Pub Date : 2024-03-20DOI: 10.1177/01445987241235419
Muhammad Asif, Adil Amin, Umar Jamil, Anzar Mahmood, Ubaid Ahmed, Sohail Razzaq, Fahad Parvez Mahdi
The ever-increasing electricity demand, its dependency on fossil fuels, and the consequent environmental degradation are major concerns of this era. The worldwide domination of fossil fuels in bulk electricity generation is rapidly increasing the emissions of CO[Formula: see text] and other environmentally dangerous gases that are contributing to climate change. The economic and emission dispatch are two important problems in thermal power generation whose combination produces a complex highly constrained nonlinear optimization problem known as combined economic and emission dispatch. The optimization of combined economic and emission dispatch aims to allocate the generation of committed units to minimize fuel cost and emissions, simultaneously while honoring all equality and inequality constraints. Therefore, in this article, we investigate a solution of the combined economic and emission dispatch problem using quantum particle swarm optimization and its two modified versions, that is, enhanced quantum particle swarm optimization and quantum particle swarm optimization integrated with weighted mean personal best and adaptive local attractor. The enhanced quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm achieves particles’ diversification at early stages and shows good performance in local search at later stages. The quantum particle swarm optimization integrated with weighted mean personal best and adaptive local attractor boosts search performance of quantum particle swarm optimization and attains better global optimality. The suggested methods are employed to achieve solution for the combined economic and emission dispatch in four distinct systems, encompassing two scenarios with 6 units each, one with a 10-unit configuration, and another with an 11-unit setup. A comparative analysis with methodologies documented in existing literature reveals that the proposed approach outperforms others, demonstrating superior computational performance and robust efficiency.
{"title":"Combined emission economic dispatch using quantum-inspired particle swarm optimization and its variants","authors":"Muhammad Asif, Adil Amin, Umar Jamil, Anzar Mahmood, Ubaid Ahmed, Sohail Razzaq, Fahad Parvez Mahdi","doi":"10.1177/01445987241235419","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241235419","url":null,"abstract":"The ever-increasing electricity demand, its dependency on fossil fuels, and the consequent environmental degradation are major concerns of this era. The worldwide domination of fossil fuels in bulk electricity generation is rapidly increasing the emissions of CO[Formula: see text] and other environmentally dangerous gases that are contributing to climate change. The economic and emission dispatch are two important problems in thermal power generation whose combination produces a complex highly constrained nonlinear optimization problem known as combined economic and emission dispatch. The optimization of combined economic and emission dispatch aims to allocate the generation of committed units to minimize fuel cost and emissions, simultaneously while honoring all equality and inequality constraints. Therefore, in this article, we investigate a solution of the combined economic and emission dispatch problem using quantum particle swarm optimization and its two modified versions, that is, enhanced quantum particle swarm optimization and quantum particle swarm optimization integrated with weighted mean personal best and adaptive local attractor. The enhanced quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm achieves particles’ diversification at early stages and shows good performance in local search at later stages. The quantum particle swarm optimization integrated with weighted mean personal best and adaptive local attractor boosts search performance of quantum particle swarm optimization and attains better global optimality. The suggested methods are employed to achieve solution for the combined economic and emission dispatch in four distinct systems, encompassing two scenarios with 6 units each, one with a 10-unit configuration, and another with an 11-unit setup. A comparative analysis with methodologies documented in existing literature reveals that the proposed approach outperforms others, demonstrating superior computational performance and robust efficiency.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140198107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-14DOI: 10.1177/01445987231224646
Lin Sun, Caifang Wu, Teng Teng, Zhengzheng Cao, Fei Liu, Yuhe Cai, Yi Xue, Yanzhao Zhu
Liquid nitrogen has emerged as a promising fracturing medium for unconventional natural gas extraction, particularly in the context of coalbed methane extraction, generating significant interest in recent times. In this paper, we analyze the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of coal samples treated with liquid nitrogen under three-point bending load conditions using indoor experiments and field investigations. We investigate the impact of liquid nitrogen on coal samples by analyzing AE data. The mechanical properties of coal samples with varying initial temperatures were tested under three-point bending load conditions after treatment with liquid nitrogen. The load-displacement curve was analyzed to study the mechanical properties of the coal samples after treatment with liquid nitrogen. Through indoor three-point bending experiments, data analysis, and knowledge of mechanics, we systematically investigated the changes in mechanical properties caused by liquid nitrogen treatment under different conditions. The results demonstrate that the application of liquid nitrogen has significant impacts on the mechanical and AE characteristics of coal samples. The load-displacement curve indicated that the mechanical properties of the coal samples changed after treatment with liquid nitrogen. The AE experiment revealed regular changes in vibration and energy parameters of coal samples after liquid nitrogen treatment under different conditions. We further investigated the changes in mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of coal samples after undergoing liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing in differing environments. Graphs such as load-displacement curves, load-time curves, cumulative vibration count-energy count graphs, and RA-AF density distribution diagrams visually demonstrated the changes in mechanical properties and deformation characteristics. Through an integrated approach of indoor experiments, data analysis, and knowledge of mechanics, our study provides a better understanding of the behavior of coal samples under different conditions. This understanding can contribute to the development of safer and more efficient methods for extracting coalbed methane.
{"title":"Investigation of the impact of heating and liquid nitrogen (LN2) cooling on the mechanical and acoustic emission (AE) properties of coal","authors":"Lin Sun, Caifang Wu, Teng Teng, Zhengzheng Cao, Fei Liu, Yuhe Cai, Yi Xue, Yanzhao Zhu","doi":"10.1177/01445987231224646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987231224646","url":null,"abstract":"Liquid nitrogen has emerged as a promising fracturing medium for unconventional natural gas extraction, particularly in the context of coalbed methane extraction, generating significant interest in recent times. In this paper, we analyze the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of coal samples treated with liquid nitrogen under three-point bending load conditions using indoor experiments and field investigations. We investigate the impact of liquid nitrogen on coal samples by analyzing AE data. The mechanical properties of coal samples with varying initial temperatures were tested under three-point bending load conditions after treatment with liquid nitrogen. The load-displacement curve was analyzed to study the mechanical properties of the coal samples after treatment with liquid nitrogen. Through indoor three-point bending experiments, data analysis, and knowledge of mechanics, we systematically investigated the changes in mechanical properties caused by liquid nitrogen treatment under different conditions. The results demonstrate that the application of liquid nitrogen has significant impacts on the mechanical and AE characteristics of coal samples. The load-displacement curve indicated that the mechanical properties of the coal samples changed after treatment with liquid nitrogen. The AE experiment revealed regular changes in vibration and energy parameters of coal samples after liquid nitrogen treatment under different conditions. We further investigated the changes in mechanical properties and deformation characteristics of coal samples after undergoing liquid nitrogen freezing and thawing in differing environments. Graphs such as load-displacement curves, load-time curves, cumulative vibration count-energy count graphs, and RA-AF density distribution diagrams visually demonstrated the changes in mechanical properties and deformation characteristics. Through an integrated approach of indoor experiments, data analysis, and knowledge of mechanics, our study provides a better understanding of the behavior of coal samples under different conditions. This understanding can contribute to the development of safer and more efficient methods for extracting coalbed methane.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140156685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-12DOI: 10.1177/01445987241238260
Yin Zhang, Wenyang Han, Menglong Zhang, Jin Li
With the continuous development of urbanization in our country, the contradiction between the protection of traditional village heritage architecture and the development of modern urban lifestyle is becoming increasingly prominent. With the introduction of China's rural revitalization strategy, improving the rural living environment, promoting sustainable development, utilizing renewable energy for power supply, and achieving low-carbon architecture have become particularly important. This article investigates the relationship between solar energy system and site layout in illustrative historic buildings, and uses thermal-economic methods for feasibility analysis of such old building retrofitting program toward nearly zero energy construction. The preliminary results indicate that integrating solar panel roof with old building body for renewable energy exploitation can achieve good economic benefits while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This work provides reference insights into the sustainable transformation of traditional rural heritage conservation buildings in our country and proposes feasible solutions to reconcile the contradiction between the preservation of traditional architectural heritage and sustainable modernization demands.
{"title":"Solar-assisted old dwellings renovation: Thermal-economical study and typical application in China","authors":"Yin Zhang, Wenyang Han, Menglong Zhang, Jin Li","doi":"10.1177/01445987241238260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241238260","url":null,"abstract":"With the continuous development of urbanization in our country, the contradiction between the protection of traditional village heritage architecture and the development of modern urban lifestyle is becoming increasingly prominent. With the introduction of China's rural revitalization strategy, improving the rural living environment, promoting sustainable development, utilizing renewable energy for power supply, and achieving low-carbon architecture have become particularly important. This article investigates the relationship between solar energy system and site layout in illustrative historic buildings, and uses thermal-economic methods for feasibility analysis of such old building retrofitting program toward nearly zero energy construction. The preliminary results indicate that integrating solar panel roof with old building body for renewable energy exploitation can achieve good economic benefits while reducing carbon dioxide emissions. This work provides reference insights into the sustainable transformation of traditional rural heritage conservation buildings in our country and proposes feasible solutions to reconcile the contradiction between the preservation of traditional architectural heritage and sustainable modernization demands.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140129209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1177/01445987241237561
Kunal K Dayal, John E Cater, Gilles Bellon, Michael J Kingan, Rajnish N Sharma
This study presents an analysis of the proposed Weather Research and Forecasting–Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WRF–WAsP) models coupling methodology and evaluates the improvement in the accuracy of the wind predictions for the small island developing state (SIDS) of Fiji in the tropical Southwest Pacific region. The results revealed that the proposed WRF–WAsP coupling methodology can be used as a wind resource assessment methodology provided very-high resolution dynamically downscaled wind resource data is available in the order of 10 years for utility-scale wind power applications. The analysis also revealed that the 1 km × 1 km WRF model data from the finest (high-resolution) domain (d03) is best for coupling WRF–WAsP for wind resource parameters evaluation. The coupling methodology of WRF–WAsP improved the accuracy of the wind prediction by 0.2–6% for the wind resource parameters evaluated for Fiji.
本研究分析了拟议的天气研究与预报-风图集分析和应用计划（WRF-WAsP）模型耦合方法，并评估了对西南太平洋热带地区小岛屿发展中国家斐济的风预测精度的提高情况。研究结果表明，如果有 10 年左右的高分辨率动态降尺度风资源数据，拟议的 WRF-WAsP 耦合方法可用作公用事业规模风力发电应用的风资源评估方法。分析还表明，最细（高分辨率）域（d03）的 1 km × 1 km WRF 模型数据最适合耦合 WRF-WAsP 进行风资源参数评估。WRF-WAsP 的耦合方法使斐济风资源参数评估的风预测精度提高了 0.2-6%。
{"title":"Evaluation of the mesoscale–microscale (WRF–WAsP) coupling methodology for wind resource parameters in Fiji","authors":"Kunal K Dayal, John E Cater, Gilles Bellon, Michael J Kingan, Rajnish N Sharma","doi":"10.1177/01445987241237561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241237561","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents an analysis of the proposed Weather Research and Forecasting–Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program (WRF–WAsP) models coupling methodology and evaluates the improvement in the accuracy of the wind predictions for the small island developing state (SIDS) of Fiji in the tropical Southwest Pacific region. The results revealed that the proposed WRF–WAsP coupling methodology can be used as a wind resource assessment methodology provided very-high resolution dynamically downscaled wind resource data is available in the order of 10 years for utility-scale wind power applications. The analysis also revealed that the 1 km × 1 km WRF model data from the finest (high-resolution) domain (d03) is best for coupling WRF–WAsP for wind resource parameters evaluation. The coupling methodology of WRF–WAsP improved the accuracy of the wind prediction by 0.2–6% for the wind resource parameters evaluated for Fiji.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140057656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1177/01445987231200100
Mohd Alsaleh, A.S. Abdul-Rahim
There are many advantages of geothermal energy, as an environmentally friendly resource; however, for these benefits of geothermal power to be fully maximized, there are some problems that need to be addressed. The primary objective of this research was to examine the influence of intellectual property (IP) rights and economic growth on the geothermal energy output among the 27 European countries within the time frame 1990 to 2021. This study adopts auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL). The findings show that a significant increase in the geothermal energy industry sustainability can occur in EU14 emerged economies using IP rights than in EU13 emerging economies. The major contributions of the research are that among additional factors, intellectual capital, market size, intuitional quality, and economic growth contribute more positively to geothermal energy sustainability in EU14 emerged economies than in EU13 emerging economies. Results from the analysis show geothermal power sustainability among the 27 European countries could be boosted significantly by adequately putting in place the determining factors of IP as this will foster the attainment of aims behind the energy union by the year 2030. This will no doubt be of help in curbing climate change and environmental pollution in society. The projected calculations were validated through the three estimators adopted for this study, that is, the pooled mean group, mean group, and dynamic fixed effect. The policy implication pointed out by this study the European nations in this study need to make IP indicators to be more effective as this helps in achieving societal and environmental goals. Moreover, the authorities in charge of lawmaking in European countries should focus more on IP areas to ensure the sustainability of geothermal energy generation. Also, authorities in charge of policymaking in the European nations should foster commixture strategies that are sustainable in enhancing IP breakdown as this will assist in fostering geothermal power exploration, thereby reducing the need for fossil fuels which will also carbon dioxide emission in the years to come.
{"title":"The impacts of intellectual capital, market size, and intellectual property factors in geothermal power exploration","authors":"Mohd Alsaleh, A.S. Abdul-Rahim","doi":"10.1177/01445987231200100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987231200100","url":null,"abstract":"There are many advantages of geothermal energy, as an environmentally friendly resource; however, for these benefits of geothermal power to be fully maximized, there are some problems that need to be addressed. The primary objective of this research was to examine the influence of intellectual property (IP) rights and economic growth on the geothermal energy output among the 27 European countries within the time frame 1990 to 2021. This study adopts auto-regressive distributed lag (ARDL). The findings show that a significant increase in the geothermal energy industry sustainability can occur in EU14 emerged economies using IP rights than in EU13 emerging economies. The major contributions of the research are that among additional factors, intellectual capital, market size, intuitional quality, and economic growth contribute more positively to geothermal energy sustainability in EU14 emerged economies than in EU13 emerging economies. Results from the analysis show geothermal power sustainability among the 27 European countries could be boosted significantly by adequately putting in place the determining factors of IP as this will foster the attainment of aims behind the energy union by the year 2030. This will no doubt be of help in curbing climate change and environmental pollution in society. The projected calculations were validated through the three estimators adopted for this study, that is, the pooled mean group, mean group, and dynamic fixed effect. The policy implication pointed out by this study the European nations in this study need to make IP indicators to be more effective as this helps in achieving societal and environmental goals. Moreover, the authorities in charge of lawmaking in European countries should focus more on IP areas to ensure the sustainability of geothermal energy generation. Also, authorities in charge of policymaking in the European nations should foster commixture strategies that are sustainable in enhancing IP breakdown as this will assist in fostering geothermal power exploration, thereby reducing the need for fossil fuels which will also carbon dioxide emission in the years to come.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140055008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-06DOI: 10.1177/01445987231218292
Tayo Uthman Badrudeen, Funso K. Ariyo, Nnamdi Nwulu
A stable power system is a desirable state for the optimal performance and delivery of electricity to the end-users. This study evaluates the effectiveness of grid contingency support devices in power system stability enhancement. The new voltage stability pointer (NVSP) was employed to optimally infer the flexible alternating current transmission systems devices through N − 1 contingency ranking. In this research, the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) was considered as a grid support device. The effectiveness of this technique was validated in R2018a MATLAB with the IEEE 30-bus system using different combinable contingency cases to ascertain the critical lines and vulnerable buses to outages. Based on the results obtained through the NVSP, buses 30, 26, and 29 were cited as STATCOM candidate buses for overall optimal grid performance. The results obtained from the simulation revealed that the total real power loss was reduced by 90.21%. Similarly, the voltage magnitude of the buses was significantly improved to a minimum of 1.00 p.u. after placement of STATCOMs. Further investigation on single STATCOM placement in the IEEE 30-bus system revealed that the highest level of voltage improvement, minimum level of voltage deviation and maximum active power loss reduction was achieved when the STATCOM was placed at bus 30. The overall assessment of the proposed technique yielded better results compared with other methods on the same test system.
{"title":"Voltage stability improvement and power losses reduction through multiple grid contingency supports","authors":"Tayo Uthman Badrudeen, Funso K. Ariyo, Nnamdi Nwulu","doi":"10.1177/01445987231218292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987231218292","url":null,"abstract":"A stable power system is a desirable state for the optimal performance and delivery of electricity to the end-users. This study evaluates the effectiveness of grid contingency support devices in power system stability enhancement. The new voltage stability pointer (NVSP) was employed to optimally infer the flexible alternating current transmission systems devices through N − 1 contingency ranking. In this research, the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) was considered as a grid support device. The effectiveness of this technique was validated in R2018a MATLAB with the IEEE 30-bus system using different combinable contingency cases to ascertain the critical lines and vulnerable buses to outages. Based on the results obtained through the NVSP, buses 30, 26, and 29 were cited as STATCOM candidate buses for overall optimal grid performance. The results obtained from the simulation revealed that the total real power loss was reduced by 90.21%. Similarly, the voltage magnitude of the buses was significantly improved to a minimum of 1.00 p.u. after placement of STATCOMs. Further investigation on single STATCOM placement in the IEEE 30-bus system revealed that the highest level of voltage improvement, minimum level of voltage deviation and maximum active power loss reduction was achieved when the STATCOM was placed at bus 30. The overall assessment of the proposed technique yielded better results compared with other methods on the same test system.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140055229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-03-05DOI: 10.1177/01445987241230595
Zhou Yadong, Pan Shibin, Ge Hongjian, Wang Shengbo
The Earth's infrared energy storage is substantial, and its large-scale utilization could effectively ameliorate the greenhouse effect on Earth. Several applications of utilizing Earth's infrared radiation for cooling and power generation are summarized based on existing literature. Building upon this foundation, the use of water as an excellent energy storage medium is proposed, and a long-wave energy storage system is designed. This system can harness the immense energy density of long-wave infrared radiation with fixed bandwidth or wavelength. A comprehensive study on large-scale application is outlined in four aspects, leveraging the energy storage and radiation advantages of the system: (a) Long-wave infrared is efficiently transported using hollow glass infrared fibers for room cooling and heating. This addresses the issues of separate terminals for capillary radiation air conditioning, high costs, and maintenance challenges. (b) Building on existing literature, taking Hainan as an example, the utilization of a temperature difference of approximately 15 °C between the lowest and highest temperatures in a day for power generation is suggested. (c) The composition and structure of planar antennas are derived, and parameter selection for rectifying diodes is proposed based on radiation fluctuation theory and antenna theory. This lays a theoretical and practical foundation for converting long-wave radiation waves using rectifying antennas. (d) The long-wave radiation quantum theory is utilized to propose the concept of manufacturing components that can directly convert energy from long-wave radiation. In each of these four aspects of large-scale utilization, the emphasis is on water's excellent insulation, storage, and radiation properties, presenting new perspectives for the widespread utilization of Earth's infrared and offering a quick pathway for humanity to explore new energy sources and mitigate the greenhouse effect on Earth, facilitating a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.
{"title":"Earth's Long-Wave Infrared: Review and Study of Scalable Applications","authors":"Zhou Yadong, Pan Shibin, Ge Hongjian, Wang Shengbo","doi":"10.1177/01445987241230595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241230595","url":null,"abstract":"The Earth's infrared energy storage is substantial, and its large-scale utilization could effectively ameliorate the greenhouse effect on Earth. Several applications of utilizing Earth's infrared radiation for cooling and power generation are summarized based on existing literature. Building upon this foundation, the use of water as an excellent energy storage medium is proposed, and a long-wave energy storage system is designed. This system can harness the immense energy density of long-wave infrared radiation with fixed bandwidth or wavelength. A comprehensive study on large-scale application is outlined in four aspects, leveraging the energy storage and radiation advantages of the system: (a) Long-wave infrared is efficiently transported using hollow glass infrared fibers for room cooling and heating. This addresses the issues of separate terminals for capillary radiation air conditioning, high costs, and maintenance challenges. (b) Building on existing literature, taking Hainan as an example, the utilization of a temperature difference of approximately 15 °C between the lowest and highest temperatures in a day for power generation is suggested. (c) The composition and structure of planar antennas are derived, and parameter selection for rectifying diodes is proposed based on radiation fluctuation theory and antenna theory. This lays a theoretical and practical foundation for converting long-wave radiation waves using rectifying antennas. (d) The long-wave radiation quantum theory is utilized to propose the concept of manufacturing components that can directly convert energy from long-wave radiation. In each of these four aspects of large-scale utilization, the emphasis is on water's excellent insulation, storage, and radiation properties, presenting new perspectives for the widespread utilization of Earth's infrared and offering a quick pathway for humanity to explore new energy sources and mitigate the greenhouse effect on Earth, facilitating a harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140047670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In 2022, Malaysia was ranked 28th worldwide in terms of its energy oil consumption. Energy consumption in Malaysia has been predominantly reliant on natural gas and coal in both the past and present. Oil and gas in Malaysia are predicted to be depleted in 14 years due to the high energy consumption, especially from petroleum sources. Thus, the Malaysian government aims to expand renewable energy (RE) in the country's energy mix as an alternative source of energy. As of 2022, Malaysia has generated roughly 2% of its electricity from various renewable sources, which is still far from the initial target of reaching 20% RE penetration by 2030. However, since 2017, RE has started to contribute to energy mix generation. Several policies, including an act, have been implemented in Malaysia to achieve the target in RE, but many challenges and difficulties have hindered the progress. Thus, the present study explored the current status and challenges for RE in Malaysia and discussed the effectiveness of the available energy policies and programs. The outcomes are potentially valuable to Malaysian policymakers, industries and researchers to improve their current practices for achieving the initial national RE target by 2030 as well as to move forward towards net zero emissions by 2050. This study provides a crucial roadmap for Malaysia to achieve its RE objectives and contribute significantly to the international transition towards a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future.
{"title":"Review of the policies and development programs for renewable energy in Malaysia: Progress, achievements and challenges","authors":"Azreen Junaida Abd Aziz, Nurul Akidah Baharuddin, Rasyikah Md. Khalid, Siti Kartom Kamarudin","doi":"10.1177/01445987241227509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241227509","url":null,"abstract":"In 2022, Malaysia was ranked 28th worldwide in terms of its energy oil consumption. Energy consumption in Malaysia has been predominantly reliant on natural gas and coal in both the past and present. Oil and gas in Malaysia are predicted to be depleted in 14 years due to the high energy consumption, especially from petroleum sources. Thus, the Malaysian government aims to expand renewable energy (RE) in the country's energy mix as an alternative source of energy. As of 2022, Malaysia has generated roughly 2% of its electricity from various renewable sources, which is still far from the initial target of reaching 20% RE penetration by 2030. However, since 2017, RE has started to contribute to energy mix generation. Several policies, including an act, have been implemented in Malaysia to achieve the target in RE, but many challenges and difficulties have hindered the progress. Thus, the present study explored the current status and challenges for RE in Malaysia and discussed the effectiveness of the available energy policies and programs. The outcomes are potentially valuable to Malaysian policymakers, industries and researchers to improve their current practices for achieving the initial national RE target by 2030 as well as to move forward towards net zero emissions by 2050. This study provides a crucial roadmap for Malaysia to achieve its RE objectives and contribute significantly to the international transition towards a more environmentally friendly and sustainable future.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140019314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Karst is widely researched in the field of carbonate reservoirs. This study proposes a new formation mechanism and development model, specifically epigenetic karst, and asserts that high-quality reservoirs can be developed in the karst highlands and karst slopes of ancient landforms under the epigenetic karst with facies-controlled characteristics. The results indicate that there are three stages of karst in the study area. The first period is syngenetic karst, characterized by molds, intragranular dissolution pores, and micritization. Isotopic data reveal that the range of variation of carbonate rock 13C and 18O is similar to that of cement. The second period is epigenetic karst, the most significant karst in the study area. It undergoes a prolonged development time and features non-selective fabric dissolution. Oxygen and carbon isotopes exhibit negative values (18O ranges from −10.033‰ to −13.767‰ and 13C ranges from −2.56‰ to −0.52‰), which are significantly altered by atmospheric precipitation. The third period is buried karst, characterized by suture structure and asphaltene filling. The negative value of 18O in calcite veins is significantly <−15‰. The dissolved pores and caves formed by the epigenetic karst become the primary reservoir space for oil and gas in carbonate rocks. These exhibit facies-control characteristics, indicating that bioclastic limestone karst is well-developed and micritic limestone karst is underdeveloped. The study establishes a development model for karst reservoirs in the study area, selecting the highlands and slopes of ancient landforms as favorable exploration sites.
{"title":"Epigenetic karst in carbonate buried hills and its influence on reservoir development: A case study of the Carboniferous Weixi’nan Sag, Beibuwan Basin, China","authors":"Yonghui Wang, Xianzhi Gao, Youhao Zhang, Yan Song, Hongmei Wang, Futao Qu","doi":"10.1177/01445987241233728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241233728","url":null,"abstract":"Karst is widely researched in the field of carbonate reservoirs. This study proposes a new formation mechanism and development model, specifically epigenetic karst, and asserts that high-quality reservoirs can be developed in the karst highlands and karst slopes of ancient landforms under the epigenetic karst with facies-controlled characteristics. The results indicate that there are three stages of karst in the study area. The first period is syngenetic karst, characterized by molds, intragranular dissolution pores, and micritization. Isotopic data reveal that the range of variation of carbonate rock 13C and 18O is similar to that of cement. The second period is epigenetic karst, the most significant karst in the study area. It undergoes a prolonged development time and features non-selective fabric dissolution. Oxygen and carbon isotopes exhibit negative values (18O ranges from −10.033‰ to −13.767‰ and 13C ranges from −2.56‰ to −0.52‰), which are significantly altered by atmospheric precipitation. The third period is buried karst, characterized by suture structure and asphaltene filling. The negative value of 18O in calcite veins is significantly <−15‰. The dissolved pores and caves formed by the epigenetic karst become the primary reservoir space for oil and gas in carbonate rocks. These exhibit facies-control characteristics, indicating that bioclastic limestone karst is well-developed and micritic limestone karst is underdeveloped. The study establishes a development model for karst reservoirs in the study area, selecting the highlands and slopes of ancient landforms as favorable exploration sites.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140003820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-26DOI: 10.1177/01445987241231328
Jun Gao, Zongxing Li, Meihua Wei, Changsheng Zhang
It is crucial to understand the conditions and influencing mechanisms of shale gas slip effect for predicting the productivity of shale gas reservoirs. This study focuses on the Carboniferous Hurleg Formation shales in the eastern Qaidam Basin and conducts gas permeability tests using different gases (He/N2), as well as geochemical and pore-structure tests. The slip behavior of different gases in micro- and nanopores as well as the anisotropy of gas permeability were analyzed and discussed. The results show that helium permeability is 1.81–3.56 times higher than nitrogen permeability, with a greater difference at lower pore pressures. These permeability differences are attributed to variations in gas molecule size and slip effects. Specifically, the slip effect of helium gas has a greater contribution to permeability at lower pore pressures, with a helium slip factor averaging 2.79 times that of nitrogen. The effective pore size of shale, calculated based on the helium slip factor, is 0.74 to 1.51 times larger than when nitrogen is used, with an average of 1.67 times. Helium molecules have smaller diameters and longer average molecular free paths, resulting in a more pronounced slip effect compared to nitrogen. While helium does not adsorb, nitrogen exhibits some adsorption, causing radial expansion during gas penetration. Furthermore, when testing with different gases, the horizontal permeability (S043∥; S052∥) is higher than the vertical permeability (S043⊥; S052⊥). The anisotropy of permeability is controlled by the pore system formed by the arrangement and combination of minerals. Calcium-rich samples (S052) tend to exhibit higher anisotropy compared to calcite-rich samples (S043). The effective pore size in the vertical sample is larger than that in the parallel sample, and the gas slip effect is significantly greater in the vertical sample. These findings provide valuable data for future studies on shale gas slip effects and productivity prediction.
{"title":"Experimental study on the Klinkenberg effect for gas permeability in carboniferous shales, Eastern Qaidam Basin, China","authors":"Jun Gao, Zongxing Li, Meihua Wei, Changsheng Zhang","doi":"10.1177/01445987241231328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/01445987241231328","url":null,"abstract":"It is crucial to understand the conditions and influencing mechanisms of shale gas slip effect for predicting the productivity of shale gas reservoirs. This study focuses on the Carboniferous Hurleg Formation shales in the eastern Qaidam Basin and conducts gas permeability tests using different gases (He/N<jats:sub>2</jats:sub>), as well as geochemical and pore-structure tests. The slip behavior of different gases in micro- and nanopores as well as the anisotropy of gas permeability were analyzed and discussed. The results show that helium permeability is 1.81–3.56 times higher than nitrogen permeability, with a greater difference at lower pore pressures. These permeability differences are attributed to variations in gas molecule size and slip effects. Specifically, the slip effect of helium gas has a greater contribution to permeability at lower pore pressures, with a helium slip factor averaging 2.79 times that of nitrogen. The effective pore size of shale, calculated based on the helium slip factor, is 0.74 to 1.51 times larger than when nitrogen is used, with an average of 1.67 times. Helium molecules have smaller diameters and longer average molecular free paths, resulting in a more pronounced slip effect compared to nitrogen. While helium does not adsorb, nitrogen exhibits some adsorption, causing radial expansion during gas penetration. Furthermore, when testing with different gases, the horizontal permeability (S043∥; S052∥) is higher than the vertical permeability (S043⊥; S052⊥). The anisotropy of permeability is controlled by the pore system formed by the arrangement and combination of minerals. Calcium-rich samples (S052) tend to exhibit higher anisotropy compared to calcite-rich samples (S043). The effective pore size in the vertical sample is larger than that in the parallel sample, and the gas slip effect is significantly greater in the vertical sample. These findings provide valuable data for future studies on shale gas slip effects and productivity prediction.","PeriodicalId":11606,"journal":{"name":"Energy Exploration & Exploitation","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139981669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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