P. Banfill, D. Jenkins, S. Patidar, M. Gul, G. Menzies, G. Gibson
Purpose – The work set out to design and develop an overheating risk tool using the UKCP09 climate projections that is compatible with building performance simulation software. The aim of the tool is to exploit the Weather Generator and give a reasonably accurate assessment of a building's performance in future climates, without adding significant time, cost or complexity to the design team's work.Methodology/approach – Because simulating every possible future climate is impracticable, the approach adopted was to use principal component analysis to give a statistically rigorous simplification of the climate projections. The perceptions and requirements of potential users were assessed through surveys, interviews and focus groups.Findings – It is possible to convert a single dynamic simulation output into many hundreds of simulation results at hourly resolution for equally probable climates, giving a population of outcomes for the performance of a specific building in a future climate, thus helping the use...
{"title":"Towards an overheating risk tool for building design","authors":"P. Banfill, D. Jenkins, S. Patidar, M. Gul, G. Menzies, G. Gibson","doi":"10.1108/SS-01-2013-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-01-2013-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The work set out to design and develop an overheating risk tool using the UKCP09 climate projections that is compatible with building performance simulation software. The aim of the tool is to exploit the Weather Generator and give a reasonably accurate assessment of a building's performance in future climates, without adding significant time, cost or complexity to the design team's work.Methodology/approach – Because simulating every possible future climate is impracticable, the approach adopted was to use principal component analysis to give a statistically rigorous simplification of the climate projections. The perceptions and requirements of potential users were assessed through surveys, interviews and focus groups.Findings – It is possible to convert a single dynamic simulation output into many hundreds of simulation results at hourly resolution for equally probable climates, giving a population of outcomes for the performance of a specific building in a future climate, thus helping the use...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"326 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132981371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – Painting of buildings predates civilization. The primary purpose was to add beauty or aesthetics to the built environment. It was also to showcase the level of civilization, taste and fashion drive of the people. However, modern findings have proved that paint (when applied as a finishing coat on buildings) can elongate the service life of such buildings due to some characteristic properties it contains and modern additives that are included at production stage. This paper aims to examine some of the properties inherent in paint through which resistance to failure and better performance is enhanced, aesthetics is maintained and maintenance is reduced. It also examines whether these qualities subsist in all environments. Particular attention is given to its resistance to the impact of saline air when used around the Atlantic Ocean.Design/methodology/approach – The research adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach with empirical analysis in examining the performance of paint used in salt la...
{"title":"Performance and resistance of paint used as exterior finish in salt laden environment","authors":"C. O. Folorunso, M. Ahmad","doi":"10.1108/SS-10-2012-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-10-2012-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Painting of buildings predates civilization. The primary purpose was to add beauty or aesthetics to the built environment. It was also to showcase the level of civilization, taste and fashion drive of the people. However, modern findings have proved that paint (when applied as a finishing coat on buildings) can elongate the service life of such buildings due to some characteristic properties it contains and modern additives that are included at production stage. This paper aims to examine some of the properties inherent in paint through which resistance to failure and better performance is enhanced, aesthetics is maintained and maintenance is reduced. It also examines whether these qualities subsist in all environments. Particular attention is given to its resistance to the impact of saline air when used around the Atlantic Ocean.Design/methodology/approach – The research adopted a qualitative and quantitative approach with empirical analysis in examining the performance of paint used in salt la...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"143 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117053898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – Reuse of construction and demolition (C&D) waste as aggregates is becoming increasingly popular for a number of environmental and economic reasons. The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic.Design/methodology/approach – In this study, structural‐ and pavement‐grade portland cement concrete (PCC) mixtures were developed using crushed recycled brick masonry from a demolition site as a replacement for conventional coarse aggregate. Prior to developing concrete mixtures, testing was performed to determine properties of whole clay brick and tile, as well as the crushed recycled brick masonry aggregate (RBMA), and a database of material properties was developed.Findings – Concrete mixtures exhibiting acceptable workability and other fresh concrete properties were obtained, and tests were performed to assess mechanical properties and durability performance of the hardened concrete. Results indicated that recycled brick masonry aggregate concrete (RBMAC) mixtures can exhibit mechanical properti...
{"title":"Recycled brick masonry aggregate concrete","authors":"Tara L. Cavalline, D. Weggel","doi":"10.1108/SS-09-2012-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-09-2012-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – Reuse of construction and demolition (C&D) waste as aggregates is becoming increasingly popular for a number of environmental and economic reasons. The purpose of this paper is to explore this topic.Design/methodology/approach – In this study, structural‐ and pavement‐grade portland cement concrete (PCC) mixtures were developed using crushed recycled brick masonry from a demolition site as a replacement for conventional coarse aggregate. Prior to developing concrete mixtures, testing was performed to determine properties of whole clay brick and tile, as well as the crushed recycled brick masonry aggregate (RBMA), and a database of material properties was developed.Findings – Concrete mixtures exhibiting acceptable workability and other fresh concrete properties were obtained, and tests were performed to assess mechanical properties and durability performance of the hardened concrete. Results indicated that recycled brick masonry aggregate concrete (RBMAC) mixtures can exhibit mechanical properti...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128225572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – In refurbishment design, the individual designer is the one who ultimately determines the quality and performance of a project, but not his or her organization. Hence, various specific attributes are essential in the designers undertaking refurbishment projects. This directly influences the refurbishment project performance. The aims of this paper are to identify the important designer's attributes of refurbishment works and to develop prediction models for designer selection.Design/methodology/approach – The study started with the identification of an important designer's attributes through literature review followed by a questionnaire survey. A set of questionnaires was distributed to 100 selected designers who handled refurbishment projects in Malaysia.Findings – In conclusion, the study identified six key designer's attributes in refurbishment projects. The associative test shows that to improve a refurbishment project performance, the designers need to have knowledge, enthusiasm, commitment...
{"title":"The designer in refurbishment projects: implications to the compatibility of design","authors":"A. Ali, Cheong Peng Au-Yong","doi":"10.1108/SS-11-2012-0038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-11-2012-0038","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – In refurbishment design, the individual designer is the one who ultimately determines the quality and performance of a project, but not his or her organization. Hence, various specific attributes are essential in the designers undertaking refurbishment projects. This directly influences the refurbishment project performance. The aims of this paper are to identify the important designer's attributes of refurbishment works and to develop prediction models for designer selection.Design/methodology/approach – The study started with the identification of an important designer's attributes through literature review followed by a questionnaire survey. A set of questionnaires was distributed to 100 selected designers who handled refurbishment projects in Malaysia.Findings – In conclusion, the study identified six key designer's attributes in refurbishment projects. The associative test shows that to improve a refurbishment project performance, the designers need to have knowledge, enthusiasm, commitment...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132788201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ali, K. Keong, N. Zakaria, U. K. Zolkafli, F. Akashah
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to focus on identifying building elements with design defects and established the relationship between design defects and difficulties in carrying out maintenance works.Design/methodology/approach – A total of four cases have been selected covering primary‐ and secondary‐level for both National and National‐type schools (commonly known as vernacular schools). Interviews with school management were carried out throughout the study to assess the common design defects in the buildings.Findings – A list of the design defects that have caused high maintenance cost was tabulated. It could be concluded that the most common design defects are building facade and missing slot underneath the floor slab which led to more defects.Research limitations/implications – Only four schools in Penang, Malaysia were involved in this study. Data were gathered from the school management and maintenance personnel. No data have been obtained from the designers because difficulties in tracing...
{"title":"The Effect of Design on Maintenance for School Buildings in Penang, Malaysia","authors":"A. Ali, K. Keong, N. Zakaria, U. K. Zolkafli, F. Akashah","doi":"10.1108/SS-10-2012-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-10-2012-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this study is to focus on identifying building elements with design defects and established the relationship between design defects and difficulties in carrying out maintenance works.Design/methodology/approach – A total of four cases have been selected covering primary‐ and secondary‐level for both National and National‐type schools (commonly known as vernacular schools). Interviews with school management were carried out throughout the study to assess the common design defects in the buildings.Findings – A list of the design defects that have caused high maintenance cost was tabulated. It could be concluded that the most common design defects are building facade and missing slot underneath the floor slab which led to more defects.Research limitations/implications – Only four schools in Penang, Malaysia were involved in this study. Data were gathered from the school management and maintenance personnel. No data have been obtained from the designers because difficulties in tracing...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"139 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130726953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Smith, K. Williams, D. Hopkins, Jennifer L. R. Joynt, C. Payne, Rajat Gupta
Purpose – This paper presents new research on the potential pathways for integrated adaptation that could make England's suburbs more resilient to future climate conditions. It focuses on the role of central government, local agencies and householders in making adaptations to the built and natural environment.Design/methodology – This paper uses evidence from three facilitated workshops run with built environment and policy professionals associated with climate change adaptation in three cities in England: Oxford, Bristol and Stockport. The workshop contributions are presented in relation to the potential role that central government, local agencies and residents could play in adapting suburbs.Findings – Central government, local agencies and householders form an interconnected network of agents responsible for adaptive action in suburbs. Professional and institutional stakeholders expect central government to take a lead and ensure planning policies and building regulations support effective adaptation. ...
{"title":"Integrated suburban neighbourhood adaptation due to climate change: Local stakeholders’ views on potential pathways for change","authors":"I. Smith, K. Williams, D. Hopkins, Jennifer L. R. Joynt, C. Payne, Rajat Gupta","doi":"10.1108/SS-01-2013-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-01-2013-0008","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – This paper presents new research on the potential pathways for integrated adaptation that could make England's suburbs more resilient to future climate conditions. It focuses on the role of central government, local agencies and householders in making adaptations to the built and natural environment.Design/methodology – This paper uses evidence from three facilitated workshops run with built environment and policy professionals associated with climate change adaptation in three cities in England: Oxford, Bristol and Stockport. The workshop contributions are presented in relation to the potential role that central government, local agencies and residents could play in adapting suburbs.Findings – Central government, local agencies and householders form an interconnected network of agents responsible for adaptive action in suburbs. Professional and institutional stakeholders expect central government to take a lead and ensure planning policies and building regulations support effective adaptation. ...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134410258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-10DOI: 10.1108/02630801311304387
J. Mansfield
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the New Labour governments’ approach to amending the regime for the protection of heritage assets in England.Design/methodology/approach – The paper critically reviews New Labour policy documents alongside contemporary research‐based literature.Findings – The terms heritage, conservation and sustainability are increasingly regarded as synonyms. While providing initiatives for the built heritage, New Labour urban policy was set in the context of domestic economic and political restructuring and increased international environmental awareness. This has made managing the heritage environment at both national and local levels more challenging, an aspect that has been exacerbated by the New Labour government's introduction of performance targets and new operational languages.Originality/value – The paper offers an applied consideration of three specific aspects of recent heritage protection direction.
{"title":"Heritage protection in England: the New Labour legacy","authors":"J. Mansfield","doi":"10.1108/02630801311304387","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/02630801311304387","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the New Labour governments’ approach to amending the regime for the protection of heritage assets in England.Design/methodology/approach – The paper critically reviews New Labour policy documents alongside contemporary research‐based literature.Findings – The terms heritage, conservation and sustainability are increasingly regarded as synonyms. While providing initiatives for the built heritage, New Labour urban policy was set in the context of domestic economic and political restructuring and increased international environmental awareness. This has made managing the heritage environment at both national and local levels more challenging, an aspect that has been exacerbated by the New Labour government's introduction of performance targets and new operational languages.Originality/value – The paper offers an applied consideration of three specific aspects of recent heritage protection direction.","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"152 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114096330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2013-11-10DOI: 10.1108/02630801311317527
Samantha Organ, D. Proverbs, G. Squires
Purpose – The existing housing stock needs substantial adaptation to meet national and international carbon reduction targets. The largest proportion of housing is owner‐occupied, and will require improvement works which go beyond those measures provided through the Green Deal and similar programmes. Therefore, the motivation of owner‐occupiers to perform more substantial energy efficiency refurbishments is essential to facilitate greater action. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approach – A synthesis of the extant literature from a range of disciplines reveals the role of motivation and the factors influencing motivation and pro‐environmental action in the context of the home. Based on this synthesis of the literature, a new motivation model for energy efficiency refurbishment in the owner‐occupied housing stock is then described.Findings – The study has found that multiple factors affect motivation to refurbish in the owner‐occupied housing stock. Key motivations for energy eff...
{"title":"Motivations for energy efficiency refurbishment in owner‐occupied housing","authors":"Samantha Organ, D. Proverbs, G. Squires","doi":"10.1108/02630801311317527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/02630801311317527","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The existing housing stock needs substantial adaptation to meet national and international carbon reduction targets. The largest proportion of housing is owner‐occupied, and will require improvement works which go beyond those measures provided through the Green Deal and similar programmes. Therefore, the motivation of owner‐occupiers to perform more substantial energy efficiency refurbishments is essential to facilitate greater action. This paper aims to address these issues.Design/methodology/approach – A synthesis of the extant literature from a range of disciplines reveals the role of motivation and the factors influencing motivation and pro‐environmental action in the context of the home. Based on this synthesis of the literature, a new motivation model for energy efficiency refurbishment in the owner‐occupied housing stock is then described.Findings – The study has found that multiple factors affect motivation to refurbish in the owner‐occupied housing stock. Key motivations for energy eff...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125672083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility that an ontological approach can be applied to formalize the construction regulation constraint knowledge in a computer-interpretable way, for construction quality checking, during construction stage. Design/methodology/approach – The ontological and semantic web technologies are used to model the construction quality constraints knowledge into Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules. Protege platform is selected to illustrate how the construction quality checking, based on the Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules, is achieved. Findings – The ontology and semantic web technologies can be an alternative way for modeling the construction regulation constraints in a computer-interpretable way, and can be implemented for the regulation-based construction quality checking. Research limitations/implications – The approach is illustrated only with given specific technical constraints examples, the generality and practicality of the approach need further investigation. Ori...
{"title":"The regulation constraint modeling and semantic inferring in construction quality checking","authors":"Y. Hu, B. Zhong, Hanbin Luo, H. M. Hu","doi":"10.1108/SS-10-2012-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-10-2012-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility that an ontological approach can be applied to formalize the construction regulation constraint knowledge in a computer-interpretable way, for construction quality checking, during construction stage. Design/methodology/approach – The ontological and semantic web technologies are used to model the construction quality constraints knowledge into Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules. Protege platform is selected to illustrate how the construction quality checking, based on the Axioms/OWL and SWRL rules, is achieved. Findings – The ontology and semantic web technologies can be an alternative way for modeling the construction regulation constraints in a computer-interpretable way, and can be implemented for the regulation-based construction quality checking. Research limitations/implications – The approach is illustrated only with given specific technical constraints examples, the generality and practicality of the approach need further investigation. Ori...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125865463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Risholt, Elisabeth Gaal Wærnes, B. Time, A. Hestnes
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain knowledge on the renovation status for Norwegian dwellings that can be used to design attractive energy efficiency measures. Norwegian dwellings are exposed to a windy, cold and moist climate and the technical condition of existing dwellings depend on the owners priorities regarding maintenance and renovation. The paper focuses on the renovation status and technical condition of privately owned detached houses built in Norway in the 1980s constituting 10 per cent of the total Norwegian dwelling stock. These houses are high-energy spenders and are at a stage in their lifetime where major renovation such as new windows and ventilation system is expected. Design/methodology/approach – The status for redecoration, maintenance and renovation as well as the technical condition of 91 dwellings are mapped and analysed. Findings – An analysis of the empirical data identified four categories of houses when considering home upgrades and technical condition: the as built...
{"title":"Renovation status and technical condition of Norwegian dwellings","authors":"B. Risholt, Elisabeth Gaal Wærnes, B. Time, A. Hestnes","doi":"10.1108/SS-09-2012-0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1108/SS-09-2012-0028","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain knowledge on the renovation status for Norwegian dwellings that can be used to design attractive energy efficiency measures. Norwegian dwellings are exposed to a windy, cold and moist climate and the technical condition of existing dwellings depend on the owners priorities regarding maintenance and renovation. The paper focuses on the renovation status and technical condition of privately owned detached houses built in Norway in the 1980s constituting 10 per cent of the total Norwegian dwelling stock. These houses are high-energy spenders and are at a stage in their lifetime where major renovation such as new windows and ventilation system is expected. Design/methodology/approach – The status for redecoration, maintenance and renovation as well as the technical condition of 91 dwellings are mapped and analysed. Findings – An analysis of the empirical data identified four categories of houses when considering home upgrades and technical condition: the as built...","PeriodicalId":118605,"journal":{"name":"Structural Survey","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130070470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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