Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20394.1076
M. Amer, M. Aiad, S. Rashed, H. El-Ramady
Two field trials were carried out at the experimental farm, Sakha agricultural research station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during two successive growing seasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of applied mineral and organic fertilizers under water stress on the physical, chemical and fertility of the soil properties as well as the productivity of sugar beet and cotton. The main investigated factors included irrigation treatments at 80,100 and120%, respectively evaporation from standard class A evaporation pan. The fertilization treatments included applying N-fertilizer at three rates of 100, 80 and 60 % N from recommended dose in combination with compost. Two levels of potassium humate (i.e., 12and 24kg ha-1) were also applied. The results showed that studied soil chemical, physical properties and its fertility parameters were significantly influenced by the individual treatments and recorded highest values due to the interaction among studied treatments after sugar beet and cotton cultivation. The yield of sugar beet and cotton crops were significantly increased and recorded the highest values at the interaction of highest levels of treatments. Therefore, the irrigation and fertilization management could be considered a proper approach to sustain the soil and water resources in particular under arid and semi-arid regions. Further studies are needed for more and novel approaches in handling the salt-affected soils
{"title":"Irrigation and Fertilization Management of Successive Cultivated Sugar Beet and Cotton under Salt-Affected Soil Conditions","authors":"M. Amer, M. Aiad, S. Rashed, H. El-Ramady","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20394.1076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20394.1076","url":null,"abstract":"Two field trials were carried out at the experimental farm, Sakha agricultural research station, Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt during two successive growing seasons. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of applied mineral and organic fertilizers under water stress on the physical, chemical and fertility of the soil properties as well as the productivity of sugar beet and cotton. The main investigated factors included irrigation treatments at 80,100 and120%, respectively evaporation from standard class A evaporation pan. The fertilization treatments included applying N-fertilizer at three rates of 100, 80 and 60 % N from recommended dose in combination with compost. Two levels of potassium humate (i.e., 12and 24kg ha-1) were also applied. The results showed that studied soil chemical, physical properties and its fertility parameters were significantly influenced by the individual treatments and recorded highest values due to the interaction among studied treatments after sugar beet and cotton cultivation. The yield of sugar beet and cotton crops were significantly increased and recorded the highest values at the interaction of highest levels of treatments. Therefore, the irrigation and fertilization management could be considered a proper approach to sustain the soil and water resources in particular under arid and semi-arid regions. Further studies are needed for more and novel approaches in handling the salt-affected soils","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78917609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.14251.1066
M. Aiad
Two field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research station, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during the two growing seasons 2015/2016 and 2016 to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes and soil amendments on some soil properties, some water relations and yields of wheat and maize. The experiments were conducted in strip block design with three replicates. The most important findings can be summarized as follows: Irrigation at 40% depletion of available soil moisture received the highest amount of irrigation requirements, consumed water and stored water. The highest values of irrigation application efficiency and water consumptive use efficiency were recorded with irrigation treatment at 55% depletion of available soil moisture during two growing seasons. Water productivity (wp) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW), were recorded highest values under (I2) for maize crop. While the highest values of wp and PIW for wheat and maize were achieved from the interaction between irrigation treatment (I2) and soil amendments . The electric conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage were clearly improved and reducing of soil bulk density and increasing soil basic infiltration rate with application of soil amendments. Irrigation treatments and soil amendments have highly significant effect on increasing of yield of wheat and maize. Economic evaluation recorded the highest values of total income, net income, economic efficiency and net income from water unit with application of compost at rate of 5 ton fed-1 under I2 for wheat and maize crops.
{"title":"PRODUCTIVITY OF HEAVY CLAY SOILS AS AFFECTED BY SOME SOIL AMENDMENTS Combined with irrigation regime.","authors":"M. Aiad","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.14251.1066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.14251.1066","url":null,"abstract":"Two field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research station, Kafr El-Sheikh governorate during the two growing seasons 2015/2016 and 2016 to investigate the effect of irrigation regimes and soil amendments on some soil properties, some water relations and yields of wheat and maize. The experiments were conducted in strip block design with three replicates. The most important findings can be summarized as follows: Irrigation at 40% depletion of available soil moisture received the highest amount of irrigation requirements, consumed water and stored water. The highest values of irrigation application efficiency and water consumptive use efficiency were recorded with irrigation treatment at 55% depletion of available soil moisture during two growing seasons. Water productivity (wp) and productivity of irrigation water (PIW), were recorded highest values under (I2) for maize crop. While the highest values of wp and PIW for wheat and maize were achieved from the interaction between irrigation treatment (I2) and soil amendments . The electric conductivity, sodium adsorption ratio, exchangeable sodium percentage were clearly improved and reducing of soil bulk density and increasing soil basic infiltration rate with application of soil amendments. Irrigation treatments and soil amendments have highly significant effect on increasing of yield of wheat and maize. Economic evaluation recorded the highest values of total income, net income, economic efficiency and net income from water unit with application of compost at rate of 5 ton fed-1 under I2 for wheat and maize crops.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84586064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.17750.1070
H. El-Ramady, M. Abowaly, F. Elbehiry, A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, S. A. Mohamed, A. Belal, Heba Elbasiouny, Z. Abdalla
Stressed environments have long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields. So, many considerable literatures have grown up around this theme. In Egypt, there are several common problems related to the stressed environments. These stresses include decline of soil fertility, soil salinity and alkalinity, soil water logging, salt-affected soils, soil pollution, climate change, over-population growth, urban sprawl, land degradation, deterioration of natural resources, etc. More generally, national income will decline and will in turn result in the spread of social and political problems. Kafr El-Sheikh governorate can be considered one of the most important areas in Egypt, which calls "the governorate of the hope and the future" due to its location and wealths. Whereas, this governorate suffers from the most common stresses in Egypt including pollution, salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging. Great problems have been recorded in Kafr El-Sheikh related to stressed environments and suggested solutions also have been addressed. Therefore, a sustainable management should be adapted for overcoming these stressed environments in Kafr El-Sheikh.
{"title":"Stressful Environments and Sustainable Soil Management: A Case Study of Kafr El-Sheikh, Egypt","authors":"H. El-Ramady, M. Abowaly, F. Elbehiry, A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, S. A. Mohamed, A. Belal, Heba Elbasiouny, Z. Abdalla","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.17750.1070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.17750.1070","url":null,"abstract":"Stressed environments have long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields. So, many considerable literatures have grown up around this theme. In Egypt, there are several common problems related to the stressed environments. These stresses include decline of soil fertility, soil salinity and alkalinity, soil water logging, salt-affected soils, soil pollution, climate change, over-population growth, urban sprawl, land degradation, deterioration of natural resources, etc. More generally, national income will decline and will in turn result in the spread of social and political problems. Kafr El-Sheikh governorate can be considered one of the most important areas in Egypt, which calls \"the governorate of the hope and the future\" due to its location and wealths. Whereas, this governorate suffers from the most common stresses in Egypt including pollution, salinity, alkalinity and waterlogging. Great problems have been recorded in Kafr El-Sheikh related to stressed environments and suggested solutions also have been addressed. Therefore, a sustainable management should be adapted for overcoming these stressed environments in Kafr El-Sheikh.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74948347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.12225.1059
S. Abdel-Gawad, M. El-Howeity
The present work aimed at studying the use of some bioaccelerator, namely Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Bacillus polymyxa, together with mineral materials, that is dolomite, feldspar, rock phosphate, bentonite and elemental sulfur, for production of a reduced time of processing with a high-quality compost. Plant residues composting 40% rice straw + 40%maize stalks + 15% fruit residues + 5% medicinal plant residues were subjected to the composting process. Four compost piles were arranged as follows Pile1: plant residues + 10% FYM; Pile2: plant residues + %5 FYM + mineral additions; Pile3: plant residues + %5 FYM + microbial activators and Pile 4: plant residues + %5 FYM + microbial activators + mineral additions.. The experiment continued under aerobic conditions up to 90 days. The piles temperature reached maximum after 15 days, and then dropped gradually to resemble the ambient one at maturity. Microbial inoculants accelerated the composting process and raised the pile temperature within three days, as compared with the other treatments. Also, the highest temperature degree, i.e. 63Cᵒ was recorded for pile 3. Furthermore, bulk density, contents of total macro and micronutrients, and humification process were increased with progressing of the composting process. While, contents of organic matter, organic carbon and C/N ratio were decreased. Pile 4 achieved higher bulk density values and lowest contents of organic carbon, organic matter and C/N ratio. Incorporation of mineral materials increased the contents of total phosphate, potassium and trace elements, especially in piles 2and 4.
{"title":"Effect of Microbial Inoculation and Mineral Amendments on Improving Compost Quality","authors":"S. Abdel-Gawad, M. El-Howeity","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.12225.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.12225.1059","url":null,"abstract":"The present work aimed at studying the use of some bioaccelerator, namely Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum, Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas fluorescence and Bacillus polymyxa, together with mineral materials, that is dolomite, feldspar, rock phosphate, bentonite and elemental sulfur, for production of a reduced time of processing with a high-quality compost. Plant residues composting 40% rice straw + 40%maize stalks + 15% fruit residues + 5% medicinal plant residues were subjected to the composting process. Four compost piles were arranged as follows Pile1: plant residues + 10% FYM; Pile2: plant residues + %5 FYM + mineral additions; Pile3: plant residues + %5 FYM + microbial activators and Pile 4: plant residues + %5 FYM + microbial activators + mineral additions.. The experiment continued under aerobic conditions up to 90 days. The piles temperature reached maximum after 15 days, and then dropped gradually to resemble the ambient one at maturity. Microbial inoculants accelerated the composting process and raised the pile temperature within three days, as compared with the other treatments. Also, the highest temperature degree, i.e. 63Cᵒ was recorded for pile 3. Furthermore, bulk density, contents of total macro and micronutrients, and humification process were increased with progressing of the composting process. While, contents of organic matter, organic carbon and C/N ratio were decreased. Pile 4 achieved higher bulk density values and lowest contents of organic carbon, organic matter and C/N ratio. Incorporation of mineral materials increased the contents of total phosphate, potassium and trace elements, especially in piles 2and 4.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79772076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.7478.1050
A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, T. Alshaal, H. El-Ramady, Z. Kovács, M. Fári
THE GLOBAL agricultural production suffers from many problems and challenges including climate change, natural resources depletion, environmental pollution, soil degradation, etc. Hence, the global security of this vital sector definitely will be threaten including water security, soil security, energy security, food security, etc. Day by day, several attempts already have been conducted in seeking of the humanity for suitable and sustainable solutions to overcome these previous problems. Nanotechnology was and still one of the most important solutions, which will help us to overcome these problems. So, several nanomaterials have been successfully used in many agro-production fields including nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanoremediation, nanobiosensors as well as using of nanoparticles in agri-food production. These nanomaterials can help the agro-production to exploit the natural resources in more sustainable manner and to minimize the agro-wastes. Therefore, regulations for more safety in nanomaterials utilization for agro-production should be starting from the handling for seed germination till the handling for postharvest of agricultural products. Several investigations have been proved the importance of nanomaterials in global securities, the agro-production through the nano-agro-chemicals, management of the agro-wastes, etc. Therefore, this review will highlight new insights and novel approaches for using nanomaterials for sustainable agro-productivity. It will also include the impact of nanomaterials on the agro-environement and the enhanced productivity in frame of sustainability.
{"title":"Nanoparticles: a Novel Approach for Sustainable Agro-productivity","authors":"A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, T. Alshaal, H. El-Ramady, Z. Kovács, M. Fári","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.7478.1050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.7478.1050","url":null,"abstract":"THE GLOBAL agricultural production suffers from many problems and challenges including climate change, natural resources depletion, environmental pollution, soil degradation, etc. Hence, the global security of this vital sector definitely will be threaten including water security, soil security, energy security, food security, etc. Day by day, several attempts already have been conducted in seeking of the humanity for suitable and sustainable solutions to overcome these previous problems. Nanotechnology was and still one of the most important solutions, which will help us to overcome these problems. So, several nanomaterials have been successfully used in many agro-production fields including nanofertilizers, nanopesticides, nanoremediation, nanobiosensors as well as using of nanoparticles in agri-food production. These nanomaterials can help the agro-production to exploit the natural resources in more sustainable manner and to minimize the agro-wastes. Therefore, regulations for more safety in nanomaterials utilization for agro-production should be starting from the handling for seed germination till the handling for postharvest of agricultural products. Several investigations have been proved the importance of nanomaterials in global securities, the agro-production through the nano-agro-chemicals, management of the agro-wastes, etc. Therefore, this review will highlight new insights and novel approaches for using nanomaterials for sustainable agro-productivity. It will also include the impact of nanomaterials on the agro-environement and the enhanced productivity in frame of sustainability.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80977621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.7856.1052
H. El-Ramady, T. Alshaal, A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, Z. Abdalla
THERE is no doubt that the universe is totally controlled by the Great Creator (God or Allah). Allah created everything in this universe, from humans (Man) to animals, plants, soils, air, water, etc., where everything was made or created from water. Concerning the creation of humans, Allah created or made all things in an excellent phase and the first step of human creation was fashioned from clay. These steps include the creation of Man from spurting water, a drop of semen, the sperm fashioned into an embryo, this embryo fashioned into a shapeless lump of flesh, then from the lump of flesh, fashioned bones, then clothed the bones with flesh and then created the consanguinity and affinity. So, a very strong link between soil and human health has been reported and the great roles of soils in plant and human nutrition have also have been established. On the other hand, the effect of pollution of soils and their security on human health should be considered. Therefore, this review is an attempt to emphasize the great roles of soils in human creation and health as well as the security of soils under pollution conditions.
{"title":"Soils and Human Creation in the Holy Quran: from Point of View of Soil Science","authors":"H. El-Ramady, T. Alshaal, A. Omara, Tamer Elsakhawy, Z. Abdalla","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.7856.1052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.7856.1052","url":null,"abstract":"THERE is no doubt that the universe is totally controlled by the Great Creator (God or Allah). Allah created everything in this universe, from humans (Man) to animals, plants, soils, air, water, etc., where everything was made or created from water. Concerning the creation of humans, Allah created or made all things in an excellent phase and the first step of human creation was fashioned from clay. These steps include the creation of Man from spurting water, a drop of semen, the sperm fashioned into an embryo, this embryo fashioned into a shapeless lump of flesh, then from the lump of flesh, fashioned bones, then clothed the bones with flesh and then created the consanguinity and affinity. So, a very strong link between soil and human health has been reported and the great roles of soils in plant and human nutrition have also have been established. On the other hand, the effect of pollution of soils and their security on human health should be considered. Therefore, this review is an attempt to emphasize the great roles of soils in human creation and health as well as the security of soils under pollution conditions.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81468229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19036.1073
M. El-Ghannam, Mona K. M. Abdel-Razek, Hesham Abo El-Soud
Poor water quality mainly exists because of the increasing population and horizontal expansion which are associated with deterioration in sanitation and crop productivity. The present study is aiming to assess the quality of different water sources and soil under sea water intrusion along 3 directions in North Delta, kafr Elsheikh Governorate. A total of 45 water samples were collected from 15 loctions along 3 lines. The results showed that the salinity, sodicity and nitrate concentrations of irrrigarion water were increased toward the north due to the use of blended water for irrigation.The concentrations of Mn, Pb, Cd, Fe and Zn for all drains were varied from 0.20 to 1.36, 0.15 to 0.97, 0.0 to 0.2, 0.29 to 2.70 and 0.0 to 0.1 mgL-1, respectively. The lowest values of soil salinity and sodicity were recorded far from the sea, while the highest values were recorded near the sea. It could be rendered to the effect of artesian pressure of saline ground water near the sea, where the highest value reached 20.25 dS/m in line 1 and the lowest value was observed in line 3. Sea water intrusion were calculated for the studied groundwater samples and followed the decending order of: line 3˃ line 2˃ line 1. On the other hand, appreciable quantities of residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were -1.51, -7.99 and -34.1 for irrigation, drainage and groundwater, respectively. The water samples having high RSC can have an appreciable sodicity hazard.
{"title":"Quality assessment of some water sources and soil under sea water intrusion conditions in North Nile Delta, Egypt","authors":"M. El-Ghannam, Mona K. M. Abdel-Razek, Hesham Abo El-Soud","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19036.1073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.19036.1073","url":null,"abstract":"Poor water quality mainly exists because of the increasing population and horizontal expansion which are associated with deterioration in sanitation and crop productivity. The present study is aiming to assess the quality of different water sources and soil under sea water intrusion along 3 directions in North Delta, kafr Elsheikh Governorate. A total of 45 water samples were collected from 15 loctions along 3 lines. The results showed that the salinity, sodicity and nitrate concentrations of irrrigarion water were increased toward the north due to the use of blended water for irrigation.The concentrations of Mn, Pb, Cd, Fe and Zn for all drains were varied from 0.20 to 1.36, 0.15 to 0.97, 0.0 to 0.2, 0.29 to 2.70 and 0.0 to 0.1 mgL-1, respectively. The lowest values of soil salinity and sodicity were recorded far from the sea, while the highest values were recorded near the sea. It could be rendered to the effect of artesian pressure of saline ground water near the sea, where the highest value reached 20.25 dS/m in line 1 and the lowest value was observed in line 3. Sea water intrusion were calculated for the studied groundwater samples and followed the decending order of: line 3˃ line 2˃ line 1. On the other hand, appreciable quantities of residual sodium carbonate (RSC) were -1.51, -7.99 and -34.1 for irrigation, drainage and groundwater, respectively. The water samples having high RSC can have an appreciable sodicity hazard.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84814581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/JENVBS.2019.11933.1058
E. NegmM., Wael El Kallawy, A. G. Hefeina
This investigation was carried out in the lab of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha station, Kafrelsheikh, Filed Crops Research Institute Egypt, during 2017 and 2018 seasons, to study the inheritance of some germination and early seedling traits associated with salinity and drought tolerance. Eight rice genotypes namely; Sakha102, Sakha104, Sakha105, Sakha106, Giza178, A22, IRAT170, and WAB56-125 were evaluated under drought and salinity conditions. Significant genetic variation was found among rice cultivars for seedling vigor under salt and drought stress conditions. Thus, the selection for improved traits among these cultivars would be effective in all traits. The phenotypic coefficient variability (PCV %) was higher than genotypic coefficient variability (GCV %) for the all traits, indicating the existence of wide genetic variability among these genotypes. Under sever salt stress, A22 followed by WAB56-125 were the most tolerant rice genotypes which can be used for cultivation under salt stress conditions. Furthermore, Sakha104 was the best genotype under water deficit for most studied traits followed by IRAT170 and could use to improve the drought tolerance in breeding programs.
{"title":"Comprative study on rice germination and seedling growth under salinity and drought stresses","authors":"E. NegmM., Wael El Kallawy, A. G. Hefeina","doi":"10.21608/JENVBS.2019.11933.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/JENVBS.2019.11933.1058","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation was carried out in the lab of Rice Research and Training Center (RRTC), Sakha station, Kafrelsheikh, Filed Crops Research Institute Egypt, during 2017 and 2018 seasons, to study the inheritance of some germination and early seedling traits associated with salinity and drought tolerance. Eight rice genotypes namely; Sakha102, Sakha104, Sakha105, Sakha106, Giza178, A22, IRAT170, and WAB56-125 were evaluated under drought and salinity conditions. Significant genetic variation was found among rice cultivars for seedling vigor under salt and drought stress conditions. Thus, the selection for improved traits among these cultivars would be effective in all traits. The phenotypic coefficient variability (PCV %) was higher than genotypic coefficient variability (GCV %) for the all traits, indicating the existence of wide genetic variability among these genotypes. Under sever salt stress, A22 followed by WAB56-125 were the most tolerant rice genotypes which can be used for cultivation under salt stress conditions. Furthermore, Sakha104 was the best genotype under water deficit for most studied traits followed by IRAT170 and could use to improve the drought tolerance in breeding programs.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85502489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20947.1078
Heba Elbasiouny, F. Elbehiry
Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are micronutrients needed for organisms, however, they are heavy metals and may become toxic to the organisms when exceeding the allowable limit in the environment. Two soil types of marine and alluvial were sampled in the North Delta, Egypt. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed to investigate the availability and to evaluate ecological risk assessment and identify pollution sources. Cu and Zn were extracted from sol samples by DTPA-TEA. The higher content of Cu was recorded in alluvial soil, especially in the surface, while Zn concentrations in both soils didn’t differ with depth. Six indices were used in this study to evaluate the potential ecological risk of Cu and Zn in the examined soils. The results of these indices revealed that affecting Cu and Zn anthropogenically in some profiles of the studied soils. As well, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Cu and Zn in marine soils mainly originated from anthropogenic source, while this is true in alluvial soil in Zn only. Human and agricultural activities may be the main source of Cu and Zn especially fertilizers and pesticides, which indicates that there may be environmental threating by those metals in the study area in the future.
{"title":"Mobility and potential ecological risk assessment of copper and zinc in alluvial and marine soils in the North Nile Delta, Egypt.","authors":"Heba Elbasiouny, F. Elbehiry","doi":"10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20947.1078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/jenvbs.2019.20947.1078","url":null,"abstract":"Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) are micronutrients needed for organisms, however, they are heavy metals and may become toxic to the organisms when exceeding the allowable limit in the environment. Two soil types of marine and alluvial were sampled in the North Delta, Egypt. Copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed to investigate the availability and to evaluate ecological risk assessment and identify pollution sources. Cu and Zn were extracted from sol samples by DTPA-TEA. The higher content of Cu was recorded in alluvial soil, especially in the surface, while Zn concentrations in both soils didn’t differ with depth. Six indices were used in this study to evaluate the potential ecological risk of Cu and Zn in the examined soils. The results of these indices revealed that affecting Cu and Zn anthropogenically in some profiles of the studied soils. As well, the results of principal component analysis (PCA) showed that Cu and Zn in marine soils mainly originated from anthropogenic source, while this is true in alluvial soil in Zn only. Human and agricultural activities may be the main source of Cu and Zn especially fertilizers and pesticides, which indicates that there may be environmental threating by those metals in the study area in the future.","PeriodicalId":11727,"journal":{"name":"Environment, Biodiversity and Soil Security","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88873138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-01DOI: 10.21608/jenvbs.2019.7507.1051
Kholoud El-Naqme, R. El-Dissoky, M. Aiad
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