Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-4-10
S. Yankovsky, G. Arysheva, K. B. Larionov, P. Povalyaev, A.Ya. Pak
The paper presents the experimental results with a combined electric arc method for processing rubber waste to produce gases and solids from them. The paper reveals the peculiarity of the applied approach which lies in its effectiveness in the formation of an autonomous gas environment of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which were mainly generated during combustion of an arc discharge in an open air. The optimal operating modes of the arc reactor were identified to ensure an increase in the yield of combustible gases during thermal conversion with the addition of water to the reaction zone. The operating parameters of the arc reactor for processing rubber products to produce graphite-like material with the carbon content of up to 96.7% by weight were clarified.
{"title":"Recycling of Scrap Tires by Exposure to an Arc Discharge with the Addition of Water to Intensify the Formation of Carbon Structures and the Release of a Methane-hydrogen Mixture","authors":"S. Yankovsky, G. Arysheva, K. B. Larionov, P. Povalyaev, A.Ya. Pak","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-4-10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-4-10","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the experimental results with a combined electric arc method for processing rubber waste to produce gases and solids from them. The paper reveals the peculiarity of the applied approach which lies in its effectiveness in the formation of an autonomous gas environment of carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, which were mainly generated during combustion of an arc discharge in an open air. The optimal operating modes of the arc reactor were identified to ensure an increase in the yield of combustible gases during thermal conversion with the addition of water to the reaction zone. The operating parameters of the arc reactor for processing rubber products to produce graphite-like material with the carbon content of up to 96.7% by weight were clarified.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"27 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-12DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-62-68
D.M. Malyukhin, L.G. Bakina, N. Mayachkina, M.V. Kiselev, V.V. Loktionov
The agrochemical, sanitary-hygienic and toxicological properties of compost soil from solid waste (technosoil) when mixed with soddy-podzolic soil were studied. Observations of soil overgrowth and changes in chemical and toxicological properties were carried out over two years. It was confirmed that the studied soil was fertile, suitable for growing plants, conform to the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards of the toxicity category “Pure” (hazard class V) and acceptable for unlimited use in accordance with the recommendations of Appendix 1 of SanPiN 2.1. 7.1287-03. It was concluded that the proven technology for obtaining soil is cost-effective and possible for using the high biological potential of composts when landscaping infertile areas of anthropogenically disturbed landscapes.
{"title":"Solid Waste Screening of SMW: Environmental, Chemical and Toxicological Characteristics Based on the Results of a Two-year Field Experiment","authors":"D.M. Malyukhin, L.G. Bakina, N. Mayachkina, M.V. Kiselev, V.V. Loktionov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-62-68","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-12-62-68","url":null,"abstract":"The agrochemical, sanitary-hygienic and toxicological properties of compost soil from solid waste (technosoil) when mixed with soddy-podzolic soil were studied. Observations of soil overgrowth and changes in chemical and toxicological properties were carried out over two years. It was confirmed that the studied soil was fertile, suitable for growing plants, conform to the requirements of sanitary and hygienic standards of the toxicity category “Pure” (hazard class V) and acceptable for unlimited use in accordance with the recommendations of Appendix 1 of SanPiN 2.1. 7.1287-03. It was concluded that the proven technology for obtaining soil is cost-effective and possible for using the high biological potential of composts when landscaping infertile areas of anthropogenically disturbed landscapes.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"10 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139007561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-9-14
R.G. Safin, V.G. Sotnikov, D.F. Ziatdinova
Pilot plants were developed to analyze heat and mass exchanges during the thermal decomposition of ligninocellulose. Methods of experimental research to determine the properties of thermal decomposition products were presented. Studies of thermal decomposition of plant raw materials for classical and high-temperature modes of slow pyrolysis were carried out. The pore structure of the obtained carbonate samples was studied. Optimal modes of slow conductive pyrolysis of vegetable raw materials were proposed. The paper presents the variant of industrial pyrolysis of plant waste into activated carbon.
{"title":"Thermal Processing of Solid Vegetable Waste by Slow Conductive Pyrolysis","authors":"R.G. Safin, V.G. Sotnikov, D.F. Ziatdinova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-9-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-9-14","url":null,"abstract":"Pilot plants were developed to analyze heat and mass exchanges during the thermal decomposition of ligninocellulose. Methods of experimental research to determine the properties of thermal decomposition products were presented. Studies of thermal decomposition of plant raw materials for classical and high-temperature modes of slow pyrolysis were carried out. The pore structure of the obtained carbonate samples was studied. Optimal modes of slow conductive pyrolysis of vegetable raw materials were proposed. The paper presents the variant of industrial pyrolysis of plant waste into activated carbon.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"64 s294","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135342074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An effective method and device for additional heating of fuel oil used in the production of soda ash as fuel in soda drum dryers has been developed. It is concluded that the use of a high-frequency induction unit mounted on the fuel oil supply line in the thermal power equipment of soda ash drum dryers provides an increase in the temperature of fuel oil from 60 to 98 °С, a reduction in its specific consumption by 15.7 % and a reduction in carbon monoxide emissions into the atmosphere from 0.20 to 0.024 g /s.
研制了一种对纯碱生产中用作燃料的燃料油进行附加加热的有效方法和装置。结果表明，在纯碱滚筒干燥机热动力设备燃油供给管路上安装高频感应装置，可使燃油温度从60°升高到98°С，燃油比耗降低15.7%，大气中一氧化碳排放量从0.20 g /s降低到0.024 g /s。
{"title":"Reduction of Carbon Monoxide Emissions into the Atmosphere When Burning Fuel Oil in Technological Thermal Power Plants","authors":"O.V. Pilyaeva, I.I. Shepelev, N.V. Golovnykh, E.I. Zhukov","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-4-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-4-8","url":null,"abstract":"An effective method and device for additional heating of fuel oil used in the production of soda ash as fuel in soda drum dryers has been developed. It is concluded that the use of a high-frequency induction unit mounted on the fuel oil supply line in the thermal power equipment of soda ash drum dryers provides an increase in the temperature of fuel oil from 60 to 98 °С, a reduction in its specific consumption by 15.7 % and a reduction in carbon monoxide emissions into the atmosphere from 0.20 to 0.024 g /s.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"10 38","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It was shown that water-diluted spray after hyperbaric welding area demonstrates pronounced bacteriological inhibition. It was found that water after hyperbaric welding, in addition to growth inhibition, also induces the synthesis of natural inhibitors of living organisms – biocins, which adversely affect the ecosystem. It was concluded that such properties are useful in the economy, in particular, for initiating an increased synthesis of biocines in bioreactors for the purpose of further isolation and inclusion in technologies as natural growth inhibitors.
{"title":"Study of the Toxicity of Welding Aqueous Suspensions Obtained by Hyperbaric Welding","authors":"K.Yu. Kirichenko, V.A. Chernousov, I.A. Vakhniuk, S.V. Leonov, K.S. Golokhvast","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-34-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-34-38","url":null,"abstract":"It was shown that water-diluted spray after hyperbaric welding area demonstrates pronounced bacteriological inhibition. It was found that water after hyperbaric welding, in addition to growth inhibition, also induces the synthesis of natural inhibitors of living organisms – biocins, which adversely affect the ecosystem. It was concluded that such properties are useful in the economy, in particular, for initiating an increased synthesis of biocines in bioreactors for the purpose of further isolation and inclusion in technologies as natural growth inhibitors.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"7 15","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-46-53
V.R. Bityukova, A.I. Kravchik
The peculiarities of fuel consumption in Russian regions were revealed — the energy sector consumes 40 % of the country's fuel resources, but its role is declining. There was an increase in fuel consumption by industries and population. The fuel balance of the regions revealed a predominance of gas in the European part and coal in the eastern regions with an increase in the share of associated gas. Thanks to the modernization of the power industry in most regions of Russia, emissions from fuel combustion have decreased and industrial production has increased.
{"title":"Atmospheric Pollution from Fuel Combustion at Stationary Sources in the Regions of Russia: Scale and Dynamics","authors":"V.R. Bityukova, A.I. Kravchik","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-46-53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-46-53","url":null,"abstract":"The peculiarities of fuel consumption in Russian regions were revealed — the energy sector consumes 40 % of the country's fuel resources, but its role is declining. There was an increase in fuel consumption by industries and population. The fuel balance of the regions revealed a predominance of gas in the European part and coal in the eastern regions with an increase in the share of associated gas. Thanks to the modernization of the power industry in most regions of Russia, emissions from fuel combustion have decreased and industrial production has increased.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"59 S277","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135341788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper presents the application results of geophysical methods (micro-near-field time-domain electromagnetic sounding and ground penetrating radar profiling) performed in 2022 to determine the volume of homogeneous industrial waste in collection ponds using the example of the phenol lake within the city limits of Ulan-Ude , The Republic of Buryatia. The boundaries and volumes of industrial waste disposal were determined, and the position of the overlying and bottom beds of the phenol pound were recorded. The migration channel of hydrophilic chemical pollutants from the bed of the studied object was identified and the reservoir was installed to collect, over the years of infiltration processes, fluid saturated with hydrophilic chemical pollutants from the phenol pound. 3D models of the industrial waste deposits in the phenol lake and 3D models of the identified collector were built. It was concluded that the used set of geophysical methods was effective for solving similar engineering, environmental and geoecological problems.
{"title":"Set of Engineering and Geophysical Methods for Determining the Volume of Homogeneous Industrial Waste at Sites of Accumulated Environmental Harm","authors":"I.K. Seminskiy, A.Yu. Aleksandrova, V.V. Gomulsky, M.Yu. Lapushkin, A.A. Afanasieva, Yu.A. Agafonov, O.V. Lunina, I.A. Denisenko","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-39-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-39-45","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the application results of geophysical methods (micro-near-field time-domain electromagnetic sounding and ground penetrating radar profiling) performed in 2022 to determine the volume of homogeneous industrial waste in collection ponds using the example of the phenol lake within the city limits of Ulan-Ude , The Republic of Buryatia. The boundaries and volumes of industrial waste disposal were determined, and the position of the overlying and bottom beds of the phenol pound were recorded. The migration channel of hydrophilic chemical pollutants from the bed of the studied object was identified and the reservoir was installed to collect, over the years of infiltration processes, fluid saturated with hydrophilic chemical pollutants from the phenol pound. 3D models of the industrial waste deposits in the phenol lake and 3D models of the identified collector were built. It was concluded that the used set of geophysical methods was effective for solving similar engineering, environmental and geoecological problems.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"9 43","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pre-processing of ash from coal power plants were carried out, which consists of its decarbonization and iron removal to produce a carbon concentrate with a carbon content of 71 % for reuse in the power sector and magnetite concentrate from flotation tailings as an additional raw material in ferrous metallurgy. The optimal consumption of flotation reagents and flotation duration were identified. To increase the concentration of iron intended for magnetic separation, desliming of flotation tailings was recommended.
{"title":"Preparation of Fly Ash of Ekibastuz Coals for Subsequent Production of Alumina","authors":"L.M. Delitsyn, R.V. Kulumbegov, O.S. Popel, K.S. Petropavlovskii, L.V. Lobacheva, M.G. Sulman","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-22-27","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-22-27","url":null,"abstract":"Pre-processing of ash from coal power plants were carried out, which consists of its decarbonization and iron removal to produce a carbon concentrate with a carbon content of 71 % for reuse in the power sector and magnetite concentrate from flotation tailings as an additional raw material in ferrous metallurgy. The optimal consumption of flotation reagents and flotation duration were identified. To increase the concentration of iron intended for magnetic separation, desliming of flotation tailings was recommended.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"6 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135390922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-28-33
A.A. Lavrinenko, I.O. Krylov, I.V. Kunilova
The advantage of electrical separation in the processing of classified ash and slag as the main separation operation was substantiated. It was recommended to switch to electrical separation as the first technological operation and carry out the entire cycle of ash and slag processing using dry methods due to their economic benefits compared to wet ones. It was emphasized that dry methods do not require the reagents and do not lead to subsequent secondary pollution of the environment. The possibility of obtaining iron-containing and aluminosilicate products for construction and other industries was confirmed.
{"title":"Electric Separation of Ash and Slag Waste Kashirskaya GRES","authors":"A.A. Lavrinenko, I.O. Krylov, I.V. Kunilova","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-28-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-28-33","url":null,"abstract":"The advantage of electrical separation in the processing of classified ash and slag as the main separation operation was substantiated. It was recommended to switch to electrical separation as the first technological operation and carry out the entire cycle of ash and slag processing using dry methods due to their economic benefits compared to wet ones. It was emphasized that dry methods do not require the reagents and do not lead to subsequent secondary pollution of the environment. The possibility of obtaining iron-containing and aluminosilicate products for construction and other industries was confirmed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"7 14","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-66-71
V.I. Danilov-Danilyan, O.M. Rosental
The possibility of using a parametric tolerance interval to improve the accuracy of studying water quality indicators was analyzed. It was demonstrated that the proposed approach provides advantages over non-parametric interval rank, but not in all cases. The advantages of the new method due to the use of more complete experimental information were substantiated, and the reasons for the decrease in the accuracy of water quality assessment at its application were analysed.
{"title":"Methodology for Reliable Assessment of Water Quality. V. Statistical Methods for Water Quality Research: Parametric Approach","authors":"V.I. Danilov-Danilyan, O.M. Rosental","doi":"10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-66-71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18412/1816-0395-2023-11-66-71","url":null,"abstract":"The possibility of using a parametric tolerance interval to improve the accuracy of studying water quality indicators was analyzed. It was demonstrated that the proposed approach provides advantages over non-parametric interval rank, but not in all cases. The advantages of the new method due to the use of more complete experimental information were substantiated, and the reasons for the decrease in the accuracy of water quality assessment at its application were analysed.","PeriodicalId":11462,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Industry of Russia","volume":"7 18","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135391087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：