Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817217
Alexandru-Toma Andrei, O. Grigore
The forest is called the green lung of the planet. Unfortunately, this sentence is forgotten day by day and various types of pollution do not help on this matter, especially the one that affects it directly - deforestation. To slow down this phenomenon, it can be used the technological advancements in the recent years in conjunction with machine learning techniques. This paper proposes a method for this matter, by applying an agglomerative clustering algorithm to a set of aerial images and analyzing different methods of metrics and linkage in the process, to monitor deforested areas. The study showed that Ward's method of the AGNES algorithm had the best results, even better than a previous k-means approach implemented on the same dataset.
{"title":"Combating Deforestation Using Different AGNES Approaches","authors":"Alexandru-Toma Andrei, O. Grigore","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817217","url":null,"abstract":"The forest is called the green lung of the planet. Unfortunately, this sentence is forgotten day by day and various types of pollution do not help on this matter, especially the one that affects it directly - deforestation. To slow down this phenomenon, it can be used the technological advancements in the recent years in conjunction with machine learning techniques. This paper proposes a method for this matter, by applying an agglomerative clustering algorithm to a set of aerial images and analyzing different methods of metrics and linkage in the process, to monitor deforested areas. The study showed that Ward's method of the AGNES algorithm had the best results, even better than a previous k-means approach implemented on the same dataset.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817275
Mircea Nicolaescu, V. Croitoru, L. Tuta
The paper analyzes the parameters of a microstrip differential pair using full wave electromagnetic method. The analysis is made in the frequency domain and covers the frequency span from 0.5 GHz to 50 GHz. The substrate employed is Rogers 4003 C. The results are intended to be used in electromagnetic compatibility of high speed PCBs. The dependencies of the reflection and transmission parameters on the separation between the two lines as well as the variations of the differential and common characteristic impedances are analyzed.
{"title":"Microstrip Differential Pair Full Wave Electromagnetic Analysis","authors":"Mircea Nicolaescu, V. Croitoru, L. Tuta","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817275","url":null,"abstract":"The paper analyzes the parameters of a microstrip differential pair using full wave electromagnetic method. The analysis is made in the frequency domain and covers the frequency span from 0.5 GHz to 50 GHz. The substrate employed is Rogers 4003 C. The results are intended to be used in electromagnetic compatibility of high speed PCBs. The dependencies of the reflection and transmission parameters on the separation between the two lines as well as the variations of the differential and common characteristic impedances are analyzed.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"10 4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123465852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817170
R. Trestian, Edoardo Celeste, G. Xie, P. Lohar, Malika Bendechache, Rob Brennan, Irina Tal
The advent of digital technologies used as a mechanism to deal with the Covid-19 global pandemic, has raised serious concerns around privacy and security issues. Despite these concerns and the potential risk of data misuse, including third party use, countries around the world have pushed the use and proliferation of contact-tracing applications. However, the success of these contact-tracing applications relies on their adoption and use. A well known phenomenon referred to as privacy paradox is defined as the discrepancy between the expressed privacy concern and the actual behaviour of users when it comes to protect their privacy. In this context, this paper presents a study investigating the privacy paradox in the context of a global pandemic. A national survey has been conducted and the data is analysed to examine people's privacy risk perception. The results show inconsistencies between people's privacy concerns and their actual behaviour that is reflected in their attitude shift of sharing their mobile data during a global pandemic. The study also compiles a list of recommendations for policymakers.
{"title":"The Privacy Paradox - Investigating People's Attitude Towards Privacy in a Time of COVID-19","authors":"R. Trestian, Edoardo Celeste, G. Xie, P. Lohar, Malika Bendechache, Rob Brennan, Irina Tal","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817170","url":null,"abstract":"The advent of digital technologies used as a mechanism to deal with the Covid-19 global pandemic, has raised serious concerns around privacy and security issues. Despite these concerns and the potential risk of data misuse, including third party use, countries around the world have pushed the use and proliferation of contact-tracing applications. However, the success of these contact-tracing applications relies on their adoption and use. A well known phenomenon referred to as privacy paradox is defined as the discrepancy between the expressed privacy concern and the actual behaviour of users when it comes to protect their privacy. In this context, this paper presents a study investigating the privacy paradox in the context of a global pandemic. A national survey has been conducted and the data is analysed to examine people's privacy risk perception. The results show inconsistencies between people's privacy concerns and their actual behaviour that is reflected in their attitude shift of sharing their mobile data during a global pandemic. The study also compiles a list of recommendations for policymakers.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127021931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817312
R. Lazar, C. Caruntu, Cristian Patachia-Sultanoiu
This paper proposes an evaluation of the performance of 5G communication between a user equipment (UE), which can be a car, and a 5G base station (gNB), under the influence of different numbers of UEs connected to that base station. There are two approaches to this communication evaluation: i) simulated mode, using Simu5G, which is a simulator for 5G New Radio (NR) networks; ii) a practical way using a hardware setup defined on the basis of a SIM8200EA-M2 module in order to test a real-life scenario. Various performance indicators are tracked and also compared, such as Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and End-to-End (E2E) Delay in order to analyze the effect of network load on 5G communication between the UE and gNB.
{"title":"Simulated and practical approach to assess the reliability of the 5G communications for the Uu interface","authors":"R. Lazar, C. Caruntu, Cristian Patachia-Sultanoiu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817312","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes an evaluation of the performance of 5G communication between a user equipment (UE), which can be a car, and a 5G base station (gNB), under the influence of different numbers of UEs connected to that base station. There are two approaches to this communication evaluation: i) simulated mode, using Simu5G, which is a simulator for 5G New Radio (NR) networks; ii) a practical way using a hardware setup defined on the basis of a SIM8200EA-M2 module in order to test a real-life scenario. Various performance indicators are tracked and also compared, such as Signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR), Channel Quality Indicator (CQI), and End-to-End (E2E) Delay in order to analyze the effect of network load on 5G communication between the UE and gNB.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126498782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817250
R. Preda, R. Dobre, R. Badea
Visible Light Communication using modulated LED lighting infrastructure as transmitters and optical cameras as receivers has a lot of new and useful applications as an alternative way of transmitting data for road traffic signaling, navigation inside large buildings, etc. This paper provides extensive and exhaustive simulations to test the functionality and performances of an indoor navigation system based on Optical Camera Communication developed by the authors, by considering the avoidance of light flickering at the emitter and the real-world capture conditions of smartphone cameras used as receivers. The experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve good decoding results in real-word scenarios, even in the presence of camera frame rate errors and independent on the moment the capturing device starts the decoding process.
{"title":"Performance Evaluation of a Visible Light Communication System for Indoor Navigation","authors":"R. Preda, R. Dobre, R. Badea","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817250","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817250","url":null,"abstract":"Visible Light Communication using modulated LED lighting infrastructure as transmitters and optical cameras as receivers has a lot of new and useful applications as an alternative way of transmitting data for road traffic signaling, navigation inside large buildings, etc. This paper provides extensive and exhaustive simulations to test the functionality and performances of an indoor navigation system based on Optical Camera Communication developed by the authors, by considering the avoidance of light flickering at the emitter and the real-world capture conditions of smartphone cameras used as receivers. The experimental results show that the proposed system can achieve good decoding results in real-word scenarios, even in the presence of camera frame rate errors and independent on the moment the capturing device starts the decoding process.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133926129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817314
Florin-Lucian Chiper, Alexandru Martian, Daniel-Ionut Muscalu, C. Vladeanu, I. Marghescu
With the ever-increasing number of commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (U A V) or drones, the necessity of designing and implementing systems that are able to provide protection against related security threats became a critical issue. Many agencies and governmental institutions started to develop anti-drone solutions using different approaches. In this paper, a review of mobile drone defense systems (DDS) is made, and an aerial DDS based on software defined radio (SDR) platforms is proposed. The proposed DDS is described from both hardware and software points of view. The three functions that are implemented: detection, localization and defense are detailed.
{"title":"Aerial Drone Defense System based on Software Defined Radio Platforms","authors":"Florin-Lucian Chiper, Alexandru Martian, Daniel-Ionut Muscalu, C. Vladeanu, I. Marghescu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817314","url":null,"abstract":"With the ever-increasing number of commercial unmanned aerial vehicles (U A V) or drones, the necessity of designing and implementing systems that are able to provide protection against related security threats became a critical issue. Many agencies and governmental institutions started to develop anti-drone solutions using different approaches. In this paper, a review of mobile drone defense systems (DDS) is made, and an aerial DDS based on software defined radio (SDR) platforms is proposed. The proposed DDS is described from both hardware and software points of view. The three functions that are implemented: detection, localization and defense are detailed.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133942030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817268
O. Ungureanu, C. Vladeanu
Due to the ever-growing market needs and extension to different industries, the design of the 5G Next Generation (5G NextGen) Core is on the verge to evolve towards a service-based architecture. Therefore, this paper presents a novel approach to run the 5G NextGen Core Functions as Cloud-Native applications that can be easily scaled on demand to match the constraints of different verticals. In our setup, we employ the Open5GS open-source tool that runs in containers orchestrated by Kubernetes while we simulate consequent PDU session establishment requests using the UERANSIM emulator. Hence, we deploy a service mesh solution that reveals real-time inter-service communication in terms of traffic distribution, requests duration and throughput among all 5G core services.
{"title":"Leveraging the cloud-native approach for the design of 5G NextGen Core Functions","authors":"O. Ungureanu, C. Vladeanu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817268","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the ever-growing market needs and extension to different industries, the design of the 5G Next Generation (5G NextGen) Core is on the verge to evolve towards a service-based architecture. Therefore, this paper presents a novel approach to run the 5G NextGen Core Functions as Cloud-Native applications that can be easily scaled on demand to match the constraints of different verticals. In our setup, we employ the Open5GS open-source tool that runs in containers orchestrated by Kubernetes while we simulate consequent PDU session establishment requests using the UERANSIM emulator. Hence, we deploy a service mesh solution that reveals real-time inter-service communication in terms of traffic distribution, requests duration and throughput among all 5G core services.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124292084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817335
Sabin Belu, D. Coltuc
We propose a novel method to decode canonical Huffman codes specifically designed to decode multiple symbols in one decoding cycle. The encoding method used is the classic canonical Huffman encoding. Our decoding method is specifically designed for speed and provides big throughput of decoding data; within our tests, we have achieved a decompression output of more than 2.1GiB/s when decompressing highly redundant data. Our method holds minimal storage requirements for decoding tables while still operating at very high speeds. We will also show that for limited-length canonical Huffman codewords that extend up to 12 bits, the memory size and construction times of the decoding tables are negligible.
{"title":"Fast Canonical Huffman Decoder","authors":"Sabin Belu, D. Coltuc","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817335","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a novel method to decode canonical Huffman codes specifically designed to decode multiple symbols in one decoding cycle. The encoding method used is the classic canonical Huffman encoding. Our decoding method is specifically designed for speed and provides big throughput of decoding data; within our tests, we have achieved a decompression output of more than 2.1GiB/s when decompressing highly redundant data. Our method holds minimal storage requirements for decoding tables while still operating at very high speeds. We will also show that for limited-length canonical Huffman codewords that extend up to 12 bits, the memory size and construction times of the decoding tables are negligible.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121333048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817317
Dominic-Gabriel Cheroiu, Mircea Răducanu, C. Niţu
This paper presents an efficient encryption algorithm based on 3 chaotic systems. Initially, the Bogdanov chaotic system is used to scramble the original image, in order to complicate the cryptanalysis of the cipher, followed by a number of iterations of encryption with tent map. The parameters of each iteration of the tent map encryption are generated by the chaotic logistic map transformation after going through the transient regime (entering stationarity). The key of the algorithm is composed of the individual keys of each chaotic transformation.
{"title":"Fast Image Encryption Algorithm Based on Multiple Chaotic Maps","authors":"Dominic-Gabriel Cheroiu, Mircea Răducanu, C. Niţu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817317","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817317","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an efficient encryption algorithm based on 3 chaotic systems. Initially, the Bogdanov chaotic system is used to scramble the original image, in order to complicate the cryptanalysis of the cipher, followed by a number of iterations of encryption with tent map. The parameters of each iteration of the tent map encryption are generated by the chaotic logistic map transformation after going through the transient regime (entering stationarity). The key of the algorithm is composed of the individual keys of each chaotic transformation.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"147 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116909417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817332
Stefania Loredana Nita, M. Mihailescu
In recent years, more and more devices, such as smart mobile devices, smart tags, sensors, or chips have been connected to the Internet. All these devices are part of the Internet of Things, a technology that has experienced rapid development, along with technologies such as cloud computing or big data. In this paper we propose a system for monitoring fuel consumption for a fleet of locomotives, using Raspberry Pi devices to which sensors are connected, in the context of the Internet of Things. We also emphasize the authentication of Raspberry Pi devices inside the system and present how data consumption data are transmitted between the components of the system.
{"title":"Fuel Monitoring System based on IoT: Overview and Device Authentication","authors":"Stefania Loredana Nita, M. Mihailescu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817332","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817332","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, more and more devices, such as smart mobile devices, smart tags, sensors, or chips have been connected to the Internet. All these devices are part of the Internet of Things, a technology that has experienced rapid development, along with technologies such as cloud computing or big data. In this paper we propose a system for monitoring fuel consumption for a fleet of locomotives, using Raspberry Pi devices to which sensors are connected, in the context of the Internet of Things. We also emphasize the authentication of Raspberry Pi devices inside the system and present how data consumption data are transmitted between the components of the system.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115014961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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