Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-10-16
V. Samonin, V.N. Solovey
The technical and technological processing features of fine-grained carbonaceous technological waste into environmentally friendly products with significant energy and resource saving were introduced. The article defines products which are the recycled highly efficient and competitive spherical activated carbons produced by high-speed pelletisation in aqueous medium with various hydrocarbon binders. The article describes the step-by-step manufacturing of spherical pellets by high-speed components mixing in aqueous medium. The main production parameters of spherical activated carbons (SAC) from the introduced raw materials, the formulation (ratio of components), the conditions for pelletisation and subsequent high-temperature carbonization and activation were identified. The parameters of the porous structure, sorption properties and technical features of the obtained materials were assessed according to the methods typical for the validation of activated carbons. It was confirmed that the characteristics of developed SAC were not inferior to industrial activated carbons in terms of porous structure and sorption properties, and significantly exceed them in terms of percentage of ash and endurance capability.
{"title":"Energy Efficient Technology for Processing Fine-grained Carbonaceous Wastes into Spherical Carbon Adsorbents","authors":"V. Samonin, V.N. Solovey","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-10-16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-10-16","url":null,"abstract":"The technical and technological processing features of fine-grained carbonaceous technological waste into environmentally friendly products with significant energy and resource saving were introduced. The article defines products which are the recycled highly efficient and competitive spherical activated carbons produced by high-speed pelletisation in aqueous medium with various hydrocarbon binders. The article describes the step-by-step manufacturing of spherical pellets by high-speed components mixing in aqueous medium. The main production parameters of spherical activated carbons (SAC) from the introduced raw materials, the formulation (ratio of components), the conditions for pelletisation and subsequent high-temperature carbonization and activation were identified. The parameters of the porous structure, sorption properties and technical features of the obtained materials were assessed according to the methods typical for the validation of activated carbons. It was confirmed that the characteristics of developed SAC were not inferior to industrial activated carbons in terms of porous structure and sorption properties, and significantly exceed them in terms of percentage of ash and endurance capability.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48767373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-17-23
A. Urlukov, S. I. Uskov, D. Potemkin, S. Berdyugin, V. Rogozhnikov, P. Snytnikov
Rhodium-containing catalysts on various carriers (Ce0.75Zr0.25O2, Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, Ce0.4Zr0.5Y0.05La0.05O2, γ-Al2O3, TiO2) produced by various methods (sorption-hydrolytic precipitation and incipient wetness impregnation) and differing by mass content of rhodium (from 0.5 to 4 % by mass) were studied. The dependence of the catalytical efficiency of rhodium catalysts on composition, texture, and redox properties of the carrier was studied. The prospect of using associated petroleum gas at Russian deposits was confirmed.
{"title":"Optimization of Rh-containing Catalysts for Low-temperature Steam Reforming of Light Hydrocarbons","authors":"A. Urlukov, S. I. Uskov, D. Potemkin, S. Berdyugin, V. Rogozhnikov, P. Snytnikov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-17-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-17-23","url":null,"abstract":"Rhodium-containing catalysts on various carriers (Ce0.75Zr0.25O2, Ce0.5Zr0.5O2, Ce0.4Zr0.5Y0.05La0.05O2, γ-Al2O3, TiO2) produced by various methods (sorption-hydrolytic precipitation and incipient wetness impregnation) and differing by mass content of rhodium (from 0.5 to 4 % by mass) were studied. The dependence of the catalytical efficiency of rhodium catalysts on composition, texture, and redox properties of the carrier was studied. The prospect of using associated petroleum gas at Russian deposits was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42530632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-24-29
N. Cherniy, N. Yurkevich, S. Bortnikova, K. Tulisova, T.A. Kuleshova
Experimental data were presented on the mobility of copper during the transition from old wastes of pyrometallurgical processing of polymetallic ores (Belovsk zinc plant, Kemerovo region) into solution. Based on the data of percolation experiments, the article proposes the extraction method of copper with minimal environmental risks.
{"title":"Features of Copper Mobility During the Transition from Clinkers to an Aqueous Solution at the Belovsky Zinc Plant (Kemerovo Region)","authors":"N. Cherniy, N. Yurkevich, S. Bortnikova, K. Tulisova, T.A. Kuleshova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-24-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-24-29","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental data were presented on the mobility of copper during the transition from old wastes of pyrometallurgical processing of polymetallic ores (Belovsk zinc plant, Kemerovo region) into solution. Based on the data of percolation experiments, the article proposes the extraction method of copper with minimal environmental risks.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47811027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-56-61
A. Kozlov, E. Gubiy, M. V. Penzik, I. Ivanova
The studies on the assessment of the economic efficiency of local gasifier biomass power plants for power supply to 5 settlements located in the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory are presented. Various schemes of operation of power plants using biomass as the main fuel (chips or pellets) and options for combined operation with a diesel power plant are considered. The calculation of the normalized cost of electricity for each case is carried out. It is shown that wood chips, as the cheapest wood fuel, it is advisable to reach a distance of no more than 115 km and 180 km compared to pellets and diesel fuel, respectively.
{"title":"Economic and Technical Aspects of the Use of Wood Waste Gasification Power Plants in Decentralized Nature Protection Areas: The Example of the Natural Territory of Lake Baikal","authors":"A. Kozlov, E. Gubiy, M. V. Penzik, I. Ivanova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-56-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-56-61","url":null,"abstract":"The studies on the assessment of the economic efficiency of local gasifier biomass power plants for power supply to 5 settlements located in the Central Ecological Zone of the Baikal Natural Territory are presented. Various schemes of operation of power plants using biomass as the main fuel (chips or pellets) and options for combined operation with a diesel power plant are considered. The calculation of the normalized cost of electricity for each case is carried out. It is shown that wood chips, as the cheapest wood fuel, it is advisable to reach a distance of no more than 115 km and 180 km compared to pellets and diesel fuel, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45997692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-67-71
E. Tomina, N. Khodosova, V.E. Manukovskaya, K. Zhuzhukin
Pine sawdust, 0.5–1 mm in size, was made carbonized. The resulting biochar was activated. This activated KOH biochar was confirmed to be a better methylene blue dye sorbent than the original charcoal. The conclusion was made about the possibility of using the study results in the processing of timber industry waste into carbon sorbents for water treatment systems and ensuring environmental safety of production sites.
{"title":"Effect of Physico-chemical Activation on Sorption Activity of Bio-coal from Pine Sawdust","authors":"E. Tomina, N. Khodosova, V.E. Manukovskaya, K. Zhuzhukin","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-67-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-67-71","url":null,"abstract":"Pine sawdust, 0.5–1 mm in size, was made carbonized. The resulting biochar was activated. This activated KOH biochar was confirmed to be a better methylene blue dye sorbent than the original charcoal. The conclusion was made about the possibility of using the study results in the processing of timber industry waste into carbon sorbents for water treatment systems and ensuring environmental safety of production sites.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47512758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-50-55
Y. Kuznetsova, I. A. Permyakova, E.A. Shergina, G. V. Leontieva, V. V. Volkhin
The results of a quantitative analysis of nutrients based on samples of struvite as a controlled release nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, obtained using two technology options, were presented. It was shown that the use of traditional struvite deposition technology leads to the formation of a coarse-grained product (average crystal size 578 μm). It was confirmed that the modified technology allows to obtain highly dispersed struvite (average crystal size 19 μm) with a more extended particle surface and an ammonium content of 98–99% of the theoretical value with a higher nutrient release rates compared to struvite got by conventional technology. Struvite synthesized by the modified technology was found to show improved performance as a controlled release MgNP fertilizer.
{"title":"Struvite Got by a Modified Technology as the Basis of an Environmentally Friendly Controlled-release MgNP-fertilizer","authors":"Y. Kuznetsova, I. A. Permyakova, E.A. Shergina, G. V. Leontieva, V. V. Volkhin","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-50-55","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-50-55","url":null,"abstract":"The results of a quantitative analysis of nutrients based on samples of struvite as a controlled release nitrogen-phosphorus fertilizer, obtained using two technology options, were presented. It was shown that the use of traditional struvite deposition technology leads to the formation of a coarse-grained product (average crystal size 578 μm). It was confirmed that the modified technology allows to obtain highly dispersed struvite (average crystal size 19 μm) with a more extended particle surface and an ammonium content of 98–99% of the theoretical value with a higher nutrient release rates compared to struvite got by conventional technology. Struvite synthesized by the modified technology was found to show improved performance as a controlled release MgNP fertilizer.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46546266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-4-9
A. Filimonova, A. Chichirov, N. Chichirova, A. Pechenkin, A. Vinogradov
The effect of various fuel compositions and origins on the characteristics and efficiency of hybrid systems — solid oxide fuel cells-gas turbines (SOFC-GT) was studied. The published and calculated data of modeling the effect of various types of fuel on the efficiency and flow control parameters in the proposed SOFC-GT hybrid power plant were presented. It was confirmed that fuel variations at the input and its impact on the cycle efficiency when designing SOFC-GT hybrid plants are to be taken into account. The relevance of hybrid electrochemical-mechanical systems for processing and recycling gas and hydrocarbon emissions was shown for the manufacturing and energy plants – thermal power station – petrochemical unit.
{"title":"Impact Study of Fuel Type and Composition on the Performance of Hybrid Power Plants with Fuel Cells","authors":"A. Filimonova, A. Chichirov, N. Chichirova, A. Pechenkin, A. Vinogradov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-4-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-4-9","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of various fuel compositions and origins on the characteristics and efficiency of hybrid systems — solid oxide fuel cells-gas turbines (SOFC-GT) was studied. The published and calculated data of modeling the effect of various types of fuel on the efficiency and flow control parameters in the proposed SOFC-GT hybrid power plant were presented. It was confirmed that fuel variations at the input and its impact on the cycle efficiency when designing SOFC-GT hybrid plants are to be taken into account. The relevance of hybrid electrochemical-mechanical systems for processing and recycling gas and hydrocarbon emissions was shown for the manufacturing and energy plants – thermal power station – petrochemical unit.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41536070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-62-66
A. Petukhov, T. Kremleva, N. A. Khritokhin, G. Petukhova
The contribution of aerotechnogenic migration to the accumulation of heavy metals by coltsfoot in the city of Tyumen was studied. Metal content analysis (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr) was performed using atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy. The conclusion was made about the metal absorption from the soil by the plant root system and the presence of non-root intake of metals from the atmosphere. The interlinkage of aerotechnogenic migration with the metal volatility and the aerosols stability was revealed.
{"title":"Assessment of the Contribution of Aerotechnogenic Heavy Metal Migration to Urban Environments","authors":"A. Petukhov, T. Kremleva, N. A. Khritokhin, G. Petukhova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-62-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-62-66","url":null,"abstract":"The contribution of aerotechnogenic migration to the accumulation of heavy metals by coltsfoot in the city of Tyumen was studied. Metal content analysis (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cd, Ni, Co, Cr) was performed using atomic absorption and atomic emission spectroscopy. The conclusion was made about the metal absorption from the soil by the plant root system and the presence of non-root intake of metals from the atmosphere. The interlinkage of aerotechnogenic migration with the metal volatility and the aerosols stability was revealed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48127381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-20DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-36-42
T. Osadchaya, K. A. Nikitin, A. Afineevskii, D. A. Prozorov, A. Meledin, N. Gordina
The processing acetone wastes method into isopropyl alcohol (ISA) by liquid-phase hydrogenation on the new catalyst obtained by the selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was studied. The optimal compositions of SHS for producing nickel-chromium catalysts were identified. The comparative analysis of the activity of the SHS catalyst was carried out in comparison with the traditional one obtained as a result of coprecipitation. The surface area morphology of the obtained samples was measured. The surface morphology was studied, including the calculation of the mesopores distribution. It was found that the proposed catalyst was reduced at a higher temperature than the previously proposed one. The stability of particles to sintering was confirmed.
{"title":"Acetone Processing on Nickel-chromium Catalysts Produced by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis","authors":"T. Osadchaya, K. A. Nikitin, A. Afineevskii, D. A. Prozorov, A. Meledin, N. Gordina","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-36-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-6-36-42","url":null,"abstract":"The processing acetone wastes method into isopropyl alcohol (ISA) by liquid-phase hydrogenation on the new catalyst obtained by the selfpropagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) was studied. The optimal compositions of SHS for producing nickel-chromium catalysts were identified. The comparative analysis of the activity of the SHS catalyst was carried out in comparison with the traditional one obtained as a result of coprecipitation. The surface area morphology of the obtained samples was measured. The surface morphology was studied, including the calculation of the mesopores distribution. It was found that the proposed catalyst was reduced at a higher temperature than the previously proposed one. The stability of particles to sintering was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42548916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-5-8-14
V. Lyubov, V. Danilov
A comprehensive assessment of the energy and environmental efficiency of using plywood production waste as an energy fuel in steam watertube boilers units with a staged combustion scheme has been carried out. The components of the heat balance and emission of harmful substances are determined. The thermal engineering and granulometric characteristics, as well as the elemental composition of the combustible fuel and the formed focal residues, have been studied. Specific surfaces, porosity of entrainment particles were determined and their microscopic studies were performed. Specific surfaces, porosity of entrainment particles were determined and their microscopic studies were performed. It is concluded that it is necessary to modernize the ash cleaning system, and in the future to reconstruct boilers with the installation of tilt-pushing grids when implementing a layer-vortex combustion scheme.
{"title":"Environmental and Energy Efficiency of Plywood Production Waste Burning","authors":"V. Lyubov, V. Danilov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-5-8-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-5-8-14","url":null,"abstract":"A comprehensive assessment of the energy and environmental efficiency of using plywood production waste as an energy fuel in steam watertube boilers units with a staged combustion scheme has been carried out. The components of the heat balance and emission of harmful substances are determined. The thermal engineering and granulometric characteristics, as well as the elemental composition of the combustible fuel and the formed focal residues, have been studied. Specific surfaces, porosity of entrainment particles were determined and their microscopic studies were performed. Specific surfaces, porosity of entrainment particles were determined and their microscopic studies were performed. It is concluded that it is necessary to modernize the ash cleaning system, and in the future to reconstruct boilers with the installation of tilt-pushing grids when implementing a layer-vortex combustion scheme.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44752007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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