Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.318
D. Eris, A. Purwantara, A. Munif, B. P. Soekarno
Coconut kopyor is one of the most important commodities. One of the problems in coconut kopyor cultivation is grey leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. Using endophytic bacteria is one of the control technique that is environmentally friendly. A total of 40 selected endophytic Arecaceaebacteria isolated from coconut kopyor, palm oil, aren, nibung and pejibaye were tested for their inhibitory ability to Curvularia sp.through antibiotic and volatile organic compound (VOC)test.The antibiotic test showed that thirty three endophytic bacteria isolates have inhibitory capacity againstCurvularia sp. in a range of inhibition from 4.4% to 86.6%. Isolates with the highest inhibition were EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 and EAKSS 507. VOC test showed that EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 and EAAPN 557 were produced VOC that suppressed the growth of Curvulariasp fungal colonies in a range from 92.27% to 97.21%. Based on the best combination of antibiotic and production of volatile organic compound test, there were four potential isolates to inhibit the growth of Curvulariasp. in vitro i.e. EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 and EAPJN 216. Those isolates were molecularly identified as Serratia marcescensstrain PIGB81, Burkholderiasp. DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21 and S. marcescensstrain LB21.The four isolates were isolated from different plants such oil palm, coconut kopyor and pejibaye.[Keywords: antibiotics,Burkholderia,malforma-tion, Serratia,suppression, volatile compound]AbstrakKelapa kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting. Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp. Penggunaan bakteri endofit merupakan salah satu cara control yang ramah lingkungan.Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp. melalui uji antibiosis dan uji produksi senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Uji antibiosis menunjukkan se-banyak 33 isolat bakteri endofit menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhadap cendawan Curvulariasp. dengan kisaran 4,4%-86,6%. Penghambatan terbesar yakni isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 dan isolat EAKSS 507. Pengujian produksi senyawa organik volatil menunjukkan EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 dan EAAPN 557 menghasilkan komponen volatil organik yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp. pada kisaran 92,27%- 97,21%. Berdasarkan kombinasi data pengujian antibioisis dan produksi senyawa organik volatilterdapat 4 isolat bakteri endofit yang berpotensi menghambat perkembangan Curvulariasp. yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 dan EAPJN 216.Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler ke empat isolat tersebut berturut-turut adalah Serratia marcescens strain PIGB81,Burkholderia sp. DOP Ma316,S. marcescens strain RY21danS. marcescens strain LB21. Keempat isolat te
椰子kopyor是最重要的商品之一。利用内生细菌防治由弯孢菌引起的灰叶斑病是我国椰子种植中存在的问题之一，是一种环保的防治技术。采用抗生素试验和挥发性有机化合物(VOC)试验，对从椰子科帕尔、棕榈油、aren、nibung和pejibaye中分离得到的40株槟榔科内生细菌对曲霉病菌(Curvularia)的抑制能力进行了测试。抗菌试验结果表明，33株内生细菌对曲霉病菌具有较强的抑菌能力，抑菌率在4.4% ~ 86.6%之间。菌株EAKSS 502、EAKSS 520和EAKSS 507的抑菌率最高。挥发性有机化合物(VOC)测试表明，EAPJN 216、EAKSS 532、EAAPN 225、EAAPN 506、EAAPN 507和EAAPN 557产生的挥发性有机化合物对曲霉真菌菌落生长的抑制作用在92.27% ~ 97.21%之间。通过抗菌药物最佳组合和挥发性有机物产量试验，筛选出4株抑制曲霉霉生长的潜在菌株。即EAKSS 502、EAKSS 507、EAKPN 201和EAPJN 216。这些分离株经分子鉴定为粘质沙雷菌PIGB81, Burkholderiasp。DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21和S. marcescensstrain LB21。这4个分离株分别从油棕、椰子科帕约尔和佩吉巴耶等不同植物中分离得到。【关键词】抗生素，伯克氏菌，畸形，沙雷氏菌，抑制，挥发性化合物】【摘要】克拉帕kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting。Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapapkopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp。彭家南烤鸡业的经营状况和经营状况都很好。Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endopeal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawwit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp。百乐吉抗生素和百乐吉产品含有高挥发性有机化合物(VOC)。Uji抗生素menunjukkan sebanyak 33分离菌对menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhahadap cendawan curvularias的作用。登干-基萨兰4.4% - 86.6%。Penghambatan terbesar yakni分离株eakss502, eakss520和eakss507。企鹅产品senyawa有机挥发物menunjukkan eapjn216, eaks532, eaapn225, eaapn506, eaapn507和eaapn557 menghasilkan komponen挥发性有机物yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp。帕达·基萨兰92,27%- 97,21%。【中文译文】【中文译文】企鹅抗生素与有机挥发物4分离菌;yaitu分离株EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201和EAPJN 216。研究了粘质沙氏菌PIGB81，伯克霍尔德氏菌DOP Ma316,S。粘多糖菌株RY21danS。粘多糖菌株LB21。keep empat isolat tersebut diisolasdaritanaman yang berbeda yakni kelapapsawit, kelapapkopyor dan pejibaye。[Kata kunci:抗生素，伯克氏菌，malformasi, penghambatan, Serratia,komponen挥发性]。
{"title":"Antagonisme beberapa bakteri endofit Arecaceae terhadap Curvularia sp. patogen penyebab bercak daun yang diisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor (Antagonism of selected Arecaceae endophytic bacteria against Curvularia sp. leaf spot pathogen isolated from coconut kopyor)","authors":"D. Eris, A. Purwantara, A. Munif, B. P. Soekarno","doi":"10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.318","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.318","url":null,"abstract":"Coconut kopyor is one of the most important commodities. One of the problems in coconut kopyor cultivation is grey leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia sp. Using endophytic bacteria is one of the control technique that is environmentally friendly. A total of 40 selected endophytic Arecaceaebacteria isolated from coconut kopyor, palm oil, aren, nibung and pejibaye were tested for their inhibitory ability to Curvularia sp.through antibiotic and volatile organic compound (VOC)test.The antibiotic test showed that thirty three endophytic bacteria isolates have inhibitory capacity againstCurvularia sp. in a range of inhibition from 4.4% to 86.6%. Isolates with the highest inhibition were EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 and EAKSS 507. VOC test showed that EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 and EAAPN 557 were produced VOC that suppressed the growth of Curvulariasp fungal colonies in a range from 92.27% to 97.21%. Based on the best combination of antibiotic and production of volatile organic compound test, there were four potential isolates to inhibit the growth of Curvulariasp. in vitro i.e. EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 and EAPJN 216. Those isolates were molecularly identified as Serratia marcescensstrain PIGB81, Burkholderiasp. DOP Ma316, S. marcescensstrain RY21 and S. marcescensstrain LB21.The four isolates were isolated from different plants such oil palm, coconut kopyor and pejibaye.[Keywords: antibiotics,Burkholderia,malforma-tion, Serratia,suppression, volatile compound]AbstrakKelapa kopyor saat ini menjadi salah satu komoditas perkebunan yang penting. Salah satu masalah dalam pembudidayaan kelapa kopyor adalah serangan penyakit bercak kelabu yang disebabkan oleh cendawan Curvulariasp. Penggunaan bakteri endofit merupakan salah satu cara control yang ramah lingkungan.Sebanyak 40 isolat bakteri endofit asal tanaman Arecaceaediisolasi dari tanaman kelapa kopyor, kelapa sawit, aren, nibung dan pejibaye diujikan kemampuan penghambatannya terhadap Curvulariasp. melalui uji antibiosis dan uji produksi senyawa organik volatil (VOC). Uji antibiosis menunjukkan se-banyak 33 isolat bakteri endofit menunjukkan daya penghambatan terhadap cendawan Curvulariasp. dengan kisaran 4,4%-86,6%. Penghambatan terbesar yakni isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 520 dan isolat EAKSS 507. Pengujian produksi senyawa organik volatil menunjukkan EAPJN 216, EAKSS 532, EAAPN 225, EAAPN 506, EAAPN 507 dan EAAPN 557 menghasilkan komponen volatil organik yang menekan pertumbuhan koloni cendawan Curvulariasp. pada kisaran 92,27%- 97,21%. Berdasarkan kombinasi data pengujian antibioisis dan produksi senyawa organik volatilterdapat 4 isolat bakteri endofit yang berpotensi menghambat perkembangan Curvulariasp. yaitu isolat EAKSS 502, EAKSS 507, EAKPN 201 dan EAPJN 216.Hasil identifikasi secara molekuler ke empat isolat tersebut berturut-turut adalah Serratia marcescens strain PIGB81,Burkholderia sp. DOP Ma316,S. marcescens strain RY21danS. marcescens strain LB21. Keempat isolat te","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"130 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79156259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.284
S. Wahyuni, H. Habibullah, S. Putra, D. M. Amanah, Siswanto., Priyono, D. Santoso, S. J. Pardal
AbstractThe expansion of sugarcane areas as a support to national sugar production has shifted to sub-optimal dry land. In drought stress conditions, early growth of sugarcane usually can inhibite and decrease its productivity. This study aimed to test the efficacy of organic biostimulant in increasing vegetative growth of sugarcane in the dry land. Firstly, seedlings were submerged with biostimulant of Citorin-Rfor overnight. Secondly, the biostimulant application of Citorin-S was carried out by foliar sprayat age1 and4 months old trees. Humicacid 0.5% (v/v) was applied in soil before planting while the application of mycorrhiza was carried out by direct pouring on soil during planting. The results showed that the initial vegetative growth of biostimulant-treated sugarcane stem diameter and length were 23% wider and 27% higher compared to that of control, respectively. In subsequent growth cycle, all observed vegetative parameters showed higher growth value in the biostimulant-treated sugarcanes than that of the control. Plant height, stem diameter and number of tillers of biostimulant-treated sugarcanes had significantly higher values than that of the control. P3 treatment (organic biostimulant plus humic acid and mycorrhiza) was the best treatment. The height and diameter of P3 sugarcane stems were 47% wider and 59% higher, respectively, compared to that of control at 107 DAP.[Keywords: biostimulant, plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers, number of leaves] Abstrak Penambahan areal tanaman tebu untuk mendukung peningkatan produksi gula nasional telah bergeser ke areal sub-optimal lahan kering. Pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan, pertumbuhan awal tebu biasanya terhambat dan dapat menurunkan produktivitas saat panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efikasi biostimulan organik untukmeningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu pada fase awal di lahan kering. Perlakuan biostimulan Citorin-R diaplikasikan pada benih dengan cara perendaman semalam. Perlakuan kedua, biostimulan Citorin-S disemprotkanpada saat tanaman tebu berumur 1 dan 4 bulan secara foliar spray. Aplikasi asam humat 0,5 % (v/v) di tanah dilakukan sebelum tanam, sedangkan aplikasi mikoriza dilakukan dengan pemberian langsung pada tanah saat penanaman bagal tebu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pertumbuhan vegetatif awal tanaman tebu perlakuan memiliki diameter batang sekitar 23% dan tinggi tanaman 27% lebih tinggi daripada tebu kontrol. Pada pertumbuhan selanjutnya, semua parameter vegetatif yang diamati menunjukkan nilai pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah anakan secara statistik berbeda nyata lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Perlakuan P3 (biostimulan organik plus asam humat dan mikoriza) adalah perlakuan terbaik. Tinggi dan diameter batang tanaman tebu P3 masing-masing 47% dan 59% lebih besar daripada batang tanaman kontrol pada 107 hari setelah tanam (HST).
摘要甘蔗种植面积的扩大对国家食糖生产的支持已转向次优旱地。在干旱胁迫条件下，甘蔗的早期生长通常会抑制和降低其生产力。本研究旨在考察有机生物刺激素对旱地甘蔗营养生长的促进作用。首先，将幼苗浸泡在citorin - r生物刺激素中过夜。其次，对1月龄和4月龄树龄进行叶面喷施Citorin-S生物刺激素。植前施用0.5% (v/v)腐殖酸，植时直接淋施菌根。结果表明，与对照相比，经生物刺激素处理的甘蔗茎粗和茎长分别增加23%和27%。在随后的生长周期中，所有观察到的营养参数都显示，生物刺激素处理的甘蔗的生长值高于对照。生物刺激素处理的甘蔗株高、茎粗和分蘖数显著高于对照。P3处理(有机生物刺激素加腐植酸和菌根)效果最好。在107 DAP处理下，P3甘蔗茎高和茎粗分别比对照宽47%和高59%。[关键词]生物刺激素，株高，茎粗，分蘖数，叶数]摘要:Penambahan地区tanaman tebu untuk mendukung peningkatan producksi gula国家telah bergeser地区次优lahan kering。帕达·康迪西·卡曼·卡林根，pertumbuhan awalbu biasanya terhambat dan dapatatmenurunkan生产活动是在帕达·卡林根。Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efikasi biostimulan organik untukmeningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetanman(植物性植物)是一种生物刺激因子。Perlakuan生物刺激素Citorin-R的双聚氰胺和双聚氰胺的作用。白藜芦醇(Perlakuan kedua)、生物刺激素Citorin-S (Citorin-S)、抗菌素(Citorin-S)、抗菌素(Citorin-S)、抗菌素(Citorin-S)、抗菌素(Citorin-S)、抗菌素、抗菌素、抗菌素。应用kasi asam人类0,5 % (v/v) di tanah dilakukan sebelum tanam, sedangkan apilkasi mikoriza dilakukan dengan pemberian langsung pada tanah saat penanaman bagal tebu。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pertumbuhan植被awal tanaman tebu perlakuan memoriliki直径batang sekitar 23% dantinggi tanaman 27% lebih tinggi daripada tebu控制。pertumbuhan seranjutnya, semua参数，植被，yang, diamati, menunjukkan, nilai pertumbuhan, yang, lebih, tinggi, pertumbuhan, tanaman, tebu, perlaguan, daripnya，控制。丁宜受困tanaman,直径江丹jumlah anakan secara statistik berbeda nyata lebih丁宜受困篇tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol。Perlakuan P3(有机生物刺激素加人尿酸)adalah Perlakuan terbaik。Tinggi dan直径batang tanaman tebu P3 - masing-masing 47%和59% lebih besar daripada batang tanaman控制pada 107 hari setelah tanam (HST)。[Kata kunci:biostimulan, tinggi tanaman, diameter batang, jumlah anakan, jumlah daun]
{"title":"Biostimulasi pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.) pada fase awal di lahan kering (Biostimulation of vegetative growth of sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) in the initial phase on dry land)","authors":"S. Wahyuni, H. Habibullah, S. Putra, D. M. Amanah, Siswanto., Priyono, D. Santoso, S. J. Pardal","doi":"10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.284","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe expansion of sugarcane areas as a support to national sugar production has shifted to sub-optimal dry land. In drought stress conditions, early growth of sugarcane usually can inhibite and decrease its productivity. This study aimed to test the efficacy of organic biostimulant in increasing vegetative growth of sugarcane in the dry land. Firstly, seedlings were submerged with biostimulant of Citorin-Rfor overnight. Secondly, the biostimulant application of Citorin-S was carried out by foliar sprayat age1 and4 months old trees. Humicacid 0.5% (v/v) was applied in soil before planting while the application of mycorrhiza was carried out by direct pouring on soil during planting. The results showed that the initial vegetative growth of biostimulant-treated sugarcane stem diameter and length were 23% wider and 27% higher compared to that of control, respectively. In subsequent growth cycle, all observed vegetative parameters showed higher growth value in the biostimulant-treated sugarcanes than that of the control. Plant height, stem diameter and number of tillers of biostimulant-treated sugarcanes had significantly higher values than that of the control. P3 treatment (organic biostimulant plus humic acid and mycorrhiza) was the best treatment. The height and diameter of P3 sugarcane stems were 47% wider and 59% higher, respectively, compared to that of control at 107 DAP.[Keywords: biostimulant, plant height, stem diameter, number of tillers, number of leaves] Abstrak Penambahan areal tanaman tebu untuk mendukung peningkatan produksi gula nasional telah bergeser ke areal sub-optimal lahan kering. Pada kondisi cekaman kekeringan, pertumbuhan awal tebu biasanya terhambat dan dapat menurunkan produktivitas saat panen. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji efikasi biostimulan organik untukmeningkatkan pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman tebu pada fase awal di lahan kering. Perlakuan biostimulan Citorin-R diaplikasikan pada benih dengan cara perendaman semalam. Perlakuan kedua, biostimulan Citorin-S disemprotkanpada saat tanaman tebu berumur 1 dan 4 bulan secara foliar spray. Aplikasi asam humat 0,5 % (v/v) di tanah dilakukan sebelum tanam, sedangkan aplikasi mikoriza dilakukan dengan pemberian langsung pada tanah saat penanaman bagal tebu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai pertumbuhan vegetatif awal tanaman tebu perlakuan memiliki diameter batang sekitar 23% dan tinggi tanaman 27% lebih tinggi daripada tebu kontrol. Pada pertumbuhan selanjutnya, semua parameter vegetatif yang diamati menunjukkan nilai pertumbuhan yang lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Tinggi tanaman, diameter batang dan jumlah anakan secara statistik berbeda nyata lebih tinggi pada tanaman tebu perlakuan daripada kontrol. Perlakuan P3 (biostimulan organik plus asam humat dan mikoriza) adalah perlakuan terbaik. Tinggi dan diameter batang tanaman tebu P3 masing-masing 47% dan 59% lebih besar daripada batang tanaman kontrol pada 107 hari setelah tanam (HST).","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73849742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-10-25DOI: 10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.294
Ali Pramono, Sadmaka
Global warming and climate change are the world's major environmental, social and economic problems. The agricultural sector can act as an affected victim, greenhouse gas (GHG) contributor, and GHG absorber. Plantations have a very strategic role in the national action plan in GHG mitigation, because it has a great ability to absorb CO2. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the carbon stocks and GHG emissions from plantation management. The objectivesof the study wereto measure GHG emissions,to determine carbon stocks,and to define adaptation and mitigation strategies on climate change in existing coffee plantation systems. Gas samples were taken from 5 sampling points as replications by closedchamber method. Carbon stock estimation was done by destructive technique, including biomass of understorey and non-wood necromass. The results showed that the coffee plantations less than 10 years-oldat the study sites emitted 47 tons CO2-e/ha/year and stored carbon of 91.4 tons C/ha. Climate change adaptation strategies can be done by the application of good agricultural practices (GAP)andthe use of drought-tolerantclones, mulches,shade trees,multiple cropping systems, silt pitsand biophore techniques. The GHG mitigation can be done by the utilization of plantation waste as a source of organic fertilizer, biochar, animal feed, and bioenergy sources through the development of models of integration crop and livestock systems, as well as rejuvenation of plantation crops to increase carbon sinks and stocks. [Keywords: climate change, carbon sequestration, coffee plantations] Abstrak Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim menjadi masalah utama lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi dunia hingga saat ini. Sektor pertanian dapat berperan sebagai korban terdampak, penyumbang Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), dan penyerapGRK. Tanaman perkebunan mempunyai posisi sangat strategis dalam rencana aksi nasional di sektor pertanian, karena memiliki kemampuan besar dalam menyerap CO2. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran cadangan karbon dan emisi GRK dari pengelolaan perkebunan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengukur emisi GRK, menentukan cadangan karbon dan menetapkan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi terhadap perubahan iklim pada sistem perkebunan kopi rakyat eksisting di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengambilan contoh gas dilakukan di limatitik sampling dengan metode sungkup tertutup. Penghitungan cadangan karbon di atas permukaan tanah dilakukan dengan cara destruktifyang mencakup juga penetapan cadangan karbon biomassatanaman bawah dan biomassaserasah (ne-kromas non kayu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi rakyat yang berumur kurang dari 10 tahun di lokasi penelitianmeng-emisikan karbon sebesar 47 ton CO2-e/ha/tahundan menyimpan cadangankarbon sebesar 91,4ton C/ha. Strategi adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan praktik Pertanian yang baik/ Good Agricultural Practices(GAP), penggunaan klon tahan kekeringan, penggunaan mulsa organik, p
全球变暖和气候变化是当今世界面临的主要环境、社会和经济问题。农业部门可以作为受影响的受害者、温室气体(GHG)贡献者和温室气体吸收者。人工林具有很强的吸收二氧化碳的能力，因此在国家温室气体减排行动计划中具有非常重要的战略作用。因此，有必要确定人工林经营活动的碳储量和温室气体排放量。该研究的目的是测量温室气体排放，确定碳储量，并确定现有咖啡种植园系统对气候变化的适应和减缓战略。气体样品采用密闭室法从5个采样点进行重复采样。碳储量估算采用破坏法，包括林下生物量和非林木坏死生物量。结果表明，研究地点10年以下的咖啡种植园年二氧化碳排放量为47吨/公顷，碳储量为91.4吨/公顷。气候变化适应战略可以通过应用良好农业规范(GAP)和使用耐旱无性系、地膜、遮荫树、复种制度、淤泥坑和生物群落技术来实现。通过开发作物和牲畜一体化系统模式，利用人工林废弃物作为有机肥、生物炭、动物饲料和生物能源的来源，以及恢复人工林作物以增加碳汇和碳储量，可以实现温室气体减排。[关键词]气候变化，碳固存，咖啡种植园]摘要:Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim menjadi masalah utama lingkungan，社会dan经济dunia hinga saat ini。部门pertanian dapat berperan sebagai korban terdampak, penyumbang Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK)， dan penyerapGRK。国家发展战略、国家发展战略、国家发展战略、国家发展战略、国家发展战略、国家发展战略。Oleh karena itu，企鹅，cadangan，碳，碳，碳，碳，碳，碳，碳。【翻译】:图库潘内利安·阿达利安·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔·腾格尔彭甘比兰孔洞气dilakukan di - limatitik取样登干法sunkup分析。Penghitungan cadangan carbon di ata permukaan tanah dilakukan dengan cara destruktifyang menencakup juga penetapan cadangan carbon biomassatanaman bawah dan biomassaserasah (ne-kromas non kayu)。Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi rakyat yang berumur kurang dari 10 tahun di lokasi penelitianmengan -emisikan carbon sebesar 47吨二氧化碳/公顷/tahundan menyimpan cadangancarbon sebesar 91,4吨碳/公顷。良好农业规范(GAP)， penggunaan klon tahan kekeringan, penggunaan mulsa organik, penafaatanpohon penaungdan system tumpang sari, penbuatan orak dan biopori。mitgasi GRK dapat dilakukan dengan pmanfaatan limbah tanaman perkebunan sebagai sumber pupukorganik, arang(生物炭)，pakan ternak, danber bioenergy - malume -bangan模型系统集成(tanaman danternak,serta peremajaan tanaman perkebunan yang sudah menurun生产力，nya untuk meningkatkan serapan dancadangancarbon)。[Kata kunci:perubahan iklim, sekuestrasi karbon, perkebunan kopi]
{"title":"Emisi gas rumah kaca, cadangan karbon serta strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi pada perkebunan kopi rakyat di Nusa Tenggara Barat (Greenhouse gas emission, carbon stock, adaptation and mitigation strategies at smallholder coffee plantation in West Nusa Tenggara)","authors":"Ali Pramono, Sadmaka","doi":"10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22302/IRIBB.JUR.MP.V86I2.294","url":null,"abstract":"Global warming and climate change are the world's major environmental, social and economic problems. The agricultural sector can act as an affected victim, greenhouse gas (GHG) contributor, and GHG absorber. Plantations have a very strategic role in the national action plan in GHG mitigation, because it has a great ability to absorb CO2. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the carbon stocks and GHG emissions from plantation management. The objectivesof the study wereto measure GHG emissions,to determine carbon stocks,and to define adaptation and mitigation strategies on climate change in existing coffee plantation systems. Gas samples were taken from 5 sampling points as replications by closedchamber method. Carbon stock estimation was done by destructive technique, including biomass of understorey and non-wood necromass. The results showed that the coffee plantations less than 10 years-oldat the study sites emitted 47 tons CO2-e/ha/year and stored carbon of 91.4 tons C/ha. Climate change adaptation strategies can be done by the application of good agricultural practices (GAP)andthe use of drought-tolerantclones, mulches,shade trees,multiple cropping systems, silt pitsand biophore techniques. The GHG mitigation can be done by the utilization of plantation waste as a source of organic fertilizer, biochar, animal feed, and bioenergy sources through the development of models of integration crop and livestock systems, as well as rejuvenation of plantation crops to increase carbon sinks and stocks. [Keywords: climate change, carbon sequestration, coffee plantations] Abstrak Pemanasan global dan perubahan iklim menjadi masalah utama lingkungan, sosial dan ekonomi dunia hingga saat ini. Sektor pertanian dapat berperan sebagai korban terdampak, penyumbang Gas Rumah Kaca (GRK), dan penyerapGRK. Tanaman perkebunan mempunyai posisi sangat strategis dalam rencana aksi nasional di sektor pertanian, karena memiliki kemampuan besar dalam menyerap CO2. Oleh karena itu, pengukuran cadangan karbon dan emisi GRK dari pengelolaan perkebunan perlu dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengukur emisi GRK, menentukan cadangan karbon dan menetapkan strategi adaptasi dan mitigasi terhadap perubahan iklim pada sistem perkebunan kopi rakyat eksisting di Propinsi Nusa Tenggara Barat. Pengambilan contoh gas dilakukan di limatitik sampling dengan metode sungkup tertutup. Penghitungan cadangan karbon di atas permukaan tanah dilakukan dengan cara destruktifyang mencakup juga penetapan cadangan karbon biomassatanaman bawah dan biomassaserasah (ne-kromas non kayu). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perkebunan kopi rakyat yang berumur kurang dari 10 tahun di lokasi penelitianmeng-emisikan karbon sebesar 47 ton CO2-e/ha/tahundan menyimpan cadangankarbon sebesar 91,4ton C/ha. Strategi adaptasi terhadap perubahan iklim dapat dilakukan dengan penerapan praktik Pertanian yang baik/ Good Agricultural Practices(GAP), penggunaan klon tahan kekeringan, penggunaan mulsa organik, p","PeriodicalId":11660,"journal":{"name":"E-Journal Menara Perkebunan","volume":"115 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77926860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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