Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00729-5
Hishar Mirsam, None Suriani, Sri Kurniawati, Oky Dwi Purwanto, Amran Muis, Syahrir Pakki, A. Tenrirawe, Nurnina Nonci, None Herawati, None Muslimin, Muhammad Azrai
Abstract Background One of the primary corn diseases, banded leaf and sheath blight, is carried on by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani . Efforts to control R. solani are more directed at environmentally friendly control using a biological control agent, such as Trichoderma spp. as antagonistic agents and plant growth promoter. This study aimed to identify T. asperellum isolates based on molecular characteristics and to determine the in vitro inhibition mechanism against R. solani and its role in enhancing the growth of corn seedlings. Results The HMRP7, HMRF7A, HMEDF1B, HMEDF6A, and CHM01 isolates were identified as T. asperellum with a genetic distance coefficient value of 0.000 and a very high similarity of 100%. Meanwhile, the RsHM isolate was identified as R. solani with a homology level of > 90% and genetic distance coefficient values ranging from 0.000 to 0.032. The antagonistic ability showed that the five T. asperellum isolates were able to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro on PDA medium with an inhibition percentage of ≥ 50%, so they were categorized as antagonist agents. T. asperellum showed the antagonistic mechanism in inhibiting the R. solani growth through the action of parasitism. The five T. asperellum isolates tested on corn seedlings showed a significantly high difference from the control treatment on the observational variables of maximum growth potential (MGP), growth rate (GtR), growth simultaneity (GS), vigor index (VI), germination rate (GR), and median germination time (T50). Conclusion CHM01 isolate showed better potential than other isolates in inhibiting the growth of R. solani in vitro on PDA medium with a parasitism mechanism and enhancing the growth of corn seedlings.
{"title":"In vitro inhibition mechanism of Trichoderma asperellum isolates from corn against Rhizoctonia solani causing banded leaf and sheath blight disease and its role in improving the growth of corn seedlings","authors":"Hishar Mirsam, None Suriani, Sri Kurniawati, Oky Dwi Purwanto, Amran Muis, Syahrir Pakki, A. Tenrirawe, Nurnina Nonci, None Herawati, None Muslimin, Muhammad Azrai","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00729-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00729-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background One of the primary corn diseases, banded leaf and sheath blight, is carried on by the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani . Efforts to control R. solani are more directed at environmentally friendly control using a biological control agent, such as Trichoderma spp. as antagonistic agents and plant growth promoter. This study aimed to identify T. asperellum isolates based on molecular characteristics and to determine the in vitro inhibition mechanism against R. solani and its role in enhancing the growth of corn seedlings. Results The HMRP7, HMRF7A, HMEDF1B, HMEDF6A, and CHM01 isolates were identified as T. asperellum with a genetic distance coefficient value of 0.000 and a very high similarity of 100%. Meanwhile, the RsHM isolate was identified as R. solani with a homology level of > 90% and genetic distance coefficient values ranging from 0.000 to 0.032. The antagonistic ability showed that the five T. asperellum isolates were able to inhibit the growth of R. solani in vitro on PDA medium with an inhibition percentage of ≥ 50%, so they were categorized as antagonist agents. T. asperellum showed the antagonistic mechanism in inhibiting the R. solani growth through the action of parasitism. The five T. asperellum isolates tested on corn seedlings showed a significantly high difference from the control treatment on the observational variables of maximum growth potential (MGP), growth rate (GtR), growth simultaneity (GS), vigor index (VI), germination rate (GR), and median germination time (T50). Conclusion CHM01 isolate showed better potential than other isolates in inhibiting the growth of R. solani in vitro on PDA medium with a parasitism mechanism and enhancing the growth of corn seedlings.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135010763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Background The most common soil-borne diseases in cotton are root rot and wilt, which are caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Taub) Butler and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum , respectively. These two diseases significantly reduce plant stand and production. Under extreme circumstances, the application of fungicides does not provide satisfactory management of these diseases and also pollutes the environment. The effect of biocontrol agents, their combinations and fungicides on root rot and wilt management and plant growth in Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum cultivars CSH-3129 and CICR-3 were studied during 2017–18 and 2018–19. Results Out of six isolates of Trichoderma spp., T. asperellum (Th-11) was the most effective for inhibiting the mycelial growth of R. solani and F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (64.4–100%). The combined seed treatment of T. asperellum (Th-11, c.f.u. 2 × 10 8 /g) + Pseudomonas fluorescens (c.f.u. 2 × 10 8 /g) + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; 1200 IP/g) resulted in the highest plant vigour index in CSH-3129 (890.9%) and CICR-3 cultivars (393.5%) at 15 days after treatment. Ninety days after sowing, the combined seed treatments of T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens + AMF followed by T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens showed the lowest area under the disease progress curve in CICR-3 and CSH 3129. Two-year pooled results indicated that the combined seed treatment with T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens + AMF reduced the root rot disease by 51 and 57.5% in CICR-3 and CSH-3129 cultivars, respectively, under field conditions. Conclusion The present investigation suggested that combined application of the most effective strains of T. asperellum (Th-11) @10 g/kg + P. fluorescens @10 g/kg and AMF @20 g/kg can effectively manage root rot and wilt diseases up to 60 days after sowing and enhance plant growth under field conditions. However, the application rates of these biocontrol agents vis-à-vis load of pathogen inoculum in the field must be further evaluated for improved and long-term effects.
{"title":"Combined application of effective Trichoderma, Pseudomonas and arbuscular mycorrhiza spp. reduced soil-borne diseases and boosted growth in cotton","authors":"Satish Kumar Sain, Hanwant Dewasi, Amarpreet Singh","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00739-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00739-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The most common soil-borne diseases in cotton are root rot and wilt, which are caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Taub) Butler and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum , respectively. These two diseases significantly reduce plant stand and production. Under extreme circumstances, the application of fungicides does not provide satisfactory management of these diseases and also pollutes the environment. The effect of biocontrol agents, their combinations and fungicides on root rot and wilt management and plant growth in Gossypium hirsutum and G. arboreum cultivars CSH-3129 and CICR-3 were studied during 2017–18 and 2018–19. Results Out of six isolates of Trichoderma spp., T. asperellum (Th-11) was the most effective for inhibiting the mycelial growth of R. solani and F. oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum (64.4–100%). The combined seed treatment of T. asperellum (Th-11, c.f.u. 2 × 10 8 /g) + Pseudomonas fluorescens (c.f.u. 2 × 10 8 /g) + arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF; 1200 IP/g) resulted in the highest plant vigour index in CSH-3129 (890.9%) and CICR-3 cultivars (393.5%) at 15 days after treatment. Ninety days after sowing, the combined seed treatments of T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens + AMF followed by T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens showed the lowest area under the disease progress curve in CICR-3 and CSH 3129. Two-year pooled results indicated that the combined seed treatment with T. asperellum (Th-11) + P. fluorescens + AMF reduced the root rot disease by 51 and 57.5% in CICR-3 and CSH-3129 cultivars, respectively, under field conditions. Conclusion The present investigation suggested that combined application of the most effective strains of T. asperellum (Th-11) @10 g/kg + P. fluorescens @10 g/kg and AMF @20 g/kg can effectively manage root rot and wilt diseases up to 60 days after sowing and enhance plant growth under field conditions. However, the application rates of these biocontrol agents vis-à-vis load of pathogen inoculum in the field must be further evaluated for improved and long-term effects.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135153183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-16DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00735-7
Hager M. M. Saleh, Debjani Dey, Bhoopal Singh Tomar
Abstract Background The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a serious and economically important pest of crucifers in Delhi, India. Larvae and pupae of the pest were collected from the cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli crops grown in vegetable fields at the farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi-110012, from December 2021 to June 2022. The larvae and pupae of the pest were transferred to the laboratory and reared for emergence of parasitoids’ adults at 25 ± 0.5 °C and RH 70 ± 5%. Results Four parasitoid species were emerged, viz. Apanteles mohandasi Sumodan & Narendran 1990, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday, 1834), Diadegma insulare (Cresson, 1865) and Diadromus collaris (Gravenhorst, 1829). Among them, A. mohandasi , C. vestalis and D. collaris were reported for the first time in Delhi, whereas D. insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is recorded here for the first time in India. Additionally, the first record of parasitism by A. mohandasi on P. xylostella from Delhi was established. The highest parasitism percentage was that of C. vestalis and D. collaris . Moreover, higher parasitism rate was recorded during May 2022 in organically cultivated fields. The parasitism percentage by A. mohandasi , C. vestalis , D. insulare and D. collaris was 7.5, 22.5, 12.5 and 15%, respectively. Conversely, in conventionally farmed fields, the parasitism rates were 3.57, 16.67, 10 and 13.33%, respectively. Conclusion The use of biological control agents particularly the parasitoids in the IPM program of P. xylostella should be considered, thereby reducing reliance on insecticides and increasing the efficacy of hymenopteran parasitoids.
{"title":"The hymenopterous parasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), on cruciferous vegetables in Delhi, India","authors":"Hager M. M. Saleh, Debjani Dey, Bhoopal Singh Tomar","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00735-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00735-7","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background The diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), is a serious and economically important pest of crucifers in Delhi, India. Larvae and pupae of the pest were collected from the cabbage, cauliflower and broccoli crops grown in vegetable fields at the farm of ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi-110012, from December 2021 to June 2022. The larvae and pupae of the pest were transferred to the laboratory and reared for emergence of parasitoids’ adults at 25 ± 0.5 °C and RH 70 ± 5%. Results Four parasitoid species were emerged, viz. Apanteles mohandasi Sumodan & Narendran 1990, Cotesia vestalis (Haliday, 1834), Diadegma insulare (Cresson, 1865) and Diadromus collaris (Gravenhorst, 1829). Among them, A. mohandasi , C. vestalis and D. collaris were reported for the first time in Delhi, whereas D. insulare (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) is recorded here for the first time in India. Additionally, the first record of parasitism by A. mohandasi on P. xylostella from Delhi was established. The highest parasitism percentage was that of C. vestalis and D. collaris . Moreover, higher parasitism rate was recorded during May 2022 in organically cultivated fields. The parasitism percentage by A. mohandasi , C. vestalis , D. insulare and D. collaris was 7.5, 22.5, 12.5 and 15%, respectively. Conversely, in conventionally farmed fields, the parasitism rates were 3.57, 16.67, 10 and 13.33%, respectively. Conclusion The use of biological control agents particularly the parasitoids in the IPM program of P. xylostella should be considered, thereby reducing reliance on insecticides and increasing the efficacy of hymenopteran parasitoids.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135306751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00737-5
A. Meddad-Hamza, F. Benzina, C. Meddad, N. Hamza, A. Reghmit, H. Ziane, H. Ksentini
Abstract Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma harzianum are effective bioagents against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae in tomato plants. The objective of the research was to evaluate the in vivo antagonistic activity of AMF and T. harzianum against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt by enhancing the growth and resistance of tomato plants. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of twelve treatments with nine replicates for each treatment. The treatments included combinations of AMF and T. harzianum inoculation, infection or non-infection by F. oxysporum and V. dahliae, while also considering individual and combined treatments. Mycorrhization rates, growth parameters, disease severity, disease progression, and the impact on disease mitigation were evaluated. Results The study revealed the superiority of AMF over T. harzianum , resulting in a significant enhancement in the overall extent of mycorrhizal colonization in tomato plants co-inoculated with T. harzianum . Moreover, AMF treatments and the AMF + T. harzianum consortium contributed to the improvement in growth among all plants infected with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum . Both AMF and T. harzianum significantly reduced the progression of Fusarium wilt, resulting in reductions of 45.14 and 44.91%, respectively, than the untreated plants infected with F. oxysporum (initial disease severity of 75.54%). T. harzianum demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing V. dahliae infection, with a reduction of 34.45% compared to 28.26% for AMF, starting from an initial disease severity of 69.85%. Thus, T. harzianum demonstrated greater effectiveness in controlling disease, particularly Verticillium wilt. Conclusion The target application of disease control methods in tomato plants revealed the effectiveness of both AMF and T. harzianum in mitigating Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, T. harzianum demonstrated a higher level of effectiveness against Verticillium wilt. These findings emphasize the potential of AMF and T. harzianum as sustainable alternatives in agriculture, providing a viable option to decrease dependence on fungicides.
{"title":"Biological control of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma harzianum against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae induced wilt in tomato plants","authors":"A. Meddad-Hamza, F. Benzina, C. Meddad, N. Hamza, A. Reghmit, H. Ziane, H. Ksentini","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00737-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00737-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and Trichoderma harzianum are effective bioagents against Fusarium oxysporum and Verticillium dahliae in tomato plants. The objective of the research was to evaluate the in vivo antagonistic activity of AMF and T. harzianum against Verticillium and Fusarium wilt by enhancing the growth and resistance of tomato plants. A completely randomized experimental design was used, consisting of twelve treatments with nine replicates for each treatment. The treatments included combinations of AMF and T. harzianum inoculation, infection or non-infection by F. oxysporum and V. dahliae, while also considering individual and combined treatments. Mycorrhization rates, growth parameters, disease severity, disease progression, and the impact on disease mitigation were evaluated. Results The study revealed the superiority of AMF over T. harzianum , resulting in a significant enhancement in the overall extent of mycorrhizal colonization in tomato plants co-inoculated with T. harzianum . Moreover, AMF treatments and the AMF + T. harzianum consortium contributed to the improvement in growth among all plants infected with V. dahliae and F. oxysporum . Both AMF and T. harzianum significantly reduced the progression of Fusarium wilt, resulting in reductions of 45.14 and 44.91%, respectively, than the untreated plants infected with F. oxysporum (initial disease severity of 75.54%). T. harzianum demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing V. dahliae infection, with a reduction of 34.45% compared to 28.26% for AMF, starting from an initial disease severity of 69.85%. Thus, T. harzianum demonstrated greater effectiveness in controlling disease, particularly Verticillium wilt. Conclusion The target application of disease control methods in tomato plants revealed the effectiveness of both AMF and T. harzianum in mitigating Fusarium wilt. Furthermore, T. harzianum demonstrated a higher level of effectiveness against Verticillium wilt. These findings emphasize the potential of AMF and T. harzianum as sustainable alternatives in agriculture, providing a viable option to decrease dependence on fungicides.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00738-4
Dogancan Kahya
Abstract Background Augmentative biological control is a crucial component of Integrated Pest Management, and Orius laevigatus Fieber (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is an important predator used commercially. However, the two-sex life table parameters of O. laevigatus on Planoccocus citri Risso , and P. solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) have not been fully characterised. This study aimed to assess the potential of P. citri and, P. solenopsis as prey for mass-rearing the predatory bug. To accomplish this, three different prey items (individuals of P. citri , P. soleneopsis , and eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)) were used to determine the life table parameters of the minute pirate bug. Results Daily and total fecundity, adult longevity, APOP, TPOP, and pre-adult periods were calculated in this study. The results showed that daily fecundity was 7.4 ± 0.10, 4.41 ± 0.08, 3.47 ± 0.08, and adult longevity was 20.9 ± 0.47, 15.17 ± 0.31, 14.03 ± 0.39 on E. kuehniella , P. solenopsis and P. citri , respectively. Net reproduction rate ( R 0 ) was 57.23 ± 11.35, 17.27 ± 3.57, 11.05 ± 2.30, and the intrinsic rate of increase ( r ) was 0.172 ± 0.009, 0.084 ± 0.006, 0.069 ± 0.006 on E. kuehniella , P. soleneopsis , and P. citri , respectively. Additionally, finite rate of increase ( λ ), gross reproductive rate (GRR), and mean generation time ( T ) were calculated on the three tested prey. Conclusion Overall, the results showed that eggs of E. kuehniella were the most suitable prey for the mass-rearing of O. laevigatus . Although P. citri and P. solenopsis had worse results than E. kuehniella , P. solenopsis may still have potential, and O. laevigatus could potentially be used against this pest with further studies in laboratory and field conditions.
背景增强型生物防治是害虫综合治理的重要组成部分，而黑花螟蛾(半翅目:蚁科)是重要的商业捕食性害虫。然而，对柑橘平ococcus citri Risso和P. solenopsis Tinsley(半翅目:假球虫科)的雌雄生命表参数尚未完全确定。本研究旨在评估柑橘和扶桑拟虫作为大规模饲养食虫的潜在猎物。为了实现这一目标，使用三种不同的猎物(柑桔P. citri, P. soleneopsis, P. kuehniella Zeller(鳞翅目:Pyralidae))的个体和卵)来确定微小盗蝽的生命表参数。结果计算了日繁殖力、总繁殖力、成虫寿命、APOP、TPOP和成虫期。结果表明，库氏伊氏杆菌、扶桑拟虫和柑橘拟虫的日繁殖量分别为7.4±0.10、4.41±0.08、3.47±0.08，成虫寿命分别为20.9±0.47、15.17±0.31、14.03±0.39。kuehniella、P. soleneopsis和P. citri的净繁殖率(R)分别为57.23±11.35、17.27±3.57、11.05±2.30，内在增长率(R)分别为0.172±0.009、0.084±0.006、0.069±0.006。此外，还计算了三种被试猎物的有限增长率(λ)、总繁殖率(GRR)和平均世代时间(T)。结论总体而言，库氏伊蚊卵是拉伊伊蚊最适合大规模饲养的猎物。虽然柑橘假单胞虫和扶桑假单胞虫的防治效果不如库氏伊布氏虫，但扶桑假单胞虫仍有潜在的防治潜力，而莱维吉纳乌斯虫在实验室和田间条件下的进一步研究仍有可能用于防治库氏伊布氏虫。
{"title":"A comparative study of two-sex life table parameters of Orius laevigatus fieber (Hemiptera: anthocoridae) on two mealybug species, Planococcus citri Risso, and P. solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)","authors":"Dogancan Kahya","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00738-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00738-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Augmentative biological control is a crucial component of Integrated Pest Management, and Orius laevigatus Fieber (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is an important predator used commercially. However, the two-sex life table parameters of O. laevigatus on Planoccocus citri Risso , and P. solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) have not been fully characterised. This study aimed to assess the potential of P. citri and, P. solenopsis as prey for mass-rearing the predatory bug. To accomplish this, three different prey items (individuals of P. citri , P. soleneopsis , and eggs of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)) were used to determine the life table parameters of the minute pirate bug. Results Daily and total fecundity, adult longevity, APOP, TPOP, and pre-adult periods were calculated in this study. The results showed that daily fecundity was 7.4 ± 0.10, 4.41 ± 0.08, 3.47 ± 0.08, and adult longevity was 20.9 ± 0.47, 15.17 ± 0.31, 14.03 ± 0.39 on E. kuehniella , P. solenopsis and P. citri , respectively. Net reproduction rate ( R 0 ) was 57.23 ± 11.35, 17.27 ± 3.57, 11.05 ± 2.30, and the intrinsic rate of increase ( r ) was 0.172 ± 0.009, 0.084 ± 0.006, 0.069 ± 0.006 on E. kuehniella , P. soleneopsis , and P. citri , respectively. Additionally, finite rate of increase ( λ ), gross reproductive rate (GRR), and mean generation time ( T ) were calculated on the three tested prey. Conclusion Overall, the results showed that eggs of E. kuehniella were the most suitable prey for the mass-rearing of O. laevigatus . Although P. citri and P. solenopsis had worse results than E. kuehniella , P. solenopsis may still have potential, and O. laevigatus could potentially be used against this pest with further studies in laboratory and field conditions.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135436793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00736-6
Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, Sajjad Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid, Nimra Altaf
Abstract Background Temperature alters host suitability for the development of parasitoids through direct (thermal effect) and indirect (parental effect) pathways. The effects of three temperature regimes on the development and survival of two parasitoid species, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides (Narayanan) and Cirrospilus ingenuus Gahan (Eulophidae: Hymenoptera) of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was evaluated. The experiment was conducted at 20, 25, and 30°C temperatures with 65 ± 2% relative humidity (R.H.) and 16h: 8h (L: D) photoperiod. Results In C. phyllocnistoides , the pre-ovipositional period was longer at 20°C, while non- significant difference was observed in the pre-ovipositional period of C. ingenuus under the effect of different temperatures ( P > 0.05). The ovipositional period of C. phyllocnistoides and C. ingenuus was higher at 20°C and gradually decreased by increasing the temperature. Non- significant ( P > 0.05) difference was found in post-ovipositional period of both parasitoid species. Both species exhibited the maximum fecundity at 25°C, while, the minimum fecundity was recorded at 30°C. However, the adult longevity of both parasitoid species was highest at 20°C and gradually decreased by increasing the temperature. In both parasitoids, the parasitism rate was highest at 25°C. Conclusion This study highlighted the importance of thermal effects on some parasitoid species of insect pests to predict the future of trophic dynamics in global warming situations.
{"title":"Temperature-dependent effects on some biological aspects of two ectoparasitoids of Phyllocnistis citrella (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae)","authors":"Muhammad Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Arshad, Sajjad Ali, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid, Nimra Altaf","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00736-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00736-6","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Temperature alters host suitability for the development of parasitoids through direct (thermal effect) and indirect (parental effect) pathways. The effects of three temperature regimes on the development and survival of two parasitoid species, Citrostichus phyllocnistoides (Narayanan) and Cirrospilus ingenuus Gahan (Eulophidae: Hymenoptera) of the citrus leafminer, Phyllocnistis citrella Stainton (Lepidoptera: Gracillariidae) was evaluated. The experiment was conducted at 20, 25, and 30°C temperatures with 65 ± 2% relative humidity (R.H.) and 16h: 8h (L: D) photoperiod. Results In C. phyllocnistoides , the pre-ovipositional period was longer at 20°C, while non- significant difference was observed in the pre-ovipositional period of C. ingenuus under the effect of different temperatures ( P > 0.05). The ovipositional period of C. phyllocnistoides and C. ingenuus was higher at 20°C and gradually decreased by increasing the temperature. Non- significant ( P > 0.05) difference was found in post-ovipositional period of both parasitoid species. Both species exhibited the maximum fecundity at 25°C, while, the minimum fecundity was recorded at 30°C. However, the adult longevity of both parasitoid species was highest at 20°C and gradually decreased by increasing the temperature. In both parasitoids, the parasitism rate was highest at 25°C. Conclusion This study highlighted the importance of thermal effects on some parasitoid species of insect pests to predict the future of trophic dynamics in global warming situations.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134912593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00734-8
G. K. Sujayanand, Sonika Pandey, R. Jagadeeswaran, Anup Chandra, Vaibhav Kumar, Sachin Dubey, Jyotirmay Dubey
{"title":"Publisher Correction: Characterization of entomotoxic and nematotoxic genes from indigenous Bacillus thuringiensis strains and their biocontrol potential","authors":"G. K. Sujayanand, Sonika Pandey, R. Jagadeeswaran, Anup Chandra, Vaibhav Kumar, Sachin Dubey, Jyotirmay Dubey","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00734-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00734-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00733-9
Hend O. Mohamed, A. H. El-Heneidy, Hassan F. Dahi
Abstract Background Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the new alien destructive pests of maize and other 350 economic crops. The majority of farmers are still depended upon chemical insecticides to suppress the pest, but S. frugiperda has succeeded to develop resistance against most of the chemical families. Improving an effective environmentally-friendly approach is highly recommended. Therefore, the egg parasitoids are the best weapon for managing the FAW in the early egg stage due to the feeding behavior of their larvae. In this regard, the impact of FAW egg mass layers and scale thicknesses, as physical barriers, on the parasitic performance of the egg-parasitoid species, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), in non-choice and choice tests was assessed. Besides, the efficacy of FAW-produced adult wasps on the next generation based on the rates of parasitism, adults' emergence, and female progeny was determined. Results Obtained results exhibited that T. bactrae was able to parasitize all exposed FAW egg masses but with different rates related to the layers’ number and scales' thicknesses in both tests. One-layer (83.18, 78.24%) and two-layer egg masses (65.99, 76.42%) had significantly the highest parasitism rate, while three layers (42.15, 46.05%) was the least one, in both tests, respectively. All parasitoids emerged after 10–12 days with high rates (~ 88–98%) from all the tested egg masses, and the majority offspring were female-biased in both tests. Furthermore, parasitic performance in F 1 progeny was similar with that recorded in parental generation in terms of parasitism rate, high parasitoid emergency (~ 87–95%), and strongly female-biased (~ 68–76%) in all the exposed egg masses. Conclusions The egg parasitoid, T. bactrae, could be an efficient and recommended bio-control agent against FAW as its greatest ability to overcome the layers’ number and scales’ thickness.
{"title":"Impact of egg mass layers and scale thicknesses of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on the parasitic performance of Trichogrammatoidea bactrae (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)","authors":"Hend O. Mohamed, A. H. El-Heneidy, Hassan F. Dahi","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00733-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00733-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is one of the new alien destructive pests of maize and other 350 economic crops. The majority of farmers are still depended upon chemical insecticides to suppress the pest, but S. frugiperda has succeeded to develop resistance against most of the chemical families. Improving an effective environmentally-friendly approach is highly recommended. Therefore, the egg parasitoids are the best weapon for managing the FAW in the early egg stage due to the feeding behavior of their larvae. In this regard, the impact of FAW egg mass layers and scale thicknesses, as physical barriers, on the parasitic performance of the egg-parasitoid species, Trichogrammatoidea bactrae Nagaraja (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), in non-choice and choice tests was assessed. Besides, the efficacy of FAW-produced adult wasps on the next generation based on the rates of parasitism, adults' emergence, and female progeny was determined. Results Obtained results exhibited that T. bactrae was able to parasitize all exposed FAW egg masses but with different rates related to the layers’ number and scales' thicknesses in both tests. One-layer (83.18, 78.24%) and two-layer egg masses (65.99, 76.42%) had significantly the highest parasitism rate, while three layers (42.15, 46.05%) was the least one, in both tests, respectively. All parasitoids emerged after 10–12 days with high rates (~ 88–98%) from all the tested egg masses, and the majority offspring were female-biased in both tests. Furthermore, parasitic performance in F 1 progeny was similar with that recorded in parental generation in terms of parasitism rate, high parasitoid emergency (~ 87–95%), and strongly female-biased (~ 68–76%) in all the exposed egg masses. Conclusions The egg parasitoid, T. bactrae, could be an efficient and recommended bio-control agent against FAW as its greatest ability to overcome the layers’ number and scales’ thickness.","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135938524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00732-w
F. Ehteshami, M. Aleosfoor, H. Allahyari, A. Kavousi, L. Fekrat
{"title":"Correction: Comparative demography, population projection, functional response and host age preference behavior of the parasitoid Goniozus legneri on two lepidopterous insect hosts","authors":"F. Ehteshami, M. Aleosfoor, H. Allahyari, A. Kavousi, L. Fekrat","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00732-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00732-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45019597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-30DOI: 10.1186/s41938-023-00731-x
Huma Khurshid, Hafsah Zaheer, F. Yunus, F. Manzoor, Aasma Abdul Latif, F. Rashid
{"title":"Site-directed mutagenesis in Cry proteins of Bacillusthuringiensis to demonstrate the role of domain II and domain III in toxicity enhancement toward Spodopteralitura","authors":"Huma Khurshid, Hafsah Zaheer, F. Yunus, F. Manzoor, Aasma Abdul Latif, F. Rashid","doi":"10.1186/s41938-023-00731-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s41938-023-00731-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11514,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43193412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：