Pub Date : 2020-12-29DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.49156.1043
S. Riad, M. El-Mongy, A. Abdullah, El-Sayed I. Abdel-Halim
Egypt is an important pass for the soaring birds’ migration, as it is situated on the mainland connection between the Eurasian and African landmasses that connects breeding grounds in Eurasia with wintering zones in Africa. In the current study, the spring migration of soaring birds was studied along a narrow corridor “bottleneck site” located within the Red Sea/Rift Valley bird migration flyway, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Over a period of four weeks from April 19th to 17th of May 2019, 89949 soaring birds of 27 species were counted during an eight-hour daily observation window. In total, 47511 raptors of 24 species were recorded. The most common were the group of Levant sparrowhawk “Accipter brevipes”, European honey buzzard “Pernis apivorus”, and Northern steppe buzzard “Buteo buteo vulpinus” forming 33.16%, 32.08%, and 24.91% of all raptors, respectively; while combined black kite “Milvus migrans”, lesser spotted eagle “Aquila pomarine”, steppe eagle “Aquila nipalensis”, short-toed eagle “Circaetus gallicus”, booted eagle “Aquila pennata”, and Egyptian vulture “Neophron percnopterus” recorded more than 6% of the raptor assemblage. In addition, 15 greater spotted eagle “Aquila clanga”, 6 pallid harrier “Circus macrourus”, and 5 Eurasian griffon vulture “Gyps fulvus” were recorded during the observations. Other soaring birds were recorded during the study-time, the most common were: 36700 white stork “Ciconia Ciconia”, 4230 great white pelican “Pelecanus onocrotalus”, and 1500 black stork “Ciconia nigra”.
{"title":"RECORDING OF THE SPRING MIGRATION OF SOARING BIRDS THROUGH GEBEL EL ZEIT, EASTERN DESERT, EGYPT","authors":"S. Riad, M. El-Mongy, A. Abdullah, El-Sayed I. Abdel-Halim","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.49156.1043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.49156.1043","url":null,"abstract":"Egypt is an important pass for the soaring birds’ migration, as it is situated on the mainland connection between the Eurasian and African landmasses that connects breeding grounds in Eurasia with wintering zones in Africa. In the current study, the spring migration of soaring birds was studied along a narrow corridor “bottleneck site” located within the Red Sea/Rift Valley bird migration flyway, Gulf of Suez, Egypt. Over a period of four weeks from April 19th to 17th of May 2019, 89949 soaring birds of 27 species were counted during an eight-hour daily observation window. In total, 47511 raptors of 24 species were recorded. The most common were the group of Levant sparrowhawk “Accipter brevipes”, European honey buzzard “Pernis apivorus”, and Northern steppe buzzard “Buteo buteo vulpinus” forming 33.16%, 32.08%, and 24.91% of all raptors, respectively; while combined black kite “Milvus migrans”, lesser spotted eagle “Aquila pomarine”, steppe eagle “Aquila nipalensis”, short-toed eagle “Circaetus gallicus”, booted eagle “Aquila pennata”, and Egyptian vulture “Neophron percnopterus” recorded more than 6% of the raptor assemblage. In addition, 15 greater spotted eagle “Aquila clanga”, 6 pallid harrier “Circus macrourus”, and 5 Eurasian griffon vulture “Gyps fulvus” were recorded during the observations. Other soaring birds were recorded during the study-time, the most common were: 36700 white stork “Ciconia Ciconia”, 4230 great white pelican “Pelecanus onocrotalus”, and 1500 black stork “Ciconia nigra”.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79220277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.29177.1030
A. İlhan, D. İlhan, Ramoni Olajide Hammed
European eels are found in all European rivers draining to seas. Comparisons of some morphometric characteristics and length-weight relationship parameters of European eel “Anguilla anguilla” collected from inland waters of Turkey were performed in this work. The 108 fish samples used in the current work were taken from the museum of Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University; they were captured from different running water bodies. Morphometric features like total length, weight, head length, head height, maximum body height, eye diameter, inter-orbital distance, snout length, dorsal fin length, anal fin length, pectoral fin length, predorsal distance, and preanal distance of the fish were measured. In addition, head length/maximum body height, head length/snout length, head length/head height, head length/total length, eye diameter/head length, eye diameter/inter-orbital distance, eye diameter/snout length and predorsal distance/preanal distance ratios were calculated. The analysed specimens ranged in total length from 12.70 to 64.10 cm, and in weight between 3.21 and 416.14 g. The length-weight relationship parameters were estimated as a=0.011, b=3.154; while r2 was calculated as 0.956.
{"title":"COMPARISONS OF MORPHOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS AND LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIP OF EUROPEAN EEL (ANGUILLA ANGUILLA L., 1758) IN TURKISH INLAND WATERS","authors":"A. İlhan, D. İlhan, Ramoni Olajide Hammed","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.29177.1030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.29177.1030","url":null,"abstract":"European eels are found in all European rivers draining to seas. Comparisons of some morphometric characteristics and length-weight relationship parameters of European eel “Anguilla anguilla” collected from inland waters of Turkey were performed in this work. The 108 fish samples used in the current work were taken from the museum of Faculty of Fisheries, Ege University; they were captured from different running water bodies. Morphometric features like total length, weight, head length, head height, maximum body height, eye diameter, inter-orbital distance, snout length, dorsal fin length, anal fin length, pectoral fin length, predorsal distance, and preanal distance of the fish were measured. In addition, head length/maximum body height, head length/snout length, head length/head height, head length/total length, eye diameter/head length, eye diameter/inter-orbital distance, eye diameter/snout length and predorsal distance/preanal distance ratios were calculated. The analysed specimens ranged in total length from 12.70 to 64.10 cm, and in weight between 3.21 and 416.14 g. The length-weight relationship parameters were estimated as a=0.011, b=3.154; while r2 was calculated as 0.956.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"81 1","pages":"13-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88591553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.47282.1042
Alaa Abdelbaset-Donya, W. Hamza, K. Mohammed-Geba, A. Galal-Khallaf
The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been identified as an active international seafood market. To identify some of the key fish species in the UAE markets, 9 species of fresh fishes were randomly collected from Souq Al Jubail in Sharjah City, one of the biggest fish markets in UAE. The samples were subjected to DNA barcoding using partial sequencing of the hypervariable 5´ region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (coi) gene. Furthermore, the results were phylogenetically analyzed to provide further accurate species identification. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses resolved the naming discrepancies found in 30% of the fishes. Genetic diversity within each species exhibited a general trend for high haplotypes´ diversities. Most haplotypes were shared with the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Gulf, and few with the Red Sea. The results strongly recommend continuous application of molecular-based species inspection in the UAE seafood markets for assuring authenticity, traceability, and proper conservation of the native species.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF DNA BARCODING FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SOME KEY FISH-MARKET SPECIES IN SHARJAH CITY, UAE","authors":"Alaa Abdelbaset-Donya, W. Hamza, K. Mohammed-Geba, A. Galal-Khallaf","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.47282.1042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.47282.1042","url":null,"abstract":"The United Arab Emirates (UAE) has been identified as an active international seafood market. To identify some of the key fish species in the UAE markets, 9 species of fresh fishes were randomly collected from Souq Al Jubail in Sharjah City, one of the biggest fish markets in UAE. The samples were subjected to DNA barcoding using partial sequencing of the hypervariable 5´ region of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (coi) gene. Furthermore, the results were phylogenetically analyzed to provide further accurate species identification. Genetic and phylogenetic analyses resolved the naming discrepancies found in 30% of the fishes. Genetic diversity within each species exhibited a general trend for high haplotypes´ diversities. Most haplotypes were shared with the Sea of Oman and the Arabian Gulf, and few with the Red Sea. The results strongly recommend continuous application of molecular-based species inspection in the UAE seafood markets for assuring authenticity, traceability, and proper conservation of the native species.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"18 1","pages":"56-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85449641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.33134.1035
Ghada Mohammed-ElSherif, A. Galal-Khallaf, A. Osman, S. El-Nabi, K. Mohammed-Geba
Family Lethrinidae (Sho´our fishes, Shaari fishes) is one of the key families in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean fisheries. Some of its species were recorded in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of species as endangered. In order to develop simple genetic marker that aid their rapid identification, fin clips of four lethrinid species were collected from local fish markets in Hurghada city. These species were Lethrinus lentjan, L. harak, L. microdon, and L. mahsena. DNA was extracted from these samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the nuclear 5S rRNA genes. The 12S rRNA PCR amplicons were sequenced. GenBank comparison and phylogenetic analysis for the 12S rRNA gene sequences resulted in clear identification for the sampled species. Meanwhile, a simple, 2% agarose gel electrophoresis for the 5S rDNA ran in a low voltage for 2 hours resulted in variable intraspecific patterns. These patterns appeared as 3 PCR bands of approximately 500 base pair (bp) in length for L. lentjan; 2 PCR bands at 500 and 400 bp for L. harak; single PCR band at 500 bp for L. microdon; and 3 bands at about 750, 500, and 400 bp for L. mahsena. Band separation was clear enough. 5S rDNA exhibited an accurate, interspecific, and easy-to-use genetic marker for identification of different lethrinid species covered by the current study.
{"title":"EVALUATING THE USE OF THE MULTILOCUS GENETIC MARKER “5S RDNA” FOR THE DISCRIMINATION OF DIFFERENT SPECIES OF FAMILY LETHRINIDAE IN RED SEA, EGYPT","authors":"Ghada Mohammed-ElSherif, A. Galal-Khallaf, A. Osman, S. El-Nabi, K. Mohammed-Geba","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.33134.1035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.33134.1035","url":null,"abstract":"Family Lethrinidae (Sho´our fishes, Shaari fishes) is one of the key families in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean fisheries. Some of its species were recorded in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of species as endangered. In order to develop simple genetic marker that aid their rapid identification, fin clips of four lethrinid species were collected from local fish markets in Hurghada city. These species were Lethrinus lentjan, L. harak, L. microdon, and L. mahsena. DNA was extracted from these samples and subjected to polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification for the mitochondrial 12S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and the nuclear 5S rRNA genes. The 12S rRNA PCR amplicons were sequenced. GenBank comparison and phylogenetic analysis for the 12S rRNA gene sequences resulted in clear identification for the sampled species. Meanwhile, a simple, 2% agarose gel electrophoresis for the 5S rDNA ran in a low voltage for 2 hours resulted in variable intraspecific patterns. These patterns appeared as 3 PCR bands of approximately 500 base pair (bp) in length for L. lentjan; 2 PCR bands at 500 and 400 bp for L. harak; single PCR band at 500 bp for L. microdon; and 3 bands at about 750, 500, and 400 bp for L. mahsena. Band separation was clear enough. 5S rDNA exhibited an accurate, interspecific, and easy-to-use genetic marker for identification of different lethrinid species covered by the current study.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78565792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.42218.1040
H. El-Borm, G. Badawy, S. El-Nabi, W. El-sherif, Marwa N. Atallah
Recently, the use of synthetic food coloring agents were widely spread; and its potential toxic effects on human health were consequently increased. The present work aimed to assess the toxicity on DNA and cytotoxicity induced by in ovo administration of synthetic food coloring agents “sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine” with/without curcumin during the organogenesis phase of chick embryo at doses 1.575 mg/egg, 0.375 mg/egg, and 3.0 mg/kg eggs, respectively. The results showed that sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine increased in the level of DNA damage and the percentage of apoptosis. Also, there were a pronounced S phase arrest and a decrease in the number of cells in the G2/M of the cell cycle in the liver and kidneys of the chick embryo treated with sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine. On the other hand, co-administration of curcumin with the synthetic food coloring agents positively alleviated the changes in DNA and cell cycle distribution, as well as decreased the apoptosis.
{"title":"TOXICITY OF SUNSET YELLOW FCF AND TARTRAZINE DYES ON DNA AND CELL CYCLE OF LIVER AND KIDNEYS OF THE CHICK EMBRYO: THE ALLEVIATIVE EFFECTS OF CURCUMIN","authors":"H. El-Borm, G. Badawy, S. El-Nabi, W. El-sherif, Marwa N. Atallah","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.42218.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.42218.1040","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the use of synthetic food coloring agents were widely spread; and its potential toxic effects on human health were consequently increased. The present work aimed to assess the toxicity on DNA and cytotoxicity induced by in ovo administration of synthetic food coloring agents “sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine” with/without curcumin during the organogenesis phase of chick embryo at doses 1.575 mg/egg, 0.375 mg/egg, and 3.0 mg/kg eggs, respectively. The results showed that sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine increased in the level of DNA damage and the percentage of apoptosis. Also, there were a pronounced S phase arrest and a decrease in the number of cells in the G2/M of the cell cycle in the liver and kidneys of the chick embryo treated with sunset yellow FCF and tartrazine. On the other hand, co-administration of curcumin with the synthetic food coloring agents positively alleviated the changes in DNA and cell cycle distribution, as well as decreased the apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"46 1","pages":"43-55"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73973915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.26009.1024
H. H. A. Azeem, G. Osman, S. El-Sabbagh, Sherin K. Sheir
Terrestrial invertebrates are subjected to a wide range of microbial infections throughout their life. Therefore, they have powerful antimicrobial agents. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of different extracts of terrestrial gastropods against two pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS), acetone, and methanol were used to extract viscera, haemolymph, and mucus from the snails, Helix aspersa and Eobania vermiculata, and the slug, Deroceras reticulatum. All extracts from haemolymph and mucus of the three snails did not inhibit the growth of the selected pathogenic bacteria. However, the methanolic extract of E. vermiculata viscera inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 50% concentration; and the inhibition zone reached 12.3 ± 0.6 mm. In addition, the methanolic extract of H. aspersa viscera inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 100 and 50% concentrations up to 19.3 ± 0.6 and 18.0 ± 0.1 mm, respectively, and induced a moderate decrease in the growth of E. coli at 100% concentration. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assured damaging impacts of the methanolic and PBS viscera extracts of the two snails “H. aspersa and E. vermiculata” on both E. coli and S. aureus. In conclusion, the antibacterial properties of the methanolic viscera extracts of the terrestrial gastropods may encourage the discovery of new and safe antibiotics from animal origin.
{"title":"ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY OF SOME TERRESTRIAL GASTROPODS FROM EGYPT AGAINST STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND ESCHERICHIA COLI","authors":"H. H. A. Azeem, G. Osman, S. El-Sabbagh, Sherin K. Sheir","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.26009.1024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.26009.1024","url":null,"abstract":"Terrestrial invertebrates are subjected to a wide range of microbial infections throughout their life. Therefore, they have powerful antimicrobial agents. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial efficiency of different extracts of terrestrial gastropods against two pathogenic bacteria: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Phosphate buffer saline (PBS), acetone, and methanol were used to extract viscera, haemolymph, and mucus from the snails, Helix aspersa and Eobania vermiculata, and the slug, Deroceras reticulatum. All extracts from haemolymph and mucus of the three snails did not inhibit the growth of the selected pathogenic bacteria. However, the methanolic extract of E. vermiculata viscera inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 50% concentration; and the inhibition zone reached 12.3 ± 0.6 mm. In addition, the methanolic extract of H. aspersa viscera inhibited the growth of S. aureus at 100 and 50% concentrations up to 19.3 ± 0.6 and 18.0 ± 0.1 mm, respectively, and induced a moderate decrease in the growth of E. coli at 100% concentration. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) assured damaging impacts of the methanolic and PBS viscera extracts of the two snails “H. aspersa and E. vermiculata” on both E. coli and S. aureus. In conclusion, the antibacterial properties of the methanolic viscera extracts of the terrestrial gastropods may encourage the discovery of new and safe antibiotics from animal origin.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"120 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76407714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG FOUR MUTELID SPECIES (BIVALVIA: UNIONIDA) IN EGYPT REVEALED BY RAPD-PCR TECHNIQUE","authors":"M. Fol, M. Morad, I. Gamil, S. Sabet, R. Mansour","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.44427.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.44427.1041","url":null,"abstract":"Article History: Received: 28 September 2020 Revised: 27 November 2020 Accepted: 30 November 2020","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"73 1","pages":"0-0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83092165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.40783.1039
N. Elhawary, M. Soliman, A. Seif, W.S. Meshrif
Mosquitoes have diverse species and global distribution. Most freshwater bodies support different mosquito species breeding. The physicochemical characteristics of mosquito breeding sites may influence culicine species distribution and their abundance. This study aimed to determine culicine species communities and their abundance in two rural sites and one urban breeding site in Egypt considering physicochemical characteristics of breeding places. These areas were Al-Beshlawy drainage canal (Giza), El-Khartoum irrigation ditch (Beheira), and Tanta man-made ground hole (Gharbia), respectively. The measured physicochemical parameters were temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrite. Diversity indices (recorded number of species, diversity, equitability, and concentration of dominance) of mosquitoes were also calculated. The results showed that six culicine species were identified in the tested three breeding sites. These were Culex pipiens, Cx. univittatus, Cx. antennatus, Cx. quinqueifasciatus, Cx. perexiguus, and Culiseta longiareolata. All species are native to the Egyptian fauna. In all tested urban and rural breeding sites, Cx. pipiens was considered eudominant. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity in the culicine community between the tested sites ranged between 0.03 and 0.12. This dissimilarity may be attributed to the absence of certain species in some sites, as well as the significant difference in the abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cs. longiareolata among the sites. Water salinity and dissolved nitrite content differed significantly among the breeding sites. The multiple regression analysis between the identified culicine species and the physicochemical parameters showed that salinity, nitrite content, turbidity, and pH are considered key factors to predict some culicine species in water bodies.
{"title":"CULICINE MOSQUITOES (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) COMMUNITIES AND THEIR RELATION TO PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN THREE BREEDING SITES IN EGYPT","authors":"N. Elhawary, M. Soliman, A. Seif, W.S. Meshrif","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.40783.1039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.40783.1039","url":null,"abstract":"Mosquitoes have diverse species and global distribution. Most freshwater bodies support different mosquito species breeding. The physicochemical characteristics of mosquito breeding sites may influence culicine species distribution and their abundance. This study aimed to determine culicine species communities and their abundance in two rural sites and one urban breeding site in Egypt considering physicochemical characteristics of breeding places. These areas were Al-Beshlawy drainage canal (Giza), El-Khartoum irrigation ditch (Beheira), and Tanta man-made ground hole (Gharbia), respectively. The measured physicochemical parameters were temperature, pH, salinity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, and nitrite. Diversity indices (recorded number of species, diversity, equitability, and concentration of dominance) of mosquitoes were also calculated. The results showed that six culicine species were identified in the tested three breeding sites. These were Culex pipiens, Cx. univittatus, Cx. antennatus, Cx. quinqueifasciatus, Cx. perexiguus, and Culiseta longiareolata. All species are native to the Egyptian fauna. In all tested urban and rural breeding sites, Cx. pipiens was considered eudominant. Bray-Curtis dissimilarity in the culicine community between the tested sites ranged between 0.03 and 0.12. This dissimilarity may be attributed to the absence of certain species in some sites, as well as the significant difference in the abundance of Cx. pipiens and Cs. longiareolata among the sites. Water salinity and dissolved nitrite content differed significantly among the breeding sites. The multiple regression analysis between the identified culicine species and the physicochemical parameters showed that salinity, nitrite content, turbidity, and pH are considered key factors to predict some culicine species in water bodies.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"99 1","pages":"30-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80569783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.26777.1027
E. Sayed, H. Waly, K. H. Hassan, Gamal Badr
Propolis has several biological/pharmacological properties. The current study investigated the potential hepatoprotective benefits of propolis in CCl4-treated mice. Three groups of male BALB/c mice (n=15/group) were used in the current study: group I comprised the control mice, groups II was intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (1.0 mL of 10% CCl4dissolved in olive oil/kg body weight, twice/week for six weeks) for inducing liver fibrosis, group III was treated with CCl4 as in group II and then supplemented orally with the ethanol-soluble derivative of propolis (100 mg/kg body weight/day) for additional four weeks. The antifibrotic effects of propolis were assessed by histological analysis, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and ELISA. The results indicated that the CCl4-treated mice exhibited histopathological alterations in the liver architecture with an increase in the numbers of Kupffer cells, a significant increase in the lymphocytes apoptosis and in the plasma nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, C-reactive protein, and platelet derived growth factor levels, and a significant decrease in the plasma total glutathione level, as compared with the control group. The liver of CCl4-treated mice also exhibited a significant increase in the expression of collagen and survivin, upregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and downregulation of STAT5 phosphorylation. Interestingly, propolis abrogated significantly the hepatic collagen deposition, inflammatory signals, and oxidative stress, and improved the hepatic architecture in CCl4-treated mice nearly to the normal architecture observed in the control mice. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the potential hepatoprotective effects of propolis in alleviating the liver fibrosis.
蜂胶具有几种生物学/药理学特性。目前的研究调查了蜂胶对ccl4处理小鼠的潜在肝保护作用。本研究采用三组雄性BALB/c小鼠(每组15只):第一组为对照小鼠，第二组腹腔注射CCl4(10%的CCl4溶于橄榄油中1.0 mL /kg体重，每周2次，连续6周)诱导肝纤维化，第三组与第二组相同，然后口服蜂胶醇溶性衍生物(100 mg/kg体重/天)，再持续4周。采用组织学分析、Western blotting、流式细胞术、ELISA等方法评价蜂胶的抗纤维化作用。结果表明，与对照组相比，ccl4处理小鼠肝脏结构发生组织病理学改变，库普弗细胞数量增加，淋巴细胞凋亡显著增加，血浆一氧化氮、活性氧、c反应蛋白和血小板衍生生长因子水平显著增加，血浆总谷胱甘肽水平显著降低。ccl4处理小鼠肝脏中胶原蛋白和survivin的表达显著增加，信号传导和转录激活因子3 (STAT3)磷酸化上调，STAT5磷酸化下调。有趣的是，蜂胶显著消除了肝脏胶原沉积、炎症信号和氧化应激，并改善了ccl4处理小鼠的肝脏结构，几乎与对照组小鼠的正常结构接近。总之，我们的研究结果表明蜂胶在减轻肝纤维化方面具有潜在的肝保护作用。
{"title":"PROPOLIS IMPROVED THE HEPATIC ARCHITECTURE BY CONTROLLING STAT-3 AND STAT-5 PHOSPHORYLATION, AND SURVIVIN EXPRESSION IN A MOUSE MODEL OF LIVER FIBROSIS","authors":"E. Sayed, H. Waly, K. H. Hassan, Gamal Badr","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.26777.1027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.26777.1027","url":null,"abstract":"Propolis has several biological/pharmacological properties. The current study investigated the potential hepatoprotective benefits of propolis in CCl4-treated mice. Three groups of male BALB/c mice (n=15/group) were used in the current study: group I comprised the control mice, groups II was intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (1.0 mL of 10% CCl4dissolved in olive oil/kg body weight, twice/week for six weeks) for inducing liver fibrosis, group III was treated with CCl4 as in group II and then supplemented orally with the ethanol-soluble derivative of propolis (100 mg/kg body weight/day) for additional four weeks. The antifibrotic effects of propolis were assessed by histological analysis, Western blotting, flow cytometry, and ELISA. The results indicated that the CCl4-treated mice exhibited histopathological alterations in the liver architecture with an increase in the numbers of Kupffer cells, a significant increase in the lymphocytes apoptosis and in the plasma nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, C-reactive protein, and platelet derived growth factor levels, and a significant decrease in the plasma total glutathione level, as compared with the control group. The liver of CCl4-treated mice also exhibited a significant increase in the expression of collagen and survivin, upregulation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation, and downregulation of STAT5 phosphorylation. Interestingly, propolis abrogated significantly the hepatic collagen deposition, inflammatory signals, and oxidative stress, and improved the hepatic architecture in CCl4-treated mice nearly to the normal architecture observed in the control mice. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the potential hepatoprotective effects of propolis in alleviating the liver fibrosis.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83751937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.21608/EJZ.2020.28358.1029
Y. Fergani, Heba M. Elbanna, H. Hamama
Increasing incentives for discovering effective and eco-friendly bio-insecticides seem to be a very important challenge nowadays. Plant essential oils play a promising role in integrated pest-management programs. In the present study, the insecticidal activities of six essential oils from clove (Syzygium aromaticum), crane’s-bills (Geranium sp.), citronella (Cymbopogon sp.), dill (Anethum graveolens), cinnamon (Cinnamomum camphora) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) were investigated against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis “Boisduval” (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The toxicity test revealed that all the tested essential oils have noticeable insecticidal activity. The basil oil was the most efficient against the 3rd instar larvae, with the lethal concentration (LC)50=0.42%; while the dill oil showed higher toxicity than the other oils against the 5th instar larvae (LC50=0.49%) after 48 hours of treatment. The impact of the tested essential oils on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities was also assessed. The basil oil induced the activity of AChE in both the 3rd and the 5th instar larvae. All tested oils elevated GST activity in the 5th instar larvae, except citronella oil. The dill oil decreased CE activity in both instars. Genotoxicity analysis using comet assay revealed that all assay parameters differed significantly, compared to the control. The maximum percentage of damaged DNA was detected in larvae treated with basil followed by dill, cinnamon, clove, citronella and crane's-bills, respectively. It was concluded that these essential oils could play a promising role in controlling S. littoralis and providing a biological alternative to synthetic insecticides in the control programs.
{"title":"GENOTOXICITY OF SOME PLANT ESSENTIAL OILS IN COTTON LEAFWORM, SPODOPTERA LITTORALIS (LEPIDOPTERA: NOCTUIDAE): THE POTENTIAL ROLE OF DETOXIFICATION ENZYMES","authors":"Y. Fergani, Heba M. Elbanna, H. Hamama","doi":"10.21608/EJZ.2020.28358.1029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJZ.2020.28358.1029","url":null,"abstract":"Increasing incentives for discovering effective and eco-friendly bio-insecticides seem to be a very important challenge nowadays. Plant essential oils play a promising role in integrated pest-management programs. In the present study, the insecticidal activities of six essential oils from clove (Syzygium aromaticum), crane’s-bills (Geranium sp.), citronella (Cymbopogon sp.), dill (Anethum graveolens), cinnamon (Cinnamomum camphora) and basil (Ocimum basilicum) were investigated against the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis “Boisduval” (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). The toxicity test revealed that all the tested essential oils have noticeable insecticidal activity. The basil oil was the most efficient against the 3rd instar larvae, with the lethal concentration (LC)50=0.42%; while the dill oil showed higher toxicity than the other oils against the 5th instar larvae (LC50=0.49%) after 48 hours of treatment. The impact of the tested essential oils on the acetylcholinesterase (AChE), carboxylesterase (CE), and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities was also assessed. The basil oil induced the activity of AChE in both the 3rd and the 5th instar larvae. All tested oils elevated GST activity in the 5th instar larvae, except citronella oil. The dill oil decreased CE activity in both instars. Genotoxicity analysis using comet assay revealed that all assay parameters differed significantly, compared to the control. The maximum percentage of damaged DNA was detected in larvae treated with basil followed by dill, cinnamon, clove, citronella and crane's-bills, respectively. It was concluded that these essential oils could play a promising role in controlling S. littoralis and providing a biological alternative to synthetic insecticides in the control programs.","PeriodicalId":11659,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Zoology","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90727847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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