Pub Date : 2021-09-09DOI: 10.21608/ejz.2021.84202.1062
Eman H. Kandil, Y. Okdah, Ayat Moselhy
{"title":"EFFECT OF THYME OIL ON DOXORUBICIN-INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN FEMALE ALBINO RATS: HISTOLOGICAL, ULTRASTRUCTURAL, AND BIOCHEMICAL STUDIES","authors":"Eman H. Kandil, Y. Okdah, Ayat Moselhy","doi":"10.21608/ejz.2021.84202.1062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejz.2021.84202.1062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89668806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.21608/ejz.2021.88079.1063
M. Allam, F. Aly, Z. Marie
Lead acetate – which results in significant damage to the genetic structure of living organisms – is found in many sources that humans use daily. Histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) genes in the vertebrate play a critical role in immune responses, and are highly polymorphic. Virgin olive oil (VOO) and curcumin are natural compounds having several healthy features including antigenotoxic activities. The present study aimed for determining the effects of VOO and curcumin (versus ZnCl 2 , as an antioxidant agent) on Mhc genetic variation of renal tissues of lead acetate-treated mice by using the microsatellite loci. Thirty male albino Swiss mice ( Mus musculus ) were randomly allotted into 5 groups (n = 6): group “1”, the control group; groups “2–5” that received orally lead acetate (400 gavage for 15 consecutive days) + either distilled water (orally), or ZnCl 2 (4 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally injected), or curcumin (500 mg/kg body weight, orally), or VOO (8 mL/kg body weight, orally) for additional 15 consecutive days, respectively. Comparing to the control group, the 2 nd and the 4 th groups showed high polymorphism value (17%) and (21%), respectively; while the 3 rd and 5 th groups showed low polymorphism value (12%) and (15%), respectively, in Mhc genes. The obtained data illustrated the usefulness of virgin olive oil, as compared with the curcumin, in limiting Mhc genetic variation induced by lead acetate in mice.
{"title":"IMPACT OF CURCUMIN AND VIRGIN OLIVE OIL AGAINST LEAD ACETATE-INDUCED GENETIC VARIATION IN THE MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX REGION IN MICE","authors":"M. Allam, F. Aly, Z. Marie","doi":"10.21608/ejz.2021.88079.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejz.2021.88079.1063","url":null,"abstract":"Lead acetate – which results in significant damage to the genetic structure of living organisms – is found in many sources that humans use daily. Histocompatibility complex ( MHC ) genes in the vertebrate play a critical role in immune responses, and are highly polymorphic. Virgin olive oil (VOO) and curcumin are natural compounds having several healthy features including antigenotoxic activities. The present study aimed for determining the effects of VOO and curcumin (versus ZnCl 2 , as an antioxidant agent) on Mhc genetic variation of renal tissues of lead acetate-treated mice by using the microsatellite loci. Thirty male albino Swiss mice ( Mus musculus ) were randomly allotted into 5 groups (n = 6): group “1”, the control group; groups “2–5” that received orally lead acetate (400 gavage for 15 consecutive days) + either distilled water (orally), or ZnCl 2 (4 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally injected), or curcumin (500 mg/kg body weight, orally), or VOO (8 mL/kg body weight, orally) for additional 15 consecutive days, respectively. Comparing to the control group, the 2 nd and the 4 th groups showed high polymorphism value (17%) and (21%), respectively; while the 3 rd and 5 th groups showed low polymorphism value (12%) and (15%), respectively, in Mhc genes. The obtained data illustrated the usefulness of virgin olive oil, as compared with the curcumin, in limiting Mhc genetic variation induced by lead acetate in mice.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89011655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-06DOI: 10.21608/ejz.2021.82773.1059
G. M. El-Hassan, Sohair M. Gad Allaha, Imam I. Ahmed, Amina A. Rashad, M. Shehata
Nuweiba city, South Sinai, Egypt is one of the poorly-studied areas in terms of the presence of medically-important dipteran species. Therefore, in the current study a survey of flies (order: Diptera) of medical importance in Nuweiba city was carried out during winter and summer of 2019. Six traps baited with two sources of attractants – decayed fish pieces and a ready-made botanical extract – were used to collect the flies in four selected localities. A total of 374 individuals belonging to 11 species within 9 genera under 6 families (Culicidae, Ephydridae, Ulidiidae, Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Sarcophagidae) were captured, and the identification key was provided. The highest numbers of adult flies were found in summer in “Habiba organic farm” using traps baited with decayed fish pieces (n=159). Two species ( Musca domestica L. and Culex
{"title":"IDENTIFICATION OF MEDICALLY-IMPORTANT DIPTERAN SPECIES IN NUWEIBA CITY, SOUTH SINAI, EGYPT, AND THEIR RELATIVE ABUNDANCE","authors":"G. M. El-Hassan, Sohair M. Gad Allaha, Imam I. Ahmed, Amina A. Rashad, M. Shehata","doi":"10.21608/ejz.2021.82773.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/ejz.2021.82773.1059","url":null,"abstract":"Nuweiba city, South Sinai, Egypt is one of the poorly-studied areas in terms of the presence of medically-important dipteran species. Therefore, in the current study a survey of flies (order: Diptera) of medical importance in Nuweiba city was carried out during winter and summer of 2019. Six traps baited with two sources of attractants – decayed fish pieces and a ready-made botanical extract – were used to collect the flies in four selected localities. A total of 374 individuals belonging to 11 species within 9 genera under 6 families (Culicidae, Ephydridae, Ulidiidae, Calliphoridae, Muscidae, and Sarcophagidae) were captured, and the identification key was provided. The highest numbers of adult flies were found in summer in “Habiba organic farm” using traps baited with decayed fish pieces (n=159). Two species ( Musca domestica L. and Culex","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90889586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PHYLOGEOGRAPHIC AND GENETIC DIVERSITY OF PORCELLIONIDES PRUINOSUS AND PORCELLIO LAEVIS BY USING THE MITOCHONDRIAL CYTOCHROME C OXIDASE SUBUNIT 1 SEQUENCE","authors":"M. Allam, Heba M. Fangary, Z. Marie","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.73095.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.73095.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Article History: Received: 17 May 2021 Revised: 16 June 2021 Accepted: 27 June 2021 Published Online: 11 July 2021","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82235094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A GEOMETRIC-MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF THE HETEROCHELY IN THE RED SEA HERMIT CRAB “CLIBANARIUS SIGNATUS”, AND ITS DEVELOPMENTAL STABILITY AND MODULARITY","authors":"Tarek G. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.77508.1056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.77508.1056","url":null,"abstract":"Article History: Received: 25 May 2021 Accepted: 10 July 2021 Published Online: 11 July 2021","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"33 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80853630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-04-07DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2021.66257.1050
S. Nassar, E. Ismail
Article History: Received: 5 March 2021 Revised: 31 March 2021 Accepted: 31 March 2021
文章历史:收稿日期:2021年3月5日修改日期:2021年3月31日接收日期:2021年3月31日
{"title":"EMISSION OF POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS IN INDOOR AIR DURING BURNING OF MOSQUITO COILS AND THEIR IMPACTS ON THE LIVERS OF THE EXPOSED ALBINO RATS","authors":"S. Nassar, E. Ismail","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.66257.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.66257.1050","url":null,"abstract":"Article History: Received: 5 March 2021 Revised: 31 March 2021 Accepted: 31 March 2021","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"89 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77785321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-29DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2021.50281.1045
A. Amer, Eman E. Essa, M. Rady, Adel Al-Sayed, D. Mahmoud
Recently several insects have been identified as potential carriers of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which have potent activity against pathogens. Wasp venom AMPs serve as defense agents against invading microorganisms.AMPs derived from wasp venom have high attention as therapeutic agents against infectious agents with novel mechanisms of action. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of the oriental hornet “Vespa orientalis L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)” venom was determined against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria; and the minimum concentration of the venom that inhibits the bacterial growth was determined. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique was used for fractionation of the V. orientalis venom peptides. The effect of V. orientalis AMPs on bacterial cell membrane and cytoplasm was also investigated; destruction of bacterial cell wall inhibited steps of the synthesis of important molecules and caused cell death. The results proved the highly effective antibacterial properties of the V. orientalis venom. Therefore, peptides of the V. orientalis venom could be potential alternative agents to the currently-used antibiotics.
近年来，一些昆虫被认为是抗菌肽的潜在载体，抗菌肽具有很强的抗病原体活性。黄蜂毒液amp作为防御入侵微生物的防御剂。从黄蜂毒液中提取的抗菌肽具有新的作用机制，作为抗感染性病原体的治疗药物受到高度关注。本研究测定了东方大黄蜂(Vespa orientalis L.，膜翅目:大黄蜂科)毒液对3种革兰氏阳性和3种革兰氏阴性细菌的抑菌活性;并确定了抑制细菌生长的毒液的最低浓度。采用十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)技术对东方蛇毒肽进行分离。研究了紫花苜蓿AMPs对细菌细胞膜和细胞质的影响;细菌细胞壁的破坏抑制了重要分子的合成步骤并导致细胞死亡。实验结果证明了东方蛇毒的高效抑菌作用。因此，东方蛇毒的多肽可能是目前使用的抗生素的潜在替代药物。
{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND MECHANISM OF ACTION OF THE WASP VESPA ORIENTALIS VENOM PEPTIDES","authors":"A. Amer, Eman E. Essa, M. Rady, Adel Al-Sayed, D. Mahmoud","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.50281.1045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.50281.1045","url":null,"abstract":"Recently several insects have been identified as potential carriers of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which have potent activity against pathogens. Wasp venom AMPs serve as defense agents against invading microorganisms.AMPs derived from wasp venom have high attention as therapeutic agents against infectious agents with novel mechanisms of action. In the present study, the antibacterial activity of the oriental hornet “Vespa orientalis L. (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)” venom was determined against three Gram-positive and three Gram-negative bacteria; and the minimum concentration of the venom that inhibits the bacterial growth was determined. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) technique was used for fractionation of the V. orientalis venom peptides. The effect of V. orientalis AMPs on bacterial cell membrane and cytoplasm was also investigated; destruction of bacterial cell wall inhibited steps of the synthesis of important molecules and caused cell death. The results proved the highly effective antibacterial properties of the V. orientalis venom. Therefore, peptides of the V. orientalis venom could be potential alternative agents to the currently-used antibiotics.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89112010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-28DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2021.55441.1048
S. Fathy, Heba A. El‐dash, N. Salim
Pulmonary fibrosis is considered the most distinctive feature of paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Inflammation and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The current study was designed to assess the efficacy of pomegranate juice (PJ) and pomegranate seed extract (PSE) supplementation against PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model. Male mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8). Group 1 (control group) received 0.9% saline only; group 2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (30 mg/kg); and groups 3 and 4 were daily treated with PJ (5 mL, 1:40 dilution) or PSE (500 mg/kg body weight, suspended in distilled water), respectively, by gavage one week before the PQ injection, then continued for 3 weeks. PQ increased significantly the levels of hydroxproline, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the lung tissue compared with the control group. Furthermore, the levels of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-17), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) elevated significantly in the lung tissue due to PQ injection. Administration of PJ or PSE alleviated markedly the biochemical lung alterations caused by PQ injection. Additionally, PJ and PSE supplementation decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-17, TGF-β1, and CCL2, as well as reduced significantly the phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2, in PQ-treated mice. In conclusion, administration of PJ and PSE attenuated effectively PQ-induced lung injury in mice by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.
{"title":"EFFECTS OF JUICE AND SEED EXTRACT OF POMEGRANATE ON OXIDATIVE STRESS, INFLAMMATION, AND PHOSPHORYLATION OF ERK1/2 IN PARAQUAT-INDUCED ACUTE LUNG INJURY IN MICE","authors":"S. Fathy, Heba A. El‐dash, N. Salim","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.55441.1048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.55441.1048","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary fibrosis is considered the most distinctive feature of paraquat (PQ) poisoning. Inflammation and oxidative stress play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis. The current study was designed to assess the efficacy of pomegranate juice (PJ) and pomegranate seed extract (PSE) supplementation against PQ-induced pulmonary fibrosis in a mouse model. Male mice (Mus musculus) were randomly divided into four experimental groups (n=8). Group 1 (control group) received 0.9% saline only; group 2 received a single intraperitoneal injection of PQ (30 mg/kg); and groups 3 and 4 were daily treated with PJ (5 mL, 1:40 dilution) or PSE (500 mg/kg body weight, suspended in distilled water), respectively, by gavage one week before the PQ injection, then continued for 3 weeks. PQ increased significantly the levels of hydroxproline, reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase 4 (NOX4), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in the lung tissue compared with the control group. Furthermore, the levels of interleukins (IL-6 and IL-17), transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, and CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) elevated significantly in the lung tissue due to PQ injection. Administration of PJ or PSE alleviated markedly the biochemical lung alterations caused by PQ injection. Additionally, PJ and PSE supplementation decreased the levels of IL-6, IL-17, TGF-β1, and CCL2, as well as reduced significantly the phosphorylated (p)-ERK1/2, in PQ-treated mice. In conclusion, administration of PJ and PSE attenuated effectively PQ-induced lung injury in mice by modulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"133 1","pages":"48-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79662937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-11DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2021.54858.1047
M. Baz, M. Hegazy
Cockroaches cause a public health-problem associated with human wastes and disease pathogens. In the present study, the distribution of cockroach populations was evaluated in different places at Benha University Hospitals in the years 2014 and 2019 by using sticky paper traps. The German cockroach “Blattella germanica” was the most prevalence species captured (84.4%), followed by the American cockroach “Periplaneta americana (14.6%)”, and the brown cockroach “Periplaneta brunnea (0.99%)”. The German and American cockroaches were found in all areas of the hospitals, while the brown cockroaches were only caught in the kitchen, outpatient clinics, and medical supply storages of the hospitals. The population density of cockroaches in the hospitals recorded a higher number of cockroaches/10 m2 (94.7±11.1) and the infestation rate (30.9%) in kitchens compared to other places in 2014; while the highest number of cockroaches/10 m2 (21.6±0.2) and the infestation rate (43.0%) were recorded in outpatient clinics compared to other places in 2019. The results also showed a very significant correlation between the cockroach population density and the temperature (R = 0.897, P = 0.006); but it was inversely correlated with relative humidity (R = -0.433, P = 0.332) in 2014; while in 2019 a non-significant positive correlation was observed between population density and both the temperature and the relative humidity. It was clear that the cockroach population density was reduced in 2019 compared to 2014 (F = 54.17, P < 0.01), possibly due to application of various mechanisms to control cockroaches besides raising hygiene level in the hospitals.
蟑螂引起与人类排泄物和疾病病原体有关的公共卫生问题。本研究采用粘捕法对2014年和2019年本哈大学附属医院不同地点蜚蠊种群分布进行了调查。捕获的主要种类为德国小蠊(84.4%)，其次为美洲大蠊(14.6%)和褐蜚蠊(0.99%)。德国蟑螂和美国蟑螂在医院的所有区域都被发现，而棕色蟑螂只在医院的厨房、门诊诊所和医疗用品仓库被发现。2014年医院厨房蜚蠊密度(94.7±11.1只/10 m2)和侵害率(30.9%)高于其他场所;2019年门诊蜚蠊数(21.6±0.2只)/10 m2最高，侵害率(43.0%)高于其他场所。蜚蠊种群密度与气温呈极显著相关(R = 0.897, P = 0.006);2014年与相对湿度呈负相关(R = -0.433, P = 0.332);而在2019年，人口密度与温度和相对湿度均呈不显著正相关。结果表明，2019年蜚蠊种群密度较2014年有所下降(F = 54.17, P < 0.01)，这可能是由于医院在提高卫生水平的同时，采取了多种措施控制蜚蠊。
{"title":"REDUCTION OF COCKROACH DENSITY AND SPREADING IN BENHA UNIVERSITY HOSPITALS (EGYPT) IN THE YEAR 2019 COMPARED WITH THE YEAR 2014","authors":"M. Baz, M. Hegazy","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2021.54858.1047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2021.54858.1047","url":null,"abstract":"Cockroaches cause a public health-problem associated with human wastes and disease pathogens. In the present study, the distribution of cockroach populations was evaluated in different places at Benha University Hospitals in the years 2014 and 2019 by using sticky paper traps. The German cockroach “Blattella germanica” was the most prevalence species captured (84.4%), followed by the American cockroach “Periplaneta americana (14.6%)”, and the brown cockroach “Periplaneta brunnea (0.99%)”. The German and American cockroaches were found in all areas of the hospitals, while the brown cockroaches were only caught in the kitchen, outpatient clinics, and medical supply storages of the hospitals. The population density of cockroaches in the hospitals recorded a higher number of cockroaches/10 m2 (94.7±11.1) and the infestation rate (30.9%) in kitchens compared to other places in 2014; while the highest number of cockroaches/10 m2 (21.6±0.2) and the infestation rate (43.0%) were recorded in outpatient clinics compared to other places in 2019. The results also showed a very significant correlation between the cockroach population density and the temperature (R = 0.897, P = 0.006); but it was inversely correlated with relative humidity (R = -0.433, P = 0.332) in 2014; while in 2019 a non-significant positive correlation was observed between population density and both the temperature and the relative humidity. It was clear that the cockroach population density was reduced in 2019 compared to 2014 (F = 54.17, P < 0.01), possibly due to application of various mechanisms to control cockroaches besides raising hygiene level in the hospitals.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78703392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-03DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.49316.1044
H. Hassan, H. Mohammed, Noha M Meligi
Insect control has been accomplished by insecticides many years ago. Such insecticides can be useful in dealing with insects in our environment; but when they are used wrongly, they have hazards to the environment too. The current study continues to evaluate the potential alleviative effects of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) on coragen-induced alterations in hematological and hormonal parameters, as well as renal and testicular structure, in male albino rats. Thirty adult male albino rats (Sprague-Dawely) were randomly separated into 3 groups (n=10). The first group received orally 1.0 mL distilled water only; the second group was treated orally with a sublethal dose of coragen suspension (2 g/kg body weight in 1.0 mL distilled water); and the third one was treated orally with coragen suspension (2 g/kg body weight in 1.0 mL distilled water) and marjoram suspension (5 g/kg body weight in 1.0 mL distilled water) together, three times a week for 30 days. The results revealed that marjoram alleviated significantly (P<0.05) coragen-induced microcytic anemia, leukocytosis, thrombocythemia, hyperuricemia, kidney dysfunction, alterations in plasma hormones (sex and thyroid hormones, as well as aldosterone levels), and histological changes in kidneys and testes of male rats. In conclusion, marjoram showed a notable effect against the toxicity of coragen in male rats.
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