Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817257
J. Benesty, Laura-Maria Dogariu, C. Paleologu, S. Ciochină
The identification of acoustic linear systems is a critical issue in numerous applications related to acoustic en-vironments. A major difficulty that arises in this context is the long length of impulse responses. In this paper, we present an efficient method to address this issue, using the nearest Kronecker product decomposition of the impulse response, along with low-rank approximations, which can be further improved by using a proper permutation matrix. As a result, we develop an iterative Wiener filter using this method, with superior performances with respect to the conventional Wiener filter, especially in the case with small amount of data available for the estimation of the required statistics. Simulations performed in the context of stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation support the advantages of the proposed solution.
{"title":"Efficient Identification of Acoustic Linear Systems","authors":"J. Benesty, Laura-Maria Dogariu, C. Paleologu, S. Ciochină","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817257","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817257","url":null,"abstract":"The identification of acoustic linear systems is a critical issue in numerous applications related to acoustic en-vironments. A major difficulty that arises in this context is the long length of impulse responses. In this paper, we present an efficient method to address this issue, using the nearest Kronecker product decomposition of the impulse response, along with low-rank approximations, which can be further improved by using a proper permutation matrix. As a result, we develop an iterative Wiener filter using this method, with superior performances with respect to the conventional Wiener filter, especially in the case with small amount of data available for the estimation of the required statistics. Simulations performed in the context of stereophonic acoustic echo cancellation support the advantages of the proposed solution.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122003940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817227
C. Contu, Andra Ciobanu, E. Borcoci, Marius Constantin Vochin, F. Li
Network slicing is an emerging concept that can provide parallel virtual networks (slices) as dedicated solutions for various tenants. Slices can be built based on the infrastructure with the same hardware, but they are logically isolated from the viewpoint of service provisioning and security. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) plays an essential role in a sliced system by providing the softwarization of the network functions. Powerful orchestration and management functions are important in order to construct run and adapt the complex NFV framework to satisfying the needs of tenants. One popular orchestrator is Open Source MANO project that provides a software stack for orchestration. In this paper, an automated solution to make the process of slice creation with this orchestrator is proposed. The automation platform is developed by using React, a widely used JavaScript framework.
网络切片是一个新兴的概念，它可以为各种租户提供并行虚拟网络(切片)作为专用解决方案。可以基于使用相同硬件的基础设施构建片，但是从服务供应和安全性的角度来看，它们在逻辑上是隔离的。网络功能虚拟化(Network Function Virtualization, NFV)通过将网络功能软件化，在切片系统中起着至关重要的作用。为了构建、运行和调整复杂的NFV框架以满足租户的需求，强大的编排和管理功能非常重要。一个流行的编排器是开源MANO项目，它提供了一个用于编排的软件堆栈。本文提出了一种利用该协调器实现切片创建过程的自动化解决方案。自动化平台是使用React开发的，React是一个广泛使用的JavaScript框架。
{"title":"An Automation Platform for Slice Creation using Open Source MANO","authors":"C. Contu, Andra Ciobanu, E. Borcoci, Marius Constantin Vochin, F. Li","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817227","url":null,"abstract":"Network slicing is an emerging concept that can provide parallel virtual networks (slices) as dedicated solutions for various tenants. Slices can be built based on the infrastructure with the same hardware, but they are logically isolated from the viewpoint of service provisioning and security. Network Function Virtualization (NFV) plays an essential role in a sliced system by providing the softwarization of the network functions. Powerful orchestration and management functions are important in order to construct run and adapt the complex NFV framework to satisfying the needs of tenants. One popular orchestrator is Open Source MANO project that provides a software stack for orchestration. In this paper, an automated solution to make the process of slice creation with this orchestrator is proposed. The automation platform is developed by using React, a widely used JavaScript framework.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132409053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817302
Ekaterina Svertoka, I. Marghescu, Alexandru Rusu-Casandra, Radim Burget, Jiri Hosek, Pavel Mašek, A. Ometov
Modern outdoor localization is commonly dependent on various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs). On the other hand, they are known to be power-hungry and not suitable for resource-constrained devices currently flooding the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Nonetheless, some of those devices may be equipped with Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) communication chip that could be utilized for positioning. Current work examines two outdoor datasets collected using LoRa Wan in Brno, Czech Republic, to assess the possibility of applying technology for localization solutions for industrial outdoor scenarios. The main localization approach applied in this is work is k-NN fingerprinting. For the first dataset gathered over the whole city, the minimal mean localization error turned out to be not stable, while accuracy for the second one covering a small rectangular area 8.5×70 m is 6.42 m that sounds promising in terms of LoRaWAN-based localization. Moreover, by analyzing data collected in two independent measurements campaigns, this work provides some derivations related to the accuracy dependencies on parameters of the measurement campaign (gateways (G W s), coverage area, the average distance between measurement points). It makes a step towards comparing the results of published papers in this area obtained for different datasets.
{"title":"Evaluation of Real-Life LoRaWAN Localization: Accuracy Dependencies Analysis Based on Outdoor Measurement Datasets","authors":"Ekaterina Svertoka, I. Marghescu, Alexandru Rusu-Casandra, Radim Burget, Jiri Hosek, Pavel Mašek, A. Ometov","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817302","url":null,"abstract":"Modern outdoor localization is commonly dependent on various Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSSs). On the other hand, they are known to be power-hungry and not suitable for resource-constrained devices currently flooding the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT). Nonetheless, some of those devices may be equipped with Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) communication chip that could be utilized for positioning. Current work examines two outdoor datasets collected using LoRa Wan in Brno, Czech Republic, to assess the possibility of applying technology for localization solutions for industrial outdoor scenarios. The main localization approach applied in this is work is k-NN fingerprinting. For the first dataset gathered over the whole city, the minimal mean localization error turned out to be not stable, while accuracy for the second one covering a small rectangular area 8.5×70 m is 6.42 m that sounds promising in terms of LoRaWAN-based localization. Moreover, by analyzing data collected in two independent measurements campaigns, this work provides some derivations related to the accuracy dependencies on parameters of the measurement campaign (gateways (G W s), coverage area, the average distance between measurement points). It makes a step towards comparing the results of published papers in this area obtained for different datasets.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133705804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817209
L. Tuta, G. Roșu, Cristina Popovici, I. Nicolaescu
The paper proposes a real-time processing system for multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The processing algorithm is based on independent component analysis. The algorithm is initially tested and simulated offline for functionality and performance verification. A Simulink discrete real-time design is then modeled based on the processing algorithm. Finally, we discuss some of the systems limitations as well as several options for translating the designed Simulink model to a real-time processing system.
{"title":"Real- Time EEG Data Processing Using Independent Component Analysis (ICA)","authors":"L. Tuta, G. Roșu, Cristina Popovici, I. Nicolaescu","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817209","url":null,"abstract":"The paper proposes a real-time processing system for multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. The processing algorithm is based on independent component analysis. The algorithm is initially tested and simulated offline for functionality and performance verification. A Simulink discrete real-time design is then modeled based on the processing algorithm. Finally, we discuss some of the systems limitations as well as several options for translating the designed Simulink model to a real-time processing system.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114167211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817214
Andrei-Marius Avram, M. Nichita, Razvan Bartusica, Madalin Mihai
Publicly available speech datasets for Romanian are still scarce, being far from enough for obtaining state-of-the-art performance with modern deep neural networks. As a response to this issue, during the development of an internal automatic speech recognition system for the national emergency call center, we have created the Romanian Speech Alert Corpus, a new Romanian speech corpus that was obtained by crowd-sourcing the reading of sentences in our institution. This paper describes the data acquisition process, several statistics about the resulted corpus and the algorithm we employed for removing the inadequate recordings.
{"title":"RoSAC: A Speech Corpus for Transcribing Romanian Emergency Calls","authors":"Andrei-Marius Avram, M. Nichita, Razvan Bartusica, Madalin Mihai","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817214","url":null,"abstract":"Publicly available speech datasets for Romanian are still scarce, being far from enough for obtaining state-of-the-art performance with modern deep neural networks. As a response to this issue, during the development of an internal automatic speech recognition system for the national emergency call center, we have created the Romanian Speech Alert Corpus, a new Romanian speech corpus that was obtained by crowd-sourcing the reading of sentences in our institution. This paper describes the data acquisition process, several statistics about the resulted corpus and the algorithm we employed for removing the inadequate recordings.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126222111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817284
A. Tatomirescu, Alexandru Rusu-Casandra
This paper presents the receiver architecture used in frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) RADAR for space debris observation. It has been designed to operate in the 2 to 6 GHz C band and has an intermediate frequency stage in which the automatic gain controller is implemented. The design mitigates the effect of the self-interference by filtering it in analogue base-band stage. The receiver has an automatic 80 dB dynamic range for the gain, a noise figure of 1.5 dB, a sensitivity level dictated by the self-interference signal at −148 dBm/Hz and a total gain of up to 115 dB. It must be mentioned that the design incorporates only commercial off-the-shelf components (COTS).
{"title":"C-Band FMCW RADAR Receiver Architecture for Space Debris Observation","authors":"A. Tatomirescu, Alexandru Rusu-Casandra","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817284","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the receiver architecture used in frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) RADAR for space debris observation. It has been designed to operate in the 2 to 6 GHz C band and has an intermediate frequency stage in which the automatic gain controller is implemented. The design mitigates the effect of the self-interference by filtering it in analogue base-band stage. The receiver has an automatic 80 dB dynamic range for the gain, a noise figure of 1.5 dB, a sensitivity level dictated by the self-interference signal at −148 dBm/Hz and a total gain of up to 115 dB. It must be mentioned that the design incorporates only commercial off-the-shelf components (COTS).","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123726121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817166
Mircea Nicolaescu, V. Croitoru, L. Tuta
This paper analyses the radiation of vias and vias connected to a microstrip trace in the frequency range of 1 to 40 GHz. The substrate used is Rogers 4003 C as it has low losses in the frequency band 1–40 GHz. The first part of the paper presents a theoretical model used to compute the radiated field, while the second part analyses the results obtained through simulations.
{"title":"Radiated Fields by Vias and Matched Microstrip Traces in High Speed PCBs","authors":"Mircea Nicolaescu, V. Croitoru, L. Tuta","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817166","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the radiation of vias and vias connected to a microstrip trace in the frequency range of 1 to 40 GHz. The substrate used is Rogers 4003 C as it has low losses in the frequency band 1–40 GHz. The first part of the paper presents a theoretical model used to compute the radiated field, while the second part analyses the results obtained through simulations.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122750286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817208
Alexandru Dinu, A. Vlad
The paper revisits the notion of representativeness of a linguistic corpus obtained through successive concatenations of author corpora. The means for investigating this concept is statistical probability estimation by piecing together multiple author corpora and evaluating the consistency of the resulted construction in comparison with the overall corpus consisting of full texts for all the authors considered. Essential for this investigation are the concepts of statistical probability estimation and the associated confidence intervals. Furthermore, we also made use of previous results and we made correlations with the notions of minimum statistical independence distance, Zipf's Law priority areas and common words, starting with the new methodology proposed in this paper. The experimental results obtained shows that when data from the analyzed corpus were collected in an i.i.d. manner (independent and identically distributed), the analyzed word sets had a very good overlap with the set of Zipf Area 1 words (99%) and common words among author corpora (75%). These results can be aligned with the idea of representativeness of a linguistic corpus.
本文重新审视了通过作者语料库的连续连接而获得的语料库的代表性概念。研究这一概念的方法是统计概率估计，通过将多个作者的语料库拼凑在一起，并与所有作者的全文组成的整体语料库进行比较，评估结果结构的一致性。本研究的基本概念是统计概率估计和相关的置信区间。此外，我们还利用以前的结果，从本文提出的新方法开始，我们与最小统计独立距离、齐夫定律优先区域和常用词的概念进行了关联。实验结果表明，当所分析的语料库以独立、同分布的方式收集数据时，所分析的词集与Zipf Area 1词集(99%)和作者语料库中的常用词集(75%)有很好的重合。这些结果可以与语料库的代表性相一致。
{"title":"Revisiting the idea of a representative linguistic corpus","authors":"Alexandru Dinu, A. Vlad","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817208","url":null,"abstract":"The paper revisits the notion of representativeness of a linguistic corpus obtained through successive concatenations of author corpora. The means for investigating this concept is statistical probability estimation by piecing together multiple author corpora and evaluating the consistency of the resulted construction in comparison with the overall corpus consisting of full texts for all the authors considered. Essential for this investigation are the concepts of statistical probability estimation and the associated confidence intervals. Furthermore, we also made use of previous results and we made correlations with the notions of minimum statistical independence distance, Zipf's Law priority areas and common words, starting with the new methodology proposed in this paper. The experimental results obtained shows that when data from the analyzed corpus were collected in an i.i.d. manner (independent and identically distributed), the analyzed word sets had a very good overlap with the set of Zipf Area 1 words (99%) and common words among author corpora (75%). These results can be aligned with the idea of representativeness of a linguistic corpus.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130907052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817211
Florin Rastoceanu, R. Rughinis
IoT is currently experiencing a high rate of global expansion and adoption, which raises many security issues. Identifying viable and applicable solutions to a large and diverse number of devices that need to communicate securely is an issue that needs to be addressed. The protocols, currently used to secure communications, have not been designed for devices with limited resources or for direct communication between network nodes. The paper proposes a secure handshake protocol for use on a distributed blockchain technology and fog-computing architecture for the IoT environment. This solution uses emerging technologies to ensure the security of communications in IoT environments at lower complexity, lower power consumption and lower costs compared to existing solutions on the market.
{"title":"Blockchain Solution for Securing Fog-Computing Communications in IoT Applications","authors":"Florin Rastoceanu, R. Rughinis","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817211","url":null,"abstract":"IoT is currently experiencing a high rate of global expansion and adoption, which raises many security issues. Identifying viable and applicable solutions to a large and diverse number of devices that need to communicate securely is an issue that needs to be addressed. The protocols, currently used to secure communications, have not been designed for devices with limited resources or for direct communication between network nodes. The paper proposes a secure handshake protocol for use on a distributed blockchain technology and fog-computing architecture for the IoT environment. This solution uses emerging technologies to ensure the security of communications in IoT environments at lower complexity, lower power consumption and lower costs compared to existing solutions on the market.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132745223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-16DOI: 10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817244
Line M. P. Larsen, S. Ruepp, M. Berger, H. Christiansen
5G mobile networks are currently being deployed leading to a wide range of new opportunities for the mobile network users. This work evaluates the energy consumption in the xhaul segment of the mobile network when expanding to 5G. The mobile xhaul network divides the traditional base station functions into a threefold architecture connected by a fronthaul, midhaul and backhaul network, which together form the xhaul network. This work contributes to Radio Access Networks (RAN) design and planning by combining classical aspects for increasing capacity in a RAN with an energy consumption analysis of the xhaul network. A mathematical model is used to investigate the network behavior when looking into different levels of bandwidth, spectral efficiency and number of cells. Results show that when reaching 5G capacity levels, even though the same capacity is achieved, the fronthaul will carry four times the amount of traffic compared to the midhaul. This work provides recommendations for a more energy efficient xhaul network architecture. Focus points include; identifying the most optimal number of cells, prioritize longer midhaul transport spans over fronthaul, and when possible increase capacity by bandwidth and spectral efficiency.
{"title":"RAN Design Guidelines for Energy Efficient 5G Mobile Xhaul Networks","authors":"Line M. P. Larsen, S. Ruepp, M. Berger, H. Christiansen","doi":"10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/comm54429.2022.9817244","url":null,"abstract":"5G mobile networks are currently being deployed leading to a wide range of new opportunities for the mobile network users. This work evaluates the energy consumption in the xhaul segment of the mobile network when expanding to 5G. The mobile xhaul network divides the traditional base station functions into a threefold architecture connected by a fronthaul, midhaul and backhaul network, which together form the xhaul network. This work contributes to Radio Access Networks (RAN) design and planning by combining classical aspects for increasing capacity in a RAN with an energy consumption analysis of the xhaul network. A mathematical model is used to investigate the network behavior when looking into different levels of bandwidth, spectral efficiency and number of cells. Results show that when reaching 5G capacity levels, even though the same capacity is achieved, the fronthaul will carry four times the amount of traffic compared to the midhaul. This work provides recommendations for a more energy efficient xhaul network architecture. Focus points include; identifying the most optimal number of cells, prioritize longer midhaul transport spans over fronthaul, and when possible increase capacity by bandwidth and spectral efficiency.","PeriodicalId":118077,"journal":{"name":"2022 14th International Conference on Communications (COMM)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133809824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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