heavy metals in Sukesen, Başpınar, and Gölcük Creeks, varying according to the month and age group. However, for Yavrucak Creek, there has not been appeared to be a non-carcinogenic health risk for adults and children, b) According to the calculated HQdermal and HIdermal values, there was no significant adverse health risk due to dermal exposure for adults and children, c) Children hazard index values were found to be higher than adult hazard index values, highlighting that children were at higher health risk most particularly when it comes to the considered heavy metals, d) The THI values for Sukesen and Başpınar Creeks indicated a significant non-carcinogenic health risk possibility for both adults and children in all sampled months. In Gölcük Creek, a serious non-carcinogenic health risk probability was observed for adults in April and for children during the sampling period, e) The calculated CR values for chromium, nickel, and arsenic indicated that the ingestion pathway poses a higher risk compared to the dermal route, expressing the likelihood of cancer incidence in adults and children. In the context of potential health hazards, to take administrative measures regarding heavy metal contamination, particularly in Başpınar and Sukesen Creeks, is important not only for the protection of public health but also for the sustainability of Mogan Lake.
{"title":"Evaluation of health risks from heavy metals in the creeks feeding Mogan Lake, Türkiye","authors":"Serap Pulatsü, Dijar Latifi","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.09","url":null,"abstract":"The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks arising from potential exposure to heavy metals pose a negative threat to human health. In this study, heavy metals (Hg, As, Cd, Cr, Pb, Ni, Cu, Zn) analyses were conducted in the waters of four creeks in the Mogan Lake Basin (Sukesen Creek, Başpınar Creek, Yavrucak Creek, Gölcük Creek) under anthropogenic pressure. In the water samples taken from the creeks that also contribute to Mogan Lake, which has significant recreational importance in the basin: a) The non-carcinogenic health risks (HQ) of exposure to heavy metals through ingestion and dermal routes were identified for adults and children, b) The total potential non-carcinogenic health risks for adults and children were determined using the hazard index (HI). The total HI (THI) value was calculated as the sum of individual HIs (HIingestion + HIdermal), c) Carcinogenic health risk (CR) values were calculated for three heavy metals (Cr, Ni and As). According to the findings: a) Ingestion HQ values were found to be higher in adults and children due to As compared to dermal HQ values. According to the HI values, there was a high level of non-carcinogenic health risk in terms of heavy metals in Sukesen, Başpınar, and Gölcük Creeks, varying according to the month and age group. However, for Yavrucak Creek, there has not been appeared to be a non-carcinogenic health risk for adults and children, b) According to the calculated HQdermal and HIdermal values, there was no significant adverse health risk due to dermal exposure for adults and children, c) Children hazard index values were found to be higher than adult hazard index values, highlighting that children were at higher health risk most particularly when it comes to the considered heavy metals, d) The THI values for Sukesen and Başpınar Creeks indicated a significant non-carcinogenic health risk possibility for both adults and children in all sampled months. In Gölcük Creek, a serious non-carcinogenic health risk probability was observed for adults in April and for children during the sampling period, e) The calculated CR values for chromium, nickel, and arsenic indicated that the ingestion pathway poses a higher risk compared to the dermal route, expressing the likelihood of cancer incidence in adults and children. In the context of potential health hazards, to take administrative measures regarding heavy metal contamination, particularly in Başpınar and Sukesen Creeks, is important not only for the protection of public health but also for the sustainability of Mogan Lake.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.03
Muammer Kırıcı, Nurgül Şen Özdemir, Fatma Caf, Mustafa Koyun
In this study, seasonal variations of antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in gill, kidney, muscle and liver tissues of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) caught from Göynük Stream, one of the most important branch of Murat River, were investigated. Fish samples were caught from two stations (Garip and Ilıcalar), which are determined regularly every month, and brought to the laboratory. The levels of biomarkers in tissues were determined by spectrophotometric methods. It was determined that the difference between the parameters in the studied tissues was statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the two stations, but the difference between the stations in the liver tissue in all seasons in GR enzyme was not statistically significant. However, it was determined that the differences between the seasons were significant in both stations. GR and G6PD enzyme activities were found to be lower than other enzyme activities among the enzyme groups studied, but CAT and SOD enzyme activities were found to be higher than the other enzymes., enzyme activities in muscle tissue are lower than activities in the other tissues among tissues.
{"title":"Seasonal changes in antioxidant enzyme activities of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) in Göynük Stream (Bingöl, Türkiye)","authors":"Muammer Kırıcı, Nurgül Şen Özdemir, Fatma Caf, Mustafa Koyun","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.03","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, seasonal variations of antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in gill, kidney, muscle and liver tissues of Garra rufa (Heckel, 1843) caught from Göynük Stream, one of the most important branch of Murat River, were investigated. Fish samples were caught from two stations (Garip and Ilıcalar), which are determined regularly every month, and brought to the laboratory. The levels of biomarkers in tissues were determined by spectrophotometric methods. It was determined that the difference between the parameters in the studied tissues was statistically significant (P < 0.05) between the two stations, but the difference between the stations in the liver tissue in all seasons in GR enzyme was not statistically significant. However, it was determined that the differences between the seasons were significant in both stations. GR and G6PD enzyme activities were found to be lower than other enzyme activities among the enzyme groups studied, but CAT and SOD enzyme activities were found to be higher than the other enzymes., enzyme activities in muscle tissue are lower than activities in the other tissues among tissues.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.01
Murat Yeşiltaş, Mehmet Ali Turan Koçer, Hüseyin Sevgili, Edis Koru
Aquaponics are promising and sustainable technologies consisting of fish-plant-bacteria consortia in the same system, thereby providing an environmentally friendly system by recycling water and nutrients. This study was planned to investigate the influence of varying hydraulic loading rates (HLR) on the growth of basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L. ‘Genovese’) in a low-cost of electricity nutrient film technique aquaponics (NFT) integrated with African catfish (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)) under the Eastern Mediterranean climate conditions, Antalya, Türkiye. The hydraulic loading rates tested in plant-growing troughs 2, 4, 8, and 12 m3/m2/day. African catfish showed an excellent feed conversion ratio (0.695) over the experiment. There was no statistically significant difference in plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter for basil plants, but a statistically significant difference was found in plant weight and leaf area. The best plant weight gain was observed in the 4 m3/m2/day group with 23.0±2.5 g mean weight. The optimum HLR for basil production was estimated as 4.41 m3/m2/day based on yield (kg/m2) and energy consumption (KWh/kg basil) in a basil-African catfish integrated NFT aquaponics. The optimum HLR can maximize production without further increase of energy expenditure. Higher HLRs of 4.41 increase energy cost per unit of basil production.
{"title":"Effect of different hydraulic loading rates on growth of basil (Ocimum basilicum L. ‘Genovese’) in nutrient film technique aquaponics","authors":"Murat Yeşiltaş, Mehmet Ali Turan Koçer, Hüseyin Sevgili, Edis Koru","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.01","url":null,"abstract":"Aquaponics are promising and sustainable technologies consisting of fish-plant-bacteria consortia in the same system, thereby providing an environmentally friendly system by recycling water and nutrients. This study was planned to investigate the influence of varying hydraulic loading rates (HLR) on the growth of basil plant (Ocimum basilicum L. ‘Genovese’) in a low-cost of electricity nutrient film technique aquaponics (NFT) integrated with African catfish (Clarias gariepinus (Burchell)) under the Eastern Mediterranean climate conditions, Antalya, Türkiye. The hydraulic loading rates tested in plant-growing troughs 2, 4, 8, and 12 m3/m2/day. African catfish showed an excellent feed conversion ratio (0.695) over the experiment. There was no statistically significant difference in plant height, number of leaves, and stem diameter for basil plants, but a statistically significant difference was found in plant weight and leaf area. The best plant weight gain was observed in the 4 m3/m2/day group with 23.0±2.5 g mean weight. The optimum HLR for basil production was estimated as 4.41 m3/m2/day based on yield (kg/m2) and energy consumption (KWh/kg basil) in a basil-African catfish integrated NFT aquaponics. The optimum HLR can maximize production without further increase of energy expenditure. Higher HLRs of 4.41 increase energy cost per unit of basil production.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to investigate the effects of baking and pan-frying methods on the lipid quality and mercury (Hg) levels of two important fish species in Türkiye, namely, fileted sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The results revealed that sardines significantly decreased n-3 fatty acids depending on the cooking process, while the best n-6/n-3 ratio was observed in baked sardines, with higher rates found in pan-fried fish. Notably, pan-fried rainbow trout cooked with butter showed the highest atherogenic index (AI) of 0.71±0.32 and thrombogenic index (TI) of 0.61±1.43, as well as a hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index (HH) of 0.79 ± 0.17. Conversely, fried sardines exhibited lower atherogenic and thrombogenic scores, with fried sardines cooked in sunflower oil having a hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index of 4.85 ± 0.3. There were no significant variations in Hg content between raw and cooked fish. However, when compared to the raw control, the rise in Hg content for baked fish was substantial (p < 0.05) (baked rainbow trout 0.18 mg/kg and sardine 0.29 mg/kg). The decrease in FAs (Fatty Acids) due to cooking methods can be ordered as follows: Raw sardine > baked > fried. Conversely, the increase in FAs due to the cooking methods can be ordered as follows: fried > baked > raw sardine. Baked rainbow trout had much lower levels of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and myristic acid than the raw material. However, these levels were significantly increased in rainbow trout cooked in a frying pan. Additionally, oleic acid levels in fried rainbow trout were detected to be lower than in other preparations, whereas they were equivalent in baked rainbow trout.
{"title":"Determination of lipid quality and mercury levels of sardine and rainbow trout cooked with different methods","authors":"Şükran Çaklı, Nida Demirtaş Erol, Evren Burcu Şen Yılmaz, Pınar Baldemir, Atilla Çaklı","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.04","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the effects of baking and pan-frying methods on the lipid quality and mercury (Hg) levels of two important fish species in Türkiye, namely, fileted sardine (Sardina pilchardus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The results revealed that sardines significantly decreased n-3 fatty acids depending on the cooking process, while the best n-6/n-3 ratio was observed in baked sardines, with higher rates found in pan-fried fish. Notably, pan-fried rainbow trout cooked with butter showed the highest atherogenic index (AI) of 0.71±0.32 and thrombogenic index (TI) of 0.61±1.43, as well as a hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index (HH) of 0.79 ± 0.17. Conversely, fried sardines exhibited lower atherogenic and thrombogenic scores, with fried sardines cooked in sunflower oil having a hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic index of 4.85 ± 0.3. There were no significant variations in Hg content between raw and cooked fish. However, when compared to the raw control, the rise in Hg content for baked fish was substantial (p < 0.05) (baked rainbow trout 0.18 mg/kg and sardine 0.29 mg/kg). The decrease in FAs (Fatty Acids) due to cooking methods can be ordered as follows: Raw sardine > baked > fried. Conversely, the increase in FAs due to the cooking methods can be ordered as follows: fried > baked > raw sardine. Baked rainbow trout had much lower levels of palmitic acid, stearic acid, and myristic acid than the raw material. However, these levels were significantly increased in rainbow trout cooked in a frying pan. Additionally, oleic acid levels in fried rainbow trout were detected to be lower than in other preparations, whereas they were equivalent in baked rainbow trout.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.10
Aysu Besler, Berna Kılınç
Healthy and safe food production is an important issue for processing plants that export internationally. With cleaning and disinfection, the number of bacteria that can contaminate fish by coming from various sources at every stage of the processing plant is kept to a minimum. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effective concentrations of different disinfectants on the bacterial strains forming the resident microflora of the fish processing plant. In the study, the effectiveness of 4 different disinfectants (chlorine, quaternary ammonium compounds, gluteraldehyde and hydrogen peroxide) was termined on bacteria isolated from different parts of the fish processing plant. The antimicrobial efficacy of different disinfectant concentrations was determined by the Quantitative Suspension Assay. In our study, it was determined that all disinfectants were effective on bacteria isolated at 2% concentration. It was determined that chlorine compounds did not show bactericidal activity at low concentrations (0.5%, 1%) on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates. The effectiveness of quaternary ammonium-based disinfectants on all isolates and hydrogen peroxide compounds on P. fluorescens at all concentrations was determined.
{"title":"An investigation of the efficacy of different disinfectants on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolated from fish processing plant","authors":"Aysu Besler, Berna Kılınç","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.10","url":null,"abstract":"Healthy and safe food production is an important issue for processing plants that export internationally. With cleaning and disinfection, the number of bacteria that can contaminate fish by coming from various sources at every stage of the processing plant is kept to a minimum. In this study, it was aimed to determine the effective concentrations of different disinfectants on the bacterial strains forming the resident microflora of the fish processing plant. In the study, the effectiveness of 4 different disinfectants (chlorine, quaternary ammonium compounds, gluteraldehyde and hydrogen peroxide) was termined on bacteria isolated from different parts of the fish processing plant. The antimicrobial efficacy of different disinfectant concentrations was determined by the Quantitative Suspension Assay. In our study, it was determined that all disinfectants were effective on bacteria isolated at 2% concentration. It was determined that chlorine compounds did not show bactericidal activity at low concentrations (0.5%, 1%) on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates. The effectiveness of quaternary ammonium-based disinfectants on all isolates and hydrogen peroxide compounds on P. fluorescens at all concentrations was determined.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.08
Yigit Egüz, Meltem Boyacıoğlu
İzmir Bay is one of the most important ecosystems of Aegean Region. Impacts of environmental pollution in the aquatic environments, especially impacts of pollution with mutagenic and carcinogenic substances on human health is an important area of research. Thus, it is required to incorporate short-term biological research methods to the molecular chemical analysis methods. By means of Ames’s assay, it is possible to determine mutagenic potential of several chemicals, environmental pollutants, sediments, and waste waters. After the treatment facility was established in İzmir Bay in 2000, no mutagenicity studies were carried out in the sediment. Ames’s mutagenicity assay without S9 fraction using TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium was done at four different concentrations (125 μg, 250 μg, 375 μg, and 500 μg) in the sediment samples from six stations on İzmir Inner Bay in order to detect presence of chemicals that may cause mutagenic effects. Based on the results of Ames’s assay, it was found that especially Turan Area (Station 3, on which shipyard is located) among 6 stations on İzmir Bay was under mutagenic and toxic effect and Bostanlı Area (Station 6) was under intense toxic effect. Turan Area was under the influence of environmental pollutants that may cause frameshift mutations. According to the present study, İzmir Inner Bay was contaminated by mutagenic and toxic substances.
{"title":"A mutagenicity investigation of sediment from İzmir Inner Bay using Ames genotoxicity assay","authors":"Yigit Egüz, Meltem Boyacıoğlu","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.08","url":null,"abstract":"İzmir Bay is one of the most important ecosystems of Aegean Region. Impacts of environmental pollution in the aquatic environments, especially impacts of pollution with mutagenic and carcinogenic substances on human health is an important area of research. Thus, it is required to incorporate short-term biological research methods to the molecular chemical analysis methods. By means of Ames’s assay, it is possible to determine mutagenic potential of several chemicals, environmental pollutants, sediments, and waste waters. After the treatment facility was established in İzmir Bay in 2000, no mutagenicity studies were carried out in the sediment. Ames’s mutagenicity assay without S9 fraction using TA98 and TA100 strains of Salmonella typhimurium was done at four different concentrations (125 μg, 250 μg, 375 μg, and 500 μg) in the sediment samples from six stations on İzmir Inner Bay in order to detect presence of chemicals that may cause mutagenic effects. Based on the results of Ames’s assay, it was found that especially Turan Area (Station 3, on which shipyard is located) among 6 stations on İzmir Bay was under mutagenic and toxic effect and Bostanlı Area (Station 6) was under intense toxic effect. Turan Area was under the influence of environmental pollutants that may cause frameshift mutations. According to the present study, İzmir Inner Bay was contaminated by mutagenic and toxic substances.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135394660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.02
Osman Tolga Özel, Eyüp Çakmak, Ekrem Cem Çankırılıgil, Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş, Recayi Çimagil, Esin Batır
The aim of this study was to determine the individual first maturation age diversity in hatchery-originated F6 generation of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax) broodstock created by applying for a selective breeding program. Research was carried out in freshwater ponds and marine net cage systems between 2018-2021. In the study, 136, 87 and 3 individuals from the broodstocks that reached the first sexual maturity at the age of 22, 34 and 46 months were used, respectively. Total egg production, relative egg production, egg diameter and fertilization rates were determined at the first stripping of broodstock that reached sexual maturity at different ages. The first gonadal development controls and stripping studies were carried out in the period of 2018-2019 for 22 months old broodstock, 2019-2020 for 34 months old and 2020-2021 for 46 months old. Total fecundity of 22, 34 and 46 months old broodstocks that were stripped, were calculated at 1108.98±40.73, 3869.02±138.43 and 5899.52±1143.78 egg/kg broodstock, relative fecundity was 3024.87±87.52, 2291.90±89.52 and 1816.00±284.51 egg/kg broodstock, egg diameters were 4.40±0.01, 5.07±0.02 and 5.35±0.09 mm and fertilization rates were determined as 92.21±0.87%, 95.69±1.65% and 89.83±2.77%, respectively. The condition factor values of the rootstocks were determined as 1.05±0.02 (22 months old), 1.09±0.01 (34 months old) and 1.08±0.03 (46 months old). In the broodstock, individuals with a first maturation age of 22 months have predominantly red spots with a white halo around the perimeter, silvery coloration with black spots at 34 months of age, and silvery coloration with black spots at 46 months of age were detected. While enterprises that reared Black Sea salmon in freshwater and have restaurants prefer the red-spotted river ecotype for production, enterprises that produce in marine net cages prefer the black-spotted-silver-colored marine ecotype, whose body coloration is similar to Atlantic salmon.
{"title":"Comparison of reproductive performance of Black Sea salmon broodstock (Salmo labrax PALLAS, 1814) reaching first sexual maturity at different ages","authors":"Osman Tolga Özel, Eyüp Çakmak, Ekrem Cem Çankırılıgil, Zehra Duygu Düzgüneş, Recayi Çimagil, Esin Batır","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.02","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to determine the individual first maturation age diversity in hatchery-originated F6 generation of Black Sea salmon (Salmo labrax) broodstock created by applying for a selective breeding program. Research was carried out in freshwater ponds and marine net cage systems between 2018-2021. In the study, 136, 87 and 3 individuals from the broodstocks that reached the first sexual maturity at the age of 22, 34 and 46 months were used, respectively. Total egg production, relative egg production, egg diameter and fertilization rates were determined at the first stripping of broodstock that reached sexual maturity at different ages. The first gonadal development controls and stripping studies were carried out in the period of 2018-2019 for 22 months old broodstock, 2019-2020 for 34 months old and 2020-2021 for 46 months old. Total fecundity of 22, 34 and 46 months old broodstocks that were stripped, were calculated at 1108.98±40.73, 3869.02±138.43 and 5899.52±1143.78 egg/kg broodstock, relative fecundity was 3024.87±87.52, 2291.90±89.52 and 1816.00±284.51 egg/kg broodstock, egg diameters were 4.40±0.01, 5.07±0.02 and 5.35±0.09 mm and fertilization rates were determined as 92.21±0.87%, 95.69±1.65% and 89.83±2.77%, respectively. The condition factor values of the rootstocks were determined as 1.05±0.02 (22 months old), 1.09±0.01 (34 months old) and 1.08±0.03 (46 months old). In the broodstock, individuals with a first maturation age of 22 months have predominantly red spots with a white halo around the perimeter, silvery coloration with black spots at 34 months of age, and silvery coloration with black spots at 46 months of age were detected. While enterprises that reared Black Sea salmon in freshwater and have restaurants prefer the red-spotted river ecotype for production, enterprises that produce in marine net cages prefer the black-spotted-silver-colored marine ecotype, whose body coloration is similar to Atlantic salmon.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.03.05
Alp Salman, Sencer Akalın, Aydın Ünlüoğlu, Coşkun Menderes Aydın
The cephalopod species observed in this study were caught during two concurrent projects on the demersal fisheries resources conducted along the coasts of Türkiye in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. The samples were collected by a bottom trawl at depths ranging from 50 to 800 meters, following the guidelines set by MEDITS (International Bottom Trawl Survey in the Mediterranean). Through the study, a total of 22 cephalopod species were determined. Among them, Heteroteuthis dispar (Rüppell, 1844), Chiroteuthis veranii (A. Férussac, 1834), Onychoteuthis banksii (Leach, 1817), Octopus salutii Vérany, 1839 are being reported first time in the Mediterranean coasts of Türkiye.
{"title":"A checklist and some new records on the teuthofauna of Türkiye in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea","authors":"Alp Salman, Sencer Akalın, Aydın Ünlüoğlu, Coşkun Menderes Aydın","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.03.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.03.05","url":null,"abstract":"The cephalopod species observed in this study were caught during two concurrent projects on the demersal fisheries resources conducted along the coasts of Türkiye in the Northeastern Mediterranean Sea. The samples were collected by a bottom trawl at depths ranging from 50 to 800 meters, following the guidelines set by MEDITS (International Bottom Trawl Survey in the Mediterranean). Through the study, a total of 22 cephalopod species were determined. Among them, Heteroteuthis dispar (Rüppell, 1844), Chiroteuthis veranii (A. Férussac, 1834), Onychoteuthis banksii (Leach, 1817), Octopus salutii Vérany, 1839 are being reported first time in the Mediterranean coasts of Türkiye.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135393540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.12714/egejfas.40.3.06
Melek Özpiçak, Semra Saygın
It was aimed to investigate sagittal otolith mass asymmetry Sardina pilchardus sampled from Aegean, Marmara and Mediterranean seas of Türkiye in present study. In this study, differences between right and left otoliths were statistically significant for Marmara and Mediterranean seas (P<0.05) not significant for Aegean Sea, (P˃0.05). The mean values of otolith mass asymmetry (X) were found between 0.0393 and 0.0144 according to Aegean Sea, Marmara Sea and Mediterranean Sea, respectively. In addition, absolute mass asymmetry │X│ were calculated as 0.03226±0.00514, 0.02057±0.00439 and, 0.05141±0.00755 for S. pilchardus samples according to Aegean Sea, Marmara Sea and Mediterranean Sea, respectively. The present study showed that the otolith mass asymmetry in S.pilchardus does not depend on fish length and otolith growth. Also, when there were no significant differences between localities for otolith mass asymmetry (P˃0.05), there were significant differences for absolute otolith mass (P˂0.05). The value of the otolith mass asymmetry can reveal information about pollutants such heavy metals, pesticides, stressors, and changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of water in relation to the environment of fishes. This is the first study about otolith mass in three stocks of S. pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) from Türkiye.
{"title":"Investigation of otolith mass asymmetry in three stocks of European sardine, Sardina pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) from Türkiye","authors":"Melek Özpiçak, Semra Saygın","doi":"10.12714/egejfas.40.3.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12714/egejfas.40.3.06","url":null,"abstract":"It was aimed to investigate sagittal otolith mass asymmetry Sardina pilchardus sampled from Aegean, Marmara and Mediterranean seas of Türkiye in present study. In this study, differences between right and left otoliths were statistically significant for Marmara and Mediterranean seas (P<0.05) not significant for Aegean Sea, (P˃0.05). The mean values of otolith mass asymmetry (X) were found between 0.0393 and 0.0144 according to Aegean Sea, Marmara Sea and Mediterranean Sea, respectively. In addition, absolute mass asymmetry │X│ were calculated as 0.03226±0.00514, 0.02057±0.00439 and, 0.05141±0.00755 for S. pilchardus samples according to Aegean Sea, Marmara Sea and Mediterranean Sea, respectively. The present study showed that the otolith mass asymmetry in S.pilchardus does not depend on fish length and otolith growth. Also, when there were no significant differences between localities for otolith mass asymmetry (P˃0.05), there were significant differences for absolute otolith mass (P˂0.05). The value of the otolith mass asymmetry can reveal information about pollutants such heavy metals, pesticides, stressors, and changes in the physico-chemical characteristics of water in relation to the environment of fishes. This is the first study about otolith mass in three stocks of S. pilchardus (Walbaum, 1792) from Türkiye.","PeriodicalId":11439,"journal":{"name":"Ege Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135397073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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