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2015 24th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)最新文献

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Social acceptance of a childcare support robot system 儿童看护机器人系统的社会接受度
M. Shiomi, N. Hagita
This paper investigates people's social acceptance of a childcare support robot system and compares their attitudes to two childcare technologies: anesthesia during labor and baby food (processed food and formula milk), which includes powdered milk and instant food for babies and toddlers. To investigate their social acceptance, we developed scales from three points of view: safety and trustworthy, diligence, and decreasing workload. For this paper, our participants were comprised of 412 people located through a web-based survey and 14 people who experienced the prototype of our childcare support robot system. They answered questionnaires about our three developed scales and an intention to use scale to investigate their social acceptance toward childcare support technologies. The web-based survey results indicate that our system's concept was evaluated lower than current childcare support technologies, but people who experienced our system prototype evaluated it higher than those who filled out web-based surveys.
本文调查了人们对托儿支持机器人系统的社会接受度,并比较了人们对两种托儿技术的态度:分娩麻醉和婴儿食品(加工食品和配方奶),包括奶粉和婴幼儿速食。为了调查他们的社会接受度,我们从三个角度开发了量表:安全和值得信赖,勤奋和减少工作量。在本文中,我们的参与者包括通过网络调查定位的412人,其中14人体验了我们的儿童保育支持机器人系统的原型。他们回答了关于我们开发的三个量表的问卷,并打算使用量表来调查他们对儿童保育支持技术的社会接受程度。基于网络的调查结果表明,我们的系统概念的评价低于目前的托儿支持技术,但体验过我们系统原型的人的评价高于填写基于网络的调查的人。
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引用次数: 14
KiroPi: A life-log robot by installing embodied hardware on a tablet KiroPi:在平板电脑上安装嵌入式硬件的生命记录机器人
Michiya Yamamoto, Saizo Aoyagi, Satoshi Fukumori, Tomio Watanabe
The issue of the coexistence of people and robots has been gaining increasing attention with the advancements in robotic technology in recent years. In our previous study, we proposed a personal robot - kiroPi - that can wear equipment to fit various conditions and support group communication. In this paper, we detail the development of a prototype of a life-log function for kiroPi by installing embodied hardware on a tablet. Through recording and playback experiments, we confirmed that kiroPi can provide lively communication and a sense of unity among users. The participants of our experiments found kiroPi to be effective in recording life-log as well as characterized playback.
近年来,随着机器人技术的进步,人与机器人共存的问题越来越受到人们的关注。在我们之前的研究中,我们提出了一个个人机器人kiroPi,它可以佩戴适合各种条件的设备,并支持群体交流。在本文中,我们通过在平板电脑上安装嵌入式硬件,详细介绍了kiroPi的生活日志功能原型的开发。通过录音和回放实验,我们证实了kiroPi可以在用户之间提供生动的交流和团结感。我们的实验参与者发现,kiroPi在记录生活日志和特征回放方面很有效。
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引用次数: 2
Robot head movements and human effort in the evaluation of tracking performance 机器人头部运动和人的努力在跟踪性能的评价
Silvia Rossi, M. Staffa, Maurizio Giordano, M. D. Gregorio, Antonio Rossi, Anna Tamburro, C. Vellucci
People detection and tracking are essential capabilities in human-robot interaction (HRI). Typically, a tracker performance is evaluated by measuring objective data, such as the tracking error. However, in HRI applications, human- tracking performance does not have to be evaluated by considering it as a passive sensing behavior, but as an active sensing process, where both the robot and the human are involved within-the-loop. In this context, we foresee that the robotic non-verbal feedback, such as the head movement, plays an important role in improving the system tracking performance, as well as in reducing the human effort in the interactive tracking process. In order to verify this assumption, we evaluate a tracker performance in a joint task between a human and a robot, modeled as a game, and in three different settings. We adopt common HRI performance measures, such as the robot attention demand or the human effort, to evaluate the HRI human tracking performance scaling up with respect to the used robot feedback channels.
人的检测和跟踪是人机交互(HRI)的基本功能。通常,跟踪器的性能是通过测量客观数据来评估的,比如跟踪误差。然而,在HRI应用中,人类跟踪性能不必通过将其视为被动感知行为来评估,而是将其视为主动感知过程,其中机器人和人类都参与到循环中。在这种情况下,我们预见机器人的非语言反馈,如头部运动,在提高系统跟踪性能方面发挥重要作用,并在交互式跟踪过程中减少人类的努力。为了验证这一假设,我们评估了跟踪器在人类和机器人之间的联合任务中的性能,建模为游戏,并在三种不同的设置中。我们采用常见的HRI性能度量,如机器人的注意力需求或人类的努力,来评估HRI人类跟踪性能与使用的机器人反馈通道的比例。
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引用次数: 7
You and your robot companion — A framework for creating robotic applications usable by non-experts 您和您的机器人伙伴——一个用于创建非专家可用的机器人应用程序的框架
J. Hoefinghoff, A. V. D. Pütten, J. Pauli, N. Krämer
In this paper we present a system for all and sundry to create robotic applications which is characterized by adaptivity on different levels. First, users are enabled to create their own applications (e.g. play a card game with robot) by the usage of a decision making framework for robot companions. Second, within a created application the robot itself adapts its behavior via user feedback based on a decision making algorithm (e.g. teach the robot a card game based on user feedback). In dependency of the user's expertise, he or she has different possibilities of enhancing the robot's capabilities. Especially for the non-expert user a tool has been developed which provides a graphical user interface to configure applications. The usability of the tool has been evaluated with 5 participants of the age group 40+. The results show that the technical requirements to include non-experts are fulfilled by the framework but also reveal ways to improve the tool, such as the placement of the assistance mechanisms offered to the user.
在本文中,我们提出了一个系统,为所有和杂项创建机器人应用,其特点是在不同层次上的适应性。首先,通过使用机器人同伴的决策框架,用户可以创建自己的应用程序(例如与机器人一起玩纸牌游戏)。其次,在创建的应用程序中,机器人本身通过基于决策算法的用户反馈来调整其行为(例如,根据用户反馈教机器人玩纸牌游戏)。根据用户的专业知识,他或她有不同的可能性来增强机器人的能力。特别为非专业用户开发了一个工具,它提供了一个图形用户界面来配置应用程序。该工具的可用性已与年龄在40岁以上的5名参与者进行了评估。结果表明,框架满足了包括非专家在内的技术要求,但也揭示了改进工具的方法,例如为用户提供的辅助机制的位置。
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引用次数: 5
A cross-cultural study of acceptance and use of robotics by future psychology practitioners 未来心理学从业者对机器人的接受和使用的跨文化研究
D. Conti, A. Cattani, S. Nuovo, A. D. Nuovo
Research in robotics has made available numerous possibilities and tools for further innovation in the psychological practice. For instance, recent research provided many examples of possible applications of robots in the education and rehabilitation of people with learning difficulties and/or intellectual disabilities. In this paper, we present a study on how cultural backgrounds can influence the perception and intention to use a robot as an instrument in the future practice. The study involved 37 Italian students and 37 UK students, as future professionals in the field of psychology, which experienced the actual capabilities of a humanoid robot through a live demo. In this work, we explored the main factors of the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) with the aim to reveal cultural differences. The instrument used was the UTAUT questionnaire, which was designed and validated to investigate the robot acceptance and use. A significant difference on the intention to use the robot is reported in our results. The discriminant analysis produced a very high degree of separation between the two groups, confirming that there is a different approach toward the use of robotics between the two cultures.
机器人技术的研究为心理学实践的进一步创新提供了许多可能性和工具。例如,最近的研究提供了许多机器人在有学习困难和/或智力残疾的人的教育和康复方面可能应用的例子。在本文中,我们提出了一项关于文化背景如何影响未来实践中使用机器人作为工具的感知和意图的研究。这项研究涉及37名意大利学生和37名英国学生,他们都是心理学领域的未来专业人士,他们通过现场演示体验了人形机器人的实际能力。在这项工作中,我们探讨了技术接受和使用统一理论(UTAUT)的主要因素,旨在揭示文化差异。使用的工具是UTAUT问卷,设计并验证了机器人的接受和使用情况。在我们的结果中报告了使用机器人的意图的显着差异。判别分析在两个群体之间产生了高度的分离,证实了在两种文化之间使用机器人的方法不同。
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引用次数: 41
A walking horse dynamic model for generating sensations on a simulator at various walking speeds 行走马在不同行走速度下在模拟器上产生感觉的动态模型
Chan-Soon Lim, Oh-Hun Kwon, Jeong-Yean Yang, Hyung‐Soon Park, D. Kwon
A horseback riding simulator is developed to overcome challenges occurring on real horses. The goal of the simulator is to provide a real horseback riding-like sensation to the user in various situations with limited workspace. This paper focuses on generating various trajectories at different walking speeds with dynamic effects. A walking horse dynamic model is purposed based on a two-linked rimless wheel and is modified with 3D-captured data from a real horse. A controller is also designed for passing and compression-recoil modes, aiding in changing the models walking speed using speed change input. A dynamics simulation is performed and results show that the suggested walking model covers trajectory with measured data and shows more variation.
为了克服在真马身上发生的挑战,开发了一个骑马模拟器。模拟器的目标是在有限的工作空间的各种情况下为用户提供真正的骑马感觉。本文的重点是在不同的步行速度下生成具有动态效果的各种轨迹。建立了一种基于双链无框轮的步行马动力学模型,并利用从真马身上获取的3d数据进行了修正。此外,还设计了通过和压缩后坐力模式的控制器,通过速度变化输入来帮助改变模型的行走速度。仿真结果表明,所提出的步行模型覆盖了实测数据的轨迹,且具有较大的变异性。
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引用次数: 1
Relationship between evoked electrical responses and robotic behavior analyzed by Self-Organization Map 利用自组织图分析诱发电反应与机器人行为的关系
Wataru Minoshima, Yasuhiro Fukui, Hidekatsu Ito, Suguru N. Kudoh
Toward neuroprosthetic technology, it is critical that a simple model system for interaction between brain and electric devices. For this purpose, we developed neurorobot system, Vitroid, equipped with a living neuronal network and a miniature moving robot as a body of the neurorobot. Self-Organization-Map (SOM) was employed as a generator for behavior of Vitroid. SOM was designed to map a high-dimensional feature vector to a 2-dimentional vector as the winner unit in output layer of SOM. Furthermore, neighboring units were assigned to resemble input vectors. Thus, SOM also performs pattern classifying analysis for inputted feature vector of neuronal activity. Cultured neuronal networks on Multi-Electrodes-Array (MEA) dish was alternately stimulated by two different electrodes. SOM mapped patterns induced by electrical stimulation to a 30 × 30 - 2D output layer. Only in the first step of the learning, SOM is forced to select a specific winner unit previously assigned in order to associate specific behaviors. We call this process “Seeding”. After seeding process, the winner-units correspond to the response patterns induced by two different stimuli were separately mapped. We confirmed that response patterns by two different electrical stimuli could be classified and they were almost stable. Furthermore, it revealed that spontaneous activity and evoked response shared the same patterns, suggesting that the internal autonomous activity is not only a noise, but is almost equivalent to a meaningful response. We also succeeded in collision avoidance of Vitroid by SOM-based behavior generator.
对于神经假肢技术来说,一个简单的大脑和电子设备相互作用的模型系统是至关重要的。为此,我们开发了神经机器人系统Vitroid,它配备了一个活的神经网络和一个微型移动机器人作为神经机器人的身体。采用自组织映射(SOM)作为Vitroid行为的生成器。SOM的设计是将一个高维特征向量映射到一个二维向量,作为SOM输出层的赢家单元。此外,相邻单元被分配为类似输入向量。因此,SOM还对输入的神经元活动特征向量进行模式分类分析。在多电极阵列(MEA)培养皿上培养神经网络,用两种不同的电极交替刺激。SOM将电刺激引起的模式映射到30 × 30 - 2D输出层。只有在学习的第一步,SOM才被迫选择先前分配的特定赢家单元,以便将特定行为联系起来。我们称这个过程为“播种”。播种后,分别绘制两种不同刺激诱导的反应模式对应的获胜单元。我们证实了两种不同电刺激的反应模式可以分类,并且它们几乎是稳定的。此外,自发活动和诱发反应具有相同的模式,这表明内部自主活动不仅是一种噪音,而且几乎等同于一种有意义的反应。我们还成功地利用基于som的行为生成器实现了Vitroid的避碰。
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引用次数: 1
Meta analysis of the usage of the Godspeed Questionnaire Series Godspeed系列问卷使用情况的Meta分析
A. Weiss, C. Bartneck
Standardized metrics for assessing the success of robots is a necessity for a research field to compare and validate results. The Godspeed Questionnaire Series (GQS) is one of the most frequently used questionnaires in the field of Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) with over 160 citations as of October 2014. In this paper, we present a meta analysis of studies that used the GQS. The HRI community uses a large variety of robotic platforms and only the NAO robot seems to be used by multiple research groups. A qualitative meta analysis of 18 NAO studies reveals accumulated findings on perceived intelligence, likability, and anthropomorphism, but also reveals contradictions on how the robot's behaviour and task context impact GQS ratings. The paper closes with a reflection on how added value of data analysis and presentation could be achieved for the HRI community in future.
评估机器人成功的标准化指标是一个研究领域比较和验证结果的必要条件。Godspeed问卷系列(GQS)是人机交互(HRI)领域最常用的问卷之一,截至2014年10月,被引用次数超过160次。在本文中,我们对使用GQS的研究进行了荟萃分析。HRI社区使用各种各样的机器人平台,只有NAO机器人似乎被多个研究小组使用。一项对18项NAO研究的定性元分析揭示了在感知智力、可爱度和拟人化方面的累积发现,但也揭示了机器人的行为和任务环境如何影响GQS评分的矛盾。本文最后反思了未来如何为HRI社区实现数据分析和呈现的附加价值。
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引用次数: 92
Preliminary investigation of attention responses against behavior observation Robot's movements 行为观察对机器人运动注意反应的初步研究
K. Wada, Mutsuki Yageta, Motoyasu Tooyama
In field studies, observation is often used to investigate natural behaviors of human subjects. However, it requires huge burden to observers. In order to solve the problem, we have proposed “Behavior Observation Robot” which can be a substitute for human observer. In order to observe natural behavior, the robot should avoid receiving much attention from the target subjects. In this study, we investigate attention responses against the robot's movements.
在实地研究中,观察经常被用来调查人类受试者的自然行为。然而,这给观察者带来了巨大的负担。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了“行为观察机器人”,它可以代替人类观察者。为了观察自然行为,机器人应该避免受到目标主体过多的关注。在这项研究中,我们研究了对机器人运动的注意反应。
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引用次数: 0
Robotic emotional model with personality factors based on Pleasant-Arousal scaling model 基于愉悦-唤醒尺度模型的人格因素机器人情感模型
Naoki Masuyama, C. Loo
Emotion and personality are significant factors in communication. In general, during a decision making process in human-human communication, emotional factors will be affected not only the logical thinking, but also the emotional responses. Furthermore, personality gives individual differences among people in behavior patterns, cognitive process and emotional responses. In this paper, we propose the three stages (core affects, emotion and mood) robotic emotional model with OCEAN model as the personality factors based on 2D (Pleasant-Arousal) scaling model. The emotion states in proposed model are represented on pleasant-arousal plane. The results from simulation experiment show that the proposed model is able to generate the different emotional properties based on the personality factors.
情感和个性是沟通的重要因素。一般来说,在人际交往的决策过程中,情感因素不仅会影响逻辑思维,还会影响情绪反应。此外,人格赋予人们在行为模式、认知过程和情绪反应方面的个体差异。本文基于二维(愉悦-觉醒)尺度模型,提出了以OCEAN模型为人格因子的机器人情感模型(核心情感、情感和情绪)。该模型中的情绪状态在愉悦-唤醒平面上表示。仿真实验结果表明,该模型能够根据不同的人格因素生成不同的情感属性。
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引用次数: 12
期刊
2015 24th IEEE International Symposium on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)
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