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2020 4th CAA International Conference on Vehicular Control and Intelligence (CVCI)最新文献

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A Model Predictive Control Strategy with Integral Action on the Air Path System of a Diesel Engine 柴油机风道系统积分作用模型预测控制策略
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338638
Jingyu Zhang, Jingfei Zhang, Xinda Yang, Pingyue Zhang
It is a challenging problem in diesel engines to control throttle, variable geometry turbine(VGT)and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). A effective method is model predictive control (MPC), which has been successfully applied to typical multi-input multi-output (MIMO) system with fast dynamics, actuator constraints, and strong couplings, such as diesel engines. In MPC controller design, the choice of output variables has a direct impact on the resulting control performance. Through investigating and discussing different selections of outputs, we propose that it is beneficial to select EGR-fraction and boost pressure as output variables while setting the oxygen fuel ratio as a constraint. Besides, equipping an integral action on the EGR ratio can improve the control performance.
节气门、变几何涡轮(VGT)和废气再循环(EGR)的控制一直是柴油机的难题。模型预测控制(MPC)是一种有效的控制方法,该方法已成功地应用于典型的多输入多输出(MIMO)系统,如柴油机,该系统具有快速动力学、执行器约束和强耦合。在MPC控制器设计中,输出变量的选择直接影响到最终的控制性能。通过对不同输出变量选择的研究和讨论,我们提出了选择egr分数和增压压力作为输出变量,同时以氧燃比作为约束条件是有益的。此外,在EGR比上设置一个积分动作可以改善控制性能。
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引用次数: 0
Fused Front Lane Trajectory Estimation Based on Current ADAS Sensor Configuration 基于当前ADAS传感器配置的融合前车道轨迹估计
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338470
Yuchen Liu, Haoyang Cheng, Zhiqiang Li
Intelligent driving functions, such as ACC (Adaptive Cruise Control) and ALC (Automated Lane Changes), require lane assignment for objects. It relies on an accurate traffic lane path estimation. This paper proposes a fused front lane trajectory estimation algorithm based on current common ADAS sensor configuration. This trajectory is generated by fusing information of lane markers, front object trails and host motion state. This algorithm uses a clothoid lane model and its coefficients is estimated by a Kalman Filter, which weighs predicted model state and current measurement. This approach is verified by a set of real road test data.
智能驾驶功能,如ACC(自适应巡航控制)和ALC(自动变道),需要为物体分配车道。它依赖于精确的交通车道路径估计。本文提出了一种基于当前常用ADAS传感器配置的融合前车道轨迹估计算法。该轨迹融合车道标记、前方目标轨迹和主体运动状态信息生成。该算法采用仿线通道模型,通过卡尔曼滤波估计其系数,并对预测模型状态和当前测量值进行加权。通过一组真实道路试验数据验证了该方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 0
Attention -Based GRU for Driver Intention Recognition and Vehicle Trajectory Prediction 基于注意力的GRU驾驶意图识别与车辆轨迹预测
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338510
Zixu Hao, Xing Huang, Kaige Wang, Maoyuan Cui, Yantao Tian
In human-machine cooperative decision making and control of intelligent vehicle, the intelligent system needs to understand driver's intention and desired vehicle trajectory in order to assist driver with safety driving in complex traffic scenes. In this paper, a vehicle trajectory prediction encoder-decoder model based on Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) with attention mechanism is proposed. The proposed model is comprised of intention recognition module and trajectory prediction module. The intention recognition module was employed for recognizing driver's intention and calculating the probabilities of turning-left, lane-keeping, turning-right. The trajectory prediction module predicts vehicle trajectory using GRU decoder with attention mechanism, which takes vehicle historical position as input and predicts future position. Both intention recognition module and the trajectory prediction module share one encoder to save time. The NGSIM dataset was employed for training and testing. The experimental results indicate, comparing with traditional methods, the proposed horizontal-longitudinal decoupling hierarchical trajectory prediction method based on GRU neural network can predict driver's desired vehicle trajectory in a long prediction horizon and the attention mechanism improve the trajectory prediction accuracy at the same times.
在智能汽车的人机协同决策与控制中,智能系统需要了解驾驶员的意图和期望的车辆轨迹,以辅助驾驶员在复杂交通场景下的安全驾驶。提出了一种基于注意机制的门控循环单元(GRU)的车辆轨迹预测编码器模型。该模型由意图识别模块和轨迹预测模块组成。意图识别模块用于识别驾驶员的意图,并计算左转弯、保持车道、右转弯的概率。轨迹预测模块采用具有注意机制的GRU解码器对车辆轨迹进行预测,该解码器以车辆历史位置为输入,预测未来位置。为了节省时间,意图识别模块和轨迹预测模块共用一个编码器。采用NGSIM数据集进行训练和测试。实验结果表明,与传统方法相比,本文提出的基于GRU神经网络的横纵向解耦分层轨迹预测方法能够在较长的预测范围内预测驾驶员期望的车辆轨迹,同时注意机制提高了轨迹预测精度。
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引用次数: 10
Study on Adaptive Method of Filling for Wet Dual Clutch* 湿式双离合器自适应填充方法研究*
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338657
Hong-tao Hao, Cheng-xi Yang, Tao Han
A vehicle model equipped with wet dual clutch transmission based on Matlab/Simulink is established and the filling influence on the vehicle's gear shifting quality is simulated by the model. The simulation results show the friction work increases when the wet clutch is under fill and the jerk increases when the clutch is over-fill. So a two-parameter fuzzy control method is proposed to adjust the filling oil pressure and the built model is used to verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. Furthermore, rapid prototype simulation verification is carried out based on dSPACE hardware. The simulation results show that the adaptive control can reduce the jerk and friction work of the vehicle shifting process, and improve the shifting quality and driving comfort of the vehicle.
基于Matlab/Simulink建立了搭载湿式双离合变速器的车辆模型,仿真了加注对车辆换挡质量的影响。仿真结果表明,湿式离合器充液不足时,摩擦功增大,充液过多时,加力增大。为此,提出了一种双参数模糊控制方法来调节充油压力,并利用所建立的模型验证了算法的有效性。在此基础上,基于dSPACE硬件进行了快速样机仿真验证。仿真结果表明,自适应控制可以减少车辆换挡过程中的抖动和摩擦功,提高车辆换挡质量和驾驶舒适性。
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引用次数: 1
A comprehensive intention prediction method considering vehicle interaction 一种考虑车辆交互的综合意图预测方法
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338520
W. Cai, Ganglei He, Jianlong Hu, Haiyan Zhao, Yuhai Wang, B. Gao
In this paper, an interactive intention prediction method is proposed. Firstly, the Hidden Markov Model integrated with Gaussian Mixture Model is modeled for current behavior recognition and its parameters are trained through NGSIM dataset. Then, a trajectory prediction method based on Frenet frame is used to predict the future traffic situation, considering which future behavior reasoning is realized by maximum expected utility theory. The final intention prediction result is a combination of historical trajectory recognition and future behavior reasoning. The simulation results show that the proposed method has the ability of reasonably reflecting the interaction process between vehicles and the prediction performance is good.
本文提出了一种交互式意向预测方法。首先,对基于高斯混合模型的隐马尔可夫模型进行建模,并利用NGSIM数据集对隐马尔可夫模型参数进行训练;然后,采用基于Frenet框架的轨迹预测方法预测未来交通状况,并利用最大期望效用理论实现未来行为推理;最终的意图预测结果是历史轨迹识别和未来行为推理的结合。仿真结果表明,该方法能够较好地反映车辆间的相互作用过程,预测效果良好。
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引用次数: 2
Vehicle Safety and Comfort Control base on Semi-Active Suspension 基于半主动悬架的车辆安全与舒适性控制
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338527
Yihang Guan, Hongliang Zhou, Zhen He, Zhiyuan Liu
This paper proposes a novel control strategy adjusting damper force of semi-active suspension to improve vehicle performance, including comfort performance considering both vertical vibration and roll motion during a gentle turn on uneven road, yaw tracking capability during a shaper turn, and rollover avoidance during a fierce turn. The coupled roll and yaw dynamics model and quarter suspension model are firstly established. Considering road unevenness is the main factor which causes vertical vibration and discomfort, a simple method to evaluate road unevenness with vertical acceleration of sprung mass is proposed. The coupled roll and yaw dynamics model is simplified to a prediction model with lower computational cost, and then an MPC controller is designed. Three different cost functions of comfort, yaw tracking and rollover avoidance respectively are designed, and their switching strategy is proposed according to priorities. Simulation results show that control strategy proposed in this paper is effective to reduce discomfort, overshoot of yaw rate and risk of rollover.
本文提出了一种调整半主动悬架阻尼力的控制策略,以提高车辆的性能,包括不平整路面缓转弯时兼顾垂直振动和侧倾运动的舒适性、陡坡转弯时的偏航跟踪能力和急转弯时的侧翻避免能力。首先建立了横摇偏航耦合动力学模型和四分之一悬架模型。考虑到路面不平整度是引起车辆垂直振动和不舒适的主要因素,提出了一种用簧载质量垂直加速度评价路面不平整度的简便方法。将横摇和偏航耦合动力学模型简化为计算成本较低的预测模型,并设计了MPC控制器。分别设计了舒适性、偏航跟踪和避免侧翻三个不同的代价函数,并根据优先级提出了切换策略。仿真结果表明,本文提出的控制策略能够有效地降低飞机的不适感、横摆角速度超调和侧翻风险。
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引用次数: 2
Leveraging Drivers' Driving Preferences into Vehicle Speed Prediction Using Oriented Hidden Semi-Markov model 基于导向隐式半马尔可夫模型的驾驶员驾驶偏好在车速预测中的应用
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338628
Sen Yang, Junmin Wang, Junqiang Xi
Accurate vehicle speed prediction has important practical value to enhance fuel economy, drivability, and safety of intelligent vehicles. Current research on vehicle speed prediction mainly focuses on adapting to the dynamics, random and complex driving environment, while rarely takes drivers' driving preferences into account. In this paper, a learning-based prediction model consisted of an oriented Hidden Semi-Markov model (Oriented-HSMM) and an optimal preference speed prediction algorithm is proposed to leverage drivers' driving preferences into vehicle speed prediction. The Oriented-HSMM is developed to learn the spatial-temporal coherence of drivers' driving preference states under different traffic conditions and infer its long-term sequences in position domain. Based on these preference states, the optimal speed prediction algorithm using preference dynamics features is designed to retrieve the speed trajectory with maximal likelihood. To show its effectiveness, the proposed method is tested with the Next Generation Simulation (NGSIM) data on the US101 dataset comprising with the Hidden Markov model (HMM) and HSMM without considering driving preferences. Experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm obtains the best performance with the mean absolute error (MAE) of 4.15 km/h and the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.7603 km/h at 200 m prediction horizon.
准确的车速预测对提高智能汽车的燃油经济性、驾驶性能和安全性具有重要的实用价值。目前对车速预测的研究主要集中在适应动态、随机和复杂的驾驶环境,很少考虑驾驶员的驾驶偏好。本文提出了一种基于学习的预测模型,该模型由面向隐藏半马尔可夫模型(oriented - hsmm)和最优偏好速度预测算法组成,将驾驶员的驾驶偏好引入到车速预测中。为了学习驾驶员驾驶偏好状态在不同交通条件下的时空相干性,并在位置域推断驾驶员驾驶偏好状态的长期序列,开发了定向hsmm。基于这些偏好状态,设计了基于偏好动态特征的最优速度预测算法,以最大似然检索速度轨迹。为了证明该方法的有效性,在不考虑驾驶偏好的情况下,使用包含隐马尔可夫模型(HMM)和HSMM的US101数据集上的下一代模拟(NGSIM)数据对该方法进行了测试。实验结果表明,在200 m预测水平下,该算法的平均绝对误差(MAE)为4.15 km/h,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.7603 km/h。
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引用次数: 0
Game-theory Based Driving Decision Algorithm for Intersection Scenarios Considering Driver Irrationality 基于博弈论的考虑驾驶员非理性的交叉口驾驶决策算法
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338515
Guanming Liu, Bin Xiao, Daofei Li
Traffic complexities in no-signal intersections lead to amounts of accidents, among of which are due to inappropriate decision based on inconsiderate judgements of the other traffic users. Focusing on an example intersection driving scenario, this paper analyses the decision-making behaviour of two crossing vehicles at intersections without traffic lights, while considering the influence of safety factor, traffic efficiency and drivers' irrationality, etc. We propose a corresponding utility model to treat the whole dynamic process as finite repeated games. Nash Equilibrium approach is adopted to solve the decision-making problem at intersections. The effectiveness of the proposed decision algorithm is validated by both simulation and human-in-the-loop experiments.
无信号交叉口的交通复杂性导致了大量的交通事故,其中一些事故是由于其他交通用户的不考虑判断而导致的不适当的决策。本文以一个十字路口驾驶场景为例,分析了两辆交叉车辆在无红绿灯路口的决策行为,同时考虑了安全系数、交通效率和驾驶员非理性等因素的影响。我们提出了一种相应的实用新型,将整个动态过程视为有限重复博弈。采用纳什均衡方法求解交叉口的决策问题。仿真和人在环实验验证了所提决策算法的有效性。
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引用次数: 1
Research on EPS Assist Characteristics Based on Hardware-in-loop Simulation 基于硬件在环仿真的EPS辅助特性研究
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338654
Xu Jingyi, Zhang Tao, L. Junjie, Zhang Yang, Ge Pingshu, Yang Jingjing
Aiming at the functions and characteristics of the EPS power steering system, power model of electric power steering is established, the ideal power-assisted characteristic curve is analyzed, the EPS steering system test is designed based on the bench, and the driving simulator hardware-in-loop test is carried out. The effects of EPS power steering in stationary and motion state are tested. The results show that the experimental results are accord with the ideal assist characteristic curve, and the designed driving simulator hardware-in-loop EPS experiment has a good assist effect, which is beneficial to improve the operating sensitivity and steering stability of electric vehicles.
针对EPS助力转向系统的功能和特点,建立了电动助力转向系统的动力模型,分析了理想助力特性曲线,设计了基于台架的EPS助力转向系统试验,并进行了驾驶模拟器硬件在环试验。测试了静止和运动状态下EPS助力转向的效果。结果表明,实验结果符合理想的辅助特性曲线,所设计的驾驶模拟器硬件在环EPS实验具有良好的辅助效果,有利于提高电动汽车的操作灵敏度和转向稳定性。
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引用次数: 0
Unmanned Tracked Vehicle Uphill Assist Control Method Based on Quasi-sliding Mode Control 基于准滑模控制的无人履带车辆上坡辅助控制方法
Pub Date : 2020-12-18 DOI: 10.1109/CVCI51460.2020.9338477
Liu Yingzhe, Ma Wenlun, Wang Li, Fan Jingjing
Unmanned tracked vehicle mostly use remote control. Communication delay and unclear images are easy to cause operator errors in operation, especially when starting on large uphill, safety accidents such as slipping and sideslip often occur. Aiming at the problem of uphill assist safety, on the basis of analyzing the longitudinal dynamics of the vehicle, a feedforward and feedback control method is proposed, the evaluation index of the big uphill assist performance is designed, the target driving force is obtained according to the uphill resistance and braking force, and the feedforward is designed The compensator calculates the feedforward driving force through the braking force, and then completes the feedback closed-loop control through the quasi-sliding mode controller. Through model simulation, this design method can help the unmanned tracked vehicle to start safely on the uphill, and the vehicle speed tracking effect is good, reducing the driver's control difficulty in uphill starting, and meeting the design requirements of the unmanned tracked vehicle's safe starting control on the uphill.
无人履带车辆大多采用遥控。通信延迟和图像不清容易造成操作人员操作失误,特别是在大型上坡起动时,经常发生打滑、侧滑等安全事故。针对上坡辅助安全问题,在分析车辆纵向动力学的基础上,提出了一种前馈与反馈控制方法,设计了大上坡辅助性能评价指标,根据上坡阻力和制动力得到目标驱动力,并设计了前馈补偿器,通过制动力计算前馈驱动力。然后通过准滑模控制器完成反馈闭环控制。通过模型仿真,该设计方法能够帮助无人履带车辆在上坡安全起步,且车辆速度跟踪效果好,降低了驾驶员上坡起步时的控制难度,满足无人履带车辆上坡安全起步控制的设计要求。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2020 4th CAA International Conference on Vehicular Control and Intelligence (CVCI)
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