Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328503001
E. Artes, C. Düllmann, Carl-Christian Meyer, D. Renisch
Molecular plating is a well-established and widely used method for producing thin films of various elements, which are used in variety of nuclear physics applications. Sixty years have passed since the method was established, and some insights into the chemical process underlying the method and the composition of the thin films have been gained. A brief overview of what has been learned about molecular plating since its introduction and the methods applied in the characterization of molecular plated thin films is given here. Through various spectroscopic and microscopic methods, the process of molecular plating and the chemical composition are gradually being elucidated, albeit we still do not understand all aspects.
{"title":"The process of molecular plating and the characteristics of the produced thin films – What we have learned in 60 years and what is still unknown","authors":"E. Artes, C. Düllmann, Carl-Christian Meyer, D. Renisch","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328503001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328503001","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular plating is a well-established and widely used method for producing thin films of various elements, which are used in variety of nuclear physics applications. Sixty years have passed since the method was established, and some insights into the chemical process underlying the method and the composition of the thin films have been gained. A brief overview of what has been learned about molecular plating since its introduction and the methods applied in the characterization of molecular plated thin films is given here. Through various spectroscopic and microscopic methods, the process of molecular plating and the chemical composition are gradually being elucidated, albeit we still do not understand all aspects.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82378227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328408006
V. Fabrizio, N. Burgio, D. Castelluccio, L. Falconi, G. Grasso, F. Lodi, A. Mengoni, V. Peluso, R. Pergreffi, Alfonso Santagata, M. Sarotto
The increasing worldwide interest in Lead-cooled Fast Reactors (LFRs) substantiates the need to validate the analytical codes and methods used to support their design. For neutronic analyses, this is chiefly reflected in assessing the impact of nuclear data uncertainties on the integral and local parameters resulting from such analyses. The aim of refining nuclear data moves continuous efforts for more accurate measurements, be them differential or integral, for which adequate facilities are required. The availability at the ENEA's Casaccia research center of a fast source reactor – RSV TAPIRO – provides a unique opportunity to perform new integral experiments in support of fast reactors, including LFRs, owing to the well-characterized neutron spectrum of the thermal column. A series of experiments has been envisaged, dealing with the use of Lead in a reactor. The experiments concern the propagation of neutrons through blocks of materials representing relevant elements of a reactor core, and ranging from pure Lead to mixtures reproducing portions of the reflector and shield in LFRs. The paper is focused on the feasibility study of some of these experiments in which Lead and mixture blocks are inserted in the so-called thermal column of the RSV TAPIRO reactor and irradiated by the neutron flux emerging from the Copper reflector surrounding the reactor core.
{"title":"Neutrons propagation in Lead: A feasibility study for experiments in the RSV TAPIRO fast research reactor","authors":"V. Fabrizio, N. Burgio, D. Castelluccio, L. Falconi, G. Grasso, F. Lodi, A. Mengoni, V. Peluso, R. Pergreffi, Alfonso Santagata, M. Sarotto","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328408006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328408006","url":null,"abstract":"The increasing worldwide interest in Lead-cooled Fast Reactors (LFRs) substantiates the need to validate the analytical codes and methods used to support their design. For neutronic analyses, this is chiefly reflected in assessing the impact of nuclear data uncertainties on the integral and local parameters resulting from such analyses. The aim of refining nuclear data moves continuous efforts for more accurate measurements, be them differential or integral, for which adequate facilities are required. The availability at the ENEA's Casaccia research center of a fast source reactor – RSV TAPIRO – provides a unique opportunity to perform new integral experiments in support of fast reactors, including LFRs, owing to the well-characterized neutron spectrum of the thermal column. A series of experiments has been envisaged, dealing with the use of Lead in a reactor. The experiments concern the propagation of neutrons through blocks of materials representing relevant elements of a reactor core, and ranging from pure Lead to mixtures reproducing portions of the reflector and shield in LFRs. The paper is focused on the feasibility study of some of these experiments in which Lead and mixture blocks are inserted in the so-called thermal column of the RSV TAPIRO reactor and irradiated by the neutron flux emerging from the Copper reflector surrounding the reactor core.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78673713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327501005
M. Busso
I outline a few features of recent models for the formation of the neutron source 13C(α,n)16O in low mass stars (1 ≲ M/M⊙ ≲ 3, LMS ) ascendingfor the second time the Red Giant Branch, generally called Asymptotic Giant Branch, or AGB stars. I also briefly outline the nucleosynthesis results obtained trough them. The mentioned models consider the physical structure below the frequent downward extensions of the convective envelope into the He-intershell (the so-called third dredge-up or TDU episodes). There, the conditions are such that the occurrence of further mixing is strongly facilitated, due to the minimal temperature gradient. A way to induce proton mixing from the envelope (certainly not the only one) arises whenever the ambient magnetic fields expected for LMS promote the buoyancy of strongly magnetized flux tubes. I review some characteristics of the ensuing mixing episodes, mentioning how different hydrodynamical processes might yield similar effects, thus encouraging stellar physicists to verify in more detail this possibility.
{"title":"Magnetic and non-magnetic AGB mixing for s-processing","authors":"M. Busso","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202327501005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202327501005","url":null,"abstract":"I outline a few features of recent models for the formation of the neutron source 13C(α,n)16O in low mass stars (1 ≲ M/M⊙ ≲ 3, LMS ) ascendingfor the second time the Red Giant Branch, generally called Asymptotic Giant Branch, or AGB stars. I also briefly outline the nucleosynthesis results obtained trough them. The mentioned models consider the physical structure below the frequent downward extensions of the convective envelope into the He-intershell (the so-called third dredge-up or TDU episodes). There, the conditions are such that the occurrence of further mixing is strongly facilitated, due to the minimal temperature gradient. A way to induce proton mixing from the envelope (certainly not the only one) arises whenever the ambient magnetic fields expected for LMS promote the buoyancy of strongly magnetized flux tubes. I review some characteristics of the ensuing mixing episodes, mentioning how different hydrodynamical processes might yield similar effects, thus encouraging stellar physicists to verify in more detail this possibility.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76452275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328417002
G. Noguere, S. Xu, L. Desgrange, J. Boucher, E. Bourasseau, G. Carlot, A. Filhol, J. Ollivier, T. Hansen, V. Nassif, I. Ouente Orench, C. Colin, L. Laversenne, J. Zanotti, Q. Berrod
The thermal scattering laws (TSL) take into account the crystalline structure and atomic motions of isotopes bound in materials. This paper presents the CINEL code, which was developed to generate temperature-dependent TSL for solid, liquid and free gas materials of interest for nuclear reactors. CINEL is able to calculate TSL from the phonon density of states (PDOS) of materials under the Gaussian-Incoherent approximations. The PDOS can be obtained by using theoretical approaches (e.g., ab initio density functional theory and molecular dynamics) or experimental results. In this work, the PDOS presented in the ENDF/BVIII.0 and NJOY-NCrystal libraries were used for numerical validation purposes. The CINEL results are in good agreement with those reported in these databases, even in the specific cases of TSL with the newly mixed elastic format. The coding flexibility offered by Python using the JupyterLab interface allowed to investigate limits of physical models reported in the literature, such as a four-site model for UO2, anharmonic behaviors of oxygen atoms bound in a Fm3m structure, texture in Zry4 samples and jump corrections in a roto-translational diffusion model for liquid water. The use of graphic processing units (GPU) is a necessity to perform calculations in a few minutes. The performances of the CINEL code is illustrated with the results obtained on actinide oxides having a Fm3m structure (UO2, ThO2, NpO2 and PuO2), low enriched fuel (UMo), cladding (Zry4) and moderators (H2O with a specific emphasis on ice).
{"title":"Generation of thermal scattering laws with the CINEL code","authors":"G. Noguere, S. Xu, L. Desgrange, J. Boucher, E. Bourasseau, G. Carlot, A. Filhol, J. Ollivier, T. Hansen, V. Nassif, I. Ouente Orench, C. Colin, L. Laversenne, J. Zanotti, Q. Berrod","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328417002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328417002","url":null,"abstract":"The thermal scattering laws (TSL) take into account the crystalline structure and atomic motions of isotopes bound in materials. This paper presents the CINEL code, which was developed to generate temperature-dependent TSL for solid, liquid and free gas materials of interest for nuclear reactors. CINEL is able to calculate TSL from the phonon density of states (PDOS) of materials under the Gaussian-Incoherent approximations. The PDOS can be obtained by using theoretical approaches (e.g., ab initio density functional theory and molecular dynamics) or experimental results. In this work, the PDOS presented in the ENDF/BVIII.0 and NJOY-NCrystal libraries were used for numerical validation purposes. The CINEL results are in good agreement with those reported in these databases, even in the specific cases of TSL with the newly mixed elastic format. The coding flexibility offered by Python using the JupyterLab interface allowed to investigate limits of physical models reported in the literature, such as a four-site model for UO2, anharmonic behaviors of oxygen atoms bound in a Fm3m structure, texture in Zry4 samples and jump corrections in a roto-translational diffusion model for liquid water. The use of graphic processing units (GPU) is a necessity to perform calculations in a few minutes. The performances of the CINEL code is illustrated with the results obtained on actinide oxides having a Fm3m structure (UO2, ThO2, NpO2 and PuO2), low enriched fuel (UMo), cladding (Zry4) and moderators (H2O with a specific emphasis on ice).","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82917680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328404024
A. Tudora, D. Filipescu, I. Gheorghe
The processing of experimental data for the photon induced reactions on 238U and 232Th investigated by quasi-monochromatic γ-ray beams (produced in Laser Compton scattering at the NewSUBARU facility) needs the prediction of prompt neutron spectra. They are obtained using reliable models and systematics, i.e. the most employed and well validated approach of the most probable fragmentation with input parameters provided by a recent systematic and fission chance probabilities based on nuclear reaction calculations performed with the EMPIRE code.
{"title":"Prediction of prompt neutron spectra of the photon induced reactions on 238U and 232Th targets at incident energies from 4 to 22 MeV","authors":"A. Tudora, D. Filipescu, I. Gheorghe","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328404024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328404024","url":null,"abstract":"The processing of experimental data for the photon induced reactions on 238U and 232Th investigated by quasi-monochromatic γ-ray beams (produced in Laser Compton scattering at the NewSUBARU facility) needs the prediction of prompt neutron spectra. They are obtained using reliable models and systematics, i.e. the most employed and well validated approach of the most probable fragmentation with input parameters provided by a recent systematic and fission chance probabilities based on nuclear reaction calculations performed with the EMPIRE code.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90118836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328502002
S. Vestrick, P. Brand, D. Bonaventura, Hanna Eick, C. Mannweiler, A. Khoukaz
For high precision storage ring experiments as the future P̅ANDA experiment, very sophisticated internal targets have to be used. For this purpose, a state-of-the-art cluster-jet target was developed at the University Münster. Basically, hydrogen is cooled to cryogenic temperatures and pressed through a specially shaped Laval nozzle to form a cluster-jet expanding into vacuum. Due to the stability and large mass of the clusters, a practically undisturbed flight path in vacuum of above 5 m is possible, leading to manifold possible applications, including the interaction with a storage ring beam at a distance of 2.25 m as desired for the P̅ANDA experiment. With a first prototype target, the “proof-of-principle” was delivered, and after first improvements the world record in target thickness in such large distance to the nozzle was measured. Based on this work, the final P̅ANDA cluster-jet target was developed and built up, and is presented in this article.
{"title":"The Münster cluster-jet target for the future P̅ANDA experiment","authors":"S. Vestrick, P. Brand, D. Bonaventura, Hanna Eick, C. Mannweiler, A. Khoukaz","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328502002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328502002","url":null,"abstract":"For high precision storage ring experiments as the future P̅ANDA experiment, very sophisticated internal targets have to be used. For this purpose, a state-of-the-art cluster-jet target was developed at the University Münster. Basically, hydrogen is cooled to cryogenic temperatures and pressed through a specially shaped Laval nozzle to form a cluster-jet expanding into vacuum. Due to the stability and large mass of the clusters, a practically undisturbed flight path in vacuum of above 5 m is possible, leading to manifold possible applications, including the interaction with a storage ring beam at a distance of 2.25 m as desired for the P̅ANDA experiment. With a first prototype target, the “proof-of-principle” was delivered, and after first improvements the world record in target thickness in such large distance to the nozzle was measured. Based on this work, the final P̅ANDA cluster-jet target was developed and built up, and is presented in this article.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80698529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327704007
Weiye Xu, Handong Xu, Jian Zhang, Fei Guo, Haozhang Sun
Four diode-type gyrotrons are used in the EAST ECRH system now. The anode is one of the main components of the gyrotron. We can control the output power of the gyrotron by changing the anode voltage. An anode voltage control system for ASIPP anode power supplies was developed based on the ethernet CompactDAQ chassis NI-cDAQ-9185. The anode voltage can be controlled up to 30 kV, and the maximum current is 100 mA. The maximum modulation frequency is 5 kHz at a 50% duty cycle.
{"title":"Gyrotron anode voltage control in EAST ECRH system","authors":"Weiye Xu, Handong Xu, Jian Zhang, Fei Guo, Haozhang Sun","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202327704007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202327704007","url":null,"abstract":"Four diode-type gyrotrons are used in the EAST ECRH system now. The anode is one of the main components of the gyrotron. We can control the output power of the gyrotron by changing the anode voltage. An anode voltage control system for ASIPP anode power supplies was developed based on the ethernet CompactDAQ chassis NI-cDAQ-9185. The anode voltage can be controlled up to 30 kV, and the maximum current is 100 mA. The maximum modulation frequency is 5 kHz at a 50% duty cycle.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"116 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79622716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327606001
C. Ko
A brief review of some topics in hadron production from heavy ion collisions is given. They include charged pion ratio as a probe of nuclear symmetry energy, in-medium effects on pion production, en- hanced Λc/D0 ratio, Λ local polarization, and X(3872) production.
{"title":"Hadron production from heavy ion collisions","authors":"C. Ko","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202327606001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202327606001","url":null,"abstract":"A brief review of some topics in hadron production from heavy ion collisions is given. They include charged pion ratio as a probe of nuclear symmetry energy, in-medium effects on pion production, en- hanced Λc/D0 ratio, Λ local polarization, and X(3872) production.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83484386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202327703010
S. Danani, Sheetal Punia, R.A.V. Kumar, H. Pandya, Vinay Kumar
The Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostic has a primary role in the measurement of electron temperature profile and electron temperature fluctuations in ITER. This diagnostic shall be exposed to significant power due to unabsorbed Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) power in the plasma. The expected stray power loads could be a few tens of watts, and therefore, the protection of millimetre wave components is one of the design challenges of ITER ECE diagnostic. This protection system includes sensors, a band stop notch filter, and a shutter to stop the RF stray radiation from being incident on the sensitive components. The sensors will be positioned along the ECE transmission line, and shall be used for real-time power monitoring of the stray radiation. Here, we describe a novel design of a sensor for monitoring the stray radiation power. This sensor is a Schottky Diode rectenna, known for high-power and high-speed millimetre wave detection capability. It consists of a 2x2 microstrip patch antenna array, a matching circuit, a diode, and a low pass filter. The antenna array is designed analytically and optimized in CST Microwave Studio, for wide reception angle, high gain, and low side lobe levels. Furthermore, the rectifying circuit is optimized using Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software to get better rectification and impedance matching of the signal, thereby improving its detection sensitivity. The ADS simulation results show that the detection sensitivity is about 1000V/W for input power of -30 dBm at 170 GHz, thereby achieving the required performance of the sensor.
{"title":"Design of Stray Radiation Sensor for ITER ECE Diagnostic","authors":"S. Danani, Sheetal Punia, R.A.V. Kumar, H. Pandya, Vinay Kumar","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202327703010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202327703010","url":null,"abstract":"The Electron Cyclotron Emission (ECE) diagnostic has a primary role in the measurement of electron temperature profile and electron temperature fluctuations in ITER. This diagnostic shall be exposed to significant power due to unabsorbed Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) power in the plasma. The expected stray power loads could be a few tens of watts, and therefore, the protection of millimetre wave components is one of the design challenges of ITER ECE diagnostic. This protection system includes sensors, a band stop notch filter, and a shutter to stop the RF stray radiation from being incident on the sensitive components. The sensors will be positioned along the ECE transmission line, and shall be used for real-time power monitoring of the stray radiation. Here, we describe a novel design of a sensor for monitoring the stray radiation power. This sensor is a Schottky Diode rectenna, known for high-power and high-speed millimetre wave detection capability. It consists of a 2x2 microstrip patch antenna array, a matching circuit, a diode, and a low pass filter. The antenna array is designed analytically and optimized in CST Microwave Studio, for wide reception angle, high gain, and low side lobe levels. Furthermore, the rectifying circuit is optimized using Agilent Advanced Design System (ADS) software to get better rectification and impedance matching of the signal, thereby improving its detection sensitivity. The ADS simulation results show that the detection sensitivity is about 1000V/W for input power of -30 dBm at 170 GHz, thereby achieving the required performance of the sensor.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88778442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.1051/epjconf/202328401038
V. Semkova, A. Demerdjiev, A. Moens, N. Otuka, A. Plompen, D. Tonev
Results of new activation cross-section measurements for production of 178m1Hf (T1/2 = 4.0 s) and 179m1Hf (T1/2 = 18.67 s) are presented for the following reactions: 178Hf(n,n´)178m1Hf, 179Hf(n,2n)178m1Hf, 180Hf(n,3n)178m1Hf, 179Hf(n,n´)179m1Hf, and 180Hf(n,2n)179m1Hf. The irradiations were carried out at the 7-MV Van de Graaff accelerator at EC-JRC, Geel. Neutrons in the 1-3 MeV energy range were produced via the 3H(p,n)3He reaction. Deuteron beam and a deuterium gas target were used to produce 5 and 6 MeV neutrons. For the production of quasi-monoenergetic neutrons between 16 and 19.5 MeV the 3H(d,n)4He reactions was employed. Both samples with natural composition and isotopic enrichment were employed to differentiate reactions leading to the same product. An automated pneumatic system was used for the sample irradiation, transport and radioactivity measurements. The radioactivity of the samples was determined by standard gamma-spectrometry using HPGe detector. The results obtained in the present work are compared with the data from other authors and TENDL-2017 evaluation.
给出了178Hf(n,n´)178m1Hf、179Hf(n,2n)178m1Hf、180Hf(n,3n)178m1Hf、179Hf(n,n´)179m1Hf、180Hf(n, n´)179m1Hf和180Hf(n,2n)179m1Hf的新活化截面测量结果(T1/2 = 4.0 s)和179m1Hf (T1/2 = 18.67 s)。辐照是在Geel EC-JRC的7 mv Van de Graaff加速器上进行的。通过3H(p,n)3He反应产生1-3 MeV能量范围内的中子。氘核束和氘气体靶被用来产生5和6兆电子伏特的中子。对于16 ~ 19.5 MeV的准单能中子，采用3H(d,n)4He反应。这两种样品都具有天然组成和同位素富集，被用来区分导致相同产物的反应。采用自动化气动系统对样品进行辐照、输送和放射性测量。样品的放射性用HPGe探测器用标准伽马能谱法测定。将所得结果与其他作者的数据和TENDL-2017评估进行了比较。
{"title":"Activation cross-sections for short-lived reaction products on hafnium isotopes induced by 1 – 20 MeV neutrons","authors":"V. Semkova, A. Demerdjiev, A. Moens, N. Otuka, A. Plompen, D. Tonev","doi":"10.1051/epjconf/202328401038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/202328401038","url":null,"abstract":"Results of new activation cross-section measurements for production of 178m1Hf (T1/2 = 4.0 s) and 179m1Hf (T1/2 = 18.67 s) are presented for the following reactions: 178Hf(n,n´)178m1Hf, 179Hf(n,2n)178m1Hf, 180Hf(n,3n)178m1Hf, 179Hf(n,n´)179m1Hf, and 180Hf(n,2n)179m1Hf. The irradiations were carried out at the 7-MV Van de Graaff accelerator at EC-JRC, Geel. Neutrons in the 1-3 MeV energy range were produced via the 3H(p,n)3He reaction. Deuteron beam and a deuterium gas target were used to produce 5 and 6 MeV neutrons. For the production of quasi-monoenergetic neutrons between 16 and 19.5 MeV the 3H(d,n)4He reactions was employed. Both samples with natural composition and isotopic enrichment were employed to differentiate reactions leading to the same product. An automated pneumatic system was used for the sample irradiation, transport and radioactivity measurements. The radioactivity of the samples was determined by standard gamma-spectrometry using HPGe detector. The results obtained in the present work are compared with the data from other authors and TENDL-2017 evaluation.","PeriodicalId":11731,"journal":{"name":"EPJ Web of Conferences","volume":"47 40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80626271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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