V. A. Brilian, Sasa Aulia, Farah Octaviani, Thariq Arian Khalfani
Indonesian electricity supply is still dominated by coal-fired power plants (CPP) by more than 50%. Water consumption for CPP in Indonesia reaches 222 million kL/year. Meanwhile, 10% of Indonesia's population is predicted to experience a clean water crisis in 2045. Most of the water consumed by CPP will be disposed of as wastewater, such as cooling tower blowdown and boiler blowdown. Boiler blowdown temperature is still relatively high. Thus, it wastes a high-quality of energy. Therefore, these conditions open the opportunity for innovations in improving clean water supply and increasing CPP’s thermal efficiency. In this research, a novel system that integrates wastewater recovery and waste heat recovery in CPP using reverse osmosis is proposed to produce clean water while increasing the CPP’s thermal efficiency. In this system, the boiler blowdown is streamed to a heat exchanger as the feedwater preheater. Then, the boiler blowdown flows to a Pelton turbine to generate electricity. The boiler blowdown will then be mixed with the cooling tower blowdown and streamed to a reverse osmosis system to produce clean water. The brine is converted by an electrolyzer into NaClO and H2. Thermodynamic and economic analyses are performed to assess the proposed system’s technical and economic feasibility. Based on the thermodynamic analysis calculation using the Engineering Equation Solver, the system is able to produce 162 kL/hr of clean water and the thermal efficiency of the coal-fired power plant increases by 0.4%. The economic analysis showed that the additional system is feasible with a payback period of 4.9 years.
{"title":"Integrated Wastewater and Waste Heat Recovery System in Coal-Fired Power Plants Using Reverse Osmosis to Produce Clean Water and Increase Thermal Efficiency","authors":"V. A. Brilian, Sasa Aulia, Farah Octaviani, Thariq Arian Khalfani","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i2.131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i2.131","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian electricity supply is still dominated by coal-fired power plants (CPP) by more than 50%. Water consumption for CPP in Indonesia reaches 222 million kL/year. Meanwhile, 10% of Indonesia's population is predicted to experience a clean water crisis in 2045. Most of the water consumed by CPP will be disposed of as wastewater, such as cooling tower blowdown and boiler blowdown. Boiler blowdown temperature is still relatively high. Thus, it wastes a high-quality of energy. Therefore, these conditions open the opportunity for innovations in improving clean water supply and increasing CPP’s thermal efficiency. In this research, a novel system that integrates wastewater recovery and waste heat recovery in CPP using reverse osmosis is proposed to produce clean water while increasing the CPP’s thermal efficiency. In this system, the boiler blowdown is streamed to a heat exchanger as the feedwater preheater. Then, the boiler blowdown flows to a Pelton turbine to generate electricity. The boiler blowdown will then be mixed with the cooling tower blowdown and streamed to a reverse osmosis system to produce clean water. The brine is converted by an electrolyzer into NaClO and H2. Thermodynamic and economic analyses are performed to assess the proposed system’s technical and economic feasibility. Based on the thermodynamic analysis calculation using the Engineering Equation Solver, the system is able to produce 162 kL/hr of clean water and the thermal efficiency of the coal-fired power plant increases by 0.4%. The economic analysis showed that the additional system is feasible with a payback period of 4.9 years.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129529500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Street lighting can be considered the main energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter at Indonesia's city level. In addition, public street lighting systems throughout Indonesia still use inefficient technologies, resulting in a significant portion of a municipality’s operating expenditure. We conduct techno-economy analysis and formulate financing mechanisms to support energy efficiency improvements on street lighting systems. In doing so, a pilot case based on a survey in one of the provincial capitals in Kalimantan is performed. From the survey, it is found that around half of the street lighting systems in the observed city are unmetered, dominated by CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) lamps. Efficiency through street lighting system improvement can be achieved through, among others, replacement with a highly efficient light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, power meters installation and the replacement of high-efficiency armatures. Our analysis shows that energy consumption reduction potential from street light system improvements can reach 69% from existing conditions. In the showcase, it can save 9,466,465 kWh, equal to energy costs of IDR 13,676,202,724 and a 7,667-ton emission reduction. From the analysis, we also delivered a financial scheme for the project that incorporated local government and special mission vehicles under the coordination of the Ministry of Finance. Having great potential, a financing support mechanism can become a reference to another local government with a limited budget constraint. These findings can also provide policymakers with important inputs while improving street lighting systems as a key service provided by local and municipal governments.
{"title":"Fostering Energy Efficiency Through Street Lighting System Improvement: A Case Study of City-Level in Indonesia","authors":"I. Kurniawan, R. Kurniawan","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i2.146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i2.146","url":null,"abstract":"Street lighting can be considered the main energy consumer and greenhouse gas emitter at Indonesia's city level. In addition, public street lighting systems throughout Indonesia still use inefficient technologies, resulting in a significant portion of a municipality’s operating expenditure. We conduct techno-economy analysis and formulate financing mechanisms to support energy efficiency improvements on street lighting systems. In doing so, a pilot case based on a survey in one of the provincial capitals in Kalimantan is performed. From the survey, it is found that around half of the street lighting systems in the observed city are unmetered, dominated by CFL (Compact Fluorescent Lamp) lamps. Efficiency through street lighting system improvement can be achieved through, among others, replacement with a highly efficient light-emitting diode (LED) lamp, power meters installation and the replacement of high-efficiency armatures. Our analysis shows that energy consumption reduction potential from street light system improvements can reach 69% from existing conditions. In the showcase, it can save 9,466,465 kWh, equal to energy costs of IDR 13,676,202,724 and a 7,667-ton emission reduction. From the analysis, we also delivered a financial scheme for the project that incorporated local government and special mission vehicles under the coordination of the Ministry of Finance. Having great potential, a financing support mechanism can become a reference to another local government with a limited budget constraint. These findings can also provide policymakers with important inputs while improving street lighting systems as a key service provided by local and municipal governments.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124570725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diemas Sukma Hawkins, N. Sari, Indah Chaerunnisa, Farahdiba Kuraini
In the turn of the twenty-first, China has grown to become the largest energy consumer in the world, the largest energy producer globally and has risen to prominence as one of the leaders in the development of alternative and renewable energy sources. This has granted China the status as a leader in global energy governance. But while China has actively participated in international energy markets as a massive competition, this has also been juxtaposed with an odd reluctance to ambitiously participate in global energy regimes. However, under President Xi Jinping this has changed, and China has become more and more dominant in the global energy sector; not just in the market but now in its governance. From its inclusion in international energy institutions to its role in energy development in the Belt and Road Initiative, BRICS and New Development Bank; we can now see how China has expanded its dominance in the energy sector. By using qualitative methods, this paper critically analyses China’s strive to become a global hegemony via dominance in the energy development sector, both as a tool for its energy security as well as to hold geopolitical control over developing nations that rely on China for their energy needs.
{"title":"A Critical Analysis of China’s Role in Global Energy Governance as a Strategy for Energy Security and Seeking Hegemony","authors":"Diemas Sukma Hawkins, N. Sari, Indah Chaerunnisa, Farahdiba Kuraini","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i2.138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i2.138","url":null,"abstract":"In the turn of the twenty-first, China has grown to become the largest energy consumer in the world, the largest energy producer globally and has risen to prominence as one of the leaders in the development of alternative and renewable energy sources. This has granted China the status as a leader in global energy governance. But while China has actively participated in international energy markets as a massive competition, this has also been juxtaposed with an odd reluctance to ambitiously participate in global energy regimes. However, under President Xi Jinping this has changed, and China has become more and more dominant in the global energy sector; not just in the market but now in its governance. From its inclusion in international energy institutions to its role in energy development in the Belt and Road Initiative, BRICS and New Development Bank; we can now see how China has expanded its dominance in the energy sector. By using qualitative methods, this paper critically analyses China’s strive to become a global hegemony via dominance in the energy development sector, both as a tool for its energy security as well as to hold geopolitical control over developing nations that rely on China for their energy needs.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131707955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sadiid Arifin, Al Hilal Firdaus S. A., Azarine Raina Erwita Putri
Through the Minister of ESDM K/20/MEM/2015 and Bali Governor Regulation No. 45/2019, Bali is designated as a clean energy area and has the advanced implementation of the energy transition towards renewable energy to attain SDG 7 "Affordable and Clean Energy." One of the main intensified directions is the development of solar rooftop energy. However, its development has encountered obstacles that hinder the operation's sustainability. Constraints include financing and community participation. This paper aims to provide solutions to catalyze public participation (especially in youth) for energy transition through the Crowd-Based Business Model, especially for Rooftop Solar Energy Power Plant or PLTS Atap. An integrated information system in the application that can increase investor interest in renewable energy, especially PLTS Atap, could be the answer. This Study uses data from literature studies and will be processed through qualitative content analysis, business model canvas, system design/flow analysis and SWOT analysis. This research will produce an application that is expected to be able to (1) understand the potential, benefits and considerations in using renewable energy, especially solar energy, by installing PLTS Atap in Indonesia (2) inform about financing schemes for installing and using PLTS Atap as a source of electricity generation on a corporate industrial and commercial scale (3) explain investment alternatives using crowdfunding and crowd sale with a certain level of profit that supports environmental values and renewable energy.
{"title":"Integrated Solar Energy Application System Development to Catalyze Public Participation Towards Bali Clean Energy Through Crowd-Based Business Models","authors":"Sadiid Arifin, Al Hilal Firdaus S. A., Azarine Raina Erwita Putri","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i2.151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i2.151","url":null,"abstract":"Through the Minister of ESDM K/20/MEM/2015 and Bali Governor Regulation No. 45/2019, Bali is designated as a clean energy area and has the advanced implementation of the energy transition towards renewable energy to attain SDG 7 \"Affordable and Clean Energy.\" One of the main intensified directions is the development of solar rooftop energy. However, its development has encountered obstacles that hinder the operation's sustainability. Constraints include financing and community participation. This paper aims to provide solutions to catalyze public participation (especially in youth) for energy transition through the Crowd-Based Business Model, especially for Rooftop Solar Energy Power Plant or PLTS Atap. An integrated information system in the application that can increase investor interest in renewable energy, especially PLTS Atap, could be the answer. This Study uses data from literature studies and will be processed through qualitative content analysis, business model canvas, system design/flow analysis and SWOT analysis. This research will produce an application that is expected to be able to (1) understand the potential, benefits and considerations in using renewable energy, especially solar energy, by installing PLTS Atap in Indonesia (2) inform about financing schemes for installing and using PLTS Atap as a source of electricity generation on a corporate industrial and commercial scale (3) explain investment alternatives using crowdfunding and crowd sale with a certain level of profit that supports environmental values and renewable energy.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129412611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurentius Kevin Hendinata, Tantri Ardiwinata, Filipus Kevin Tirta Pratama
Energy plays a strategic role in human life today. In this case, energy is an interdisciplinary concept from the concepts of science and the environment to global social problems. One aspect of energy development is energy conservation, where efficient and rational use of energy is carried out without reducing energy use performance. To increase public awareness and participation on energy issues, especially those related to energy conservation, it is necessary to increase knowledge about energy in the wider community, one of which is through energy literacy. This is because knowing energy will empower people to make wise decisions and take responsible action regarding energy use. Energy literacy here can be obtained through formal and informal education. This study investigates the condition of energy literacy in Indonesian society in general through a sampling method, and it is found that the level of energy literacy in Indonesian society is on a moderate scale, but it is still not enough to reach the expected level of energy literacy, while the energy literacy level is less. Energy literacy and energy conservation will also be increasingly hampered. Therefore, it is hoped that an increase in education or energy literacy related to formal and non-formal education so that people are more familiar with and apply energy conservation in their daily lives.
{"title":"The Role of Energy Literacy in Supporting Energy Conservation: Perspective from Indonesian Citizens","authors":"Laurentius Kevin Hendinata, Tantri Ardiwinata, Filipus Kevin Tirta Pratama","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i2.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i2.113","url":null,"abstract":"Energy plays a strategic role in human life today. In this case, energy is an interdisciplinary concept from the concepts of science and the environment to global social problems. One aspect of energy development is energy conservation, where efficient and rational use of energy is carried out without reducing energy use performance. To increase public awareness and participation on energy issues, especially those related to energy conservation, it is necessary to increase knowledge about energy in the wider community, one of which is through energy literacy. This is because knowing energy will empower people to make wise decisions and take responsible action regarding energy use. Energy literacy here can be obtained through formal and informal education. This study investigates the condition of energy literacy in Indonesian society in general through a sampling method, and it is found that the level of energy literacy in Indonesian society is on a moderate scale, but it is still not enough to reach the expected level of energy literacy, while the energy literacy level is less. Energy literacy and energy conservation will also be increasingly hampered. Therefore, it is hoped that an increase in education or energy literacy related to formal and non-formal education so that people are more familiar with and apply energy conservation in their daily lives.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130471559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Located on opposite ends of Asia, Indonesia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states have developed dense and multifaceted relations in recent years. Trade and economic relations have been foundational in developing these ties, with energy playing an important role. Energy has long been at the heart of Indonesia-GCC trade. The relations have expanded from traditional energy such as oil and gas to renewable energy. This article examines the progress of Indonesia-GCC relations, particularly in the energy field. It looks at the major past and present developments in the energy cooperation between Indonesia and the Gulf countries, including exports, imports, as well as investments. In doing so, the paper also examines the drivers behind the growing cooperation.
{"title":"Indonesia’s Energy Relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: Drivers and Progresses","authors":"Zulfikar Rakhmat, M. H. Pashya","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i1.126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i1.126","url":null,"abstract":"Located on opposite ends of Asia, Indonesia and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member states have developed dense and multifaceted relations in recent years. Trade and economic relations have been foundational in developing these ties, with energy playing an important role. Energy has long been at the heart of Indonesia-GCC trade. The relations have expanded from traditional energy such as oil and gas to renewable energy. This article examines the progress of Indonesia-GCC relations, particularly in the energy field. It looks at the major past and present developments in the energy cooperation between Indonesia and the Gulf countries, including exports, imports, as well as investments. In doing so, the paper also examines the drivers behind the growing cooperation.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114623104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. F. Umam, Sesi Selia, Amrullah Farad Sunaryo, Muhammad Rizqi Al Asy’ari
Indonesia intends to increase the renewable energy ratio to at least 23% from the energy mix generated by 2025. This target is also in line with the Paris Agreement that Indonesia ratified in October 2016. However, renewable energy capacity has not been significant, as 11.38% of the total on-grid power capacity (MEMR, 2021). More than 90% of renewable comes from hydropower and geothermal, and only a limited capacity comes from wind and solar energy. On the other hand, wind and solar energy potential are enormous for energy generation in Indonesia. One of the barriers that hinder the use of both is their intermittent nature so that they are not economically profitable and can disrupt the existing power grid. Energy storage systems (ESS) can reduce this intermittent problem as frequency regulators and voltage support to the grid. This paper reviews the potential and challenges of energy storage and renewable power generation, especially wind and solar power. This paper also outlines lessons learned from energy storage systems that have been implemented and are still under development. The discussion focuses on the types of energy storage suitable for applications in Indonesia.
{"title":"Energy Storage Applications to Address the Challenges of Solar PV and Wind Penetration in Indonesia: A Preliminary Study","authors":"M. F. Umam, Sesi Selia, Amrullah Farad Sunaryo, Muhammad Rizqi Al Asy’ari","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i1.110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i1.110","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia intends to increase the renewable energy ratio to at least 23% from the energy mix generated by 2025. This target is also in line with the Paris Agreement that Indonesia ratified in October 2016. However, renewable energy capacity has not been significant, as 11.38% of the total on-grid power capacity (MEMR, 2021). More than 90% of renewable comes from hydropower and geothermal, and only a limited capacity comes from wind and solar energy. On the other hand, wind and solar energy potential are enormous for energy generation in Indonesia. One of the barriers that hinder the use of both is their intermittent nature so that they are not economically profitable and can disrupt the existing power grid. Energy storage systems (ESS) can reduce this intermittent problem as frequency regulators and voltage support to the grid. This paper reviews the potential and challenges of energy storage and renewable power generation, especially wind and solar power. This paper also outlines lessons learned from energy storage systems that have been implemented and are still under development. The discussion focuses on the types of energy storage suitable for applications in Indonesia.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129014002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Having great potential, a mechanism that can leverage private involvement in energy efficiency deployment should be developed in emerging markets such as Indonesia. This study aimed to formulate an implementable financial innovative scheme for leveraging energy efficiency deployment in the country. Scrutinizing relevant studies and interviewing relevant stakeholders such as the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Energy and the Financial Institution, we formulated a blended financial scheme for an energy efficiency project. Main stakeholders will include the scheme, including fund facilitator, trustee, custodian bank and energy user/energy service company. In our proposed scheme, Indonesia Environment Fund (IEF) is obtained the fund from the fund facilitator. IEF will act as a trustee that delivers funds for the Custodian Bank. The bank will disburse the fund to the feasible energy efficiency project or through an energy service company. In this scheme, since banks get lower interest rate funds from the trustee, they will disburse the fund to the customer with a lower interest rate than a commercial rate. Consumers utilize the fund for their energy efficiency projects. Utilizing a proposed scheme to an energy efficiency project case study, it is found that the proposed scheme potentially reduces the interest rate and leverages the project viability in a certain condition. Doing the sensitivity analysis by comparing interest rate and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) in several loan periods, we found that the shorter period of the loan and lower interest rate can improve projects feasibility. For instance, simulating a 5-year loan, it is found that reducing the interest rate from 12% to 7% could improve up to 2% IRR of the project case. Therefore, the scheme can catalyze private-sector investments mobilization for energy efficiency deployment in the country. Furthermore, it can support the country's energy security enhancement.
{"title":"Developing Innovative Financing Scheme for Leveraging Energy Efficiency Deployment in Indonesia","authors":"R. Kurniawan, I. Kurniawan","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i1.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i1.132","url":null,"abstract":"Having great potential, a mechanism that can leverage private involvement in energy efficiency deployment should be developed in emerging markets such as Indonesia. This study aimed to formulate an implementable financial innovative scheme for leveraging energy efficiency deployment in the country. Scrutinizing relevant studies and interviewing relevant stakeholders such as the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Energy and the Financial Institution, we formulated a blended financial scheme for an energy efficiency project. Main stakeholders will include the scheme, including fund facilitator, trustee, custodian bank and energy user/energy service company. In our proposed scheme, Indonesia Environment Fund (IEF) is obtained the fund from the fund facilitator. IEF will act as a trustee that delivers funds for the Custodian Bank. The bank will disburse the fund to the feasible energy efficiency project or through an energy service company. In this scheme, since banks get lower interest rate funds from the trustee, they will disburse the fund to the customer with a lower interest rate than a commercial rate. Consumers utilize the fund for their energy efficiency projects. Utilizing a proposed scheme to an energy efficiency project case study, it is found that the proposed scheme potentially reduces the interest rate and leverages the project viability in a certain condition. Doing the sensitivity analysis by comparing interest rate and IRR (Internal Rate of Return) in several loan periods, we found that the shorter period of the loan and lower interest rate can improve projects feasibility. For instance, simulating a 5-year loan, it is found that reducing the interest rate from 12% to 7% could improve up to 2% IRR of the project case. Therefore, the scheme can catalyze private-sector investments mobilization for energy efficiency deployment in the country. Furthermore, it can support the country's energy security enhancement.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130553873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laurentius Kevin Hendinata, Ahmad Ilham Rokhul Fikri, Michael Alfano Suprapto
Energy and climate problems that occur encourage the intensification of energy use efficiency, one of which is in buildings. The building sector is the largest contributor to energy consumption when compared to other sectors due to the need for comfort in life, including to regulate air temperature, ventilation, and artificial lighting. Window innovation as a building component leads to adaptive smart windows technology that has energy saving features. The use of these windows is attractive because they are designed to adapt to changing environmental conditions to minimize large heat losses by adjusting their transmissivity and conductivity. Various types of smart windows have developed, one of which is electrochromic technology as dynamic glass technology which has been widely used as smart windows in commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that its use in buildings has been shown to save energy consumption in buildings through the HVAC and lighting aspects. However, in today's technology, its performance still requires external power to adjust their optical conditions. Therefore, the innovation in developing electrochromic smart windows technology that is integrated with photovoltaic technology is an interesting thing to do. The combination of the electrochromic solution with photovoltaic Si-TFSC placed on a glass substrate provides promising optical performance and energy benefits. The integration of electrochromic and photovoltaic devices provides better efficiency in energy saving, because photovoltaic and electrochromic devices can achieve electrochromic layer discoloration without an external power source. Given the photoelectric and optical modulation properties of electrochromic photovoltaic windows that can function as solar cell modules as well as powered smart windows on their own, this technology has a major advantage in applying sustainable energy to buildings. In its application in buildings, to improve device performance, the control system can be applied by adjusting environmental conditions according to the sensor system readings to obtain better device performance.
{"title":"Design of Integrated Electrochromic-Photovoltaic Technology for Smart Windows to Improve Building Performance and Energy Efficiency: A Material Approach","authors":"Laurentius Kevin Hendinata, Ahmad Ilham Rokhul Fikri, Michael Alfano Suprapto","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i1.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i1.114","url":null,"abstract":"Energy and climate problems that occur encourage the intensification of energy use efficiency, one of which is in buildings. The building sector is the largest contributor to energy consumption when compared to other sectors due to the need for comfort in life, including to regulate air temperature, ventilation, and artificial lighting. Window innovation as a building component leads to adaptive smart windows technology that has energy saving features. The use of these windows is attractive because they are designed to adapt to changing environmental conditions to minimize large heat losses by adjusting their transmissivity and conductivity. Various types of smart windows have developed, one of which is electrochromic technology as dynamic glass technology which has been widely used as smart windows in commercial buildings. Several studies have shown that its use in buildings has been shown to save energy consumption in buildings through the HVAC and lighting aspects. However, in today's technology, its performance still requires external power to adjust their optical conditions. Therefore, the innovation in developing electrochromic smart windows technology that is integrated with photovoltaic technology is an interesting thing to do. The combination of the electrochromic solution with photovoltaic Si-TFSC placed on a glass substrate provides promising optical performance and energy benefits. The integration of electrochromic and photovoltaic devices provides better efficiency in energy saving, because photovoltaic and electrochromic devices can achieve electrochromic layer discoloration without an external power source. Given the photoelectric and optical modulation properties of electrochromic photovoltaic windows that can function as solar cell modules as well as powered smart windows on their own, this technology has a major advantage in applying sustainable energy to buildings. In its application in buildings, to improve device performance, the control system can be applied by adjusting environmental conditions according to the sensor system readings to obtain better device performance.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116662647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The exploitation of natural resources affects environmental damage and does not comply with environmental licensing. The purpose of this article to find out and understand related to development through investments that can achieve people's welfare, and analyze the reorientation of sustainable development principles in investing by utilizing pro-environment natural resources. This result is reorientation the principle of sustainable development should be done by integrating the activities of the investment policy of natural resources into the economic system and environmental based budget. The conclusions are first, the perspective of the Indonesian government in development through investments isn't directly proportional to the welfare of the people. Current developments tend to the developmental and anthropocentrism paradigms; and secondly, reorientation on the principle of sustainable development since changing the government's perspective on development using an ecocentrism paradigm, and integrating natural resource investment activities into the economic system or environment-based budgets.
{"title":"Reorienting the Principle of Sustainable Development in Investing Policy Utilizing Natural Resources and Energy in Indonesia","authors":"Wahyu Nugroho","doi":"10.33116/ije.v5i1.119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33116/ije.v5i1.119","url":null,"abstract":"The exploitation of natural resources affects environmental damage and does not comply with environmental licensing. The purpose of this article to find out and understand related to development through investments that can achieve people's welfare, and analyze the reorientation of sustainable development principles in investing by utilizing pro-environment natural resources. This result is reorientation the principle of sustainable development should be done by integrating the activities of the investment policy of natural resources into the economic system and environmental based budget. The conclusions are first, the perspective of the Indonesian government in development through investments isn't directly proportional to the welfare of the people. Current developments tend to the developmental and anthropocentrism paradigms; and secondly, reorientation on the principle of sustainable development since changing the government's perspective on development using an ecocentrism paradigm, and integrating natural resource investment activities into the economic system or environment-based budgets.","PeriodicalId":119876,"journal":{"name":"Indonesian Journal of Energy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126122430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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