European Journal of Epidemiology最新文献

The nationwide Women in Healthy Transition (KISO) Survey Cohort is a population-based longitudinal prospective cohort study established to explore the significant data gap on women's symptoms through different stages of menopause in a Northern European context. The KISO Survey Cohort was set up to represent women aged 45-59 years living in Denmark. In total 575,863 women were invited to participate in the study at baseline. Data were collected through digital questionnaires from June to December 2024 and included self-reported information on stages of menopause, menopausal symptoms, quality of life, physical activity, and work productivity loss using validated scales as well as information on various health, social and lifestyle factors. The follow-up of the KISO Survey Cohort will be conducted through digital questionnaires every three years over a 15-year period, inviting baseline respondents and eligible women aged 45-59 at follow-up. A total of 153,800 women completed the baseline questionnaire, yielding a 27% response rate. Among the participants, 8% were in premenopause, 24% in perimenopause, and 45% in postmenopause. Moreover, 13% had induced menopause and 10% were undergoing menopausal hormone therapy. The KISO Survey Cohort is the first large-scale longitudinal study on menopausal symptoms among women in Denmark. Data are coupled with the personal identification numbers (CPR) enabling opportunities to link data to national administrative registers. This ongoing study, thus, offers unique and extensive data, enabling future research to advance our understanding of menopause, how it affects women, and its long-term effects on women.

The pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), a severe autoimmune liver disease, remains largely unknown. Infection with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and subsequent gastritis could act as a triggering event of PSC, as H. pylori seems to be more prevalent in chronic liver disease. However, the risk of PSC among patients with gastritis and its precursor, H. pylori infection, is undetermined. In this nationwide cohort study, we included Swedish individuals undergoing a gastroscopy with biopsy during 1990-2017 showing gastritis (n = 306 588) or H. pylori (n = 11 890). Three control groups were used (1) matched controls from the Swedish general population (n = 1 544 667), (2) individuals with a gastric biopsy indicating normal mucosa (n = 318 754) and (3) sibling controls (n = 231 879). We calculated the hazard ratios (HRs) for PSC development, adjusting for age, sex, calendar year, county, comorbidities, alcohol-related disorders, education, and country of birth. Patients with a histological diagnosis of gastritis or H. pylori were more likely to be diagnosed with PSC during follow up. Compared to the general Swedish population, the fully adjusted HR for PSC among patients with gastritis was 3.35 (95% CI 2.67-4.20). However, compared to secondary controls with a normal gastric mucosa, the PSC risk was not increased among patients with gastritis. Patients with a gastroscopy biopsy showing gastritis have a moderately increased risk for PSC later in life but not compared to other individuals undergoing gastrointestinal work up ("normal mucosa)". The association with PSC may be non-specific and apply to several gastrointestinal disorders.