Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00760-6
B. Deka, A. Babu, Suman Sarkar, Boney Kuriakose, George Thomas
{"title":"Hyposidra talaca NPV (HytaNPV): a potential baculovirus for efficient control of the black inch worm, Hyposidra talaca Walker (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), a major pest of tea Camellia sinensis (Ericales: Theaceae (L.) O. Kuntze)","authors":"B. Deka, A. Babu, Suman Sarkar, Boney Kuriakose, George Thomas","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00760-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00760-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138624857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-12-01DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00758-0
Mohamed A. M. Hussein, Ahmed M. K. Abdel-Aal, M. Rawa, M. A. Mousa, Yasser M. M. Moustafa, K. Abo-Elyousr
{"title":"Enhancing chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) resistance and yield against powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) with beneficial bacteria","authors":"Mohamed A. M. Hussein, Ahmed M. K. Abdel-Aal, M. Rawa, M. A. Mousa, Yasser M. M. Moustafa, K. Abo-Elyousr","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00758-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00758-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138620796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00750-8
G. Ghanem, Ahmed M. A. Mahmoud, A. Kheder, Doha A. S. Gebily, Asmaa Osamy
{"title":"Antiviral activities of three Streptomyces spp. against Zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) infecting squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) plants","authors":"G. Ghanem, Ahmed M. A. Mahmoud, A. Kheder, Doha A. S. Gebily, Asmaa Osamy","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00750-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00750-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139266310","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-14DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00757-1
Aydemir Barış
Abstract Background Gonioctena fornicata (Brüggemann, 1873) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) inflicts substantial crop damage by consuming alfalfa leaves. The main aim of the study was to develop an efficient, sustainable control method against the pest, considering entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a potential control agent against soil-dwelling insect pests. This study investigated the impact of two native entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (isolate Z-1) and Steinernema feltiae (isolate A-16), on mature larvae and adults of G. fornicata . Concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 IJs/ml were used for adult and larval stages, and mortality rate was determined at the end of 144 h for larvae and 240 h for adults. Results The highest effect was 94.7% at 120 h for isolate Z-1 and 91.0% at 168 h for isolate A-16 at a concentration of 1000 IJs/ml for adult stages. The highest effect on larval stage was 97.6% at 96 h for isolate Z-1 and 85.8% at 120 h for isolate A-16 at the concentration of 1000 IJs/ml. On the adult stage, isolate Z-1 showed 50.0–67.1% effect at concentrations of 250 and 500 IJs/ml, respectively, while isolate A-16 showed an effect ranging from 46.7 to 63.6%. In the larval stage, isolate Z-1 caused 39.7–77.6% mortality at 250 and 500 IJs/ml concentrations, respectively, while the rate was 32.9–63.9% for isolate A-16. In the trial, isolate Z-1 showed a high efficacy in both stages of G. fornicata . Conclusions This study represents the first laboratory investigation encompassing both adult and mature larval stages of G. fornicata . The obtained data offer valuable insights for alternative control strategies targeting G. fornicata .
{"title":"Biocontrol potential of native entomopathogenic nematodes against Gonioctena fornicata (Brüggemann, 1873) (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in alfalfa","authors":"Aydemir Barış","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00757-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00757-1","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Gonioctena fornicata (Brüggemann, 1873) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) inflicts substantial crop damage by consuming alfalfa leaves. The main aim of the study was to develop an efficient, sustainable control method against the pest, considering entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) as a potential control agent against soil-dwelling insect pests. This study investigated the impact of two native entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (isolate Z-1) and Steinernema feltiae (isolate A-16), on mature larvae and adults of G. fornicata . Concentrations of 250, 500, and 1000 IJs/ml were used for adult and larval stages, and mortality rate was determined at the end of 144 h for larvae and 240 h for adults. Results The highest effect was 94.7% at 120 h for isolate Z-1 and 91.0% at 168 h for isolate A-16 at a concentration of 1000 IJs/ml for adult stages. The highest effect on larval stage was 97.6% at 96 h for isolate Z-1 and 85.8% at 120 h for isolate A-16 at the concentration of 1000 IJs/ml. On the adult stage, isolate Z-1 showed 50.0–67.1% effect at concentrations of 250 and 500 IJs/ml, respectively, while isolate A-16 showed an effect ranging from 46.7 to 63.6%. In the larval stage, isolate Z-1 caused 39.7–77.6% mortality at 250 and 500 IJs/ml concentrations, respectively, while the rate was 32.9–63.9% for isolate A-16. In the trial, isolate Z-1 showed a high efficacy in both stages of G. fornicata . Conclusions This study represents the first laboratory investigation encompassing both adult and mature larval stages of G. fornicata . The obtained data offer valuable insights for alternative control strategies targeting G. fornicata .","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134953588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the most dangerous fungal disease of greater yam ( Dioscorea alata L.), and leads to significant crop loss. Microbial technology in cropping systems is currently focused on biological control agents (BCAs), which include plant endophytes like bacteria, which contribute well to sustainable production. In the present study, the ability of an endophytic bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis (CTCRI EB12), isolated from Aloe vera was investigated to prevent the disease. Results The bacterium, CTCRI EB12, was characterized as a member of the Bacillus genus by morphological and biochemical tests and confirmed as B. licheniformis via 16S ribosomal gene analysis. The effectiveness of the endophytic bacterium was affirmed through cell confrontation assays and scanning electron microscopy. In cell confrontation assay, the isolate inhibited all the three C. gloeosporioides isolates used in the study with more than 80% inhibition. The effect of culture filtrate of the isolate was also tested against pathogens that were compliant with the outcome of dual culture technique. The culture and culture filtrate could effectively restrain the spreading of C. gloeosporioides in greater yam leaf. The isolate could completely inhibit the growth of the pathogen through an antibiosis study, and the same could be explained through scanning electron microscopy results, in which the endophyte-treated C. gloeosporioides hyphae appeared longer and distorted compared to control and conidia possess disfigurement in endophyte-treated sample when compared to control. Conclusions The study showed that Bacillus licheniformis (CTCRI EB12), the endophytic bacterium that has the capacity to enhance the protection of greater yam plants, could be further developed as a microbial pesticide to reduce the effect of anthracnose in greater yam fields. Additional investigation will reveal the endophytic isolate's antifungal capabilities and assessment of their performance in the open field. The present study depicted that it might be a potent biological control agent against C. gloeosporioides causing greater yam anthracnose.
{"title":"Efficacy of Bacillus licheniformis: a biocontrol agent against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides Penz. (Penz. & Sacc.) causing anthracnose in greater yam (Dioscorea alata L.)","authors":"Amrutha Pandirikkal Ravindran, Jeeva Muthulekshmi Lajapathy, Sreelatha Gopalakrishnan Lalithakumari, Akhil Kannolickal Mohan, Tom Cyriac, Shilpa Sreekumar Usha","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00755-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00755-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Anthracnose, caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, is the most dangerous fungal disease of greater yam ( Dioscorea alata L.), and leads to significant crop loss. Microbial technology in cropping systems is currently focused on biological control agents (BCAs), which include plant endophytes like bacteria, which contribute well to sustainable production. In the present study, the ability of an endophytic bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis (CTCRI EB12), isolated from Aloe vera was investigated to prevent the disease. Results The bacterium, CTCRI EB12, was characterized as a member of the Bacillus genus by morphological and biochemical tests and confirmed as B. licheniformis via 16S ribosomal gene analysis. The effectiveness of the endophytic bacterium was affirmed through cell confrontation assays and scanning electron microscopy. In cell confrontation assay, the isolate inhibited all the three C. gloeosporioides isolates used in the study with more than 80% inhibition. The effect of culture filtrate of the isolate was also tested against pathogens that were compliant with the outcome of dual culture technique. The culture and culture filtrate could effectively restrain the spreading of C. gloeosporioides in greater yam leaf. The isolate could completely inhibit the growth of the pathogen through an antibiosis study, and the same could be explained through scanning electron microscopy results, in which the endophyte-treated C. gloeosporioides hyphae appeared longer and distorted compared to control and conidia possess disfigurement in endophyte-treated sample when compared to control. Conclusions The study showed that Bacillus licheniformis (CTCRI EB12), the endophytic bacterium that has the capacity to enhance the protection of greater yam plants, could be further developed as a microbial pesticide to reduce the effect of anthracnose in greater yam fields. Additional investigation will reveal the endophytic isolate's antifungal capabilities and assessment of their performance in the open field. The present study depicted that it might be a potent biological control agent against C. gloeosporioides causing greater yam anthracnose.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134902324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-11DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00756-2
H. Sarubbi, G. Resquín-Romero, I. Garrido-Jurado
Abstract Background Pastures are susceptible to attacks from various species of insects, with Cercopidae being one of the main responsible pests. The species Mahanarva fimbriolata has a wide distribution in the Eastern region of Paraguay, leading to pasture damage. The most promising alternatives to chemical use are bioinsecticides, which could offer effective control while minimizing negative environmental impacts. Beauveria and Metarhizium have been documented as biocontrol fungi for Cercopidae insects. Therefore, identifying and isolating virulent native strains presents potential alternatives for controlling the spittlebug M. fimbriolata . Results Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, native strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were identified in the collected insects. Phylogenetic trees confirmed that the Beauveria sequence ( Beauveria seq) obtained in this study aligned with the ARSEF 842 isolate of B. bassiana . The Metarhizium sequence ( Metarhizium seq) was in the same clade as ARSEF 7450 and ARSEF 7487, which belong to the Metarhizium anisopliae . Beauveria bassiana displayed conidiophores that were broad at the basal part, forming synnemata or groups of conidiophores closely packed together, with a typical "zig-zag"-shaped rachis. The conidia were hyaline and smooth, ellipsoidal, and globose. On the other hand, M. anisopliae exhibited simple, straight conidiophores with bottle-shaped phialides. The conidia were elongated, ovoid to cylindrical, arranged in chains, and had an olive green color. Conclusions This is the first report of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana obtained from nymphs and adults of Mahanarva fimbriolata in Paraguay.
{"title":"Identification of native entomopathogenic fungi associated with Mahanarva fimbriolata Stahl in silvopastoral systems (Urochloa brizantha cv. MG-5 and Eucalyptus spp.)","authors":"H. Sarubbi, G. Resquín-Romero, I. Garrido-Jurado","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00756-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00756-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Pastures are susceptible to attacks from various species of insects, with Cercopidae being one of the main responsible pests. The species Mahanarva fimbriolata has a wide distribution in the Eastern region of Paraguay, leading to pasture damage. The most promising alternatives to chemical use are bioinsecticides, which could offer effective control while minimizing negative environmental impacts. Beauveria and Metarhizium have been documented as biocontrol fungi for Cercopidae insects. Therefore, identifying and isolating virulent native strains presents potential alternatives for controlling the spittlebug M. fimbriolata . Results Based on morphological and molecular characteristics, native strains of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were identified in the collected insects. Phylogenetic trees confirmed that the Beauveria sequence ( Beauveria seq) obtained in this study aligned with the ARSEF 842 isolate of B. bassiana . The Metarhizium sequence ( Metarhizium seq) was in the same clade as ARSEF 7450 and ARSEF 7487, which belong to the Metarhizium anisopliae . Beauveria bassiana displayed conidiophores that were broad at the basal part, forming synnemata or groups of conidiophores closely packed together, with a typical \"zig-zag\"-shaped rachis. The conidia were hyaline and smooth, ellipsoidal, and globose. On the other hand, M. anisopliae exhibited simple, straight conidiophores with bottle-shaped phialides. The conidia were elongated, ovoid to cylindrical, arranged in chains, and had an olive green color. Conclusions This is the first report of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana obtained from nymphs and adults of Mahanarva fimbriolata in Paraguay.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135043049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Due to the soilborne and tuber-borne nature of their causative agents, Fusarium wilt, Rhizoctonia root canker and black dot diseases are still leading to serious problems in potato production in Tunisia and worldwide. Among endophytic bacteria, the genus Bacillus is one of the most exploited microbial groups known as potent biocontrol agents against several potato diseases. In the present study, six strains belonging to five Bacillus species were screened for their abilities to inhibit root and wilt potato pathogens in vitro, in vivo and under natural conditions over three cropping seasons and to promote plant growth. Results Based on the dual-culture assays, the whole-cell suspensions of SV39 and SV104 ( Bacillus tequilensis ), SV41 ( B. subtilis ), SV44 ( B. methylotrophicus ) and SV65 ( B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum ) strains exhibited potent antifungal activity against important potato soilborne phytopathogens with ~ 65 to 70% inhibition rates. Significant inhibition rates were also induced by the cell-free culture filtrates, the butanolic and the chloroformic extracts depending on the target pathogens, the concentration used and the Bacillus strain tested. In pot experiment, a decrease in Rhizoctonia root canker severity, ranging from 43 to 65% compared to the inoculated and untreated control, was induced by all Bacillus spp. strain-based treatments, while SV39-, S42- and SV65-based treatments were the most effective in suppressing by 50–53 and 65–52%, black dot severity and the relative vascular discoloration extent induced by F. oxysporum f. sp. tuberosi , respectively, relative to positive control. This biocontrol potential was associated with an enhancement of potato growth parameters. Field studies indicated that soil treatment with the most of the Bacillus spp. strains had significantly controlled all the target fungal soilborne diseases and improved at the least two growth and/or production parameters depending on the strain used and the cropping seasons. SV39-, SV41-, SV44- and SV104-based treatments resulted in a significant increase in tuber yield in one cropping season. Conclusion These Bacillus spp. strains could be used in combinations and/or introduced with other existing practices in order to provide supplemental control of target diseases and yield promotion under organic or conventional potato production systems.
{"title":"Multi-species endophytic Bacillus for improved control of potato soilborne and tuber-borne diseases in Tunisia: from laboratory to field conditions","authors":"Hayfa Jabnoun-Khiareddine, Rania Aydi-Ben-Abdallah, Mejda Daami-Remadi","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00753-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00753-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Due to the soilborne and tuber-borne nature of their causative agents, Fusarium wilt, Rhizoctonia root canker and black dot diseases are still leading to serious problems in potato production in Tunisia and worldwide. Among endophytic bacteria, the genus Bacillus is one of the most exploited microbial groups known as potent biocontrol agents against several potato diseases. In the present study, six strains belonging to five Bacillus species were screened for their abilities to inhibit root and wilt potato pathogens in vitro, in vivo and under natural conditions over three cropping seasons and to promote plant growth. Results Based on the dual-culture assays, the whole-cell suspensions of SV39 and SV104 ( Bacillus tequilensis ), SV41 ( B. subtilis ), SV44 ( B. methylotrophicus ) and SV65 ( B. amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum ) strains exhibited potent antifungal activity against important potato soilborne phytopathogens with ~ 65 to 70% inhibition rates. Significant inhibition rates were also induced by the cell-free culture filtrates, the butanolic and the chloroformic extracts depending on the target pathogens, the concentration used and the Bacillus strain tested. In pot experiment, a decrease in Rhizoctonia root canker severity, ranging from 43 to 65% compared to the inoculated and untreated control, was induced by all Bacillus spp. strain-based treatments, while SV39-, S42- and SV65-based treatments were the most effective in suppressing by 50–53 and 65–52%, black dot severity and the relative vascular discoloration extent induced by F. oxysporum f. sp. tuberosi , respectively, relative to positive control. This biocontrol potential was associated with an enhancement of potato growth parameters. Field studies indicated that soil treatment with the most of the Bacillus spp. strains had significantly controlled all the target fungal soilborne diseases and improved at the least two growth and/or production parameters depending on the strain used and the cropping seasons. SV39-, SV41-, SV44- and SV104-based treatments resulted in a significant increase in tuber yield in one cropping season. Conclusion These Bacillus spp. strains could be used in combinations and/or introduced with other existing practices in order to provide supplemental control of target diseases and yield promotion under organic or conventional potato production systems.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135432212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00751-7
Aneela Nawaz, Sabeena Zafar, Muqaddas Shahzadi, Sayed Muhammad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari, Nasir Khan, Aamer Ali Shah, Malik Badshah, Samiullah Khan
Abstract Food demand is directly associated with the human population. Due to various plant diseases, there has been a reduction in crop yield. There is an extreme necessity to low such losses in crop yield to meet the rising demand for food. Novel and eco-friendly control approaches should be developed for combating bacterial diseases of crops. Recent control strategies that involve the usage of antibiotics or chemicals are no more effective because of resistance developed by bacterial species. Furthermore, the usage of such agents has proven to be not environmentally friendly. To overcome these issues, bacteriophages are used as an alternative solution. Phages are viruses that attack specific bacterial species, and within current years much consideration is received by them in controlling different diseases caused by bacteria. Phages can be used for controlling different crop-related diseases. Several phage-based products are accessible in the market. Compared to chemical control methods, phage biocontrol offers several advantages. Mixtures of phages can be employed to target pathogenic bacteria. Unlike chemical control strategies, phage mixtures can be readily adjusted to counter any potential resistance. This review summarizes the use of phages as a biocontrol agent against phytopathogens.
{"title":"Bacteriophages: an overview of the control strategies against phytopathogens","authors":"Aneela Nawaz, Sabeena Zafar, Muqaddas Shahzadi, Sayed Muhammad Ata Ullah Shah Bukhari, Nasir Khan, Aamer Ali Shah, Malik Badshah, Samiullah Khan","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00751-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00751-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Food demand is directly associated with the human population. Due to various plant diseases, there has been a reduction in crop yield. There is an extreme necessity to low such losses in crop yield to meet the rising demand for food. Novel and eco-friendly control approaches should be developed for combating bacterial diseases of crops. Recent control strategies that involve the usage of antibiotics or chemicals are no more effective because of resistance developed by bacterial species. Furthermore, the usage of such agents has proven to be not environmentally friendly. To overcome these issues, bacteriophages are used as an alternative solution. Phages are viruses that attack specific bacterial species, and within current years much consideration is received by them in controlling different diseases caused by bacteria. Phages can be used for controlling different crop-related diseases. Several phage-based products are accessible in the market. Compared to chemical control methods, phage biocontrol offers several advantages. Mixtures of phages can be employed to target pathogenic bacteria. Unlike chemical control strategies, phage mixtures can be readily adjusted to counter any potential resistance. This review summarizes the use of phages as a biocontrol agent against phytopathogens.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135819419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background Entomopathogenic fungi, representing a class of microbial agent, have been widely used in the field of pest management. The objective of this work was to isolate different species of fungi and to evaluate their virulence against the destructive and invasive red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Results Two new entomopathogenic fungal strains isolated from dead diseased RPWs were identified as Metarhizium anisopliae ZZ-A1 and Fusarium oxysporum ZZ-L1 using growth characteristics, morphology, and rDNA-ITS sequence amplification. Bioassays showed that M. anisopliae ZZ-A1 strain exhibited significantly higher corrected mortality than F. oxysporum ZZ-L1 strain (90.92 vs. 77.28%) in fourth instar RPW larvae 12 days after treatment with a concentration of 1.0 × 10 10 conidia/ml, as well as low median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and median lethal time (LT 50 ) values. Conclusions The results suggest that both fungal isolates can potentially be developed as effective and persistent a microbial agent against this widespread pest, RPW. However, M. anisopliae ZZ-A1 showed relatively higher insecticidal activity than F. oxysporum ZZ-L1.
{"title":"Development of potential microbial agents with two new entomopathogenic fungal strains to control the red palm weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)","authors":"Yu-Chen Pu, Zong-Wei Zheng, Can-Hui Ding, Xian-De Chen","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00754-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00754-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Entomopathogenic fungi, representing a class of microbial agent, have been widely used in the field of pest management. The objective of this work was to isolate different species of fungi and to evaluate their virulence against the destructive and invasive red palm weevil (RPW), Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Results Two new entomopathogenic fungal strains isolated from dead diseased RPWs were identified as Metarhizium anisopliae ZZ-A1 and Fusarium oxysporum ZZ-L1 using growth characteristics, morphology, and rDNA-ITS sequence amplification. Bioassays showed that M. anisopliae ZZ-A1 strain exhibited significantly higher corrected mortality than F. oxysporum ZZ-L1 strain (90.92 vs. 77.28%) in fourth instar RPW larvae 12 days after treatment with a concentration of 1.0 × 10 10 conidia/ml, as well as low median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) and median lethal time (LT 50 ) values. Conclusions The results suggest that both fungal isolates can potentially be developed as effective and persistent a microbial agent against this widespread pest, RPW. However, M. anisopliae ZZ-A1 showed relatively higher insecticidal activity than F. oxysporum ZZ-L1.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135933512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00752-6
Naglaa A. Taha, Mohsen Mohamed Elsharkawy, Aya A. Shoughy, Mohamed K. El-Kazzaz, Amr A. Khedr
Abstract Background Postharvest diseases cause a wide loss to tomato fruits during handling and storing from harvest to consumers. Fungicides are mainly used to control postharvest diseases. Biological control is the eco-friendly substitute strategy used for postharvest diseases management as which becoming promise worldwide. Six bacterial bioagent (i.e., Bacillus subtilis , B. amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas resinovorans, P. alcaligenes, P. putida and P. stutzeri ) were tested to suppress both Geotrichum candidum and Alternaria alternata causal agents of tomato fruit rots during storage. Results In vitro, most of bioagents significantly reduced mycelial growth rate of G. candidum . Both of B. subtilis and P. stutzeri were the most superior bacterial bioagents with values 67.03 and 72.2%, respectively. In addition, B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens resulted in the most superior over all antagonists against A. alternata . The lowest percent of disease incidence and severity of G. candidum were obtained by B. subtilis and P. stutzeri . The maximum reduction percent of it on tomato fruits was recorded by applying B. subtilis and P. stutzeri with values (90 and 87%) and (91, 89%) in both seasons, respectively. Also, the highest reduction of A. alternata was obtained by using B. subtilis, which resulted in 85 and 84% in both seasons, respectively. The application of bioagents against both pathogens was significantly improved fruit quality aspects (weight loss, vitamin C, TSS and acidity %) during storage period compared to infected control fruits. Conclusion The findings revealed that both of B. subtilis and P. stutzeri could be potential biological control agents against most postharvest pathogens of tomato fruits. This might be an alternative control strategy instead of fungicides which service the sustainable and organic farming.
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