Pub Date : 2022-11-01eCollection Date: 2022-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cjcpc.2022.10.007
Jonathan P Wong, Kyle Runeckles, Cedric Manlhiot, Sunita O'Shea, Tanveer Collins, Bailey Bernknopf, Pedrom Farid, Nita Chahal, Brian W McCrindle
Background: For patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), lower socioeconomic status (SES) may adversely affect the timeliness of presentation and initiation of intravenous immune globulin, and coronary artery outcomes. Multipayer systems have been shown to affect health care equity and access to health care negatively. We sought to determine the association of SES with KD outcomes in a single-payer health care system.
Methods: Patients with KD presenting from 2007 to 2017 at a single institution were included. SES data were obtained by matching patient postal code district with data from the 2016 Census Canada.
Results: SES data were linked for 1018 patients. The proportion of households living below the after-tax low-income cutoff in the patient's postal code district was 13% for not treated, 13% for delayed intravenous immune globulin treatment, and 12% for prompt treatment (P = 0.58). Likewise, the average median annual household income was unrelated to delayed or no treatment. The percentage >15 years of age with advanced education differed between groups at 33%, 29%, and 31% for delayed treatment, prompt treatment, and missed groups, respectively (P = 0.004). SES variables were not significantly different for those with vs without coronary artery aneurysms (max Z-score: >2.5), including the proportion of households living below low-income cutoff (12% vs 13%; P = 0.37), average median annual household income (CAD$81,220 vs $82,055; P = 0.78), and proportion with a university degree (33% vs 31%; P = 0.49), even after adjusting for sex, age, year, and KD type.
Conclusions: Timeliness of treatment for KD and coronary artery outcomes were not associated with SES variables within a single-payer health care system.
{"title":"Socioeconomic Status and Kawasaki Disease Outcomes in a Single-Payer Health Care System.","authors":"Jonathan P Wong, Kyle Runeckles, Cedric Manlhiot, Sunita O'Shea, Tanveer Collins, Bailey Bernknopf, Pedrom Farid, Nita Chahal, Brian W McCrindle","doi":"10.1016/j.cjcpc.2022.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cjcpc.2022.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with Kawasaki disease (KD), lower socioeconomic status (SES) may adversely affect the timeliness of presentation and initiation of intravenous immune globulin, and coronary artery outcomes. Multipayer systems have been shown to affect health care equity and access to health care negatively. We sought to determine the association of SES with KD outcomes in a single-payer health care system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with KD presenting from 2007 to 2017 at a single institution were included. SES data were obtained by matching patient postal code district with data from the 2016 Census Canada.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SES data were linked for 1018 patients. The proportion of households living below the after-tax low-income cutoff in the patient's postal code district was 13% for not treated, 13% for delayed intravenous immune globulin treatment, and 12% for prompt treatment (<i>P</i> = 0.58). Likewise, the average median annual household income was unrelated to delayed or no treatment. The percentage >15 years of age with advanced education differed between groups at 33%, 29%, and 31% for delayed treatment, prompt treatment, and missed groups, respectively (<i>P</i> = 0.004). SES variables were not significantly different for those with vs without coronary artery aneurysms (max Z-score: >2.5), including the proportion of households living below low-income cutoff (12% vs 13%; <i>P</i> = 0.37), average median annual household income (CAD$81,220 vs $82,055; <i>P</i> = 0.78), and proportion with a university degree (33% vs 31%; <i>P</i> = 0.49), even after adjusting for sex, age, year, and KD type.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Timeliness of treatment for KD and coronary artery outcomes were not associated with SES variables within a single-payer health care system.</p>","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":"61 1","pages":"248-252"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642103/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88083758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Leadership is not expected solely of managers. At any stage of their career, nurses are expected to be able to demonstrate leadership in their day-to-day role. However, newly qualified nurses, who often experience a challenging transition from nursing student to registered nurse, may lack the confidence to demonstrate leadership. Nurse managers can support junior nurses to develop their leadership skills, notably through training, mentoring, reflection and action learning. By guiding newly qualified nurses in the use of different leadership approaches, experienced nurses can contribute to enhancing the quality of patient care. This article discusses how nurse managers can support newly qualified nurses to develop their leadership skills.
{"title":"Supporting newly qualified nurses to develop their leadership skills.","authors":"Debbie Rainey, Catherine Monaghan","doi":"10.7748/nm.2022.e2031","DOIUrl":"10.7748/nm.2022.e2031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leadership is not expected solely of managers. At any stage of their career, nurses are expected to be able to demonstrate leadership in their day-to-day role. However, newly qualified nurses, who often experience a challenging transition from nursing student to registered nurse, may lack the confidence to demonstrate leadership. Nurse managers can support junior nurses to develop their leadership skills, notably through training, mentoring, reflection and action learning. By guiding newly qualified nurses in the use of different leadership approaches, experienced nurses can contribute to enhancing the quality of patient care. This article discusses how nurse managers can support newly qualified nurses to develop their leadership skills.</p>","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":"8 1","pages":"34-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88216134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-23DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.22.485401
Alexandra Suberi, Molly K Grun, Tianyang Mao, Benjamin Israelow, Melanie Reschke, Julian Grundler, Laiba Akhtar, Teresa Lee, Kwangsoo Shin, Alexandra S Piotrowski-Daspit, Robert J Homer, Akiko Iwasaki, Hee Won Suh, W Mark Saltzman
An inhalable platform for mRNA therapeutics would enable minimally invasive and lung targeted delivery for a host of pulmonary diseases. Development of lung targeted mRNA therapeutics has been limited by poor transfection efficiency and risk of vehicle-induced pathology. Here we report an inhalable polymer-based vehicle for delivery of therapeutic mRNAs to the lung. We optimized biodegradable poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes for mRNA delivery using end group modifications and polyethylene glycol. Our polyplexes achieved high transfection of mRNA throughout the lung, particularly in epithelial and antigen-presenting cells. We applied this technology to develop a mucosal vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. Intranasal vaccination with spike protein mRNA polyplexes induced potent cellular and humoral adaptive immunity and protected K18-hACE2 mice from lethal viral challenge.
One-sentence summary: Inhaled polymer nanoparticles (NPs) achieve high mRNA expression in the lung and induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
{"title":"Inhalable polymer nanoparticles for versatile mRNA delivery and mucosal vaccination.","authors":"Alexandra Suberi, Molly K Grun, Tianyang Mao, Benjamin Israelow, Melanie Reschke, Julian Grundler, Laiba Akhtar, Teresa Lee, Kwangsoo Shin, Alexandra S Piotrowski-Daspit, Robert J Homer, Akiko Iwasaki, Hee Won Suh, W Mark Saltzman","doi":"10.1101/2022.03.22.485401","DOIUrl":"10.1101/2022.03.22.485401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An inhalable platform for mRNA therapeutics would enable minimally invasive and lung targeted delivery for a host of pulmonary diseases. Development of lung targeted mRNA therapeutics has been limited by poor transfection efficiency and risk of vehicle-induced pathology. Here we report an inhalable polymer-based vehicle for delivery of therapeutic mRNAs to the lung. We optimized biodegradable poly(amine-co-ester) polyplexes for mRNA delivery using end group modifications and polyethylene glycol. Our polyplexes achieved high transfection of mRNA throughout the lung, particularly in epithelial and antigen-presenting cells. We applied this technology to develop a mucosal vaccine for SARS-CoV-2. Intranasal vaccination with spike protein mRNA polyplexes induced potent cellular and humoral adaptive immunity and protected K18-hACE2 mice from lethal viral challenge.</p><p><strong>One-sentence summary: </strong>Inhaled polymer nanoparticles (NPs) achieve high mRNA expression in the lung and induce protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8963702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88068112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2021-0042
Javier Parcet, Éric Ricard, Mikael de la Salle
We establish precise regularity conditions for Lp-boundedness of Fourier multipliers in the group algebra of SLn(R). Our main result is inspired by Hörmander-Mikhlin criterion from classical harmonic analysis, although it is substantially and necessarily different. Locally, we get sharp growth rates of Lie derivatives around the singularity and nearly optimal regularity order. The asymptotics also match Mikhlin formula for a exponentially growing metric with respect to the word length. Additional decay comes imposed by this growth and Mikhlin condition for high order terms. Lafforgue/de la Salle’s rigidity theorem fits here. The proof includes a new relation between Fourier and Schur Lp-multipliers for nonamenable groups. In SLn(R), this holds in terms of Harish-Chandra’s almost L2 matrix coefficients. By transference, matters are reduced to a rather nontrivial RCp-inequality for SLn(R)-twisted forms of Riesz transforms associated to fractional laplacians. Our second result gives a new and much stronger rigidity theorem for radial multipliers in SLn(R). More precisely, additional regularity and Mikhlin type conditions are proved to be necessary up to an order ∼ | 1 2 − 1 p |(n − 1) for large enough n in terms of p. Locally, necessary and sufficient growth rates match up to that order. Asymptotically, extra decay for the symbol and its derivatives imposes more accurate and additional rigidity in a wider range of Lp-spaces. This rigidity increases with the rank, so we can construct radial generating functions satisfying our Hörmander-Mikhlin sufficient conditions in a given rank n and failing the rigidity conditions for ranks m >> n. We also prove automatic regularity and rigidity estimates for first and higher order derivatives of K-biinvariant multipliers in the rank 1 groups SO(n, 1).
{"title":"Fourier multipliers in SLn(R)","authors":"Javier Parcet, Éric Ricard, Mikael de la Salle","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2021-0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2021-0042","url":null,"abstract":"We establish precise regularity conditions for Lp-boundedness of Fourier multipliers in the group algebra of SLn(R). Our main result is inspired by Hörmander-Mikhlin criterion from classical harmonic analysis, although it is substantially and necessarily different. Locally, we get sharp growth rates of Lie derivatives around the singularity and nearly optimal regularity order. The asymptotics also match Mikhlin formula for a exponentially growing metric with respect to the word length. Additional decay comes imposed by this growth and Mikhlin condition for high order terms. Lafforgue/de la Salle’s rigidity theorem fits here. The proof includes a new relation between Fourier and Schur Lp-multipliers for nonamenable groups. In SLn(R), this holds in terms of Harish-Chandra’s almost L2 matrix coefficients. By transference, matters are reduced to a rather nontrivial RCp-inequality for SLn(R)-twisted forms of Riesz transforms associated to fractional laplacians. Our second result gives a new and much stronger rigidity theorem for radial multipliers in SLn(R). More precisely, additional regularity and Mikhlin type conditions are proved to be necessary up to an order ∼ | 1 2 − 1 p |(n − 1) for large enough n in terms of p. Locally, necessary and sufficient growth rates match up to that order. Asymptotically, extra decay for the symbol and its derivatives imposes more accurate and additional rigidity in a wider range of Lp-spaces. This rigidity increases with the rank, so we can construct radial generating functions satisfying our Hörmander-Mikhlin sufficient conditions in a given rank n and failing the rigidity conditions for ranks m >> n. We also prove automatic regularity and rigidity estimates for first and higher order derivatives of K-biinvariant multipliers in the rank 1 groups SO(n, 1).","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43652466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2021-0062
Qi-Rui Li
{"title":"An intersection formula for CM cycles on Lubin–Tate spaces","authors":"Qi-Rui Li","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2021-0062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2021-0062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46116647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2021-0063
M. Kisin, Keerthi Madapusi Pera, S. Shin
A Shimura variety of Hodge type is a moduli space for abelian varieties equipped with a certain collection of Hodge cycles. We show that the Newton strata on such varieties are non-empty provided the corresponding group G is quasi-split at p, confirming a conjecture of Fargues and Rapoport in this case. Under the same condition, we conjecture that every mod p isogeny class on such a variety contains the reduction of a special point. This is a refinement of Honda-Tate theory. We prove a large part of this conjecture for Shimura varieties of PEL type. Our results make no assumption on the availability of a good integral model for the Shimura variety. In particular, the group G may be ramified at p.
{"title":"Honda–Tate theory for Shimura varieties","authors":"M. Kisin, Keerthi Madapusi Pera, S. Shin","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2021-0063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2021-0063","url":null,"abstract":"A Shimura variety of Hodge type is a moduli space for abelian varieties equipped with a certain collection of Hodge cycles. We show that the Newton strata on such varieties are non-empty provided the corresponding group G is quasi-split at p, confirming a conjecture of Fargues and Rapoport in this case. Under the same condition, we conjecture that every mod p isogeny class on such a variety contains the reduction of a special point. This is a refinement of Honda-Tate theory. We prove a large part of this conjecture for Shimura varieties of PEL type. Our results make no assumption on the availability of a good integral model for the Shimura variety. In particular, the group G may be ramified at p.","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47942181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2021-0026
Keaton Naff
{"title":"A planarity estimate for pinched solutions of mean curvature flow","authors":"Keaton Naff","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2021-0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2021-0026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47754278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2022-0040
Jan Sbierski
{"title":"On holonomy singularities in general relativity and the Cloc0,1-inextendibility of space-times","authors":"Jan Sbierski","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2022-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2022-0040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"66770007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-01DOI: 10.1215/00127094-2022-0012
J. Bernstein, Lu Wang
{"title":"Closed hypersurfaces of low entropy in R4 are isotopically trivial","authors":"J. Bernstein, Lu Wang","doi":"10.1215/00127094-2022-0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1215/00127094-2022-0012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11447,"journal":{"name":"Duke Mathematical Journal","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47167732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"数学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号