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[Surface expression of costimulatory molecules CD28/CTLA-4 on peripheral blood T lymphocytes in the course of type 1 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents]. [儿童和青少年1型糖尿病患者外周血T淋巴细胞表面共刺激分子CD28/CTLA-4的表达]。
Przemysław Pawłowski, Mirosława Urban, Anna Stasiak-Barmuta

Background: Type 1 diabetes is mediated by autoreactive - T lymphocytes recognizing pancreatic islet cell antigens. CD28/CTLA-4 costimulatory molecules participate in the transduction of the necessary signal in T lymphocytes proliferation and play an important role in the development of autoimmunological process.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was: to evaluate whether the expression of CD28, CTLA-4 molecules on peripheral blood T lymphocytes alters in the course of disease -- diabetes lasting less than 5 years and over 5 years; to assess a relationship between the percentage of CD28, CTLA-4 on T cells and the evolution of vascular complications (microalbuminuria, arterial hypertension, diabetic retinopathy).

Material and methods: The study was carried out in three groups of subjects - 60 children (aged 9-20) with diagnosed type 1 diabetes: (a) (20 n) with the disease lasting >5 years, (b) (20 n) with type 1 diabetes lasting >5 years without vascular complications, (c) (20 n) with type 1 diabetes and vascular complications (microalbuminuria, arterial hypertension, diabetic retinopathy). The control group consisted of 20 healthy volunteers (aged 6-17). The expression of adhesion molecules has been evaluated by using three-color flow cytometry (Coulter EPICS XL). HbA1c concentration has been analysed by liquid chromatography technique HPLC-Variant (Bio-Rad).

Results: In the study, the superficial expression of CTLA-4 receptor on T lymphocytes was enhanced in children with diabetes lasting <5 years (p<0.005) and over 5 years without vascular complications (p<0.01) versus healthy patients and tend to normalize in the presence of developing vascular complications In contrast, the expression of costimulatory molecule CD28 was decreased in children with type 1 diabetes lasting <5 years (p<0.05) as well as in children with developing vascular complications (p<0.01) versus the control group.

背景:1型糖尿病是由自身反应性T淋巴细胞识别胰岛细胞抗原介导的。CD28/CTLA-4共刺激分子参与T淋巴细胞增殖过程中必要信号的转导,在自身免疫过程的发展中发挥重要作用。目的:本研究的目的是:评估外周血T淋巴细胞CD28、CTLA-4分子的表达是否在疾病过程中发生变化——持续时间小于5年和大于5年的糖尿病;评估T细胞上CD28、CTLA-4的百分比与血管并发症(微量白蛋白尿、动脉性高血压、糖尿病视网膜病变)演变之间的关系。材料和方法:本研究在三组受试者中进行,60名诊断为1型糖尿病的儿童(9-20岁):(a)病程>5年的(20名),(b)病程>5年无血管并发症的(20名),(c)病程>5年的(20名),伴有血管并发症(微量白蛋白尿、动脉高血压、糖尿病视网膜病变)的(20名)。对照组由20名6-17岁的健康志愿者组成。采用三色流式细胞术(Coulter EPICS XL)检测粘附分子的表达。采用HPLC-Variant (Bio-Rad)液相色谱技术分析HbA1c浓度。结果:慢性糖尿病患儿T淋巴细胞表面CTLA-4受体表达增强
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引用次数: 0
[Transplantation in diabetes type 1--current problems and perspectives]. [1型糖尿病的移植——当前问题和观点]。
Renata Wasikowa, Anna Noczyńska, Aleksander Basiak

Diabetes type 1 is, as we know, a chronic progressive disease, which requires a substitutional therapy with insulin for the whole life. The cause is a definite destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. For many years there have been intensive investigations on the possibility to obtain a complete, persistent withdrawal of the symptoms. Substitution of the destroyed, not active cells, could take place after transplantation of the whole pancreas, transplantation of pancreatic islets or transplantation of stem cells. This is now the only method which may cause an independence from exogenous insulin, persistent normoglycemia, normal HbA1c level, without risk of hypoglycemia. Pancreas and islets transplantations, however, are connected till now with the necessity of an immunosuppressive therapy for the whole life, with the toxicity of the drugs, incidence of frequent infections and malignancy. Pancreas transplantation is a serious surgical intervention, connected with numerous risks and complications, considerably less risk appears in islet cell transplantations. Since 2000 exclusively islet cell transplantations have been performed. One of the leading centers is Edmonton, where professor Shapiro prepared the so called. Edmonton protocol which is characterized by using corticosteroid-free immunosuppressive drugs, islet cells from two or more donors, repeated till the attainment of insulin dependence. A problem now is that the islets are obtained from cadavers. Therefore intensive research is conducted for alternative sources of beta cells. At this moment it is mostly preferred for receiving a sufficient number of insulin producing cells to develop stem cells with a subsequent differentiation to insulin producing cells. The mentioned cells have an unlimited ability of reproduction, in this case also immunosuppressive therapy is not necessary. Alternative sources of beta cells are cells achieved on the genetic engineering, embryonic or adult somatic stem cells. It is however important to stress, that adult stem cells as insulin producing cells are not unequivocally identified. For obtaining better, permanent results after transplantation the following are important: optimalization of "islands growth" in the liver, prevention of the early inflammations, further development of highly selective, well tolerated, corticosteroid-free immunosuppressive drugs, identification of rejecting markers, induction of immunotolerance, micro- and macro-capsulation of the islets to protect the recipient against the immunological attack. Several multicenter studies in important scientific centers are opened, there is also Juvenile Research Foundation International. In spite of a permanent progress there are still many important problems to solve. It is necessary to institute further multicenter, international research to ascertain the effect of transplantation concerning the normalisation of glycemia, prevention or inhibition of the progress of diabetic complications

正如我们所知,1型糖尿病是一种慢性进行性疾病,需要终生用胰岛素替代治疗。原因是胰腺细胞的破坏。多年来,人们一直在深入研究获得完全、持久的症状戒断的可能性。在整个胰腺移植、胰岛移植或干细胞移植后,可以替代被破坏的、不活跃的细胞。这是目前唯一可能导致不依赖外源性胰岛素、持续血糖正常、HbA1c水平正常、无低血糖风险的方法。然而,胰腺和胰岛移植至今仍与终身免疫抑制治疗的必要性、药物的毒性、频繁感染和恶性肿瘤的发生率有关。胰腺移植是一项严重的外科手术,有许多风险和并发症,胰岛细胞移植的风险要小得多。自2000年以来,专门进行了胰岛细胞移植。埃德蒙顿是主要的研究中心之一,夏皮罗教授在那里准备了所谓的。埃德蒙顿方案的特点是使用不含皮质类固醇的免疫抑制药物,从两个或两个以上供体获得胰岛细胞,重复直到达到胰岛素依赖。现在的问题是,这些胰岛是从尸体上获得的。因此,对β细胞的替代来源进行了深入的研究。此时,它更倾向于接受足够数量的胰岛素产生细胞来发育干细胞,并随后分化为胰岛素产生细胞。上述细胞具有无限的繁殖能力,在这种情况下也不需要免疫抑制治疗。β细胞的替代来源是通过基因工程获得的细胞,胚胎或成体干细胞。然而,重要的是要强调,成人干细胞作为胰岛素产生细胞并没有明确确定。为了在移植后获得更好的、永久性的结果,以下是重要的:优化肝脏“岛屿生长”,预防早期炎症,进一步开发高选择性、耐受性良好、不含皮质类固醇的免疫抑制药物,识别排斥标志物,诱导免疫耐受,对胰岛进行微观和宏观胶囊化以保护受体免受免疫攻击。在几个重要的科学中心开设了多中心研究,还有国际青少年研究基金会。尽管取得了永久的进展,但仍有许多重要的问题需要解决。有必要开展更多的国际多中心研究,以确定移植对1型糖尿病患者移植后血糖正常化、预防或抑制糖尿病并发症进展以及延长患者寿命的影响。
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引用次数: 0
[How often does decreased consciousness of hypoglycaemia occur in children and adolescents with diabetes type 1 and what are its consequences?]. [儿童和青少年1型糖尿病患者低血糖意识下降的频率及其后果是什么?]
Jadwiga Peczyńska, Mirosława Urban, Barbara Głowińska, Bozena Florys

Unlabelled: The inability of the patient to recognize the risk of hypoglycemia is a very frequent phenomenon, but it is also often an underestimated complication in diabetes treated with insulin. The results of DCCT trial revealed that intensification in insulin therapy increases three-fold the risk of severe hypoglycaemia. Feeling the state of hypoglycaemia is the basic defensive mechanism in patients with diabetes type 1, making possible to start the self treatment. The decreased consciousness of hypoglycaemia makes limitations to intensive insulin therapy, which main aim is to stop later complications. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was to answer the questions: 1. How often does lack of consciousness of hypoglycaemia occur in children and adolescents with diabetes type 1. 2. What are the possible factors influencing appearance of hypoglycaemia. 3. Is lack of hypoglycaemia consciousness of a risk factor for severe hypoglycaemia.

Material and methods: The study was carried out on 318 patients aged x=13.6 yrs (4-21), suffering from diabetes, mean 6.6 yrs (2-18). The study was retrospective taking into consideration the period from 1.01.1998 to 31.12.2002.

Results: In the analysis of the questionnaire assessing the occurrence of hypoglycaemia it was found that 82 patients (25.8%) have problems with feeling the state of hypoglycaemia. We analyzed the influence of time of lasting diabetes and we found that patients with a longer duration of the disease more frequently have problems with feeling hypoglycaemia, 57% patients with lack of hypoglycaemia consciousness have bad metabolic control of the disease. In the analyzed period, 64 incidences of severe hypoglycaemia in 48 patients (30 boys and 18 girls) were found. In patients with lack of consciousness of feeling hypoglycaemia the incidences of severe hypoglycaemia occurred ten times more frequently compared to patients who feel hypoglycaemia. Sleeping makes it impossible to perceive early symptoms of hypoglycaemia: in our patients 51 severe incidences (79.7%) occurred at 1.00-3.00 a.m., 6 (9.3%) occurred at daybreak and 7 (11%) in the evening.

Conclusions: 1. In patients with diabetes type 1 the lack of hypoglycaemia consciousness occurs in about 25%. 2. The lack of hypoglycaemia consciousness is closely connected with time of diabetes duration and with recurrence of hypoglycaemia incidences. 3. Patients with lack of hypoglycaemia consciousness are at greater risk for severe hypoglycemia.

未标记:患者无法识别低血糖的风险是一个非常常见的现象,但在胰岛素治疗的糖尿病中,这也是一个经常被低估的并发症。DCCT试验结果显示,胰岛素强化治疗使严重低血糖的风险增加三倍。感知低血糖状态是1型糖尿病患者的基本防御机制,使自我治疗成为可能。低血糖意识的降低限制了胰岛素强化治疗,其主要目的是阻止后期并发症。本研究的目的是回答以下问题:1。儿童和青少年1型糖尿病患者缺乏低血糖意识的频率是多少?2. 影响低血糖症状的可能因素有哪些?3.缺乏低血糖意识是发生严重低血糖的危险因素之一。材料与方法:研究对象为318例糖尿病患者,年龄x=13.6岁(4-21岁),平均6.6岁(2-18岁)。该研究是回顾性的,研究时间为1998年1月1日至2002年12月31日。结果:对低血糖发生情况问卷进行分析,发现有82例(25.8%)患者存在低血糖状态感觉问题。我们分析了糖尿病持续时间的影响,发现病程越长患者出现感觉低血糖问题的频率越高,57%低血糖意识缺乏的患者对疾病的代谢控制较差。在分析期间,48例(男30例,女18例)发生64例严重低血糖。无低血糖意识的患者发生严重低血糖的频率是有低血糖意识的患者的10倍。睡眠使得无法察觉低血糖的早期症状:在我们的患者中,51例(79.7%)发生在凌晨1 -3点,6例(9.3%)发生在黎明,7例(11%)发生在晚上。结论:1。在1型糖尿病患者中,大约25%的人缺乏低血糖意识。2. 低血糖意识的缺乏与糖尿病病程时间和低血糖发病率的复发密切相关。3.低血糖意识缺乏的患者发生严重低血糖的风险较大。
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引用次数: 0
[Changes in concentrations of circulating insulin-like growth factors I and II and binding proteins BP-2 and BP-3 in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia]. [急性淋巴细胞白血病患儿循环胰岛素样生长因子I和II及结合蛋白BP-2和BP-3浓度的变化]。
Maryna Krawczuk-Rybak, Anna Kitszel, Sławomir Wołczyński

Unlabelled: We determined serum levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1, IGF-2) and binding proteins (IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3) at diagnosis (I), during (II) and after therapy (III) in 28 children treated for ALL.

Results: 1) Serum absolute levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-3 rose and IGFBP-2 - decreased during analysis. 2) Mean values of IGF-1 SDS were similar at diagnosis, during and after treatment (-1.78+/-0.9 vs. -1.86+/-1.36 vs. -1.8+/-0.83). IGF-2 SDS rose from 0.06+/-1.45 (I) to 0.64+/-1.4 (II) and to 0.83+/- 2.01 (III) and IGFBP-3 SDS increased from -0.23+/-2.23 (I) to 0.92+/-1.95 (II) and to 1.76+/-2.43 (III). IGFBP-2 SDS were elevated at diagnosis, during and after treatment 11.94+/-9.42 (I) and 10.58+/-7.37 (II) and to 7.90+/-7.20 (III). 3) We observed positive correlations between: a) IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 at diagnosis (r=0.58 p=0.0001), during (r=0.69 p=0.0001) and after treatment (r=0.79 p=0.00001), b) IGF-1 and IGF-2 at diagnosis (r=0.57 p=0.00001) and after the end of therapy (r=0.48 p=0.01) c) IGF-2 and IGFBP-3 at diagnosis (r=0.7 p=0.0004) and after treatment (r=0.64 p=0.003) and d) negative correlation between IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 - at diagnosis (r=0.38 p=0.02) and after treatment (r=0.43 p=0.02).

Conclusions: Decreased serum IGF-1 and elevated IGFBP-2 were observed at diagnosis and during treatment for ALL suggesting that especially IGFBP-2 may be related to the proliferation of lymphoblasts.

未标记:我们测定了28例ALL患儿在诊断时(I)、治疗期间(II)和治疗后(III)的血清胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1、IGF-2)和结合蛋白(IGFBP-2和IGFBP-3)水平。结果:1)分析期间血清IGF-1、IGF-2、IGFBP-3绝对水平升高,IGFBP-2 -绝对水平降低。2)诊断时、治疗期间和治疗后IGF-1 SDS的平均值相似(-1.78+/-0.9 vs -1.86+/-1.36 vs -1.8+/-0.83)。IGF-2 SDS从0.06+/-1.45 (I)上升到0.64+/-1.4 (II)和0.83+/- 2.01 (III), IGFBP-3 SDS从-0.23+/-2.23 (I)上升到0.92+/-1.95 (II)和1.76+/-2.43 (III)。IGFBP-2 SDS在诊断时、治疗期间和治疗后均升高11.94+/-9.42 (I)和10.58+/-7.37 (II)和7.90+/-7.20 (III)。a)诊断时IGF-1和IGFBP-3 (r=0.58 p=0.0001)、治疗期间(r=0.69 p=0.0001)和治疗后(r=0.79 p=0.00001), b)诊断时IGF-1和IGF-2 (r=0.57 p=0.00001)和治疗结束后(r=0.48 p=0.01), c)诊断时IGF-2和IGFBP-3 (r=0.7 p=0.0004)和治疗后(r=0.64 p=0.003), d) IGF-1和IGFBP-2 -诊断时(r=0.38 p=0.02)和治疗后(r=0.43 p=0.02)呈负相关。结论:ALL患者在诊断和治疗过程中血清IGF-1降低,IGFBP-2升高,提示IGFBP-2可能与淋巴细胞增殖有关。
{"title":"[Changes in concentrations of circulating insulin-like growth factors I and II and binding proteins BP-2 and BP-3 in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia].","authors":"Maryna Krawczuk-Rybak,&nbsp;Anna Kitszel,&nbsp;Sławomir Wołczyński","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>We determined serum levels of insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1, IGF-2) and binding proteins (IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3) at diagnosis (I), during (II) and after therapy (III) in 28 children treated for ALL.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1) Serum absolute levels of IGF-1, IGF-2, IGFBP-3 rose and IGFBP-2 - decreased during analysis. 2) Mean values of IGF-1 SDS were similar at diagnosis, during and after treatment (-1.78+/-0.9 vs. -1.86+/-1.36 vs. -1.8+/-0.83). IGF-2 SDS rose from 0.06+/-1.45 (I) to 0.64+/-1.4 (II) and to 0.83+/- 2.01 (III) and IGFBP-3 SDS increased from -0.23+/-2.23 (I) to 0.92+/-1.95 (II) and to 1.76+/-2.43 (III). IGFBP-2 SDS were elevated at diagnosis, during and after treatment 11.94+/-9.42 (I) and 10.58+/-7.37 (II) and to 7.90+/-7.20 (III). 3) We observed positive correlations between: a) IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 at diagnosis (r=0.58 p=0.0001), during (r=0.69 p=0.0001) and after treatment (r=0.79 p=0.00001), b) IGF-1 and IGF-2 at diagnosis (r=0.57 p=0.00001) and after the end of therapy (r=0.48 p=0.01) c) IGF-2 and IGFBP-3 at diagnosis (r=0.7 p=0.0004) and after treatment (r=0.64 p=0.003) and d) negative correlation between IGF-1 and IGFBP-2 - at diagnosis (r=0.38 p=0.02) and after treatment (r=0.43 p=0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Decreased serum IGF-1 and elevated IGFBP-2 were observed at diagnosis and during treatment for ALL suggesting that especially IGFBP-2 may be related to the proliferation of lymphoblasts.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 1","pages":"15-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24671728","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Assessment of growth factor levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the beginning of diabetic microangiopathy]. [1型糖尿病青少年生长因子水平的评估与糖尿病微血管病变的开始]。
Jadwiga Peczyńska, Mirosława Urban, Beata Urban, Barbara Głowińska, Bozena Florys

Objective: The purpose of the study was the evaluation of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes as well as the relationship between the concentration of examined proteins and the early development of diabetic microangiopathy.

Research design and methods: The study included 68 patients aged 15.54+/-2.9 years with type 1 diabetes. They were divided into groups: I - adolescents with the beginning of vascular complications, II - without complications. Controls consisted of healthy adolescents. GH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and VEGF were determined with use of ready kits.

Results: The increased levels of GH were found in diabetic adolescents in comparison with controls (10.11+/-16.21 vs. 2.89+/-4.03 micro IU/ml, p<0.05). The levels of IGF 1 were lower in adolescents with type 1 diabetes than in controls (283.48+/-117.36 vs. 427.95+/-177.48 ng/ml, p<0.05), as well as the levels of IGFBP-3 (5555.21+/-1158 vs. 6622.18+/-1110 pg/ml, p<0.05). Significantly higher concentration of VEGF was revealed in diabetic adolescents in comparison with controls (328.68+/-251 vs. 132.19+/-85 pg/ml, p<0.05). The highest levels of VEGF were reported in diabetic patients with retinopathy in comparison with patients without complications.

Conclusions: The impaired activity of GH-IGF-1-IGFBP-3 axis may be responsible for the development of diabetic microangiopathy. The evaluation of VEGF concentration can be a sensitive early marker of microangiopathy.

目的:评价青少年1型糖尿病患者生长激素(GH)、胰岛素样生长因子(IGF-1)、胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白(IGFBP-3)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平及其与糖尿病微血管病变早期发展的关系。研究设计与方法:68例1型糖尿病患者,年龄15.54±2.9岁。他们被分为两组:I -开始出现血管并发症的青少年,II -无并发症。对照组由健康的青少年组成。使用ready试剂盒检测GH、IGF-1、IGFBP-3和VEGF。结果:糖尿病青少年GH水平明显高于对照组(10.11+/-16.21 vs. 2.89+/-4.03微IU/ml)。结论:GH- igf -1- igfbp -3轴活性受损可能与糖尿病微血管病变的发生有关。VEGF浓度的评估可作为微血管病变的早期敏感指标。
{"title":"[Assessment of growth factor levels in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus and the beginning of diabetic microangiopathy].","authors":"Jadwiga Peczyńska,&nbsp;Mirosława Urban,&nbsp;Beata Urban,&nbsp;Barbara Głowińska,&nbsp;Bozena Florys","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The purpose of the study was the evaluation of growth hormone (GH), insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP-3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in adolescents with type 1 diabetes as well as the relationship between the concentration of examined proteins and the early development of diabetic microangiopathy.</p><p><strong>Research design and methods: </strong>The study included 68 patients aged 15.54+/-2.9 years with type 1 diabetes. They were divided into groups: I - adolescents with the beginning of vascular complications, II - without complications. Controls consisted of healthy adolescents. GH, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and VEGF were determined with use of ready kits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The increased levels of GH were found in diabetic adolescents in comparison with controls (10.11+/-16.21 vs. 2.89+/-4.03 micro IU/ml, p<0.05). The levels of IGF 1 were lower in adolescents with type 1 diabetes than in controls (283.48+/-117.36 vs. 427.95+/-177.48 ng/ml, p<0.05), as well as the levels of IGFBP-3 (5555.21+/-1158 vs. 6622.18+/-1110 pg/ml, p<0.05). Significantly higher concentration of VEGF was revealed in diabetic adolescents in comparison with controls (328.68+/-251 vs. 132.19+/-85 pg/ml, p<0.05). The highest levels of VEGF were reported in diabetic patients with retinopathy in comparison with patients without complications.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The impaired activity of GH-IGF-1-IGFBP-3 axis may be responsible for the development of diabetic microangiopathy. The evaluation of VEGF concentration can be a sensitive early marker of microangiopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 1","pages":"41-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24672828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Sudden death caused by myocarditis in a 14-year old boy with type I diabetes]. [1例14岁1型糖尿病男童心肌炎猝死]。
Jolanta Wierzba, Maria Korpal-Szczyrska, Anna Balcerska, Halina Kamińska

We report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by acute myocarditis which was confirmed by necroscopy. A 14 year boy was hospitalised with severe ketoacidosis. The patient levels of creatinine, transaminases were elevated, symptoms of hearth disease were complicated by dehydration and high temperature. An episode of upper respiratory viral infection before the onset of acute diabetes suggested that the patient died from viral myocarditis.

我们报告一例糖尿病酮症酸中毒并发急性心肌炎,经坏死镜检查证实。一名14岁男孩因严重酮症酸中毒住院。患者肌酐、转氨酶水平升高,伴有脱水、高温等症状。急性糖尿病发病前曾发生上呼吸道病毒感染,提示患者死于病毒性心肌炎。
{"title":"[Sudden death caused by myocarditis in a 14-year old boy with type I diabetes].","authors":"Jolanta Wierzba,&nbsp;Maria Korpal-Szczyrska,&nbsp;Anna Balcerska,&nbsp;Halina Kamińska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report a case of diabetic ketoacidosis complicated by acute myocarditis which was confirmed by necroscopy. A 14 year boy was hospitalised with severe ketoacidosis. The patient levels of creatinine, transaminases were elevated, symptoms of hearth disease were complicated by dehydration and high temperature. An episode of upper respiratory viral infection before the onset of acute diabetes suggested that the patient died from viral myocarditis.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 1","pages":"49-51"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24672829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Left ventricular mass and function in growth hormone deficient children and adolescents before and after one year of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy]. [生长激素缺乏儿童和青少年在重组人生长激素(GH)替代治疗前后一年的左心室质量和功能]。
Jolanta Szczepańska Kostro, Joanna Tołwińska, Mirosława Urban, Barbara Głowińska

Unlabelled: A total of 25 patients (10 girls and 15 boys) aged 8.1-16.9 years (mean 13.3+/-1.8 years), height 1.15-1.61 m (mean 1.4+/-0.1 m), body area 0.84-1.47 m2 (mean 1.14+/-0.18 m2) were examined in our study. After 12-month--rhGH therapy, 23 children (9 girls and 14 boys) were re-evaluated. Twenty two healthy and slim children (11 girls and 11 boys) aged 6.6-16 years (mean 12,6+/-2.7 years), height 1.33-1.8 m (mean 1.58+/-0.16), body area 0.93-1.8 m2 (mean 1.38+/-0.3 m2) with a family history without atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases constituted controls. Mass and function of LV were evaluated by means of M-mode and 2D echocardiography and the Doppler method with simultaneous 2D picture recording. Systolic function parameters (SF and EF) were normal in each patient before therapy. LV systolic fraction (SF) equaled on average 35.4+/-4.5 % in the examined group and 36.7+/-3.9 % in controls. LV ejection fraction (EF) was on average 65.1+/-5.9 % in the examined group and 67.9+/-6.4 % in controls. The differences noted were not statistically significant. After a year-rhGH therapy, SF and EF were within a normal range in each patient. SF was on average 35.9+/-3.6% in the examined group and 36.7+/-3.9% in controls. EF was on average 65.7+/-4.6% in the examined group and 67.9+/-6.4% in controls. The differences were not statistically significant. SF and EF did not differ before and after rhGH therapy. LV mass indexed by body superficial area (LVA/BSA) equaled 68.3+/-18.6 g/m2 before therapy and did not differ significantly in comparison with controls (68.2+/-15.5 g/m2). After a year-GH therapy, LV/BSA was significantly higher when compared to LV/BSA mass before therapy (78.2+/-14.9 g/m2 vs 68.3+/-18 6 g/m2, p<0.05). After a year-GH therapy LV/BSA mass was significantly higher in comparison with LV/BSA mass before therapy (78.2+/-14.9 g/m2 vs 68.3+/-18.6 g/m2, p< 0.05). Before therapy, IVRT parameter was found significantly extended in comparison with controls (70.8+/-14.2 vs 64.1+/-8.5 ms, p<0.05). Other parameters characterising LV diastolic function were not significantly different between the groups. After a year-GH therapy, IVRT parameter was still extended in comparison with controls (72.3+/-9.2 vs 64.1+/-8.5 ms, p<0.05). No significant differences were observed with regard to IVRT before and after therapy.

Conclusion: 1. A significant extension of isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) was proved in children with GH deficiency, which may suggest an impaired diastolic function of the heart left ventricle. 2. 12-month-rhGH replacement therapy causes an increase in the left ventricle mass when compared to the values before therapy, whereas isovolumetric relaxation time remains still longer. 3. Children with GH deficiency should have their circulatory system monitored to observe the dynamics of the left ventricle functional disorders.

未标记:25例患者(10名女孩,15名男孩),年龄8.1-16.9岁(平均13.3+/-1.8岁),身高1.15-1.61 m(平均1.4+/-0.1 m),体面积0.84-1.47 m2(平均1.14+/-0.18 m2)。经过12个月的rhGH治疗后,23名儿童(9名女孩和14名男孩)被重新评估。对照组为年龄6.6-16岁(平均12岁,6+/-2.7岁),身高1.33-1.8 m(平均1.58+/-0.16),体面积0.93-1.8 m2(平均1.38+/-0.3 m2),无动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病家族史的健康、苗条儿童22名(11名女孩,11名男孩)。采用m型超声心动图、二维超声心动图及同时记录二维图像的多普勒法评价左室质量和功能。治疗前每位患者的收缩功能参数(SF和EF)均正常。实验组左室收缩分数(SF)平均为35.4% +/- 4.5%,对照组平均为36.7+/- 3.9%。实验组左室射血分数(EF)平均为65.1+/- 5.9%,对照组平均为67.9+/- 6.4%。所记录的差异没有统计学意义。经过一年的rhgh治疗,每位患者的SF和EF都在正常范围内。实验组SF平均为35.9+/-3.6%,对照组为36.7+/-3.9%。实验组的平均EF为65.7+/-4.6%,对照组为67.9+/-6.4%。差异无统计学意义。rhGH治疗前后SF和EF无显著差异。治疗前以体表面积(LVA/BSA)为指标的左室质量为68.3+/-18.6 g/m2,与对照组(68.2+/-15.5 g/m2)相比无显著差异。经过一年的生长激素治疗,LV/BSA明显高于治疗前(78.2+/-14.9 g/m2 vs 68.3+/- 18.6 g/m2)。在生长激素缺乏的儿童中,等容松弛时间(IVRT)显著延长,这可能表明心脏左心室舒张功能受损。2. 与治疗前相比,12个月rhgh替代治疗导致左心室质量增加,而等容量松弛时间仍然更长。3.生长激素缺乏的儿童应监测其循环系统,以观察左心室功能障碍的动态。
{"title":"[Left ventricular mass and function in growth hormone deficient children and adolescents before and after one year of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy].","authors":"Jolanta Szczepańska Kostro,&nbsp;Joanna Tołwińska,&nbsp;Mirosława Urban,&nbsp;Barbara Głowińska","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Unlabelled: </strong>A total of 25 patients (10 girls and 15 boys) aged 8.1-16.9 years (mean 13.3+/-1.8 years), height 1.15-1.61 m (mean 1.4+/-0.1 m), body area 0.84-1.47 m2 (mean 1.14+/-0.18 m2) were examined in our study. After 12-month--rhGH therapy, 23 children (9 girls and 14 boys) were re-evaluated. Twenty two healthy and slim children (11 girls and 11 boys) aged 6.6-16 years (mean 12,6+/-2.7 years), height 1.33-1.8 m (mean 1.58+/-0.16), body area 0.93-1.8 m2 (mean 1.38+/-0.3 m2) with a family history without atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases constituted controls. Mass and function of LV were evaluated by means of M-mode and 2D echocardiography and the Doppler method with simultaneous 2D picture recording. Systolic function parameters (SF and EF) were normal in each patient before therapy. LV systolic fraction (SF) equaled on average 35.4+/-4.5 % in the examined group and 36.7+/-3.9 % in controls. LV ejection fraction (EF) was on average 65.1+/-5.9 % in the examined group and 67.9+/-6.4 % in controls. The differences noted were not statistically significant. After a year-rhGH therapy, SF and EF were within a normal range in each patient. SF was on average 35.9+/-3.6% in the examined group and 36.7+/-3.9% in controls. EF was on average 65.7+/-4.6% in the examined group and 67.9+/-6.4% in controls. The differences were not statistically significant. SF and EF did not differ before and after rhGH therapy. LV mass indexed by body superficial area (LVA/BSA) equaled 68.3+/-18.6 g/m2 before therapy and did not differ significantly in comparison with controls (68.2+/-15.5 g/m2). After a year-GH therapy, LV/BSA was significantly higher when compared to LV/BSA mass before therapy (78.2+/-14.9 g/m2 vs 68.3+/-18 6 g/m2, p<0.05). After a year-GH therapy LV/BSA mass was significantly higher in comparison with LV/BSA mass before therapy (78.2+/-14.9 g/m2 vs 68.3+/-18.6 g/m2, p< 0.05). Before therapy, IVRT parameter was found significantly extended in comparison with controls (70.8+/-14.2 vs 64.1+/-8.5 ms, p<0.05). Other parameters characterising LV diastolic function were not significantly different between the groups. After a year-GH therapy, IVRT parameter was still extended in comparison with controls (72.3+/-9.2 vs 64.1+/-8.5 ms, p<0.05). No significant differences were observed with regard to IVRT before and after therapy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>1. A significant extension of isovolumetric relaxation time (IVRT) was proved in children with GH deficiency, which may suggest an impaired diastolic function of the heart left ventricle. 2. 12-month-rhGH replacement therapy causes an increase in the left ventricle mass when compared to the values before therapy, whereas isovolumetric relaxation time remains still longer. 3. Children with GH deficiency should have their circulatory system monitored to observe the dynamics of the left ventricle functional disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 2","pages":"75-80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24780178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Personal observations of puberty in girls after unilateral ovariectomy]. [单侧卵巢切除术后女孩青春期的个人观察]。
Anna Noczyńska, Teresa Zak, Renata Wasikowa, Marcin Kałuzny

The authors present the course of puberty in three girls after surgery because of hormonally active ovarian tumours diagnosed and operated at the age of 3, 6 and 9 years, respectively. In the youngest patient with folliculoma ovari chemotherapy was also given, and girl No. 3 with luteinic capsule was treated for one year with decapeptyl because idiopathic precocious puberty was diagnosed. At present all three girls are in good physical condition with age-adequate development and puberty.

作者介绍了三个女孩的青春期过程后手术,因为激素活性卵巢肿瘤诊断和手术分别在3岁,6岁和9岁。最年轻的卵巢卵泡瘤患者也给予化疗,3号女孩因诊断为特发性性早熟,服用黄体素胶囊,用十肽治疗一年。目前,三名女孩身体状况良好,发育正常,已进入青春期。
{"title":"[Personal observations of puberty in girls after unilateral ovariectomy].","authors":"Anna Noczyńska,&nbsp;Teresa Zak,&nbsp;Renata Wasikowa,&nbsp;Marcin Kałuzny","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The authors present the course of puberty in three girls after surgery because of hormonally active ovarian tumours diagnosed and operated at the age of 3, 6 and 9 years, respectively. In the youngest patient with folliculoma ovari chemotherapy was also given, and girl No. 3 with luteinic capsule was treated for one year with decapeptyl because idiopathic precocious puberty was diagnosed. At present all three girls are in good physical condition with age-adequate development and puberty.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 2","pages":"123-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24780185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Ultrasonographic evaluation of atherosclerotic changes in carotid and brachial arteries in children with type 1 diabetes]. [1型糖尿病儿童颈动脉和肱动脉粥样硬化改变的超声评价]。
Joanna Tołwińska, Barbara Głowińska, Mirosława Urban

Introduction: According to very well documented onset of atherosclerosis in early childhood, scientists are looking for good diagnostic methods for evaluating first changes in arterial blood vessels noninvasively. We want to know more about the pathogenetic mechanisms and about changes in vessels especially in group of young people with risk factors of premature atherosclerosis. The significance of endothelial dysfunction in very early phase of this process is known very well so far. High resolution echocardiography seems to be a good method which allows to examine arteries in children and adolescents. Because of localization, brachial and carotid arteries are very good field for this kind of examinations. THE AIM of this study was the evaluation with high resolution echocardiography of endothelial function in type 1 diabetes children and adolescents. We also measured the intimal plus medial thickness in carotid communis arteries (IMT).

Material and methods: We examined a group of 64 children (29 boys and 35 girls) aged 14.8-16.2 yr (mean 15.5 yr) suffering from diabetes type 1. The control group consisted of 24 children (9 boys, 15 girls) in similar age. Using high resolution echocardiography, B-mode images, we measured in the diastole phase, distance "m-m" in brachial arteries (distance between two "m" lines which are borders among media and adventitia of near and far wall of the artery) at rest, during reactive hyperaemia (with increased flow causing endothelium-dependent dilatation FMD), again at rest and after sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (causing endothelium-independent dilatation NTGMD). Using Doppler technic we evaluated baseline flow and calculated the degree of reactive hyperemia. We also measured intimal plus medial thickness in every carotid artery three times and calculated mean value. In our analysis we estimated the concentrations of cholesterol, HDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.

Results: We noticed higher IMT values in the whole examined group compared to the control group (0.52 mm vs. 0.43 mm, p<0.05). In diabetic children the vessel size was similar to control group but FMD was significantly impaired (5.56% vs. 9.47%, p<0.05). The level of triglycerides and total cholesterol was higher in the examined group.

Conclusions: 1. The evaluation of IMT in the carotid arteries in patients with type 1 diabetes showed a more advanced degree of atherosclerotic changes in this group compared to healthy controls. 2. FMD evaluated in brachial artery is a usefull tool in assessing impaired endothelial function in people suffering from the risks factors of atherosclerosis. 3. Ultrasonographic methods of evaluating atherosclerotic changes in arterial vessels should be more often used in practice as relatively easy, noninvasive and inexpensive.

导读:根据对儿童早期动脉粥样硬化发病的详细记录,科学家们正在寻找良好的诊断方法,以无创地评估动脉血管的首次变化。我们想要了解更多的发病机制和血管的变化,特别是在有过早动脉粥样硬化危险因素的年轻人群体中。到目前为止,内皮功能障碍在这一过程的早期阶段的重要性是众所周知的。高分辨率超声心动图似乎是一个很好的方法,允许检查动脉在儿童和青少年。由于定位,臂动脉和颈动脉是很好的检查领域。本研究的目的是用高分辨率超声心动图评价1型糖尿病儿童和青少年的内皮功能。我们还测量了颈动脉社区动脉(IMT)的内膜和内侧厚度。材料和方法:我们检查了64名儿童(29名男孩和35名女孩),年龄14.8-16.2岁(平均15.5岁),患有1型糖尿病。对照组为24例同龄儿童(男童9例,女童15例)。使用高分辨率超声心动图,b型图像,我们测量了舒张期肱动脉的距离“m-m”(两条“m”线之间的距离,即动脉近壁和远壁的中膜和外膜之间的边界),静止时,反应性充血期间(流量增加导致内皮依赖性扩张FMD),再次静止时和舌下三硝酸甘油(导致内皮依赖性扩张NTGMD)。采用多普勒技术评估基线血流并计算反应性充血的程度。我们还测量了每条颈动脉的内膜和内侧厚度三次,并计算了平均值。在我们的分析中,我们估计了胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和甘油三酯的浓度。结果:我们注意到,与对照组相比,整个检查组的IMT值更高(0.52 mm vs. 0.43 mm)。对1型糖尿病患者颈动脉IMT的评估显示,与健康对照组相比,该组患者的动脉粥样硬化改变程度更高。2. 肱动脉FMD评估是评估动脉粥样硬化危险因素患者内皮功能受损的有用工具。3.超声检查动脉粥样硬化改变的方法相对简单、无创且价格低廉,因此应在实践中得到更多的应用。
{"title":"[Ultrasonographic evaluation of atherosclerotic changes in carotid and brachial arteries in children with type 1 diabetes].","authors":"Joanna Tołwińska,&nbsp;Barbara Głowińska,&nbsp;Mirosława Urban","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>According to very well documented onset of atherosclerosis in early childhood, scientists are looking for good diagnostic methods for evaluating first changes in arterial blood vessels noninvasively. We want to know more about the pathogenetic mechanisms and about changes in vessels especially in group of young people with risk factors of premature atherosclerosis. The significance of endothelial dysfunction in very early phase of this process is known very well so far. High resolution echocardiography seems to be a good method which allows to examine arteries in children and adolescents. Because of localization, brachial and carotid arteries are very good field for this kind of examinations. THE AIM of this study was the evaluation with high resolution echocardiography of endothelial function in type 1 diabetes children and adolescents. We also measured the intimal plus medial thickness in carotid communis arteries (IMT).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>We examined a group of 64 children (29 boys and 35 girls) aged 14.8-16.2 yr (mean 15.5 yr) suffering from diabetes type 1. The control group consisted of 24 children (9 boys, 15 girls) in similar age. Using high resolution echocardiography, B-mode images, we measured in the diastole phase, distance \"m-m\" in brachial arteries (distance between two \"m\" lines which are borders among media and adventitia of near and far wall of the artery) at rest, during reactive hyperaemia (with increased flow causing endothelium-dependent dilatation FMD), again at rest and after sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (causing endothelium-independent dilatation NTGMD). Using Doppler technic we evaluated baseline flow and calculated the degree of reactive hyperemia. We also measured intimal plus medial thickness in every carotid artery three times and calculated mean value. In our analysis we estimated the concentrations of cholesterol, HDL- cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We noticed higher IMT values in the whole examined group compared to the control group (0.52 mm vs. 0.43 mm, p<0.05). In diabetic children the vessel size was similar to control group but FMD was significantly impaired (5.56% vs. 9.47%, p<0.05). The level of triglycerides and total cholesterol was higher in the examined group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>1. The evaluation of IMT in the carotid arteries in patients with type 1 diabetes showed a more advanced degree of atherosclerotic changes in this group compared to healthy controls. 2. FMD evaluated in brachial artery is a usefull tool in assessing impaired endothelial function in people suffering from the risks factors of atherosclerosis. 3. Ultrasonographic methods of evaluating atherosclerotic changes in arterial vessels should be more often used in practice as relatively easy, noninvasive and inexpensive.</p>","PeriodicalId":11550,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych","volume":"10 1","pages":"21-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2004-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"24671729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
[Prevalence of chronic diabetes complications depending on the method of insulin therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes]. [儿童和青少年1型糖尿病患者胰岛素治疗方法对慢性糖尿病并发症的影响]。
Bozena Florys, Agnieszka Ołdytowska, Barbara Głowińska, Jadwiga Peczyńska, Mirosława Urban

Unlabelled: The critical study showing advantages of intensive insulin therapy in comparison with the classic method was Diabetes Control and Complications Trial. Conclusion of that study was unequivocal: hyperglycemia has a significant influence on the development of the chronic diabetes complications. THE AIM of this study was to estimate the influence of the conventional insulin therapy in the past and its duration on the development of complications in patients suffering from type 1 diabetes for more than 5 years.

Material and methods: 185 patients aged 16.7 years (+/-3.4) with diabetes onset in the age 8.4 years (+/-3.8) participated in this study. There were 84 girls and 101 boys. More of them were treated by classic insulin therapy at the beginning of disease (n=148). 37 persons had intensive insulin therapy all the time.

Results: The presence of at least one complication was found in 49 persons (26.5%), two complications - in 14 patients (7.57%) and three complications in 4 patients (2.16%). The conventional therapy duration was twice longer in patients with retinopathy. The significant influence of the age, the age of diabetes onset and duration was found in those patients. Comparing the groups of patients treated conventionally less than 3.5 years and more than 3.5 years it was found that patients in the first group were older, fell ill later and they had longer diabetes duration than patients in the second group. The risk of retinopathy increases from 4.2% to 8.9% in patients treated conventionally more than 3.5 years. The risk of diabetic cataract is 5 times higher in that group.

Conclusions: Chronic complications of diabetes occur in 26.5 % patients with a diabetes duration of at least 5 years. CIT is the risk factor of the eye complications in diabetes, particularly when applied longer than 3.5 years. The prolongation of CIT over 3.5 years increases the risk of retinopathy twice and the risk of cataract 5 times in patients with type 1 diabetes. So the early intensification of insulin therapy reduces the risk of the retinopathy and cataract development in later course of the disease.

未标记:与经典方法相比,显示强化胰岛素治疗优势的关键研究是糖尿病控制和并发症试验。该研究的结论是明确的:高血糖对慢性糖尿病并发症的发生有显著影响。本研究的目的是评估过去常规胰岛素治疗及其持续时间对5年以上1型糖尿病患者并发症发生的影响。材料与方法:185例年龄16.7岁(+/-3.4),发病年龄8.4岁(+/-3.8)的糖尿病患者参与本研究。有84个女孩和101个男孩。更多患者在发病初期接受经典胰岛素治疗(n=148)。37例患者一直接受胰岛素强化治疗。结果:49例(26.5%)患者存在至少一种并发症,其中2种并发症14例(7.57%),3种并发症4例(2.16%)。视网膜病变患者的常规治疗时间延长了两倍。年龄、糖尿病发病年龄和病程对患者的预后有显著影响。比较常规治疗时间小于3.5年和大于3.5年的两组患者,发现第一组患者比第二组患者年龄大、发病晚、糖尿病病程长。在接受常规治疗超过3.5年的患者中,视网膜病变的风险从4.2%增加到8.9%。糖尿病性白内障的风险在这一组中高出5倍。结论:糖尿病病程至少5年的患者中有26.5%出现糖尿病慢性并发症。CIT是糖尿病眼部并发症的危险因素,特别是当使用时间超过3.5年时。CIT延长超过3.5年,使1型糖尿病患者视网膜病变风险增加2倍,白内障风险增加5倍。因此,早期加强胰岛素治疗可以降低视网膜病变和白内障在疾病后期发展的风险。
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引用次数: 0
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Endokrynologia, diabetologia i choroby przemiany materii wieku rozwojowego : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Endokrynologow Dzieciecych
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