Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558842
A. Corvino, P. Collier
The Sørsdal Glacier, East Antarctica, offers an ideal study region to improve our understanding of glacier dynamics. The project ‘Structure and Dynamics of the Sørsdal Glacier’, which is funded by the Antarctic Science Advisory Committee (ASAC), aims to utilise various types of data collected on the Sørsdal Glacier over three summer field seasons, 2000–2003 to achieve this objective. The acquisition of reliable time-based positional information is vital for strain-rate computations and modelling purposes. This paper discusses aspects of the GPS surveying work undertaken in support of this project over the summer period 2000–2001.
{"title":"Monitoring the surface movement of the Sørsdal Glacier, East Antarctica 2000–2001","authors":"A. Corvino, P. Collier","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558842","url":null,"abstract":"The Sørsdal Glacier, East Antarctica, offers an ideal study region to improve our understanding of glacier dynamics. The project ‘Structure and Dynamics of the Sørsdal Glacier’, which is funded by the Antarctic Science Advisory Committee (ASAC), aims to utilise various types of data collected on the Sørsdal Glacier over three summer field seasons, 2000–2003 to achieve this objective. The acquisition of reliable time-based positional information is vital for strain-rate computations and modelling purposes. This paper discusses aspects of the GPS surveying work undertaken in support of this project over the summer period 2000–2001.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131407033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558839
H. Kutoglu, Ç. Mekik, H. Akcin
The transformation between two geocentric coordinate systems is carried out by the seven-parameter similarity transformation comprising three translations, three rotations and one scale difference. A number of approaches are available to realise this. Nevertheless, the Bursa-Wolf and Molodensky-Badekas models are generally favored for their simplicity. Except for their translations and their rms values both models yield similar results. Choosing a model producing more realistic translations is, of course, of paramount interest to surveyors. In this study, investigation of the causes of differences between translations of both models and which of these models produces more precise results is taken into consideration. The outcome of this investigation showed that the mathematical model of the Bursa-Wolf as opposed to the Molodensky-Badekas causes high correlations between transformation parameters, so Molodensky-Badekas model determines the translations better than the former.
{"title":"A Comparison of Two Well Known Models for 7- Parameter Transformation","authors":"H. Kutoglu, Ç. Mekik, H. Akcin","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558839","url":null,"abstract":"The transformation between two geocentric coordinate systems is carried out by the seven-parameter similarity transformation comprising three translations, three rotations and one scale difference. A number of approaches are available to realise this. Nevertheless, the Bursa-Wolf and Molodensky-Badekas models are generally favored for their simplicity. Except for their translations and their rms values both models yield similar results. Choosing a model producing more realistic translations is, of course, of paramount interest to surveyors. In this study, investigation of the causes of differences between translations of both models and which of these models produces more precise results is taken into consideration. The outcome of this investigation showed that the mathematical model of the Bursa-Wolf as opposed to the Molodensky-Badekas causes high correlations between transformation parameters, so Molodensky-Badekas model determines the translations better than the former.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114457264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558841
J. Kirby, W. Featherstone
This short note describes an approach to compute coordinates from a survey traverse (properly reduced to the ellipsoid) without the need for tedious iterative computations via the map grid. A numerical example of a -160 km traverse is used to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach. This shows a 67 % improvement in efficiency for the user, and the final coordinates agree to within 2 mm in easting and 3 mm in northing with those computed using the map-grid-based approach.
{"title":"Short note: Traverse computation on the ellipsoid instead of on the map plane","authors":"J. Kirby, W. Featherstone","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558841","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558841","url":null,"abstract":"This short note describes an approach to compute coordinates from a survey traverse (properly reduced to the ellipsoid) without the need for tedious iterative computations via the map grid. A numerical example of a -160 km traverse is used to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed approach. This shows a 67 % improvement in efficiency for the user, and the final coordinates agree to within 2 mm in easting and 3 mm in northing with those computed using the map-grid-based approach.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117145545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558843
Brigadier D. Macdonald
{"title":"The Life and Style of a Surveyor in the Twentieth Century","authors":"Brigadier D. Macdonald","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558843","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125280969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558846
{"title":"Notes to Contributors","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558846","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116539308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558838
I. M. El Hassan
In land and hydrographic surveying cases frequently arise when it is needed to fix the position of a new point by observing the directions to three or more control points. This problem is well known as the two-dimensional resection or three- point problem. In this paper existing analytical solutions for this problem are reviewed. Solutions are classified into five categories according to mathematical principles. The procedure of each solution is briefly explained and each formula is given in a form ready for computer programming. From each category one solution has been selected to be programmed to allow comparison with other solutions as far as computer storage capacity.
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Resection — A Survey Of Analytical Techniques","authors":"I. M. El Hassan","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558838","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558838","url":null,"abstract":"In land and hydrographic surveying cases frequently arise when it is needed to fix the position of a new point by observing the directions to three or more control points. This problem is well known as the two-dimensional resection or three- point problem. In this paper existing analytical solutions for this problem are reviewed. Solutions are classified into five categories according to mathematical principles. The procedure of each solution is briefly explained and each formula is given in a form ready for computer programming. From each category one solution has been selected to be programmed to allow comparison with other solutions as far as computer storage capacity.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133764315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050356.2002.10558840
W. Featherstone, Vie Dent
Normally, the precise transfer of vertical geodetic control by GPS requires two receivers operating simultaneously in carrier-phase mode. This paper describes the transfer of vertical control into areas that have sparse existing geodetic control using only a single GPS receiver. The GPS data were processed using the Australian Surveying and Land Information Group’s (AUSLIG’s) AUSPOS on-line GPS processing facility (www.auslig.gov.aulgeodesylsgc/wwwgps/wwwgps.htm). These GPS-estimated ellipsoidal heights were transformed to the Australian Height Datum (AHD) using AUSGeoid98. In the case study area of Western Australia, a small bias had to be applied to account for the absolute difference between AUSGeoid98 and the AHD before the detailed spirit-levelling traverses, tied to these single-GPS-derived heights, were integrated with a digital elevation model.
{"title":"Transfer of vertical geodetic control using only one GPS receiver: a case study","authors":"W. Featherstone, Vie Dent","doi":"10.1080/00050356.2002.10558840","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050356.2002.10558840","url":null,"abstract":"Normally, the precise transfer of vertical geodetic control by GPS requires two receivers operating simultaneously in carrier-phase mode. This paper describes the transfer of vertical control into areas that have sparse existing geodetic control using only a single GPS receiver. The GPS data were processed using the Australian Surveying and Land Information Group’s (AUSLIG’s) AUSPOS on-line GPS processing facility (www.auslig.gov.aulgeodesylsgc/wwwgps/wwwgps.htm). These GPS-estimated ellipsoidal heights were transformed to the Australian Height Datum (AHD) using AUSGeoid98. In the case study area of Western Australia, a small bias had to be applied to account for the absolute difference between AUSGeoid98 and the AHD before the detailed spirit-levelling traverses, tied to these single-GPS-derived heights, were integrated with a digital elevation model.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125375509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050355.2001.10558828
A. Kealy
For the practicing surveyor, the availability of the Global Positioning System (GPS) has offered distinct advantages over traditional methods of surveying in terms of efficiency, accuracy and consequently cost effectiveness. For many surveyors however, the limitation imposed on the system when operating in areas with partial or complete obscuration of the sky, is a significant disadvantage to its reliability and practical use. With the trend here in Australia towards developing regional GPS base station networks, the next generation of surveying technology will definitely be based around satellite positioning systems. With plans underway for the development of a European satellite system that is independent of GPS but compatible with it, it is expected that by the year 2008 all elements of system integrity and positioning reliability will be met. Through practical case studies including “vehicle tracking” and “aboriginal rock art mapping” undertaken in Australia this paper highlights the limitations of currently available GNSS technology, and presents further benefits that can be derived from an integration of both satellite and terrestrial sensors.
{"title":"Integrated Technologies - The Next Generation of Solutions for the Surveying Profession","authors":"A. Kealy","doi":"10.1080/00050355.2001.10558828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050355.2001.10558828","url":null,"abstract":"For the practicing surveyor, the availability of the Global Positioning System (GPS) has offered distinct advantages over traditional methods of surveying in terms of efficiency, accuracy and consequently cost effectiveness. For many surveyors however, the limitation imposed on the system when operating in areas with partial or complete obscuration of the sky, is a significant disadvantage to its reliability and practical use. With the trend here in Australia towards developing regional GPS base station networks, the next generation of surveying technology will definitely be based around satellite positioning systems. With plans underway for the development of a European satellite system that is independent of GPS but compatible with it, it is expected that by the year 2008 all elements of system integrity and positioning reliability will be met. Through practical case studies including “vehicle tracking” and “aboriginal rock art mapping” undertaken in Australia this paper highlights the limitations of currently available GNSS technology, and presents further benefits that can be derived from an integration of both satellite and terrestrial sensors.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127343872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2001-06-01DOI: 10.1080/00050355.2001.10558822
C. Fraser
Developments in automated off-line and on-line digital close-range photogrammetry systems have effectively rendered the technology mature. A broadening of the range of measurement tasks undertaken has accompanied the transfer of technology of automated vision metrology from the R & D environment to an end-user community focussed upon high-precision dimensional inspection for industrial manufacturing and large-scale engineering. This paper highlights the significant advances made in system productivity and accuracy by way of a description of selected measurement projects conducted by the Vision Metrology Services Unit of The University of Melbourne. These include multi-epoch deformation surveys of a trainer aircraft, of the world’s largest electric ring motor and of a military vehicle, and the dimensional characterisation of both abalone shells and the hull of a submarine. The relevance of industial measurement to modern surveying is highlighted by the awarding of the 1998 Robert Hoddle Prize for Excellence in Surveying, by the Institution of Surveyors Victoria, to The Vision Metrology Services Unit.
{"title":"Automated Vision Metrology:A Mature Technology for Industrial Inspection and Engineering Surveys","authors":"C. Fraser","doi":"10.1080/00050355.2001.10558822","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00050355.2001.10558822","url":null,"abstract":"Developments in automated off-line and on-line digital close-range photogrammetry systems have effectively rendered the technology mature. A broadening of the range of measurement tasks undertaken has accompanied the transfer of technology of automated vision metrology from the R & D environment to an end-user community focussed upon high-precision dimensional inspection for industrial manufacturing and large-scale engineering. This paper highlights the significant advances made in system productivity and accuracy by way of a description of selected measurement projects conducted by the Vision Metrology Services Unit of The University of Melbourne. These include multi-epoch deformation surveys of a trainer aircraft, of the world’s largest electric ring motor and of a military vehicle, and the dimensional characterisation of both abalone shells and the hull of a submarine. The relevance of industial measurement to modern surveying is highlighted by the awarding of the 1998 Robert Hoddle Prize for Excellence in Surveying, by the Institution of Surveyors Victoria, to The Vision Metrology Services Unit.","PeriodicalId":119818,"journal":{"name":"Australian Surveyor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122147816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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