The current study investigates the steady two-dimensional (2D) hybrid nanofluid (Hnf) flow over an inclined permeable plate/cylinder. The Hnf flow has been examined in the context of mixed convection, heterogeneous/homogenous chemical reaction, and permeable medium. The Hnf is prepared by dispersing silver (Ag), and iron ferrite (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs) in water. The current research is motivated by the increasing demand for highly efficient cooling devices in a variety of industries and energy-associated operations. The energy transmission and fluid flow are mathematically specified by using a coupled nonlinear system of partial differential equations (PDEs). The system of PDEs is simplified into a dimensionless form of ODEs, which are then further numerically treated with the MATLAB package based on the finite difference method (bvp4c). It has been noticed that the permeability component develops the heat transfer curve while decreasing the flow rate of the fluid. The impact of heat source/sink increases the energy profile. Moreover, the plate surface demonstrates the dominant behavior of energy transportation than a cylinder with the variance of Ag-Fe3O4-NPs.
{"title":"Numerical simulation of hybrid nanofluid flow with homogeneous and heterogeneous chemical reaction across an inclined permeable cylinder/plate","authors":"Sidra Jubair, Bilal Ali, Khadija Rafique, Zafar Mahmood, Walid Emam","doi":"10.1177/01445987241272707","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241272707","url":null,"abstract":"The current study investigates the steady two-dimensional (2D) hybrid nanofluid (Hnf) flow over an inclined permeable plate/cylinder. The Hnf flow has been examined in the context of mixed convection, heterogeneous/homogenous chemical reaction, and permeable medium. The Hnf is prepared by dispersing silver (Ag), and iron ferrite (Fe<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>) nanoparticles (NPs) in water. The current research is motivated by the increasing demand for highly efficient cooling devices in a variety of industries and energy-associated operations. The energy transmission and fluid flow are mathematically specified by using a coupled nonlinear system of partial differential equations (PDEs). The system of PDEs is simplified into a dimensionless form of ODEs, which are then further numerically treated with the MATLAB package based on the finite difference method (bvp4c). It has been noticed that the permeability component develops the heat transfer curve while decreasing the flow rate of the fluid. The impact of heat source/sink increases the energy profile. Moreover, the plate surface demonstrates the dominant behavior of energy transportation than a cylinder with the variance of Ag-Fe<jats:sub>3</jats:sub>O<jats:sub>4</jats:sub>-NPs.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-16DOI: 10.1177/01445987241272563
Xuefan Wang, Jianwei Zhong, Ziyang Zhang, Xu Zeng, Rui Shen, Ze Deng, Nan Wang
The migration and diffusion of coalbed methane (CBM) are impeded by adsorption in pore channels, resulting in a significant portion of CBM being trapped in the reservoir and thereby reducing the efficiency of CBM extraction. Investigating the adsorption and diffusion behavior of CBM in reservoirs is crucial for optimizing CBM extraction. In this study, we developed a theory based on the basic geological characteristics of coal beds and the adsorption state of CBM, focusing on the transition state of adsorption gas diffusion of surface diffusion gas molecules. We explored the impact of various factors on the diffusion coefficients and adsorption capacity of CBM, elucidating the underlying reasons for variations in CBM adsorption and diffusion through molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that CBM undergoes simultaneous adsorption and desorption on the surface of coal beds, with adsorption conforming to the Langmuir monomolecular layer adsorption. Increasing reservoir temperature leads to a reduction in methane adsorption and a gradual increase in diffusion coefficient. For instance, at 80 °C, methane adsorption decreases to 0.5 mg/m3, while the diffusion coefficient increases to 4 × 10−9 m2/s. Moreover, the presence of water in coal beds significantly weakens CBM adsorption capacity, with a water content of 0.5% resulting in a minimal adsorption capacity of 0.5 mg/m3. Additionally, increasing coal bed pressure enhances CBM adsorption capacity but decreases the diffusion coefficient. For example, a reservoir pressure of 30 MPa increases CBM adsorption capacity to 0.65 mg/m3, while reducing the diffusion coefficient to 2.5 × 10−9 m2/s. Overall, our study demonstrates that geological conditions, such as temperature, water content, and pressure, play crucial roles in shaping CBM adsorption and diffusion behavior. By understanding these environmental factors, we can effectively manipulate CBM diffusion and adsorption capacity, thereby providing essential insights and foundational data for CBM exploitation.
{"title":"Research on the molecular dynamics of coalbed methane diffusion and adsorption in reservoir pores under different factors","authors":"Xuefan Wang, Jianwei Zhong, Ziyang Zhang, Xu Zeng, Rui Shen, Ze Deng, Nan Wang","doi":"10.1177/01445987241272563","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241272563","url":null,"abstract":"The migration and diffusion of coalbed methane (CBM) are impeded by adsorption in pore channels, resulting in a significant portion of CBM being trapped in the reservoir and thereby reducing the efficiency of CBM extraction. Investigating the adsorption and diffusion behavior of CBM in reservoirs is crucial for optimizing CBM extraction. In this study, we developed a theory based on the basic geological characteristics of coal beds and the adsorption state of CBM, focusing on the transition state of adsorption gas diffusion of surface diffusion gas molecules. We explored the impact of various factors on the diffusion coefficients and adsorption capacity of CBM, elucidating the underlying reasons for variations in CBM adsorption and diffusion through molecular dynamics simulations. Our findings reveal that CBM undergoes simultaneous adsorption and desorption on the surface of coal beds, with adsorption conforming to the Langmuir monomolecular layer adsorption. Increasing reservoir temperature leads to a reduction in methane adsorption and a gradual increase in diffusion coefficient. For instance, at 80 °C, methane adsorption decreases to 0.5 mg/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, while the diffusion coefficient increases to 4 × 10<jats:sup>−9 </jats:sup>m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s. Moreover, the presence of water in coal beds significantly weakens CBM adsorption capacity, with a water content of 0.5% resulting in a minimal adsorption capacity of 0.5 mg/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>. Additionally, increasing coal bed pressure enhances CBM adsorption capacity but decreases the diffusion coefficient. For example, a reservoir pressure of 30 MPa increases CBM adsorption capacity to 0.65 mg/m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup>, while reducing the diffusion coefficient to 2.5 × 10<jats:sup>−9 </jats:sup>m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>/s. Overall, our study demonstrates that geological conditions, such as temperature, water content, and pressure, play crucial roles in shaping CBM adsorption and diffusion behavior. By understanding these environmental factors, we can effectively manipulate CBM diffusion and adsorption capacity, thereby providing essential insights and foundational data for CBM exploitation.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
During underground coal mining, Mining-induced seismicity is a crucial factor leading to roadway deformation. Based on a case study of rib spalling caused by mining-induced seismicity in China, this paper utilizes the Universal Distinct Element Code to investigate the mechanism of rib spalling. It analyzes the stress evolution process of roadway surrounding rock and the damage process under the influence of mining-induced seismicity. Additionally, it examines the relationship between seismic wave amplitude, frequency and the damage characteristics of roadway surrounding rock. Findings show that seismic waves induce stress concentration zones in the deeper surrounding rock, causing shear failure, while stress concentration zones emerge in the top, bottom and shoulders of roadway, leading to tensile failure in the shallower surrounding rock. With increasing seismic wave amplitude, the critical crack length of surrounding rock decreases, resulting in a linear increase in crack count and distribution area. The roadway exhibits a ‘n'-shaped damage profile primarily driven by shear failure. With increasing seismic wave frequency, the crack count in the surrounding rock of the roadway exhibits a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing. This trend becomes more pronounced with larger amplitudes. Rib spalling damage is influenced by seismic wave frequency and amplitude: frequencies of 20–25 Hz and 80–100 Hz require amplitudes exceeding 3 m for damage, while 25–30 Hz and 55–80 Hz require amplitudes over 2 m, and 30–55 Hz necessitate amplitudes exceeding 1.5 m.
{"title":"The role of mining-induced seismicity amplitude and frequency in gob-side roadway rib spalling","authors":"Zong-long Mu, Jiaxin Zhuang, Xiufeng Zhang, Jinglong Cao, Zujun Lu, Xingen Ma, Fuhong Li","doi":"10.1177/01445987241266890","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241266890","url":null,"abstract":"During underground coal mining, Mining-induced seismicity is a crucial factor leading to roadway deformation. Based on a case study of rib spalling caused by mining-induced seismicity in China, this paper utilizes the Universal Distinct Element Code to investigate the mechanism of rib spalling. It analyzes the stress evolution process of roadway surrounding rock and the damage process under the influence of mining-induced seismicity. Additionally, it examines the relationship between seismic wave amplitude, frequency and the damage characteristics of roadway surrounding rock. Findings show that seismic waves induce stress concentration zones in the deeper surrounding rock, causing shear failure, while stress concentration zones emerge in the top, bottom and shoulders of roadway, leading to tensile failure in the shallower surrounding rock. With increasing seismic wave amplitude, the critical crack length of surrounding rock decreases, resulting in a linear increase in crack count and distribution area. The roadway exhibits a ‘n'-shaped damage profile primarily driven by shear failure. With increasing seismic wave frequency, the crack count in the surrounding rock of the roadway exhibits a trend of initially increasing and then decreasing. This trend becomes more pronounced with larger amplitudes. Rib spalling damage is influenced by seismic wave frequency and amplitude: frequencies of 20–25 Hz and 80–100 Hz require amplitudes exceeding 3 m for damage, while 25–30 Hz and 55–80 Hz require amplitudes over 2 m, and 30–55 Hz necessitate amplitudes exceeding 1.5 m.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142195109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-06DOI: 10.1177/01445987241262057
Li Bin, Lu Jingan, Shen Kaixiang, Yu Yanjiang, Li Bo
The sediment type in the “Shenhu” sea area of the South China Sea is mud sediment, with poor reservoir physical conditions, and the seabed is loose with a small pressure window. These conditions pose heightened safety challenges for the extraction of hydrates in this region. This study develops a multiphase flow model that accounts for the endothermic decomposition of hydrates and employs the finite difference method for its solution. Utilizing this model, the multiphase flow characteristics during depressurization extraction at a specific well in the “Shenhu” area are investigated. Building on this, the study analyses the impact of varying pump rates and geothermal gradients on multiphase flow properties, hydrate yield, and engineering safety. Based on the analytical findings, recommendations are proposed to balance hydrate production with engineering safety, effectively mitigating potential engineering accidents during depressurization extraction. The outcomes of this research offer technical guidance for the commercial exploitation of hydrates in the “Shenhu” area of the South China Sea, laying a foundation for future related studies.
{"title":"Thermo-pressure coupling model for gas hydrate depressurization exploitation in South China Sea","authors":"Li Bin, Lu Jingan, Shen Kaixiang, Yu Yanjiang, Li Bo","doi":"10.1177/01445987241262057","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241262057","url":null,"abstract":"The sediment type in the “Shenhu” sea area of the South China Sea is mud sediment, with poor reservoir physical conditions, and the seabed is loose with a small pressure window. These conditions pose heightened safety challenges for the extraction of hydrates in this region. This study develops a multiphase flow model that accounts for the endothermic decomposition of hydrates and employs the finite difference method for its solution. Utilizing this model, the multiphase flow characteristics during depressurization extraction at a specific well in the “Shenhu” area are investigated. Building on this, the study analyses the impact of varying pump rates and geothermal gradients on multiphase flow properties, hydrate yield, and engineering safety. Based on the analytical findings, recommendations are proposed to balance hydrate production with engineering safety, effectively mitigating potential engineering accidents during depressurization extraction. The outcomes of this research offer technical guidance for the commercial exploitation of hydrates in the “Shenhu” area of the South China Sea, laying a foundation for future related studies.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141948361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/01445987241268075
Reenu Batra, Shakti Arora, Mayank Mohan Sharma, Sonu Rana, Kanishka Raheja, Abeer Saber, Mohd Asif Shah
Due to rising demand for energy-efficient buildings, advanced predictive models are needed to evaluate heating and cooling load requirements. This research presents a unified strategy that blends LSTM networks and GBM to improve building energy load estimates’ precision and reliability. Data on energy usage, weather conditions, occupancy trends, and building features is collected and prepared to start the process. GBM model attributes are created using sequential relationships and initial load projections using LSTM networks. Combining LSTM with GBM takes advantage of each model's strengths: LSTM's sequential data processing and GBM's complex nonlinear connection capture. Performance measures like RMSE and MAE are used to evaluate the hybrid model's validity. Compared to individual models, the integrated LSTM-GBM method improves prediction accuracy. This higher predictive capacity allows real-time energy management systems, improving building operations and reducing energy use. Implementing this integrated model in Building Management Systems (BMS) shows its practicality in achieving sustainable building energy efficiency.
{"title":"Integration of LSTM networks with gradient boosting machines (GBM) for assessing heating and cooling load requirements in building energy efficiency","authors":"Reenu Batra, Shakti Arora, Mayank Mohan Sharma, Sonu Rana, Kanishka Raheja, Abeer Saber, Mohd Asif Shah","doi":"10.1177/01445987241268075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241268075","url":null,"abstract":"Due to rising demand for energy-efficient buildings, advanced predictive models are needed to evaluate heating and cooling load requirements. This research presents a unified strategy that blends LSTM networks and GBM to improve building energy load estimates’ precision and reliability. Data on energy usage, weather conditions, occupancy trends, and building features is collected and prepared to start the process. GBM model attributes are created using sequential relationships and initial load projections using LSTM networks. Combining LSTM with GBM takes advantage of each model's strengths: LSTM's sequential data processing and GBM's complex nonlinear connection capture. Performance measures like RMSE and MAE are used to evaluate the hybrid model's validity. Compared to individual models, the integrated LSTM-GBM method improves prediction accuracy. This higher predictive capacity allows real-time energy management systems, improving building operations and reducing energy use. Implementing this integrated model in Building Management Systems (BMS) shows its practicality in achieving sustainable building energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/01445987241269009
Moien A Omar
In rural areas, diesel generators are prevalent due to their lower initial cost, despite inefficiencies and carbon emissions. Transitioning to PV/Battery/Diesel systems offers a solution by reducing costs and emissions. However, the high upfront expenses present a significant barrier, particularly for rural communities, necessitating external financial support. This study evaluates the benefits of adopting a PV/Battery/Diesel hybrid system over traditional diesel generators in a rural community with 25 customers and a daily demand of 50 kWh. The proposed system includes a 12 kWp photovoltaic array and a 48 kWh battery bank, simulated using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software. Results indicate a 91% renewable fraction and a cost of energy of 0.279 USD/kWh, substantially lower than the 1.05 USD/kWh of diesel-only systems, with CO2 savings of 25 t per year. The paper advocates for a case study approach to green mechanism, urging energy and environmental companies to invest in these systems. By replacing diesel generators with hybrid PV/Diesel/Battery systems, companies can offer electricity at a reduced cost, driving adoption. Selling carbon credits from emission savings can generate additional income, leveraging CO2 tax incentives. Under scenarios where investors cover 50% of diesel costs, selling electricity yields 9581 USD annually, and selling CO2 credits generates 500 USD annually. This leads to a payback period of 9.83 years without CO2 credits and 9.18 years with CO2 credits, totaling 46,848 USD without CO2 credits and 52,927 USD with CO2 credits over the project's lifespan. Meanwhile, adjusting electricity pricing to 75% of diesel costs, this increases annual income from electricity sales to 14,372 USD. This reduces the payback period to 5.89 years without CO2 credits and 5.66 years with CO2 credits, totaling 105,094 USD without CO2 credits and 111,174 USD with CO2 credits at the end of the project.
{"title":"Green mechanism: Opportunities for corporate investment in PV/battery/diesel hybrid systems with techno-economic and environmental analysis","authors":"Moien A Omar","doi":"10.1177/01445987241269009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241269009","url":null,"abstract":"In rural areas, diesel generators are prevalent due to their lower initial cost, despite inefficiencies and carbon emissions. Transitioning to PV/Battery/Diesel systems offers a solution by reducing costs and emissions. However, the high upfront expenses present a significant barrier, particularly for rural communities, necessitating external financial support. This study evaluates the benefits of adopting a PV/Battery/Diesel hybrid system over traditional diesel generators in a rural community with 25 customers and a daily demand of 50 kWh. The proposed system includes a 12 kWp photovoltaic array and a 48 kWh battery bank, simulated using Hybrid Optimization of Multiple Energy Resources (HOMER) software. Results indicate a 91% renewable fraction and a cost of energy of 0.279 USD/kWh, substantially lower than the 1.05 USD/kWh of diesel-only systems, with CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> savings of 25 t per year. The paper advocates for a case study approach to green mechanism, urging energy and environmental companies to invest in these systems. By replacing diesel generators with hybrid PV/Diesel/Battery systems, companies can offer electricity at a reduced cost, driving adoption. Selling carbon credits from emission savings can generate additional income, leveraging CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> tax incentives. Under scenarios where investors cover 50% of diesel costs, selling electricity yields 9581 USD annually, and selling CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits generates 500 USD annually. This leads to a payback period of 9.83 years without CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits and 9.18 years with CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits, totaling 46,848 USD without CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits and 52,927 USD with CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits over the project's lifespan. Meanwhile, adjusting electricity pricing to 75% of diesel costs, this increases annual income from electricity sales to 14,372 USD. This reduces the payback period to 5.89 years without CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits and 5.66 years with CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits, totaling 105,094 USD without CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits and 111,174 USD with CO<jats:sub>2</jats:sub> credits at the end of the project.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/01445987241269448
Vu Ngoc Xuan
Technology Revolution 5.0, characterized by the integration of cutting-edge technologies (CET) like artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), and blockchain into various facets of life, has brought remarkable advancements and conveniences. However, this era has also raised significant concerns regarding its environmental impact. The paper applies the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag approach). The manuscript applied the World Bank data from 2000 to 2022. This paper aims to delve into the determinants contributing to carbon dioxide emissions in the context of industrial revolution 5.0, focusing on Singapore as a case study. The article combines a review of the existing literature, an analysis of the Singaporean environmental landscape, and empirical findings to shed light on this critical issue. The empirical study shows that electricity consumption and foreign direct investment significantly negatively affect environmental pollution in Singapore; fossil fuel and import positively influence ecological pollution. This article helps policymakers have policy implications for Singaporeans in the future.
{"title":"Determinants of carbon dioxide emissions in Technology Revolution 5.0: New insights from Singapore","authors":"Vu Ngoc Xuan","doi":"10.1177/01445987241269448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241269448","url":null,"abstract":"Technology Revolution 5.0, characterized by the integration of cutting-edge technologies (CET) like artificial intelligence (AI), internet of things (IoT), and blockchain into various facets of life, has brought remarkable advancements and conveniences. However, this era has also raised significant concerns regarding its environmental impact. The paper applies the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag approach). The manuscript applied the World Bank data from 2000 to 2022. This paper aims to delve into the determinants contributing to carbon dioxide emissions in the context of industrial revolution 5.0, focusing on Singapore as a case study. The article combines a review of the existing literature, an analysis of the Singaporean environmental landscape, and empirical findings to shed light on this critical issue. The empirical study shows that electricity consumption and foreign direct investment significantly negatively affect environmental pollution in Singapore; fossil fuel and import positively influence ecological pollution. This article helps policymakers have policy implications for Singaporeans in the future.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-02DOI: 10.1177/01445987241268072
Sassi Rekik, Souheil El Alimi
The unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, raises concerns about consistent power supply based on a single type. Green hydrogen presents a promising solution to mitigate the environmental effects of fossil fuels and control the unpredictability of renewable energy sources. Yet, developing green hydrogen systems mandates immense financial commitments, vitally stressing the importance of determining the most appropriate locations before constructing them. As such, the primary purpose of this paper was to propose an initial spatial analysis and prioritize the most suitable locations for installing solar-based green hydrogen systems in Tunisia. For this reason, an exhaustive literature survey was conducted to develop a GIS-based MCDM approach, taking into account technical, topography, environmental, and accessibility criteria. Then, EDAS, ARAS, MOORA, and COPRAS techniques were used to rank the most promising sites resulting from the previous stage. The study revealed that sites of high suitability, primarily in the southeastern and southwestern parts of Tunisia, spanned a total area of 1591 km2 (0.78%). Among such regions, Sfax, Monastir, and Sousse appeared to hold the top ranking as the most suitable locations for solar-based hydrogen. The “most suitable” sites had a hydrogen potential capacity of 9910 Mt per year, with Sfax, Monastir, and Sousse accounting for 14.5% of that capacity. By tapping into this immense potential and embracing the green hydrogen industry, Tunisia has the opportunity to lead in renewable energy adoption. This move could help ensure energy security, reduce dependence on imports, stimulate economic growth, and steer the nation toward a more sustainable and prosperous future.
{"title":"A spatial ranking of optimal sites for solar-driven green hydrogen production using GIS and multi-criteria decision-making approach: A case of Tunisia","authors":"Sassi Rekik, Souheil El Alimi","doi":"10.1177/01445987241268072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241268072","url":null,"abstract":"The unpredictable nature of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, raises concerns about consistent power supply based on a single type. Green hydrogen presents a promising solution to mitigate the environmental effects of fossil fuels and control the unpredictability of renewable energy sources. Yet, developing green hydrogen systems mandates immense financial commitments, vitally stressing the importance of determining the most appropriate locations before constructing them. As such, the primary purpose of this paper was to propose an initial spatial analysis and prioritize the most suitable locations for installing solar-based green hydrogen systems in Tunisia. For this reason, an exhaustive literature survey was conducted to develop a GIS-based MCDM approach, taking into account technical, topography, environmental, and accessibility criteria. Then, EDAS, ARAS, MOORA, and COPRAS techniques were used to rank the most promising sites resulting from the previous stage. The study revealed that sites of high suitability, primarily in the southeastern and southwestern parts of Tunisia, spanned a total area of 1591 km<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> (0.78%). Among such regions, Sfax, Monastir, and Sousse appeared to hold the top ranking as the most suitable locations for solar-based hydrogen. The “most suitable” sites had a hydrogen potential capacity of 9910 Mt per year, with Sfax, Monastir, and Sousse accounting for 14.5% of that capacity. By tapping into this immense potential and embracing the green hydrogen industry, Tunisia has the opportunity to lead in renewable energy adoption. This move could help ensure energy security, reduce dependence on imports, stimulate economic growth, and steer the nation toward a more sustainable and prosperous future.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141883598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-26DOI: 10.1177/01445987241265125
Basharat Ullah, Duaa Rafique, Umar Khan, Hafiz Abdul Wahab, Walid Emam
Application, Purpose, and Methodology: The Soret and Dufour effects, which are also referred to as cross-diffusion gradients, are advantageous to the manufacturing of binary alloys, the transmission of groundwater contamination, the extraction of oil, and the separation of gas. These are an example of a gradient, which occurs when substances diffuse over one another. The Dufour effect is responsible for the transfer of heat, whereas the Soret effect is concerned with the movement of materials. Both effects are caused by differences in concentration. Temperature differences are the link between the two effects. The Soret and Dufour statistics, in conjunction with the joule heating process, are utilized by us. Through the use of the convergent series, solutions for temperature, speed, and concentration are ultimately found. Core Findings: The findings of these investigations may give researchers engineering and industrial solutions that are unique and advantageous. The computation that is being done right now demonstrates that the sense of radial velocity diminishes as the Hartman number increases. In addition, the temperature of the fluid drops when there is a greater quantity of Prandtl and Soret than before. Methodology: Using the proper transformations, the numerical solution to the micropolar fluid flow problem over a curved stretched disk entails simplifying the partial differential equation system into an ordinary differential equation. This is done to solve the problem. In the process of converting partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations, similarity transformations are utilized. During the shooting process, we use the Runge-Kutta method to solve coupled equations and obtain numerical solutions. By utilizing the nondimensional radius of curvature, we can determine the nondimensional radius of curvature and report the fluid. Future Work: When compared to flat sheets, curved stretched sheets exhibit differences that result in significant boundary layer strain. This is something that will be worked on in the future. Research in the future might concentrate on further investigating these distinctions and the practical ramifications they have, with the possibility of expanding the scope of the investigation to include a variety of engineering and industrial applications in which these effects play an important role.
{"title":"Thermo diffusion and diffusion thermo effects on unsteady flow over a curved surface","authors":"Basharat Ullah, Duaa Rafique, Umar Khan, Hafiz Abdul Wahab, Walid Emam","doi":"10.1177/01445987241265125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241265125","url":null,"abstract":"Application, Purpose, and Methodology: The Soret and Dufour effects, which are also referred to as cross-diffusion gradients, are advantageous to the manufacturing of binary alloys, the transmission of groundwater contamination, the extraction of oil, and the separation of gas. These are an example of a gradient, which occurs when substances diffuse over one another. The Dufour effect is responsible for the transfer of heat, whereas the Soret effect is concerned with the movement of materials. Both effects are caused by differences in concentration. Temperature differences are the link between the two effects. The Soret and Dufour statistics, in conjunction with the joule heating process, are utilized by us. Through the use of the convergent series, solutions for temperature, speed, and concentration are ultimately found. Core Findings: The findings of these investigations may give researchers engineering and industrial solutions that are unique and advantageous. The computation that is being done right now demonstrates that the sense of radial velocity diminishes as the Hartman number increases. In addition, the temperature of the fluid drops when there is a greater quantity of Prandtl and Soret than before. Methodology: Using the proper transformations, the numerical solution to the micropolar fluid flow problem over a curved stretched disk entails simplifying the partial differential equation system into an ordinary differential equation. This is done to solve the problem. In the process of converting partial differential equations into ordinary differential equations, similarity transformations are utilized. During the shooting process, we use the Runge-Kutta method to solve coupled equations and obtain numerical solutions. By utilizing the nondimensional radius of curvature, we can determine the nondimensional radius of curvature and report the fluid. Future Work: When compared to flat sheets, curved stretched sheets exhibit differences that result in significant boundary layer strain. This is something that will be worked on in the future. Research in the future might concentrate on further investigating these distinctions and the practical ramifications they have, with the possibility of expanding the scope of the investigation to include a variety of engineering and industrial applications in which these effects play an important role.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1177/01445987241266630
Ifeanyi Benedict Ohanu, Uzoma Stephen Egesimba
Software systems such as Proteus, Matlab, and an Arduino Uno programming software system, comprising an Infra-red flame sensor, a 5v Motor and other components like Buzzer, relay, light emitting diode, transistor, resistor and capacitors, were used in order to detect smoke, flame or fire and suppress it in a laboratory. The methodology of the system's design, as well as the operation of the system, were schematically highlighted. The control measures and maintenance strategies to be deployed for the smooth functioning of the system design were also discussed, wherever they are used. Solutions to checkmate fire disasters were proffered. The workings of the system are that when the sensor registers or turns zero (0), it means that there is no fire, flame or smoke to suppress, while when it turns to one (1), it indicates that there is smoke or fire to suppress. The process recorded 95% success.
为了检测实验室中的烟雾、火焰或火灾并加以抑制，使用了 Proteus、Matlab 和 Arduino Uno 编程软件系统等软件系统，包括一个红外线火焰传感器、一个 5v 电机和蜂鸣器、继电器、发光二极管、晶体管、电阻器和电容器等其他组件。系统的设计方法以及系统的运行原理图都得到了强调。此外，还讨论了为使系统设计顺利运行而采取的控制措施和维护策略。还提出了防止火灾的解决方案。该系统的工作原理是，当传感器记录或变为零（0）时，表示没有火、火焰或烟雾需要扑灭；而当传感器变为一（1）时，表示有烟雾或火需要扑灭。这一过程的成功率为 95%。
{"title":"Fire detection and suppression in gas-plants using automatic sensors among electrical/electronic technology education graduates in Nigeria","authors":"Ifeanyi Benedict Ohanu, Uzoma Stephen Egesimba","doi":"10.1177/01445987241266630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241266630","url":null,"abstract":"Software systems such as Proteus, Matlab, and an Arduino Uno programming software system, comprising an Infra-red flame sensor, a 5v Motor and other components like Buzzer, relay, light emitting diode, transistor, resistor and capacitors, were used in order to detect smoke, flame or fire and suppress it in a laboratory. The methodology of the system's design, as well as the operation of the system, were schematically highlighted. The control measures and maintenance strategies to be deployed for the smooth functioning of the system design were also discussed, wherever they are used. Solutions to checkmate fire disasters were proffered. The workings of the system are that when the sensor registers or turns zero (0), it means that there is no fire, flame or smoke to suppress, while when it turns to one (1), it indicates that there is smoke or fire to suppress. The process recorded 95% success.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141776598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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