Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.209514
M. Mohamed, M. Hafez, R. Rabeiy, Essam El Nagreedy
Protection of the expertise workers in the Sugar production is essential for the sustainability and development of this strategic national industry. Noise pollution is a physical factor that may have negative effects on the employees. In this study, noise levels and control methods are studied in the beet sugar industry in the Dakahlia plants. Inspection of the studied plants presented that noise is emitting from several sources such as beet lab reception, beat washing and slicers, vacuum pump area, centrifugal mixer station, power station and boiler house. Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) of the sources are measured according to ISO recommendation, while noise exposure levels are carried out using equivalent noise level. The results proved that sound pressure level exceeded the national limits assigned by the Egyptian Environmental Law No 4/94. The maximum and minimum values of SPL at boiler soot blower were 110 and 78dBA respectively. In the old Belqase sugar factory, it has been found that the maximum SPL reached to 112 dBA at boiler soot blower and the minimum value was 83 dBA in the air composer. Noise exposure also is assessed to protect the employees in the old and new sugar plants. As the working shift is 12 hours in the investigated plant, a model is used to estimate the equivalent noise dose according to 8 hours exposure. The results revealed that the workers in the old sugar plant are suffering in the high emitted noise levels. Control measures are essential to reduce the noise especially from the old sugar plant.
{"title":"Noise Pollution; Assessing and Control in the Beet Sugar Industry","authors":"M. Mohamed, M. Hafez, R. Rabeiy, Essam El Nagreedy","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.209514","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.209514","url":null,"abstract":"Protection of the expertise workers in the Sugar production is essential for the sustainability and development of this strategic national industry. Noise pollution is a physical factor that may have negative effects on the employees. In this study, noise levels and control methods are studied in the beet sugar industry in the Dakahlia plants. Inspection of the studied plants presented that noise is emitting from several sources such as beet lab reception, beat washing and slicers, vacuum pump area, centrifugal mixer station, power station and boiler house. Sound Pressure Levels (SPL) of the sources are measured according to ISO recommendation, while noise exposure levels are carried out using equivalent noise level. The results proved that sound pressure level exceeded the national limits assigned by the Egyptian Environmental Law No 4/94. The maximum and minimum values of SPL at boiler soot blower were 110 and 78dBA respectively. In the old Belqase sugar factory, it has been found that the maximum SPL reached to 112 dBA at boiler soot blower and the minimum value was 83 dBA in the air composer. Noise exposure also is assessed to protect the employees in the old and new sugar plants. As the working shift is 12 hours in the investigated plant, a model is used to estimate the equivalent noise dose according to 8 hours exposure. The results revealed that the workers in the old sugar plant are suffering in the high emitted noise levels. Control measures are essential to reduce the noise especially from the old sugar plant.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88943109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.209519
R. Zaki, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, Ahmed Talat
Glycosylation of small molecules based heterocycles can improve the biological importance of the parent scaffold. In the current study, various new substituted pyridine and substituted pyrimidine thioglycosides were synthesized via the reaction of substituted pyridine and pyrimidine thiols with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide in presence of sodium acetate and ethanol .The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental and spectral techniques including FT-IR, 1 H NMR In addition to 13 C NMR and mass spectroscopy for some of them. Alternatively, some of the synthesized compounds revealed significant antibacterial and antifungal activates. Also, most of these compounds exhibited highly promising anti-inflammatory activities compared with indomethacin.
小分子杂环的糖基化可以提高亲本支架的生物学重要性。本文以取代吡啶和取代嘧啶硫醇为原料，在乙酸钠和乙醇的存在下，与2,3,4,6-四- o -乙酰基-α- d -葡萄糖吡喃酰溴反应合成了多种新型取代吡啶和取代嘧啶硫苷类化合物，并通过元素和光谱技术(包括FT-IR、1h NMR和部分13c NMR及质谱)对合成化合物的化学结构进行了确证。另外，一些合成的化合物显示出显著的抗菌和抗真菌活性。此外，与吲哚美辛相比，大多数化合物显示出极有希望的抗炎活性。
{"title":"Efficient Synthesis and Biological Activities of New Pyridine and Pyrimidine Thioglycosides as Potential Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Agents","authors":"R. Zaki, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, Ahmed Talat","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.209519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.209519","url":null,"abstract":"Glycosylation of small molecules based heterocycles can improve the biological importance of the parent scaffold. In the current study, various new substituted pyridine and substituted pyrimidine thioglycosides were synthesized via the reaction of substituted pyridine and pyrimidine thiols with 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-α-D-glucopyranosyl bromide in presence of sodium acetate and ethanol .The chemical structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by elemental and spectral techniques including FT-IR, 1 H NMR In addition to 13 C NMR and mass spectroscopy for some of them. Alternatively, some of the synthesized compounds revealed significant antibacterial and antifungal activates. Also, most of these compounds exhibited highly promising anti-inflammatory activities compared with indomethacin.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"51 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90881860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.219226
M. Helal, H. Mustafa, Yasser Abdelrhman, Ibrahim HassabAllah
Sugar cane mills are the equipment used in extracting sugar solution from sugar cane plant. The effect of the roller pitch has been studied as one of the constituent parts of the mills by modifying the universal pitch to the triple pitch compound and experimenting with extracting different sugar cane weights ( total nine samples ) . On both mills , universal and triple compound pitch on the mills rollers under the same conditions and control of the correct setting taking into account with the uniformity of samples and it was recorded the results were positive by increasing the weight of the squeezed sugar cane in the three pitch compound rollers mills of extracted juice which increasing percentage up to 3.02 % in contrast to the extraction of single pitch rollers mills which was positive only on low weights.
{"title":"Improving the Efficiency of Extraction of Sugar Cane Mills Using Rollers with Compound Triple Pitch","authors":"M. Helal, H. Mustafa, Yasser Abdelrhman, Ibrahim HassabAllah","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.219226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.219226","url":null,"abstract":"Sugar cane mills are the equipment used in extracting sugar solution from sugar cane plant. The effect of the roller pitch has been studied as one of the constituent parts of the mills by modifying the universal pitch to the triple pitch compound and experimenting with extracting different sugar cane weights ( total nine samples ) . On both mills , universal and triple compound pitch on the mills rollers under the same conditions and control of the correct setting taking into account with the uniformity of samples and it was recorded the results were positive by increasing the weight of the squeezed sugar cane in the three pitch compound rollers mills of extracted juice which increasing percentage up to 3.02 % in contrast to the extraction of single pitch rollers mills which was positive only on low weights.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82686447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.219228
M. Gameh, R. Knany, Yahya Drwesh, Fekry M. Ismaeil, S. Abou-Elwafa
Soil salinity adversely affects quality parameters of sugar beet juice leading to a reduction in recoverable sugar yield. Improving the physical and chemical properties of salt affected soils is essential for sustainable cultivation and production of sugar beet in Egypt. A field experiment was carried out at the Delta Sugar Company to evaluate soil amendments, i.e., Phosphogypsium (PG), Desaline, humic acid and treated filter cake and molasses application on roots quality and sugar yield of sugar beet. Application of molasses at a rate of 50 L/fed. significantly increased sugar content (Pol%) only in the first growing season, while soil amendments do not have any significant in sugar content increment and the highest sugar content was produced from plants in the control treatment. Application of soil amendments in particular 1 ton/fed. of treated filter cake significantly reduced Na%, K% and α-amino-N in root juice in both growing seasons. Soil amendments application significantly increased sugar beet juice quality, theoretical sugar yield (TSY) and recoverable sugar yield (RSY) in both growing seasons. The highest value of quality index was produced from the application of 1 ton/fed. of treated filter cake. The application of either treated filter cake or 50 L/fed. of molasses significantly enhances both theoretical and recoverable sugar yields. The effect of soil amendments and molasses application on sugar loss yield was barely significant, and varietal and environmental dependent. 134 Mohsen A. Gameh, et. al. (2020), Egyptian Sugar Journal, ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
土壤盐分对甜菜汁品质参数产生不利影响，导致可采糖产量降低。改善受盐影响土壤的物理和化学性质对埃及甜菜的可持续种植和生产至关重要。在台达糖业公司进行了土壤改良剂磷磷、脱盐、腐植酸及处理过的滤饼和糖蜜的施用对甜菜根系品质和产量的影响。糖蜜的用量为50升/次。土壤改良剂仅在第一个生长季显著提高了含糖量(Pol%)，而土壤改良剂对含糖量的增加作用不显著，对照处理的含糖量最高。施用土壤改良剂，特别是1吨/次。处理过的滤饼显著降低了根汁中Na%、K%和α-氨基氮含量。施用土壤改良剂显著提高了两个生长季节甜菜汁品质、理论糖产量和可采糖产量。饲喂1吨/次时，质量指标值最高。处理过的滤饼。应用处理过的滤饼或50l /进料。糖蜜显著提高理论和可采糖产量。土壤改良剂和糖蜜施用对糖损失量的影响不显著，且依赖于品种和环境。134 a Mohsen Gameh等。(2020年),埃及糖杂志,ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ
{"title":"Effect of Soil Amendments Application on Juice Quality and Sugar Yields of Sugar Beet Grown under Saline Soil Conditions","authors":"M. Gameh, R. Knany, Yahya Drwesh, Fekry M. Ismaeil, S. Abou-Elwafa","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.219228","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.219228","url":null,"abstract":"Soil salinity adversely affects quality parameters of sugar beet juice leading to a reduction in recoverable sugar yield. Improving the physical and chemical properties of salt affected soils is essential for sustainable cultivation and production of sugar beet in Egypt. A field experiment was carried out at the Delta Sugar Company to evaluate soil amendments, i.e., Phosphogypsium (PG), Desaline, humic acid and treated filter cake and molasses application on roots quality and sugar yield of sugar beet. Application of molasses at a rate of 50 L/fed. significantly increased sugar content (Pol%) only in the first growing season, while soil amendments do not have any significant in sugar content increment and the highest sugar content was produced from plants in the control treatment. Application of soil amendments in particular 1 ton/fed. of treated filter cake significantly reduced Na%, K% and α-amino-N in root juice in both growing seasons. Soil amendments application significantly increased sugar beet juice quality, theoretical sugar yield (TSY) and recoverable sugar yield (RSY) in both growing seasons. The highest value of quality index was produced from the application of 1 ton/fed. of treated filter cake. The application of either treated filter cake or 50 L/fed. of molasses significantly enhances both theoretical and recoverable sugar yields. The effect of soil amendments and molasses application on sugar loss yield was barely significant, and varietal and environmental dependent. 134 Mohsen A. Gameh, et. al. (2020), Egyptian Sugar Journal, ـــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79334248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.219220
Abdel-Al Gaber, Adel Kamal-El-Dean, Hassanien Manaa, R. Dissoky
Groundwater is the main source for water used in West Assiut Electric Power Plant (WACCPP), so here we will study the hydrochemical class and water type for WACCPP area’s groundwater, with respect to the physiochemical, chemical elements and chemically related properties. Hydrochemical formulae’s as Kurolov formula, hypothetical salts, hydrochemical indices and water type identification programs as Piper, Durov, Schoeller, Gibb, and Chadha will be applied for deciding the water class and type.
{"title":"Hydrochemical Classification of Groundwater in West Assiut Combined Cycle Power’s Area, Assiut, Egypt","authors":"Abdel-Al Gaber, Adel Kamal-El-Dean, Hassanien Manaa, R. Dissoky","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.219220","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.219220","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is the main source for water used in West Assiut Electric Power Plant (WACCPP), so here we will study the hydrochemical class and water type for WACCPP area’s groundwater, with respect to the physiochemical, chemical elements and chemically related properties. Hydrochemical formulae’s as Kurolov formula, hypothetical salts, hydrochemical indices and water type identification programs as Piper, Durov, Schoeller, Gibb, and Chadha will be applied for deciding the water class and type.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86980954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.219223
A. K. Kamal El‐dean, E. Hashem, Mostafa Ahmed, S. Hussain
Hexavalent chromium is a priority toxic and carcinogenic chemical when present in excess. It is very much required to remove it from effluents before allowing it to enter any water system or on to land. In the present study, the removal of Cr(VI) by adsorptionfrom wastewater using low cost adsorbent modified sugarcane bagasse by tartaric acid (SCB) was studied. The effect of the initial concentration of Cr(VI), bio sorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and pH were studied. It was noted that the removal decreased with the increase in the initial concentration of Cr(VI) ions and also pH. The adsorption of Cr(VI) from water was favorable at low pH values. The kinetic of the Cr(VI) adsorption on SCB was found to follow pseudo second order mechanism. The adsorption data can be satisfactorily explained by Freundlich isotherm. This work proved that treated bagasse can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater.
{"title":"Tartaric Acid Grafted Sugarcane Bagasse for Removal of Chromium (VI) from Aqueous Solutions","authors":"A. K. Kamal El‐dean, E. Hashem, Mostafa Ahmed, S. Hussain","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.219223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.219223","url":null,"abstract":"Hexavalent chromium is a priority toxic and carcinogenic chemical when present in excess. It is very much required to remove it from effluents before allowing it to enter any water system or on to land. In the present study, the removal of Cr(VI) by adsorptionfrom wastewater using low cost adsorbent modified sugarcane bagasse by tartaric acid (SCB) was studied. The effect of the initial concentration of Cr(VI), bio sorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and pH were studied. It was noted that the removal decreased with the increase in the initial concentration of Cr(VI) ions and also pH. The adsorption of Cr(VI) from water was favorable at low pH values. The kinetic of the Cr(VI) adsorption on SCB was found to follow pseudo second order mechanism. The adsorption data can be satisfactorily explained by Freundlich isotherm. This work proved that treated bagasse can be used as an efficient adsorbent material for removal of Cr(VI) from wastewater.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81995971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2020.219211
A. K. Kamal El‐dean, A. Geies, Salah Masaod, Shimaa El-Ameen
Sugarcane bagasse was collected from different sources(from local juice centre, Egyptian Sugar & Integrated Industries Company, The residue of the sugar production and by scratching of sugarcane). The waxes were extracted using different solvents (water, ethanol, n-hexane, toluene and methylene chloride). The waxes obtained from each solvent containing different components. The extracted waxes were crystallized and then carrying out different analyses for each fraction of them (FT-IR, H NMR and GC-MS spectra), depending on the analyses we determined the wax components.
甘蔗渣是从不同的来源收集的(来自当地果汁中心，埃及糖业和综合工业公司，糖生产的残留物和甘蔗的刮擦)。用不同的溶剂(水、乙醇、正己烷、甲苯和二氯甲烷)提取蜡质。从每种溶剂中得到的蜡含有不同的成分。将提取的蜡结晶，然后对每个部分进行不同的分析(FT-IR, H - NMR和GC-MS光谱)，根据分析确定蜡的成分。
{"title":"Isolation and Purification of Sugarcane Waxes from Sugarcane Peels and Filter Cake Mud","authors":"A. K. Kamal El‐dean, A. Geies, Salah Masaod, Shimaa El-Ameen","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2020.219211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2020.219211","url":null,"abstract":"Sugarcane bagasse was collected from different sources(from local juice centre, Egyptian Sugar & Integrated Industries Company, The residue of the sugar production and by scratching of sugarcane). The waxes were extracted using different solvents (water, ethanol, n-hexane, toluene and methylene chloride). The waxes obtained from each solvent containing different components. The extracted waxes were crystallized and then carrying out different analyses for each fraction of them (FT-IR, H NMR and GC-MS spectra), depending on the analyses we determined the wax components.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"1939 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83379134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2019.219364
A. Zohri, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, K. Elbanna, Salah El-Din Abdalrahim
Oligosaccharides (OS) are considered as functional food and prebiotics. They employed in food, feed, pharmaceutical and agricultural applications as well as used as cosmetics and immunestimulating agents. Oligosaccharides may be isolated from natural sources or chemically synthesized, but the prices are high. An alternative approach to oligosaccharide synthesis is to use microbial production. The high cost of OS production is the major restriction in the industrial production. So, this study was aimed to produce OS by Leuconostoc holzaapfeliistrain S7 using sugar cane molasses as low cost fermentation medium. The yields of OS by this bacterial strain reached to 21.55, 28.82, 37.35, 44.23and 30.93gl -1 when used sugar cane molasses at concentrations of 130, 160, 200, 262 and 290 gl -1 , respectively, comparing with 64.80 gl -1 OS formed by the same strain grown on modified sodium gluconate medium at 7 pH fortified by 80 gl -1 sucrose and 5gl -1 of a mixture of equal weight of each of yeast extract, peptone & beef extract, incubated at 25°C for 72 hours. Chemical characterization of the obtained OS was achieved using Fourier Transform-Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS).Also, their melting point and monosaccharaides content in extracted product were determined. It could be concluded that sugar cane molasses used in 138 A. A. Zohri1et al (2019) Egyptian Sugar Journal,.Vol.13 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ the current study was suitable as low cost medium for production of OS by the tested bacterial strain with considerable yield level.
{"title":"Oligosaccharides Production by Leuconostoc holzaapfelii Strain S7 Using Sugar Cane Molasses as Fermentation Medium","authors":"A. Zohri, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, K. Elbanna, Salah El-Din Abdalrahim","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2019.219364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2019.219364","url":null,"abstract":"Oligosaccharides (OS) are considered as functional food and prebiotics. They employed in food, feed, pharmaceutical and agricultural applications as well as used as cosmetics and immunestimulating agents. Oligosaccharides may be isolated from natural sources or chemically synthesized, but the prices are high. An alternative approach to oligosaccharide synthesis is to use microbial production. The high cost of OS production is the major restriction in the industrial production. So, this study was aimed to produce OS by Leuconostoc holzaapfeliistrain S7 using sugar cane molasses as low cost fermentation medium. The yields of OS by this bacterial strain reached to 21.55, 28.82, 37.35, 44.23and 30.93gl -1 when used sugar cane molasses at concentrations of 130, 160, 200, 262 and 290 gl -1 , respectively, comparing with 64.80 gl -1 OS formed by the same strain grown on modified sodium gluconate medium at 7 pH fortified by 80 gl -1 sucrose and 5gl -1 of a mixture of equal weight of each of yeast extract, peptone & beef extract, incubated at 25°C for 72 hours. Chemical characterization of the obtained OS was achieved using Fourier Transform-Infra-Red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometric (LC-MS).Also, their melting point and monosaccharaides content in extracted product were determined. It could be concluded that sugar cane molasses used in 138 A. A. Zohri1et al (2019) Egyptian Sugar Journal,.Vol.13 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ the current study was suitable as low cost medium for production of OS by the tested bacterial strain with considerable yield level.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85822047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2019.219354
A. Said, M. Abd El-Wahab, M. Goda, Nadia El-Gamal
In this paper, the liquid phase esterification of acetic acid with nbutanol was investigated over natural silica as a novel catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by XRF, XRD, and nitrogen sorption analysis. The effect of different parameters such as reaction time, molar ratio, catalyst dosage and calcination temperature on the esterification reaction was studied. The results show that, natural silica catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic performance with a selectivity of 100% to n-butyl acetate formation and the maximum yield obtained in batch method is 86%. This yield is successfully improved to a higher value nearly to 100% with a reactive distillation column.
{"title":"Green Synthesis of n-Butyl Acetate in the Liquid Phase Using Natural Silica as a Novel, Highly Efficient and Stable Catalyst","authors":"A. Said, M. Abd El-Wahab, M. Goda, Nadia El-Gamal","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2019.219354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2019.219354","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the liquid phase esterification of acetic acid with nbutanol was investigated over natural silica as a novel catalyst. The catalyst was characterized by XRF, XRD, and nitrogen sorption analysis. The effect of different parameters such as reaction time, molar ratio, catalyst dosage and calcination temperature on the esterification reaction was studied. The results show that, natural silica catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic performance with a selectivity of 100% to n-butyl acetate formation and the maximum yield obtained in batch method is 86%. This yield is successfully improved to a higher value nearly to 100% with a reactive distillation column.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"87 13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81223029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/esugj.2019.219350
A. Zohri, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, Mohamed Abuo-Dobara, Mahmoud Ali, M. Bakr, Ramy Khashaba
Development of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a potential substitute material to some conventional plastics has drawn much attention due to their biodegradable and compatible properties. The potential applications of PHA in various industries and in the medical field are encouraging. Nevertheless, the production cost of PHA has been a major drawback. Consequently, scientific effort have been made to overcome the high cost of the substrates used in the bio-production. In this study, sugar beet industry wastewater without and with beet molasses was used as potential low cost substrate for production of the biopolymer PHA by a local bacterial strain. This strain was selected after screening of 30 bacterial isolates for PHA production and was identified according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Bacillus megaterium AUMC b 272. The maximum PHA formed by this strain reached to 4.053 g/L with a recovery yield equal to 41.79 % of the bacterial biomass using modified mineral salt medium (MSM) medium containing 6 % beet molasses as sole carbon source and 0.5 g/L ammonium oxalate as a nitrogen source. The initial pH of the medium was adjusted at 8.5. Cultures were incubated at 200 rpm and 37o C for 24 hrs. On the other hand, the bacterial strain produced negligible levels of PHA when grown on the same medium constituents under the same conditions with replaced distilled water and molasses by sugar beet wastewater. While the PHA concentration reached to 0.828 g/L with 46 Zohri A. A. et al (2019) Egyptian Sugar Journal, .Vol.13 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ recovery yield 20.58 % of biomass in the same medium under the same conditions after replacement of distilled water by sugar beet wastewater. It is worthy to mention that the COD in the sugar beet wastewater medium at the end of fermentation period was removed by 69 %. Characterization of the obtained PHA was achieved using Fourier transform-infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph mass spectrometric (GCMS). Accumulation of considerable levels of PHA as well as high levels of COD removal from sugar beet wastewater strongly introduced this biotechnological process as valuable method for production of PHA as biodegradable biopolymer from sugar beet industry wastewater in presence of beet molasses as potential low cost substrates and, at the same time, for biological treatment of industry wastewater.
聚羟基烷酸酯(PHAs)由于具有生物可降解和相容性等特点，作为一些传统塑料的潜在替代材料而受到广泛关注。PHA在各行业和医疗领域的潜在应用前景令人鼓舞。然而，PHA的生产成本一直是一个主要缺点。因此，为了克服生物生产中使用的底物的高成本，科学努力已经进行了。在这项研究中，甜菜工业废水不含甜菜糖蜜和含有甜菜糖蜜作为潜在的低成本底物，通过当地菌株生产生物聚合物PHA。该菌株通过对30株产PHA菌株的筛选筛选出，经16S rRNA基因测序鉴定为芽孢杆菌巨型芽孢杆菌AUMC b 272。该菌株在以6%甜菜糖蜜为唯一碳源，0.5 g/L草酸铵为氮源的改性无机盐培养基(MSM)中，最大PHA生成量为4.053 g/L，回收率为细菌生物量的41.79%。将培养基的初始pH调整为8.5。在200 rpm和37℃下培养24小时。另一方面，在相同的培养基成分和相同的条件下，用甜菜废水代替蒸馏水和糖蜜生长时，菌株产生的PHA水平可以忽略不计。46 Zohri A. A. et al . (2019) egypt Sugar Journal, vol . 1。13ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ收率达20.58%的生物量在同一介质在相同条件下甜菜废水后更换蒸馏水。值得一提的是，发酵末期甜菜废水培养基中的COD去除率达到69%。利用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)和气相色谱质谱(GCMS)对合成的PHA进行了表征。从甜菜废水中积累相当水平的PHA以及高水平的COD去除强烈地引入了这种生物技术过程，作为从甜菜工业废水中生产PHA作为可生物降解的生物聚合物的有价值的方法，存在甜菜糖蜜作为潜在的低成本底物，同时用于工业废水的生物处理。
{"title":"Production of Polyhydroxyalkanoate by Local Strain of Bacillus megaterium AUMC b 272 Utilizing Sugar Beet Wastewater and Molasses","authors":"A. Zohri, A. K. Kamal El‐dean, Mohamed Abuo-Dobara, Mahmoud Ali, M. Bakr, Ramy Khashaba","doi":"10.21608/esugj.2019.219350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/esugj.2019.219350","url":null,"abstract":"Development of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) as a potential substitute material to some conventional plastics has drawn much attention due to their biodegradable and compatible properties. The potential applications of PHA in various industries and in the medical field are encouraging. Nevertheless, the production cost of PHA has been a major drawback. Consequently, scientific effort have been made to overcome the high cost of the substrates used in the bio-production. In this study, sugar beet industry wastewater without and with beet molasses was used as potential low cost substrate for production of the biopolymer PHA by a local bacterial strain. This strain was selected after screening of 30 bacterial isolates for PHA production and was identified according to 16S rRNA gene sequencing as Bacillus megaterium AUMC b 272. The maximum PHA formed by this strain reached to 4.053 g/L with a recovery yield equal to 41.79 % of the bacterial biomass using modified mineral salt medium (MSM) medium containing 6 % beet molasses as sole carbon source and 0.5 g/L ammonium oxalate as a nitrogen source. The initial pH of the medium was adjusted at 8.5. Cultures were incubated at 200 rpm and 37o C for 24 hrs. On the other hand, the bacterial strain produced negligible levels of PHA when grown on the same medium constituents under the same conditions with replaced distilled water and molasses by sugar beet wastewater. While the PHA concentration reached to 0.828 g/L with 46 Zohri A. A. et al (2019) Egyptian Sugar Journal, .Vol.13 ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ recovery yield 20.58 % of biomass in the same medium under the same conditions after replacement of distilled water by sugar beet wastewater. It is worthy to mention that the COD in the sugar beet wastewater medium at the end of fermentation period was removed by 69 %. Characterization of the obtained PHA was achieved using Fourier transform-infra-red spectroscopy (FT-IR) and gas chromatograph mass spectrometric (GCMS). Accumulation of considerable levels of PHA as well as high levels of COD removal from sugar beet wastewater strongly introduced this biotechnological process as valuable method for production of PHA as biodegradable biopolymer from sugar beet industry wastewater in presence of beet molasses as potential low cost substrates and, at the same time, for biological treatment of industry wastewater.","PeriodicalId":11564,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Sugar Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78478782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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